思高本Douay version聖經
作者:fakayudogcom60
新舊約全書總論      
律法書 The Pentateuch
引言      
創世紀 Genesis
引言 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3
Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7
Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11
Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15
Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19
Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23
Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27
Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31
Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35
Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39
Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43
Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47
Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50  
出谷紀 Exodus
引言 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3
Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7
Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11
Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15
Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19
Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23
Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27
Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31
Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35
Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39
Chapter 40      
肋未紀 Leviticus
引言 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3
Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7
Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11
Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15
Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19
Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23
Leviticus:Chapter 24 Leviticus:Chapter 25 Leviticus:Chapter 26 Leviticus:Chapter 27
戶籍紀 Numbers
引言 Numbers:Chapter 1 Numbers:Chapter 2 Numbers:Chapter 3
Numbers:Chapter 4 Numbers:Chapter 5 Numbers:Chapter 6 Numbers:Chapter 7
Numbers:Chapter 8 Numbers:Chapter 9 Numbers:Chapter 10 Numbers:Chapter 11
Numbers:Chapter 12 Numbers:Chapter 13 Numbers:Chapter 14 Numbers:Chapter 15
Numbers:Chapter 16 Numbers:Chapter 17 Numbers:Chapter 18 Numbers:Chapter 19
Numbers:Chapter 20 Numbers:Chapter 21 Numbers:Chapter 22 Numbers:Chapter 23
Numbers:Chapter 24 Numbers:Chapter 25 Numbers:Chapter 26 Numbers:Chapter 27
Numbers:Chapter 28 Numbers:Chapter 29 Numbers:Chapter 30 Numbers:Chapter 31
Numbers:Chapter 32 Numbers:Chapter 33 Numbers:Chapter 34 Numbers:Chapter 35
Numbers:Chapter 36      
申命紀 Deuteronomy
引言 Deuteronomy:Chapter 1 Deuteronomy:Chapter 2 Deuteronomy:Chapter 3
Deuteronomy:Chapter 4 Deuteronomy:Chapter 5 Deuteronomy:Chapter 6 Deuteronomy:Chapter 7
智慧書 Poetical and Didactic Books
概論      
約伯傳 Job
引言      
新舊約全書總論
《新舊約全書》,是數十卷經書的總集。這些經書的特點,在於它們的寫成有超乎自然之處,因為這些經書都是在天主聖神默感下寫成,賜予天主的子民──教會──的禮品。

聖教會自古以來,一致主張這部總集包括《舊約》46卷,《新約》27卷,共計73卷。但大多數的基督教派,由於只相信以希伯來文寫成的書才為聖經,因此現今只有希臘原文的《巴路克》、《多俾亞傳》、《友弟德傳》、《瑪加伯上下》、《智慧篇》和《德訓篇》7卷,未著錄在他們的聖經書目內。而天主教會自古即以「希臘文七十賢士本」為聖經,因而對上述 7卷也一律認為是聖經。

這些經書稱為「約」,因為其中心思想,是天主與人類所立的盟約。天主與以色列民族在西乃山上所立的盟約,稱為「舊約」;耶穌以自己的聖血和聖死為全人類所立的永遠盟約,稱為「新約」。這些經書又稱為「聖經」,是為表示這些書所具有的獨特地位和神聖權威。書中所記述的一切,是吾人信仰及道德的大經,又為吾人立身經世的大道。

《舊約》經書的原文,除幾卷和幾小段外,大都以希伯來文寫成。後來僑居北非受了希臘文化影響的猶太人,因多不諳希伯來文,猶太人遂在公元前三至二世紀,將「舊約」各書譯為希臘文,即今所稱的「七十賢士譯本」。以後希臘語文也成了羅馬帝國的通用語言,宗徒們在各地宣講福音,為了方便起見,即時常利用這部希臘文聖經,為此這部希臘文聖經(包括 46卷)自初即為教會所尊重,並具有極大的權威。

《新約》各書,全部是以希臘文寫成,只有《瑪竇福音》,原文雖為阿辣美文,但很早即已失傳;今所留傳的,只有希臘文本。

《舊約全書》的寫成,凡經一千餘年(約由公元前1300-100年),而逐漸彙為一集。《新約全書》是公元初世紀宗徒時代的作品。

《新舊約全書》,通常分為三大類:即歷史書、先知書和智慧書(或訓誨書),這是很廣泛的分類。至於作者,《舊約》大多出於先知及其他賢哲的手筆,《新約》是宗徒和宗徒弟子的寫作。但因全部聖經都是「因天主的默感寫成的」(弟後3:16),經內的話是「由天主所派遣的聖人,在聖神推動之下說出來的」(伯後 1:21),為此我們不得不承認聖經的首要作者是天主。所謂「默感」,即是說:聖經的作者與編者(人),在天主的靈性感動之下,寫下天主願向他的子民(舊約與新約的教會)所要說的話,記下天主要他們記述的史事。有時天主也曾向他們透露某些重要的事蹟,或直接向他們說話;這樣,作者不僅獲得了「默感」,同時也獲得了「啟示」。既然天主是聖經的首要作者,那麼聖經上所記載的即是天主的話,即是天主的「聖言」。既然是天主的話,那麼聖經上所載的一切,句句都「真實無誤」。就是說:聖經作者在天主默感下所願表示出來的意義,是不會錯誤的。但為瞭解作者所要表達的本意,必須先注意經書中每部書的文體和體裁:是散文或是詩體?是歷史或是傳奇?是寓言或是訓誨?因為每種文體有其獨特的意義。同時還應注意作者或編者的時代背景,因為時代不同,論事的觀點也各有異。比如古代民族,尤其以色列人對歷史的觀點,和今日的史學家的觀點,有絕大的不同。尤其聖經的作者或編者,是本着宗教觀點來編述歷史的過程。他們看歷史時,常着眼於天主為歷史的推動者和支配者;人民的盛衰興亡,常繫之於他們是否遵守天主的法律。

另一個極重要的問題,是聖經與科學。聖經的作者決無意以教授自然科學(如宇宙學、天文學、生物學、人類學等)為寫作的目的。聖經作者的目的,是在於啟迪人類「獲得拯救的智慧」(弟後3:15);為此他們無意研究自然界的進化和人體的構造,其用意只在說明自然界和人類與天主的關係,教導世人,天地萬物都來自天主,一切都因天主的照顧而生存,最後又歸於天主。

還應當注意的是:為適當地研究聖經和解釋經意,人人必須先有信仰,並甘心接受聖教會的指導,因為天主把聖經委託給教會保管,因此只有教會才有解釋聖經的特權。

聖經中所記載的都是些最重要的真理,教父多稱聖經為天主給流徙的世人寄來的家書或天書。在這部天書內,天主先將自己啟示給世人並告知世人,天地萬物的來歷和目的,告訴我們天主原先怎樣給人類備下了幸福,現今的痛苦、患難和死亡又怎樣來的;天主在漫長的歷史過程中,怎樣逐步實現了他救贖人類的大計劃。《舊約》所載,即是天主為以色列民族所行的大事,所定的法律,所發的勸言和警告。這一切都是他為完成救贖人類工程的準備,甚至以民的被選,也是為準備萬民獲得救恩。《新約》則是全人類得救的大喜訊,記載人類唯一的救主耶穌基督救贖人類的大事;因為耶穌是天主第二位聖子,只有他才能把天主性體的真理啟示給人類。他降生成人,藉着自己的人性,完成了天主慈愛的計劃,使人與天主重歸於好,且提高了人類的地位,使人分享天主性的永福。

由此看來,耶穌基督實為《舊新》二約的中心,是「法律」(舊約)的終向(羅10:4),是「新約的中保」(希8:6)。《舊新》二約各經卷的最後目的,就是叫人準備期待「我們偉大的天主及救主耶穌基督的光榮顯現」(鐸2:13)。

