1 Maccabees
Chapter 11
1 The king of Egypt gathered his forces, as numerous as the sands of the seashore, and many ships; and he sought by deceit to take Alexander's kingdom and add it to his own.
埃及王聚集了多如海沙的大军，和许多船只，图谋用诡计夺取亚历山大的国土，归属自己的版图；
2 He entered Syria with peaceful words, and the people in the cities opened their gates to welcome him, as King Alexander had ordered them to do, since Ptolemy was his father-in-law.
他便一路扬言和平，往叙利亚进发，各城的居民都给他开门，迎接他，因为亚历山大曾下令，要人欢迎他，因为他是自己的岳父。
3 But when Ptolemy entered the cities, he stationed garrison troops in each one.
但是，每当仆托肋米进入一城，就在那城内派上自己的军队防守；
4 When he reached Azotus, he was shown the temple of Dagon destroyed by fire, Azotus and its suburbs demolished, corpses lying about, and the charred bodies of those burned by Jonathan in the war and stacked up along his route.
及至来近阿左托时，人便将焚毁了的达贡庙、阿左托和其周围的废墟，以及横躺竖卧的尸体，和战时被焚烧的遗骸，堆积在他要经过的路旁，指给他看；
5 To prejudice the king against Jonathan, he was told what the latter had done; but the king said nothing.
并将约纳堂行的事，陈述给王，意思是要王惩罚他，王却默然不语。
6 Jonathan met the king with pomp at Joppa, and they greeted each other and spent the night there.
那时，约纳堂又堂堂正正地来到了约培，与王会面；彼此请安，还一起在那里过宿。
7 1 Jonathan accompanied the king as far as the river called Eleutherus and then returned to Jerusalem.
约纳堂陪伴君王，来到称为厄娄特洛的河那里，才返回耶路撒冷。
8 2 Plotting evil against Alexander, King Ptolemy took possession of the cities along the seacoast as far as Seleucia-by-the-Sea.
仆托肋米王既占领了沿海各城，到临海的色娄基雅，就对亚历山大起了恶意，
9 He sent ambassadors to King Demetrius, saying: ＂Come, let us make a pact with each other; I will give you my daughter whom Alexander has married, and you shall reign over your father's kingdom.
于是派遣使者见德默特琉王说；＂请你来，我们彼此结为同盟，我要将嫁与亚历山大的女儿给你为妻，你在你的祖国将要为王。
10 3 I regret that I gave him my daughter, for he has sought to kill me.＂
我后悔把我的女儿嫁给了他，因为他竟然谋害我。＂
11 His real reason for accusing Alexander, however, was that he coveted Alexander's kingdom.
他诬枉亚历山大，是因为他垂涎他的国土。
12 After taking his daughter away and giving her to Demetrius, Ptolemy broke with Alexander; their enmity became open.
于是将自己的女儿抢去，嫁给德默特琉，而与亚历山大绝交；他们之间的仇恨就此公开了。
13 Then Ptolemy entered Antioch and assumed the crown of Asia; he thus wore two crowns on his head, that of Egypt and that of Asia.
仆托肋米进了安提约基雅，就戴上了亚细亚的王冠：
14 King Alexander was in Cilicia at that time, because the people of that region had revolted.
这样在他的头上戴着埃及和亚细亚的两顶王冠。那时，亚历山大王正在基里基雅，因为那地方的人民发生了变乱。
15 When Alexander heard the news, he came to challenge Ptolemy in battle. Ptolemy marched out and met him with a strong force and put him to flight.
但亚历山大一听说这事就来与他交战；仆托肋米王也率领大军来猛攻亚历山大，将他击败。
16 Alexander fled to Arabia to seek protection. King Ptolemy's triumph was complete
1亚历山大便逃到阿刺伯，在那里避难，仆托肋米王于是胜利了。
17 when the Arab Zabdiel cut off Alexander's head and sent it to Ptolemy.