聖經為人類得救既有如此重要的關係,因此聖經對聖教會,對於一切基督信徒,對全人類,的確是舉世無雙的無價寶書。聖保祿論《舊約》說:「凡所寫的,都是為教訓我們寫的」(羅15:4),「為教訓,為督責,為矯正,為教導人學正義,都是有益的」(弟後3:16)。這些話對《新約》來說,更為恰當;而且可說,如果沒有聖經,我們無論對天主,或是對人,不會有一個正確的認識,因為只憑理性的自然神學是不夠的,決不能打動人心,惟有研讀聖經才能觸及我們靈魂的深處,使我們聽得見「生活天主」的話,領略天主威愛兼有的聲音,洞見他全能的偉大化工,明白他怎樣生養保存萬物,怎樣以他至高無上的主權宰治一切,裁判一切;又怎樣以他慈父心腸,導引迷途的蕩子,回歸父家。無怪乎教宗良十三稱聖經為「神學的靈魂」。

誠然,一個懷有信德的教友,在恭讀默思聖經時,應覺得是與天主會晤,是在靜聽天主的勸導,是在聽他在天之父的慈音。當他心有所得,情有所動時,自然就向天主說話,這即是祈禱。無怪乎聖教會自古即以聖經為讚美、祈禱、默想最好的寶書。信友如能日日如此讀經,與天主互訴衷曲,在日常的生活上或工作上,必能時時對越天主,承行他的聖意,臻於聖化一切的至境。為此教會不斷勸勉信友多讀聖經,尤其這次大公會議,對聖經研究與聖經誦讀特予強調。願我信友善體慈母教會的勸告,勉力天天去閱讀這部天賜寶書。
  
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律法書 The Pentateuch 引言
《舊約全書》前五卷,通稱《梅瑟五書》,或簡稱《五書》。因為在這五卷書內,包含着《舊約》中最重要的一部分,即梅瑟給以色列人所宣布的法律,為此聖經上多次稱《五書》為「法律」。希伯來人稱之為「托辣」。

《梅瑟五書》雖然在紀元前已有如此的分劃:即《創世紀》、《出谷紀》、《肋未紀》、《戶籍紀》、《申命紀》,但自古以來這五卷書常視為一部,且是一部世界文學上的傑作。

如果說全部聖經的主題是闡述人類的救贖史,那麼《五書》即是記述這救贖史的開端。作者從天地和人類的創造開始,說到人類因違背天主的命令,而失掉原有的幸福,再扼要地敘述各民族的太古史,繼而只着重於以色列民族的起源,及其成為天主選民的歷史。這歷史的中心即在於天主與選民在西乃山上所結的盟約。天主很早即對以色列人的先祖再三地許諾,要以特殊照顧和非凡的奇事,準備以民的心靈,使他們對天主養成堅定不移的信仰,以後好藉梅瑟選立他們為自己的國民,頒下當遵行的法律,在世上建立起神權政體的神國。以後又在曠野四十年之久,以種種試探考驗了他們的忠誠和信心;最後引他們到了約但河東岸,在那裡又藉梅瑟勸告他們,重述以前教導過他們的一切,準備他們進佔已預許給他們祖先的福地。所以從歷史方面來看,《五書》有其統一的目標,實是一部上下一貫的著述。

按古來一致的傳授,「五書」的作者是梅瑟。稱他為作者,並不是說全書每字每句都出於他一人的手筆,而是說他曾蒐集了不少當時所能找得到的史料、文獻和法律。且在他死後,有許多歷史或法律部分是後人增補的,因為「五書」原是以色列人宗教、政治、社會生活的法典,所以常有隨時增添一些解釋的必要,為使梅瑟法律能隨歷史的演變,而適應時代的環境。

從以上所述,可知《五書》為以色列人具有多麼重要的關係。如果我們對「五書」沒有認識,便不能明瞭以色列子民的歷史,因為他們生活在一個神權政體的制度之下,他們的存亡盛衰,全繫於他們是否忠實履行天主藉梅瑟所頒布的法律。在《舊約》其他經書內,常不斷指出法律的這種重要關係,並依法律為原則,來批判一切歷史的得失。但這法律的最終目的,誠如聖保祿所說:「法律的終向本來是基督」(羅10:4)。為此,法律為以色列人,好像是「歸於基督的啟蒙師」(迦3:24)。換句話說,法律應領導以色列人,認識並信仰將要來臨的默西亞。當默西亞耶穌基督一降生,法律的使命就算完結,耶穌所宣講的「愛的誡命」,滿全了整個法律(羅13:10)。雖然如此,《五書》為《新約》的教會,仍未失其重要性,因為本書含有永生天主的啟示,以及教會信仰的基礎。

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創世紀 Genesis 引言
《梅瑟五書》每部的名稱,猶太人皆以每書的首句首字為名。自「希臘七十賢士」譯經以來,皆以每書的內容大意命名。《梅瑟五書》的第一部名為《創世紀》,因為本書所記載的是有關天地萬物的創造,人類的太古史和以色列民族的起源。但本書並不是以科學的論點和近代史學家的方法來記述,而是本著宗教的觀點來說明救贖史的開端。在這救贖史中,依照天主的計劃,以色列民族在萬民中佔著最重要的角色,因此作者也只著重於這個民族的歷史。

本書的前編(1-11章),是救世史的前導,說明天主是整個天地萬物的創造者,和全人類歷史的領導者;並指出以色列人與其他民族的關係。原祖父母雖然背命,惹下了滔天大禍,後繼的人們也多半背棄了天主,如洪水和巴貝耳塔時代的人,但因為人是按天主的肖像造成的,天主決不願將全人類完全拋棄,所以在後編內(12-50章),作者便記述天主怎樣揀選了一位信仰堅定,服從聽命的人——亞巴郎,怎樣向他起誓,立他為一個新民族的始祖,即將來要成為天主選民的民族的始祖,許下因他和他的後裔,天下萬民將要獲得祝福(22:18),由他的後裔中要生出一位「應得權杖,萬民都要歸順他」(49:10),他要使「救恩達於地極」的後裔(依49:6)。在記述亞巴郎、依撒格、雅各伯和若瑟的事蹟中,作者一再證明天主怎樣特殊地照顧了他們,以準備救贖人類的道路。

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創世紀 Genesis Chapter 1
1在起初天主創造了天地。 1In the beginning God created heaven, and earth.
2大地還是混沌空虛,深淵上還是一團黑暗,天主的神在水面上運行。 2And the earth was void and empty, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the spirit of God moved over the waters.
3天主說:「有光!」就有了光。 3And God said: Be light made. And light was made.
4天主見光好,就將光與黑暗分開。 4And God saw the light that it was good; and he divided the light from the darkness.
5天主稱光為「晝」,稱黑暗為「夜」。過了晚上,過了早晨,這是第一天。 5And he called the light Day, and the darkness Night; and there was evening and morning one day.
6天主說:「在水與水之間要有穹蒼,將水分開!」事就這樣成了。 6And God said: Let there be a firmament made amidst the waters: and let it divide the waters from the waters.
7天主造了穹蒼,分開了穹蒼以下的水和穹蒼以上的水。 7And God made a firmament, and divided the waters that were under the firmament, from those that were above the firmament, and it was so.
8天主稱穹蒼為「天」,天主看了認為好。過了晚上,過了早晨,這是第二天。 8And God called the firmament, Heaven; and the evening and morning were the second day.
9天主說:「天下的水應聚在一處,使旱地出現!」事就這樣成了。 9God also said: Let the waters that are under the heaven, be gathered together into one place: and let the dry land appear. And it was so done.
10天主稱旱地為「陸地」,稱水匯合處為「海洋」。天主看了認為好。 10And God called the dry land, Earth; and the gathering together of the waters, he called Seas. And God saw that it was good.
11天主說:「在陸地上,土地上要生出青草,結種子的蔬菜,和結果子的果樹,各按照在它內的種子的種類!」事就這樣成了。 11And he said: Let the earth bring forth the green herb, and such as may seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after its kind, which may have seed in itself upon the earth. And it was so done.
12土地就生出了青草,結種子的蔬菜,各按其類,和結果子的樹木,各按照在它內的種子的種類。天主看了認為好。 12And the earth brought forth the green herb, and such as yieldeth seed according to its kind, and the tree that beareth fruit, having seed each one according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.
13過了晚上,過了早晨,這是第三天。 13And the evening and the morning were the third day.
14天主說:「在天空中要有光體,以分別晝夜,作為規定時節和年月日的記號。 14And God said: Let there be lights made in the firmament of heaven, to divide the day and the night, and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years:
15要在天空中放光,照耀大地!」事就這樣成了。 15To shine in the firmament of heaven, and to give light upon the earth. And it was so done.
16天主於是造了兩個大光體:較大的控制白天,較小的控制黑夜,並造了星宿。 16And God made two great lights: a greater light to rule the day; and a lesser light to rule the night: and the stars.
17天主將星宿擺列在天空,照耀大地, 17And he set them in the firmament of heaven to shine upon the earth.
18控制晝夜,分別明與暗。天主看了認為好。 18And to rule the day and the night, and to divide the light and the darkness. And God saw that it was good.
19過了晚上,過了早晨,這是第四天。 19And the evening and morning were the fourth day.
20天主說:「水中要繁生蠕動的生物,地面上、天空中要有鳥飛翔!」事就這樣成了。 20God also said: Let the waters bring forth the creeping creature having life, and the fowl that may fly over the earth under the firmament of heaven.
21天主於是造了大魚和所有在水中孳生的蠕動生物,各按其類,以及各種飛鳥,各按其類。天主看了認為好。 21And God created the great whales, and every living and moving creature, which the waters brought forth, according to their kinds, and every winged fowl according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.
22遂祝福牠們說:「你們要孳生繁殖,充滿海洋;飛鳥也要在地上繁殖!」 22And he blessed them, saying: Increase and multiply, and fill the waters of the sea: and let the birds be multiplied upon the earth.
23過了晚上,過了早晨,這是第五天。 23And the evening and morning were the fifth day.
24天主說:「地上要生出生物,各按其類;走獸、爬蟲和地上各種生物,各按其類!」事就這樣成了。 24And God said: Let the earth bring forth the living creature in its kind, cattle and creeping things, and beasts of the earth, according to their kinds. And it was so done.
25天主於是造了地上的生物,各按其類;各種走獸,各按其類;以及地上所有的爬蟲,各按其類。天主看了認為好。 25And God made the beasts of the earth according to their kinds, and cattle, and every thing that creepeth on the earth after its kind. And God saw that it was good.
26天主說:「讓我們照我們的肖像,按我們的模樣造人,叫他管理海中的魚、天空的飛鳥、牲畜、各種野獸、在地上爬行的各種爬蟲。」 26And he said: Let us make man to our image and likeness: and let him have dominion over the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the air, and the beasts, and the whole earth, and every creeping creature that moveth upon the earth.
27天主於是照自己的肖像造了人,就是照天主的肖像造了人:造了一男一女。 27And God created man to his own image: to the image of God he created him: male and female he created them.
28天主祝福他們說:「你們要生育繁殖,充滿大地,治理大地,管理海中的魚、天空的飛鳥、各種在地上爬行的生物!」 28And God blessed them, saying: Increase and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it, and rule over the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the air, and all living creatures that move upon the earth.
29天主又說:「看,全地面上結種子的各種蔬菜,在果內含有種子的各種果樹,我都給你們作食物; 29And God said: Behold I have given you every herb bearing seed upon the earth, and all trees that have in themselves seed of their own kind, to be your meat:
30至於地上的各種野獸,天空中的各種飛鳥,在地上爬行有生魂的各種動物,我把一切青草給牠們作食物。」事就這樣成了。 30And to all beasts of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to all that move upon the earth, and wherein there is life, that they may have to feed upon. And it was so done.
31天主看了他造的一切,認為樣樣都很好。過了晚上,過了早晨,這是第六天。 31And God saw all the things that he had made, and they were very good. And the evening and morning were the sixth day.

注释
1:1-31
「在起初……」一语,暗示创造万物之时,除天主外,一无所有。「天地」二字此处有宇宙万物之意。作者用诗人的想像力描写天主好似一个工程师,在六天以内创造了万物,到第七天休息。首先所创造的是混沌的无生之物,後将这混沌之物分成天、地、海叁大部分,然後以日月、星辰、草木、飞禽、走兽等来点缀天地海洋。最後天主照自己的肖像造了人。作者从创造混沌之物说起,到创造人,表示人是万物之灵,应效法造物主工作和守安息日。此开宗明义第一章是远古时代的文学杰作,是一篇宗教的重要文告,并不是自然科学的论着。按古代各民族对天地开辟,人类诞生的传说,没有可与创世纪第一章相比拟的。「天主的神」指施生命之神力,但若通观新旧二约的全部启示,此处也指赐生命的「天主圣神」。

1:26-28
「人」按原文有红土或黄土的意思,是说人是属於土的造物。「我们」(26节)按古犹太经师的解释,是指天主和天使,好似天主同天使商量;但有些学者主张为「威严复数」或「议决复数」。教父和神学家多以为此复数暗示天主圣叁的奥理。此说若照启示的演进说是对的。人相似天主是按灵魂说的,相似天主有理智、意志和记忆。论人的肉身,当天主造亚当时,已预见作亚当第二的基督(罗5:14)。「造了一男一女」,指婚姻一夫一妻制和不可分离性(玛19:1-6;拉2:15-16)。天主祝福原祖生育繁殖的话,说明婚姻的首要目的是生养教育子女(8:17;咏127:3-4)。