阿刺伯人匝贝狄耳便砍了亚历山大的头，送给了仆托肋米。
18 But three days later King Ptolemy himself died, and his men in the fortified cities were killed by the inhabitants of the strongholds.
三天后，仆托肋米王也死了，他留在堡垒里的埃及人，也被堡垒里的本地人杀死。
19 4 Thus Demetrius became king in the year one hundred and sixty-seven.
德默特琉遂登上王位，时在一百六十七年。
20 At that time Jonathan gathered together the men of Judea to attack the citadel in Jerusalem, and they set up many machines against it.
那时，约纳堂召集犹太人，攻打耶路撒冷的堡垒；为攻打堡垒，制造了许多军械。
21 Some transgressors of the law, enemies of their own nation, went to the king and informed him that Jonathan was besieging the citadel.
有些怀恨自己百姓的歹徒，竟来到王前，将约纳堂围攻堡垒的事，向他报告了。
22 When Demetrius heard this, he was furious, and set out immediately for Ptolemais. He wrote to Jonathan to discontinue the siege and to meet him for a conference at Ptolemais as soon as possible.
王听了大怒，就立刻动身，到了仆托肋买，给约纳堂写信，要他停止围攻，且叫他赶快来仆托肋买，与他会面商谈。
23 On hearing this, Jonathan ordered the siege to continue. He selected some elders and priests of Israel and exposed himself to danger
约纳堂听说后，仍下令继续围攻，选了以色列中的几位长老和司祭，与他同去冒险，
24 by going to the king at Ptolemais. He brought with him silver, gold apparel, and many other presents, and found favor with the king.
且带着金银、衣服和许多别的礼品，前往仆托肋买，来会见君王，甚得君王的欢心。
25 Although some impious men of his own nation brought charges against him,
这时百姓中有几个歹徒，仍来控告他；
26 the king treated him just as his predecessors had done and showed him great honor in the presence of all his Friends.
但是王对待他，仍如前王对待他一样，在自己的众位朋友前赞扬他；
27 He confirmed him in the high priesthood and in all the honors he had previously held, and had him enrolled among his Chief Friends.
并且保证他仍作大司祭，仍享有从前所有的各种特殊荣誉，还将他列入王的一等朋友之中。
28 Jonathan asked the king to exempt Judea and the three districts of Samaria from tribute, promising him in return three hundred talents.
约纳堂便要求王豁免犹太及属撒玛黎稚三区的赋税，而许给三百＂塔冷通。＂
29 The king agreed and wrote the following letter to Jonathan about all these matters: Pact with Demetrius
王应允了，并且关于这一切事，还给约纳堂写了以下的信说：
30 5 ＂King Demetrius sends greetings to his brother Jonathan and to the Jewish nation.
＂德默特琉王祝约纳堂兄和犹太民族安好！
31 6 We are sending you, for your information, a copy of the letter that we wrote to Lasthenes our kinsman concerning you.
关于你们的事，我们已给我们的亲贵拉斯特乃去了信，如今我们将原文录下：送给你们，使你们知道它的内容：
32 ＂'King Demetrius sends greetings to his father Lasthenes.
德默特琉王祝亚父拉斯特乃安好！
33 Because of the good will they show us, we have decided to bestow benefits on the Jewish nation, who are our friends and who observe their obligations to us.
我们决意要善待犹太民族，因为他们是我们的朋友，对我们保持了, 正义，且怀有善意。
34 7 Therefore we confirm their possession, not only of the territory of Judea, but also of the three districts of Aphairema, Lydda, and Ramathaim. These districts, together with all their dependencies, were transferred from Samaria to Judea in favor of all those who offer sacrifices for us in Jerusalem instead of paying the royal taxes that formerly the king received from them each year from the produce of the soil and the fruit of the trees.