1:29-31
天主造了原祖,也赐给了他们和他们传生的人类食物,并将普世交给他们统治。所造的万物样样都好,是说万物都合天主的旨意,都为他所喜爱。参阅咏19:1-6; 104; 145; 148; 150。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 2
1這樣,天地和天地間的一切點綴都完成了。 1So the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the furniture of them.
2到第七天天主造物的工程已完成,就在第七天休息,停止了所作的一切工程。 2And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made: and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had done.
3天主祝福了第七天,定為聖日,因為這一天,天主停止了他所行的一切創造工作。 3And he blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it: because in it he had rested from all his work which God created and made.
4這是創造天地的來歷:在上主天主創造天地時, 4These are the generations of the heaven and the earth, when they were created, in the day that the Lord God made the heaven and the earth:
5地上還沒有灌木,田間也沒有生出蔬菜,因為上主天主還沒有使雨降在地上,也沒有人耕種土地, 5And every plant of the field before it sprung up in the earth, and every herb of the ground before it grew: for the Lord God had not rained upon the earth; and there was not a man to till the earth.
6有從地下湧出的水浸潤所有地面。 6But a spring rose out of the earth, watering all the surface of the earth.
7上主天主用地上的灰土形成了人,在他鼻孔內吹了一口生氣,人就成了一個有靈的生物。 7And the Lord God formed man of the slime of the earth: and breathed into his face the breath of life, and man became a living soul.
8上主天主在伊甸東部種植了一個樂園,就將他形成的人安置在裡面。 8And the Lord God had planted a paradise of pleasure from the beginning: wherein he placed man whom he had formed.
9上主天主使地面生出各種好看好吃的果樹,生命樹和知善惡樹在樂園中央。 9And the Lord God brought forth of the ground all manner of trees, fair to behold, and pleasant to eat of: the tree of life also in the midst of paradise: and the tree of knowledge of good and evil.
10有一條河由伊甸流出灌溉樂園,由那裡分為四支: 10And a river went out of the place of pleasure to water paradise, which from thence is divided into four heads.
11第一支名叫丕雄,環流產金的哈威拉全境; 11The name of the one is Phison: that is it which compasseth all the land of Hevilath, where gold groweth.
12那地方的金子很好,那裡還產真珠和瑪瑙; 12And the gold of that land is very good: there is found bdellium, and the onyx stone.
13第二支河名叫基紅,環流雇士全境; 13And the name of the second river is Gehon: the same is it that compasseth all the land of Ethiopia.
14第三支河名叫底格里斯,流入亞述東部;第四支河即幼發拉的。 14And the name of the third river is Tigris: the same passeth along by the Assyrians. And the fourth river is Euphrates.
15上主天主將人安置在伊甸的樂園內,叫他耕種,看守樂園。 15And the Lord God took man, and put him into the paradise of pleasure, to dress it, and to keep it.
16上主天主給人下令說:「樂園中各樹上的果子,你都可吃, 16And he commanded him, saying: Of every tree of paradise thou shalt eat:
17只有知善惡樹上的果子你不可吃,因為那一天你吃了,必定要死。」 17But of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat. For in what day soever thou shalt eat of it, thou shalt die the death.
18上主天主說:「人單獨不好,我要給他造個與他相稱的助手。」 18And the Lord God said: It is not good for man to be alone: let us make him a help like unto himself.
19上主天主用塵土造了各種野獸和天空中的各種飛鳥,都引到人面前,看他怎樣起名;凡人給生物起的名字,就成了那生物的名字。 19And the Lord God having formed out of the ground all the beasts of the earth, and all the fowls of the air, brought them to Adam to see what he would call them: for whatsoever Adam called any living creature the same is its name.
20人遂給各種畜牲、天空中的各種飛鳥和各種野獸起了名字;但他沒有找著一個與自己相稱的助手。 20And Adam called all the beasts by their names, and all the fowls of the air, and all the cattle of the field: but for Adam there was not found a helper like himself.
21上主天主遂使人熟睡,當他睡著了,就取出了他的一根肋骨,再用肉補滿原處。 21Then the Lord God cast a deep sleep upon Adam: and when he was fast asleep, he took one of his ribs, and filled up flesh for it.
22然後上主天主用那由人取來的肋骨,形成了一個女人,引她到人前, 22And the Lord God built the rib which he took from Adam into a woman: and brought her to Adam.
23人遂說:「這才真是我的骨中之骨,肉中之肉,她應稱為「女人」,因為是由男人取出的。」 23And Adam said: This now is bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called woman, because she was taken out of man.
24為此人應離開自己的父母,依附自己的妻子,二人成為一體。 24Wherefore a man shall leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they shall be two in one flesh.
25當時,男女二人都赤身露體,並不害羞。 25And they were both naked: to wit, Adam and his wife: and were not ashamed.

注释
2:1-3
节属前章,劝人守安息日为圣日。守安息日的原因与目的,见出23:12;申5:12-15。

2:4-3:24
为创造天地万物的另一记载。原来在这记载中只用了上主(雅威)的名词,但将这个记载与上章的记载编在一起时,补入了「天主」的名词。这记载的中心为人:天主对人,人对天主的态度。关於人的来历和本性,作者用简略的话,教训人一端论宗教和文化的最高深的道理:人肉身的形成,好像其他的动物,是由尘土造成的,对於灵魂却有极大的区别,它是直接由天主所造。伊甸乐园位於何处,人不得而知。乐园是天主考验人的地方。「生命树」所象徵的是天主愿意赐给人的「不死」之恩。「知善恶的树」,是试探人的工具。「知善恶」的意思,大概是说:人一犯天主的禁令,就知道所失去的超性恩宠 真善,是多麽美善,所犯的罪恶 真恶,是如何凶恶。

2:15
说明人犯罪之前,天主已叫人应该工作。

2:18-25
本段的要义有二:一、人给动物命名,是表示人受有统治一切造物的权柄;二、从亚当的肉身形成了第一个女人,是指女人同他有一样的人性,像亚当一样是照天主的肖像受造的。夫妇结为一体,表示婚姻的结合是天主制定的,人不能拆散(玛19:5,6)。赤身不害羞,是说原祖未犯罪前纯洁无罪的状态,还未体验到罪过的恶果。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 3
1在上主天主所造的一切野獸中,蛇是最狡猾的。蛇對女人說:「天主真說了,你們不可吃樂園中任何樹上的果子嗎?」 1Now the serpent was more subtle than any of the beasts of the earth which the Lord God had made. And he said to the woman: Why hath God commanded you, that you should not eat of every tree of paradise?
2女人對蛇說:「樂園中樹上的果子,我們都可吃; 2And the woman answered him, saying: Of the fruit of the trees that are in paradise we do eat:
3只有樂園中央那棵樹上的果子,天主說過,你們不可以吃,也不可摸,免得死亡。」 3But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of paradise, God hath commanded us that we should not eat; and that we should not touch it, lest perhaps we die.
4蛇對女人說:「你們決不會死! 4And the serpent said to the woman: No, you shall not die the death.
5因為天主知道,你們那天吃了這果子,你們的眼就會開了,將如同天主一樣知道善惡。」 5For God doth know that in what day soever you shall eat thereof, your eyes shall be opened: and you shall be as Gods, knowing good and evil.
6女人看那棵果樹實在好吃好看,令人羨慕,且能增加智慧,遂摘下一個果子吃了,又給了她的男人一個,他也吃了。 6And the woman saw that the tree was good to eat, and fair to the eyes, and delightful to behold: and she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave to her husband who did eat.
7於是二人的眼立即開了,發覺自己赤身露體,遂用無花果樹葉,編了個裙子圍身。 7And the eyes of them both were opened: and when they perceived themselves to be naked, they sewed together fig leaves, and made themselves aprons.
8當亞當和他的妻子聽見了上主天主趁晚涼在樂園中散步的聲音,就躲藏在樂園的樹林中,怕見上主天主的面。 8And when they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in paradise at the afternoon air, Adam and his wife hid themselves from the face of the Lord God, amidst the trees of paradise.
9上主天主呼喚亞當對他說:「你在那裡?」 9And the Lord God called Adam, and said to him: Where art thou?
10他答說:「我在樂園中聽到了你的聲音,就害怕起來,因為我赤身露體,遂躲藏了。」 10And he said: I heard thy voice in paradise; and I was afraid, because I was naked, and I hid myself.
11天主說:「誰告訴了你,赤身露體?莫非你吃了我禁止你吃的果子?」 11And he said to him: And who hath told thee that thou wast naked, but that thou hast eaten of the tree whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldst not eat?
12亞當說:「是你給我作伴的那個女人給了我那樹上的果子,我才吃了。」 12And Adam said: The woman, whom thou gavest me to be my companion, gave me of the tree, and I did eat.
13上主天主遂對女人說:「你為什麼作了這事?」女人答說:「是蛇哄騙了我,我才吃了。」 13And the Lord God said to the woman: Why hast thou done this? And she answered: The serpent deceived me, and I did eat.
14上主天主對蛇說:「因你做了這事,你在一切畜牲和野獸中,是可咒罵的;你要用肚子爬行,畢生日日吃土。 14And the Lord God said to the serpent: Because thou hast done this thing, thou art cursed among all cattle, and beasts of the earth: upon thy breast shalt thou go, and earth shalt thou eat all the days of thy life.
15我要把仇恨放在你和女人,你的後裔和她的後裔之間,她的後裔要踏碎你的頭顱,你要傷害他的腳跟。」 15I will put enmities between thee and the woman, and thy seed and her seed: she shall crush thy head, and thou shalt lie in wait for her heel.
16後對女人說:「我要增加你懷孕的苦楚,在痛苦中生子;你要依戀你的丈夫,也要受他的管轄。」 16To the woman also he said: I will multiply thy sorrows, and thy conceptions: in sorrow shalt thou bring forth children, and thou shalt be under thy husband's power, and he shall have dominion over thee.
17後對亞當說:「因為你聽了你妻子的話,吃了我禁止你吃的果子,為了你的緣故,地成了可咒罵的;你一生日日勞苦才能得到吃食。 17And to Adam he said: Because thou hast hearkened to the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldst not eat, cursed is the earth in thy work; with labour and toil shalt thou eat thereof all the days of thy life.
18地要給你生出荊棘和蒺藜,你要吃田間的蔬菜; 18Thorns and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herbs of the earth.
19你必須汗流滿面,才有飯吃,直到你歸於土中,因為你是由土來的;你既是灰土,你還要歸於灰土。」 19In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread till thou return to the earth, out of which thou wast taken: for dust thou art, and into dust thou shalt return.
20亞當給自己的妻子起名叫厄娃,因為她是眾生的母親。 20And Adam called the name of his wife Eve: because she was the mother of all the living.
21上主天主為亞當和他的妻子做了件皮衣,給他們穿上; 21And the Lord God made for Adam and his wife, garments of skins, and clothed them.
22然後上主天主說:「看,人已相似我們中的一個,知道了善惡;如今不要讓他伸手再摘取生命樹上的果子,吃了活到永遠。」 22And he said: Behold Adam is become as one of us, knowing good and evil: now, therefore, lest perhaps he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever.
23上主天主遂把他趕出伊甸樂園,叫他耕種他所由出的土地。 23And the Lord God sent him out of the paradise of pleasure, to till the earth from which he was taken.
24天主將亞當逐出了以後,就在伊甸樂園的東面,派了「革魯賓」和刀光四射的火劍,防守到生命樹去的路。 24And he cast out Adam; and placed before the paradise of pleasure Cherubims, and a flaming sword, turning every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.

注释
3:1-24
本章记的蛇就是魔鬼。他藉蛇形诱惑了厄娃(智2:23,24;若8:44;默12:9; 20:2)。原祖所犯是骄傲背命的罪。「发觉自己赤身」,是指失去天主的宠爱和原始的纯洁。

3:9-13
天主询问时,没有询问魔鬼,只询问了亚当厄娃;但惩罚时却按罪过的原因和轻重:先是魔鬼,後是厄娃,最後是亚当(弟前2:13-15)。

3:14-19
天主的仁慈既超过了他的公义,故此他在义怒中给人类预许了人终要得胜魔鬼的诺言;因这许诺,3:15称为「原始福音」。大义是:踏碎蛇头是得胜魔鬼的象徵;「女人的後裔」虽然也指犯罪败坏的人类,但在此特别指拯救人类的新元首基督(哥1:15-18),只有他打败了魔鬼;故此圣保禄称他为「新亚当」(罗5:12-15)。魔鬼同厄娃的对白,与天使同玛利亚的对白恰恰相反:一是诱惑的对白,一是商讨救赎的对白;因此教父由第二世纪起即称玛利亚为「新厄娃」。又因她与基督的密切结合,她也踏碎了魔鬼的头颅。圣母始胎无玷的道理,由此处已露曙光(路1:26-38;默12)。

3:24
「革鲁宾」按巴比伦语有「保护者」之意(出25:18-22;则1:11)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 4
1亞當認識了自己的妻子厄娃,厄娃懷了孕,生了加音說:「我賴上主獲得了一個人。」 1And Adam knew Eve his wife: who conceived and brought forth Cain, saying: I have gotten a man through God.
2以後她生了加音的弟弟亞伯爾;亞伯爾牧羊,加音耕田。 2And again she brought forth his brother Abel. And Abel was a shepherd, and Cain a husbandman.
3有一天,加音把田地的出產作祭品獻給天主; 3And it came to pass after many days, that Cain offered, of the fruits of the earth, gifts to the Lord.
4同時亞伯爾獻上自己羊群中最肥美而又是首生的羊;上主惠顧了亞伯爾和他的祭品, 4Abel also offered of the firstlings of his flock, and of their fat: and the Lord had respect to Abel, and to his offerings.
5卻沒有惠顧加音和他的祭品;因此加音大怒,垂頭喪氣。 5But to Cain and his offerings he had no respect: and Cain was exceedingly angry, and his countenance fell.
6上主對加音說:「你為什麼發怒?為什麼垂頭喪氣? 6And the Lord said to him: Why art thou angry? and why is thy countenance fallen?
7你若做得好,豈不也可仰起頭來?你若做得不好,罪惡就伏在你門前,企圖對付你,但你應制服它。」 7If thou do well, shalt thou not receive? but if ill, shall not sin forthwith be present at the door? but the lust thereof shall be under thee, and thou shalt have dominion over it.
8事後加音對他弟弟亞伯爾說:「我們到田間去!」當他們在田間的時候,加音就襲擊了弟弟亞伯爾,將他殺死。 8And Cain said to Abel his brother: Let us go forth abroad. And when they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel, and slew him.
9上主對加音說:「你弟弟亞伯爾在那裡?」他答說:「我不知道,難道我是看守我弟弟的人?」 9And the Lord said to Cain: Where is thy brother Abel? And he answered, I know not: am I my brother's keeper?
10上主說:「你作了什麼事?聽!你弟弟的血由地上向我喊冤。 10And he said to him: What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth to me from the earth.
11你現在是地上所咒罵的人,地張開口由你手中接收了你弟弟的血, 11Now, therefore, cursed shalt thou be upon the earth, which hath opened her mouth and received the blood of thy brother at thy hand.
12從此你即使耕種,地也不會給你出產;你在地上要成個流離失所的人。」 12When thou shalt till it, it shall not yield to thee its fruit: a fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be upon the earth.
13加音對上主說:「我的罪罰太重,無法承擔。 13And Cain said to the Lord: My iniquity is greater than that I may deserve pardon.
14看你今天將我由這地面上驅逐,我該躲避你的面,在地上成了個流離失所的人;那麼凡遇見我的,必要殺我。」 14Behold thou dost cast me out this day from the face of the earth, and I shall be hidden from thy face, and I shall be a vagabond and a fugitive on the earth: every one, therefore, that findeth me, shall kill me.
15上主對他說:「決不這樣,凡殺加音的人,一定要受七倍的罰。」上主遂給加音一個記號,以免遇見他的人擊殺他。 15And the Lord said to him: No, it shall not be so: but whosoever shall kill Cain, shall be punished sevenfold. And the Lord set a mark upon Cain, that whosoever found him should not kill him.
16加音就離開上主的面,住在伊甸東方的諾得地方。 16And Cain went out from the face of the Lord, and dwelt as a fugitive on the earth, at the east side of Eden.
17加音認識了自己的妻子,她懷了孕,生了哈諾客。加音建築了一座城,即以他兒子的名字,給這城起名叫「哈諾客」。 17And Cain knew his wife, and she conceived, and brought forth Henoch: and he built a city, and called the name thereof by the name of his son Henoch.
18哈諾客生了依辣得;依辣得生了默胡雅耳;默胡雅耳生了默突沙耳;默突沙耳生了拉默客。 18And Henoch begot Irad, and Irad begot Maviael, and Maviael begot Mathusael, and Mathusael begot Lamech:
19拉默客娶了兩個妻子:一個名叫阿達,一個名叫漆拉。 19Who took two wives: the name of the one was Ada, and the name of the other Sella.
20阿達生了雅巴耳,他是住在帳幕內畜牧者的始祖。 20And Ada brought forth Jabel: who was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of herdsmen.
21他的弟弟名叫猶巴耳,他是所有彈琴吹簫者的始祖。 21And his brother's name was Jubal; he was the father of them that play upon the harp and the organs.
22同時漆拉也生了突巴耳加音,他是製造各種銅鐵器具的匠人。突巴耳加音有個姊妹名叫納阿瑪。 22Sella also brought forth Tubalcain, who was a hammerer and artificer in every work of brass and iron. And the sister of Tubalcain was Noema.
23拉默客對自己的妻子說:「阿達和漆拉傾聽我的聲音,拉默客的妻子,靜聆我的言語:因我受傷,殺了一成年;因我受損,殺了一青年; 23And Lamech said to his wives Ada and Sella: Hear my voice, ye wives of Lamech, hearken to my speech: for I have slain a man to the wounding of myself, and a stripling to my own bruising.
24殺加音的受罰是七倍,殺拉默客的是七十七倍。」 24Sevenfold vengeance shall be taken for Cain: but for Lamech seventy times sevenfold.
25亞當又認識了自己的妻子,她生了個兒子,給他起名叫舍特說:「天主又賜給了我一個兒子,代替加音殺了的亞伯爾。」 25Adam also knew his wife again: and she brought forth a son, and called his name Seth, saying: God hath given me another seed, for Abel whom Cain slew.
26舍特也生了一個兒子,給他起名叫厄諾士。那時人才開始呼求上主的名。 26But to Seth also was born a son, whom he called Enos; this man began to call upon the name of the Lord.