因此，我们也将犹太地，及由撒玛黎雅划归犹太的阿斐赖玛、里达和辣玛塔因三区，以及一切属镇，归于他们。凡到耶路撒冷献祭的人，他们从前每年应向王缴纳地产和树上的果实等税，现在我一律豁免。
35 From this day on we grant them release from payment of all other things that would henceforth be due to us, that is, of tithes and tribute and of the tax on the salt pans and the crown tax.
其他凡归于我们的什一之物、经常税、盐井税，以及应归于我们的王冠金等，从今日起一概豁免。
36 Henceforth none of these provisions shall ever be revoked.
凡此种种，由今日起，直到无限期，一概不得废除。’
37 Be sure, therefore, to have a copy of these instructions made and given to Jonathan, that it may be displayed in a conspicuous place on the holy hill.'＂
所以，现在请你们费心，再将这张公文腾抄一分，送给约纳堂，叫他放在圣山的显明处。＂
38 When King Demetrius saw that the land was peaceful under his rule and that he had no opposition, he dismissed his entire army, every man to his home, except the foreign troops which he had hired from the islands of the nations. So all the soldiers who had served under his predecessors hated him.
此后，德默特琉王见自己治理得国泰民安，无人造反，便将所有的军队遣散，各回本乡，只有由异民海岛招募来的外方军队例外，因而他父亲的旧部队都恼恨他。
39 When a certain Trypho, who had previously belonged to Alexander's party, saw that all the troops were grumbling at Demetrius, he went to Imalkue the Arab, who was bringing up Alexander's young son Antiochus.
那时，原先曾作亚历山大同党的特黎丰，见众军队抱怨德默特琉，遂去见教养亚历山大幼子安提约古的阿刺伯人依玛谷。
40 Trypho kept urging Imalkue to hand over the boy to him, that he might make him king in his father's place. During his stay there of many days, he told him of all that Demetrius had done and of the hatred that his soldiers had for him.
他催逼他将按孩子交给自己，使他继承他父亲的王位；也将德默特琉的一切作为，以及众军队愤恨他的事，都给依玛谷述说了。以后他在那里也住了多日。
41 Meanwhile Jonathan sent the request to King Demetrius to withdraw his troops from the citadel of Jerusalem and from the other strongholds, for they were constantly hostile to Israel.
那时，约纳堂遣人到德默特琉王前，要求他将耶路撒冷堡垒里及各营寨里的人撤回，因为他们常攻击以色列人。
42 Demetrius, in turn, sent this word to Jonathan: ＂I will not only do this for you and your nation, but I will greatly honor you and your nation when I find the opportunity.
德默特琉遂差遣人到约纳堂那里去说：＂我不但对你和你的民族要作这些事，几时我有好机会，我还要极力光荣你和你的民族。
43 Do me the favor, therefore, of sending men to fight for me, because all my troops have revolted.＂
现在更好请你派遣一些人来帮助我出征，因为我的一切军队都已离去。＂
44 So Jonathan sent three thousand good fighting men to him at Antioch. When they came to the king, he was delighted over their arrival,
约纳堂便给他往安提约基雅调去三千勇兵；他们来到王前，王因他们的来临感到喜乐。
45 for the populace, one hundred and twenty thousand strong, had massed in the center of the city in an attempt to kill him.
那时约有十二万市民，在城中心集合，想要杀害国王，
46 But he took refuge in the palace, while the populace gained control of the main streets and began to fight.
国王便躲到官殿里去。市民一占据城中要道，即开始进攻。
47 So the king called the Jews to his aid. They all rallied around him and spread out through the city. On that day they killed about a hundred thousand men in the city,
国王遂求犹太人帮忙，他们便一起聚集到他跟前，然后分散到城里，在那一天杀了约十万人，
48 which, at the same time, they set on fire and plundered on a large scale. Thus they saved the king's life.
也把城烧了，同时获得了许多战利品，且营救了国王。
49 When the populace saw that the Jews held the city at their mercy, they lost courage and cried out to the king in supplication,
城里的人见犹太人占据了城池，任意行事，都胆战心惊，遂呼求国王说：
50 ＂Give us your terms and let the Jews stop attacking us and our city.＂ So they threw down their arms and made peace.