注释
4:1-26
「认识妻子」是表示夫妻结合的委婉语。厄娃生子後说的话意义深奥,说明天主特藉为人母者广传肖似天主的人类(加下7:26-29)。由本章证明献祭从人类起初即有了;献祭的真正价值是在於人的敬心诚意(希11:4)。

4:8-16
杀兄弟的暴行为原祖犯罪的恶果。「凡遇见我的」一句,假定除加音、亚伯尔、舍特叁人外,亚当还生了别的一些儿女。圣经只记载此叁人,因为他们的命运为叙述救赎史已够了。初民为遵从天主叫人传生人类的命令,不能不兄妹结合。但日後人类增多了,兄妹的结合为宗教与礼法所禁止。

4:18-24
此段略记加音的後代子孙,和他们的发明以及文化的初步演进。由此可知在洪水之前文明已达到了相当的程度。巴比伦史家亦主此说。拉默客是违犯一夫一妻制的第一人,违犯了婚姻一夫一妻的理想。

4:25-26
从亚当到厄诺士,人在祈祷和祭献时一定呼求天主助佑。但由厄诺士开始举行公众崇拜天主的敬礼。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 5
1以下是亞當後裔的族譜:當天主造人的時候,是按天主的肖像造的, 1This is the book of the generation of Adam. In the day that God created man, he made him to the likeness of God.
2造了一男一女,且在造他們的那一天,祝福了他們,稱他們為「人」。 2He created them male and female; and blessed them: and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created.
3亞當一百三十歲時,生了一個兒子,也像自己的模樣和肖像,給他起名叫舍特。 3And Adam lived a hundred and thirty years, and begot a son to his own image and likeness, and called his name Seth.
4亞當生舍特後,還活了八百年,生了其他的兒女。 4And the days of Adam, after he begot Seth, were eight hundred years: and he begot sons and daughters.
5亞當共活了九百三十歲死了。 5And all the time that Adam lived came to nine hundred and thirty years, and he died.
6舍特一百零五歲時,生了厄諾士。 6Seth also lived a hundred and five years, and begot Enos.
7舍特生厄諾士後,還活了八百零七年,生了其他的兒女。 7And Seth lived after he begot Enos, eight hundred and seven years, and begot sons and daughters.
8舍特共活了九百一十二歲死了。 8And all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years, and he died.
9厄諾士九十歲時生了刻南。 9And Enos lived ninety years, and begot Cainan.
10厄諾士生刻南後,還活了八百一十五年,生了其他的兒女。 10After whose birth he lived eight hundred and fifteen years, and begot sons and daughters.
11厄諾士共活了九百零五歲死了。 11And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years, and he died.
12刻南七十歲時,生了瑪拉肋耳。 12And Cainan lived seventy years, and begot Malaleel.
13刻南生瑪拉肋耳後,還活了八百四十年,生了其他的兒女。 13And Cainan lived after he begot Malaleel, eight hundred and forty years, and begot sons and daughters.
14刻南共活了九百一十歲死了。 14And all the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years, and he died.
15瑪拉肋耳六十五歲時,生了耶勒得。 15And Malaleel lived sixty-five years, and begot Jared.
16瑪拉肋耳生耶勒得後,還活了八百三十年,生了其他的兒女。 16And Malaleel lived after he begot Jared, eight hundred and thirty years, and begot sons and daughters.
17瑪拉肋耳共活了八百九十五歲死了。 17And all the days of Malaleel were eight hundred and ninety-five years, and he died.
18耶勒得一百六十二歲時,生了哈諾客。 18And Jared lived a hundred and sixty-two years, and begot Henoch.
19耶勒得生哈諾客後。還活了八百年,生了其他的兒女。 19And Jared lived after he begot Henoch, eight hundred years, and begot sons and daughters.
20耶勒得共活了九百六十二歲死了。 20And all the days of Jared were nine hundred and sixty-two years, and he died.
21哈諾客六十五歲時,生了默突舍拉。 21And Henoch lived sixty-five years, and begot Mathusala.
22哈諾客常與天主往來。哈諾客生默突舍拉後,還活了三百年,生了其他的兒女。 22And Henoch walked with God: and lived after he begot Mathusala, three hundred years, and begot sons and daughters.
23哈諾客共活了三百六十五歲。 23And all the days of Henoch were three hundred and sixty-five years.
24哈諾客時與天主往來,然後就不見了,因為天主將他提去。 24And he walked with God, and was seen no more: because God took him.
25默突舍拉一百八十七歲時,生了拉默客。 25And Mathusala lived a hundred and eighty-seven years, and begot Lamech.
26默突舍拉生了拉默客後,還活了七百八十二年,生了其他的兒女。 26And Mathusala lived after he begot Lamech, seven hundred and eighty-two years, and begot sons and daughters.
27默突舍拉共活了九百六十九歲死了。 27And all the days of Mathusala were nine hundred and sixty-nine years, and he died.
28拉默客一百八十二歲時,生了一個兒子, 28And Lamech lived a hundred and eighty-two years, and begot a son.
29給他起名叫諾厄說:「這孩子要使我們在上主詛咒的地上,在我們做的工作和勞苦上,獲得欣慰!」 29And he called his name Noe, saying: This same shall comfort us from the works and labours of our hands on the earth, which the Lord hath cursed.
30拉默客生諾厄後,還活了五百九十五年,生了其他的兒女。 30And Lamech lived after he begot Noe, five hundred and ninety-five years, and begot sons and daughters.
31拉默客共活了七百七十七歲死了。諾厄五百歲時,生了閃、含和耶斐特。
31And all the days of Lamech came to seven hundred and seventy-seven years, and he died. And Noe, when he was five hundred years old, begot Sem, Cham, and Japheth.