请向我们伸出右手，叫犹太人停止攻击我们和城池！＂。
51 The Jews thus gained glory in the eyes of the king and all his subjects, and they became renowned throughout his kingdom. Finally they returned to Jerusalem with much spoil.
他们遂放下武器讲和。这样犹太人在国王及其国民前受到光荣，然后带着许多战利品，回了耶路撒冷。
52 But when King Demetrius was sure of his royal throne, and the land was peaceful under his rule,
德默特琉王于是又坐上王位，国家在他统治下又安定了。
53 he broke all his promises and became estranged from Jonathan. Instead of rewarding Jonathan for all the favors he had received from him, he caused him much trouble.
但是他竟背弃了他所应许的一切，对约纳堂也疏远了，不但没有按照约纳堂对他所施的恩惠还报，反而处处为难。
54 After this, Trypho returned and brought with him the young boy Antiochus, who became king and wore the royal crown.
此后，特黎丰便领着幼儿安提约古回来；安提约古于是称王，戴上王冠。
55 All the soldiers whom Demetrius had discharged rallied around Antiochus and fought against Demetrius, who was routed and fled.
此时德默特琉所遣散的军队，都聚集起来，攻击德默特琉，德默特琉只得转身逃走。
56 Trypho captured the elephants and occupied Antioch.
特黎丰因而获得了象队，占据了安提约基雅。
57 Then young Antiochus wrote to Jonathan: ＂I confirm you in the high priesthood and appoint you ruler over the four districts and wish you to be one of the King's Friends.＂
那时，小安提约古给约纳堂写信说：＂我立你为大司祭，派你管辖四区，将你列入国王朋友中。＂
58 He also sent him gold dishes and a dinner service, gave him the right to drink from gold cups, to dress in royal purple, and to wear a gold buckle.
他给他送上金器和一套餐具，准他以金杯饮酒，穿紫袍，带金扣；
59 8 Likewise, he made Jonathan's brother Simon governor of the region from the Ladder of Tyre to the frontier of Egypt.
又任命他哥哥息孟为总督由提洛梯山直到埃及边境，都由他管辖。
60 9 Jonathan set out and traveled through West-of-Euphrates and its cities, and all the forces of Syria espoused his cause as allies. When he arrived at Ashkalon, the citizens welcomed him with pomp.
那时，约纳堂出巡大河以西的各城各地，叙利亚的军队都聚集到他跟前，助他作战；他来到阿市刻隆时，城里的居民都热烈地欢迎他。
61 But when he set out for Gaza, the people of Gaza locked their gates against him. So he besieged it and burned and plundered its suburbs.
他又由此往迦萨去，迦萨的居民却关闭城门；他就围攻那城，放火烧了郊区，洗劫一空。
62 Then the people of Gaza appealed to him for mercy, and he granted them peace. He took the sons of their chief men as hostages and sent them to Jerusalem. He then traveled on through the province as far as Damascus.
迦萨的居民遂求约纳堂，约纳堂就同他们讲和，只是将他们首领的孩子带去，送到耶路撒冷作质。他走遍全境，直到大马士革。
63 Jonathan heard that the generals of Demetrius had come with a strong force to Kadesh in Galilee, intending to remove him from office.
那时，约纳堂听说德默特琉的将领们，带着大军来到加里肋亚的卡德士，迫他放弃自己的职务；
64 So he went to meet them, leaving his brother Simon in the province.
他就将自己的哥哥息孟留在那里，自己迎敌去了。
65 Simon besieged Beth-zur, attacked it for many days, and blockaded the inhabitants.
息孟在贝特族尔对面扎营，攻打了多日，将那地封锁。
66 When they sued for peace, he granted it to them. He expelled them from the city, took possession of it, and put a garrison there.