注释
5:1-32
本章所记为洪水前的十位祖宗,他们的长寿若与其他民族传说的古人比较,所记的年龄还不算太大。虽然如此,有关十位祖宗的年龄,是不易解决的难题。 圣经上说的年是指十二个月的年,月指廿九或叁十日的月。 上古人类是否能享如此的长寿,考古人类学至今尚未有一圆满的答案。教父和神学家提出了两个理由来解释原始人的长寿原因:一、自然环境的优良条件:即在人犯原罪之後,仍未丧失天主在造人时所赋的优良人性;二、长寿的主因是天主上智的措施,使人能迅速繁殖,并使人将天主的原始启示传於後代子孙。

5:2-3
亚当生了相似自己的子女,因为他是照天主的肖像受造的,他生儿养女,即是传生天主至尊贵的肖像於万世万代的人类。

5:18-24
论哈诺客的事,见德44:16;犹14,15;希11:5。

5:29
拉默客对诺厄的祝福是一预言。此预言在8:22; 9:8-17实现了。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 6
1當人在地上開始繁殖,生養女兒時, 1And after that men began to be multiplied upon the earth, and daughters were born to them,
2天主的兒子見人的女兒美麗,就隨意選取,作為妻子。 2The sons of God seeing the daughters of men, that they were fair, took to themselves wives of all which they chose.
3上主於是說:「因為人既屬於血肉,我的神不能常在他內;他的壽數只可到一百二十歲。」 3And God said: My spirit shall not remain in man for ever, because he is flesh, and his days shall be a hundred and twenty years.
4當天主的兒子與人的兒女結合生子時,在地上已有一些巨人,(以後也有),他們就是古代的英雄,著名的人物。 4Now giants were upon the earth in those days. For after the sons of God went in to the daughters of men, and they brought forth children, these are the mighty men of old, men of renown.
5上主見人在地上的罪惡重大,人心天天所思念的無非是邪惡; 5And God seeing that the wickedness of men was great on the earth, and that all the thought of their heart was bent upon evil at all times,
6上主遂後悔在地上造了人,心中很是悲痛。 6It repented him that he had made man on the earth. And being touched inwardly with sorrow of heart,
7上主於是說:「我要將我所造的人,連人帶野獸、爬蟲和天空的飛鳥,都由地面上消滅,因為我後悔造了他們。」 7He said: I will destroy man, whom I have created, from the face of the earth, from man even to beasts, from the creeping thing even to the fowls of the air, for it repenteth me that I have made them.
8惟有諾厄在上主眼中蒙受恩愛。 8But Noe found grace before the Lord.
9以下是諾厄的小史:諾厄是他同時代惟一正義齊全的人,常同天主往來。 9These are the generations of Noe: Noe was a just and perfect man in his generations, he walked with God.
10他生了三個兒子:就是閃、含、和耶斐特。 10And he begot three sons, Sem, Cham, and Japheth.
11大地已在天主面前敗壞,到處充滿了強暴。 11And the earth was corrupted before God, and was filled with iniquity.
12天主見大地已敗壞,因為凡有血肉的人,品行在地上全敗壞了, 12And when God had seen that the earth was corrupted (for all flesh had corrupted its way upon the earth,)
13天主遂對諾厄說:「我已決定要結果一切有血肉的人,因為他們使大地充滿了強暴,我要將他們由大地上消滅。 13He said to Noe: The end of all flesh is come before me, the earth is filled with iniquity through them, and I will destroy them with the earth.
14你要用柏木造一隻方舟,舟內建造一些艙房,內外都塗上瀝青。 14Make thee an ark of timber planks: thou shalt make little rooms in the ark, and thou shalt pitch it within and without.
15你要這樣建造:方舟要有三百肘長,五十肘寬,三十肘高。 15And thus shalt thou make it: The length of the ark shall be three hundred cubits: the breadth of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirty cubits.
16方舟上層四面做上窗戶,高一肘;門要安在側面;方舟要分為上中下三層。 16Thou shalt make a window in the ark, and in a cubit shalt thou finish the top of it: and the door of the ark thou shalt set in the side: with lower, middle chambers, and third stories shalt thou make it.
17看我要使洪水在地上氾濫,消滅天下一切有生氣的血肉;凡地上所有的都要滅亡。 17Behold I will bring the waters of a great flood upon the earth, to destroy all flesh, wherein is the breath of life, under heaven. All things that are in the earth shall be consumed.
18但我要與你立約,你以及你的兒子、妻子和兒媳,要與你一同進入方舟。 18And I will establish my covenant with thee, and thou shalt enter into the ark, thou and thy sons, and thy wife, and the wives of thy sons with thee.
19你要由一切有血肉的生物中,各帶一對,即一公一母,進入方舟,與你一同生活; 19And of every living creature of all flesh, thou shalt bring two of a sort into the ark, that they may live with thee: of the male sex, and the female.
20各種飛鳥、各種牲畜、地上所有的各種爬蟲,皆取一對同你進去,得以保存生命。 20Of fowls according to their kind, and of beasts in their kind, and of every thing that creepeth on the earth according to its kind; two of every sort shall go in with thee, that they may live.
21此外,你還應帶上各種吃用的食物,貯存起來,作你和他們的食物。」 21Thou shalt take unto thee of all food that may be eaten, and thou shalt lay it up with thee: and it shall be food for thee and them.
22諾厄全照辦了;天主怎樣吩咐了他,他就怎樣做了。 22And Noe did all things which God commanded him.

注释
6:1-4
洪水之罚是人类的败坏所引起的,这败坏的近因是因天主的儿子们娶了人的女儿们。所谓天主的儿子即恭敬天主的舍特的子孙;人的女儿即指加音不恭敬天主的子女。「我的神」此处是指天主赋於人的生活之力(2:7)。「血肉」即指易於沈湎於肉身之乐的人性。「巨人」的来历无法考定。巨人的事迹,多见於旧约中(户13:33;申3:11;撒上17;巴3:26-28等处)。此处作者并非说巨人是由天主的儿子和人的女儿所生的,而只是说当天主的儿子和人的女儿结合时,地上已有巨人。这些巨人相似那些强悍善战,不认识智慧之道的巨人(巴3:26,27)。