贝特族尔人向他求和，息孟便同他们讲和，将他们从那里赶走，占据了那城，并在城里驻扎了军队。
67 10 Meanwhile, Jonathan and his army pitched their camp near the waters of Gennesaret, and at daybreak they went to the plain of Hazor.
同时约纳堂和他的军队，在革乃撒尔湖畔扎营，第二天清早，抵达哈柞尔平原。
68 There, in front of him on the plain, was the army of the foreigners. This army attacked him in the open, having first detached an ambush against him in the mountains.
有一支外方人的军队到平原与他交战，且在山上设下埋伏。当这支军队向犹太人冲来时，
69 Then the men in ambush rose out of their places and joined in the battle.
埋伏的人忽然从埋伏的地方出来，与他们交战。
70 All of Jonathan's men fled; no one stayed except the army commanders Mattathias, son of Absalom, and Judas, son of Chalphi.
约纳堂的部下都逃散了，除军长阿贝沙隆的儿子玛塔提雅，和哈耳非的儿子犹大外，没有剩下一个。
71 Jonathan tore his clothes, threw earth on his head, and prayed.
约纳堂便撕破衣服，头上撒土，且行祈祷。
72 Then he went back to the combat and so overwhelmed the enemy that they took to flight.
然后转过身来，向敌人进攻，使他们溃败而逃。
73 Those of his men who were running away saw it and returned to him; and with him they pursued the enemy as far as their camp in Kadesh, where they pitched their own camp.
他逃散的部下一见，就又回到他跟前，同他一起将敌人追赶到卡德士敌营，遂在那里安了营。
74 Three thousand of the foreign troops fell on that day. Then Jonathan returned to Jerusalem.
那天外方军队死亡的，约有三千人。约纳堂以后回了耶路撒冷。
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Footnotes（注解）
1 [7] Eleutherus: modern Nahr el-Kebir, the northern border of modern Lebanon; in the second century B.C. the northern limit of Coelesyria.
2 [8] Seleucia-by-the-Sea: at the mouth of the Orontes, the port city of Antioch.
3 [10] I regret . . . to kill me: according to Josephus, Ammonius, a friend of Alexander, had tried to assassinate Ptolemy, and the latter claimed that Alexander was the instigator, thus calumniating him to gain his kingdom (1 Macc 11:11).
4 [19] The year one hundred and sixty-seven: 146/145 B.C. The two deaths (1 Macc 11:17-18) occurred in the summer of 145 B.C.
5 [30] Brother: this title and father in 1 Macc 11:32 are honorific titles used of the Kinsmen.
6 [31] Lasthenes: leader of the mercenary troops who had come with Demetrius from Crete. He was now the young king's chief minister and was apparently responsible for the disastrous policy (1 Macc 11:38) of disbanding the national army.
7 [34] Aphairema: the Ophrah of Joshua 18:23; 1 Sam 23:6; the Ephron of 2 Chron 13:19; and the Ephraim of John 11:54 - modern et-Taiyibeh, five miles northeast of Bethel. Lydda: the Lod of the postexilic Jews (Ezra 2:33; Nehemiah 11:35) and the hometown of Aeneas, who was cured by Peter (Acts 9:32-34). It is ten miles southeast of Joppa. Ramathaim: the Ramathaim-zophim of 1 Sm 1,1, and the Arimathea of Matthew 27:57 modern Rentis, nine miles northeast of Lydda.
8 [59] Ladder of Tyre: modern Ras en-Naquurah, on the border between Lebanon and Israel, where the mountains reach the sea, so that the coastal road must ascend in a series of steps.
9 [60] West-of-Euphrates: refers here to the territory of Palestine and Coelesyria, but not Upper Syria; cf 1 Macc 11:3, 32; 7:8.
10 [67] Plain of Hazor: the site of the ancient Canaanite city (Joshua 11:10), ten miles north of the Lake of Gennesaret.