6:5-8
有关洪水的记载(6-8章),大概来自两种有关洪水的记述。近东古代史家编纂史书,多只穿插古文件,而对文件中互异之处,多不加修改。有关洪水的传说,古代民族大都有所记载。本书所记就结构和体裁而言,与叔默尔和巴比伦的洪水神话有很多类似之处,但根本的区别却很大,因本书中决无多神的不经之论;且本书所记是在教训世人几端道德和宗教的高深道理,如天主的正义、仁慈、召选、救恩和盟约的道理(9:1-17)。旧约的作者多以诺厄和洪水的事为天主施恩和惩罚的预像(依54:7-10;德44:17-19;智10:4)。新约多以洪水的事为公审判(玛24:37-39),或圣洗圣事的预像(伯前3:18-22)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 7
1上主對諾厄說:「你和你全家進入方舟,因為在這一世代,我看只有你在我面前正義。 1And the Lord said to him: Go in thou and all thy house into the ark: for thee I have seen just before me in this generation.
2由一切潔淨牲畜中,各取公母七對;由那些不潔淨的牲畜中,各取公母一對; 2Of all clean beasts take seven and seven, the male and the female.
3由天空的飛鳥中,也各取公母七對;好在全地面上傳種。 3But of the beasts that are unclean two and two, the male and the female. Of the fowls also of the air seven and seven, the male and the female: that seed may be saved upon the face of the whole earth.
4因為還有七天,我要在地上降雨四十天四十夜,消滅我在地面上所造的一切生物。」 4For yet a while, and after seven days, I will rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and I will destroy every substance that I have made, from the face of the earth.
5諾厄全照上主吩咐他的做了。 5And Noe did all things which the Lord had commanded him.
6當洪水在地上氾濫時,諾厄已六百歲。 6And he was six hundred years old, when the waters of the flood overflowed the earth.
7諾厄和他的兒子,他的妻子和他的兒媳,同他進了方舟,為躲避洪水。 7And Noe went in and his sons, his wife and the wives of his sons with him into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.
8潔淨的牲畜和不潔淨的牲畜,飛鳥和各種在地上爬行的動物, 8And of beasts clean and unclean, and of fowls, and of every thing that moveth upon the earth,
9一對一對地同諾厄進了方舟;都是一公一母,照天主對他所吩咐的。 9Two and two went in to Noe into the ark, male and female, as the Lord had commanded Noe.
10七天一過,洪水就在地上氾濫。 10And after the seven days were passed, the waters of the flood overflowed the earth.
11諾厄六百歲那一年,二月十七日那天,所有深淵的泉水都冒出,天上的水閘都開放了; 11In the six hundredth year of the life of Noe, in the second month, in the seventeenth day of the month, all the fountains of the great deep were broken up, and the flood gates of heaven were opened:
12大雨在地上下了四十天四十夜。 12And the rain fell upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
13正在這一天,諾厄和他的兒子閃、含、耶斐特,他的妻子和他的三個兒媳,一同進了方舟。 13In the selfsame day Noe, and Sem, and Cham, and Japheth his sons: his wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, went into the ark:
14他們八口和所有的野獸、各種牲畜、各種在地上爬行的爬蟲、各種飛禽, 14They and every beast according to its kind, and all the cattle in their kind, and every thing that moveth upon the earth according to its kind, and every fowl according to its kind, all birds, and all that fly,
15一切有生氣有血肉的,都一對一對地同諾厄進了方舟。 15Went in to Noe into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein was the breath of life.
16凡有血肉的,都是一公一母地進了方舟,如天主對諾厄所吩咐的。隨後上主關了門。 16And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the Lord shut him in on the outside.
17洪水在地上氾濫了四十天;水不斷增漲,浮起了方舟,方舟遂由地面上升起。 17And the flood was forty days upon the earth, and the waters increased, and lifted up the ark on high from the earth.
18洪水洶湧,在地上猛漲,方舟漂浮在水面上。 18For they overflowed exceedingly: and filled all on the face of the earth: and the ark was carried upon the waters.
19洪水在地上一再猛漲,天下所有的高山也都沒了頂; 19And the waters prevailed beyond measure upon the earth: and all the high mountains under the whole heaven were covered.
20洪水高出淹沒的群山十有五肘。 20The water was fifteen cubits higher than the mountains which it covered.
21凡地上行動而有血肉的生物:飛禽、牲畜、野獸,在地上爬行的爬蟲,以及所有的人全滅亡了; 21And all flesh was destroyed that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beasts, and of all creeping things that creep upon the earth: and all men.
22凡在旱地上以鼻呼吸的生靈都死了。 22And all things wherein there is the breath of life on the earth, died.
23這樣,天主消滅了在地面上的一切生物,由人以至於牲畜、爬蟲以及天空中的飛鳥,這一切都由地上消滅了,只剩下諾厄和同他在方舟內的人物。 23And he destroyed all the substance that was upon the earth, from man even to beast, and the creeping things and fowls of the air: and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noe only remained, and they that were with him in the ark.
24洪水在地上氾濫了一百五十天。 24And the waters prevailed upon the earth a hundred and fifty days.

注释
7:1-5
带进方舟的牲畜,自然洁净的多於不洁净的,因为洁净的可为食用,又可为祭献天主之用。见8:20-22;肋11。

7:10-24
据古希伯来人的宇宙观:天的上边(1:7;咏104:3-13; 148:4),地的下面都为水所包围;地下的水也叫深渊(依51:10;咏36:6;亚7:4)。关於洪水 滥的日期,17节为四十天,24节为一百五十天,大概由两种不同的文献而来。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 8
1天主想起了諾厄和同他在方舟內的一切野獸和牲畜,遂使風吹過大地,水漸漸退落; 1And God remembered Noe, and all the living creatures, and all the cattle which were with him in the ark, and brought a wind upon the earth, and the waters were abated.
2深淵的泉源和天上的水閘已關閉,雨也由天上停止降落, 2The fountains also of the deep, and the flood gates of heaven were shut up, and the rain from heaven was restrained.
3於是水逐漸由地上退去;過了一百五十天,水就低落了。 3And the waters returned from off the earth going and coming: and they began to be abated after a hundred and fifty days.
4七月十七日,方舟停在阿辣辣特山上。 4And the ark rested in the seventh month, the seven and twentieth day of the month, upon the mountains of Armenia.
5洪水繼續減退,直到十月;十月一日,許多山頂都露出來。 5And the waters were going and decreasing until the tenth month: for in the tenth month, the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains appeared.
6過了四十天,諾厄開了在方舟上做的窗戶, 6And after that forty days were passed, Noe, opening the window of the ark which he had made, sent forth a raven:
7放了一隻烏鴉;烏鴉飛去又飛回,直到地上的水都乾了。 7Which went forth and did not return, till the waters were dried up upon the earth.
8諾厄等待了七天,又放出了一隻鴿子,看看水是否已由地面退盡。 8He sent forth also a dove after him, to see if the waters had now ceased upon the face of the earth.
9但是,因為全地面上還有水,鴿子找不著落腳的地方,遂飛回方舟;諾厄伸手將牠接入方舟內。 9But she, not finding where her foot might rest, returned to him into the ark: for the waters were upon the whole earth: and he put forth his hand, and caught her, and brought her into the ark.
10再等了七天,他由方舟中又放出一隻鴿子, 10And having waited yet seven other days, he again sent forth the dove out of the ark.
11傍晚時,那隻鴿子飛回他那裡,看,嘴裡啣著一根綠的橄欖樹枝;諾厄於是知道,水已由地上退去。 11And she came to him in the evening, carrying a bough of an olive tree, with green leaves, in her mouth. Noe therefore understood that the waters were ceased upon the earth.
12諾厄又等了七天再放出一隻鴿子;這隻鴿子沒有回來。 12And he stayed yet other seven days: and he sent forth the dove, which returned not any more unto him.
13諾厄六百零一歲,正月初一,地上的水都乾了,諾厄就撤開方舟的頂觀望,看見地面已乾。 13Therefore in the six hundredth and first year, the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were lessened upon the earth, and Noe opening the covering of the ark, looked, and saw that the face of the earth was dried.
14二月二十七日,大地全乾了。 14In the second month, the seven and twentieth day of the month, the earth was dried.
15天主於是吩咐諾厄說: 15And God spoke to Noe, saying:
16「你和你的妻子、兒子及兒媳,同你由方舟出來; 16Go out of the ark, thou and thy wife, thy sons, and the wives of thy sons with thee.
17所有同你在方舟內的有血肉的生物:飛禽、牲畜和各種地上的爬蟲,你都帶出來,叫他們在地上滋生,在地上生育繁殖。」 17All living things that are with thee of all flesh, as well in fowls as in beasts, and all creeping things that creep upon the earth, bring out with thee, and go ye upon the earth: increase and multiply upon it.
18諾厄遂同他的兒子、妻子及兒媳出來; 18So Noe went out, he and his sons: his wife, and the wives of his sons with him.
19所有的爬蟲、飛禽和地上所有的動物,各依其類出了方舟。 19And all living things, and cattle, and creeping things that creep upon the earth, according to their kinds, went out of the ark.
20諾厄給上主築了一座祭壇,拿各種潔淨的牲畜和潔淨的飛禽,獻在祭壇上,作為全燔祭。 20And Noe built an altar unto the Lord: and taking of all cattle and fowls that were clean, offered holocausts upon the altar.
21上主聞到了馨香,心裡說:「我再不為人的緣故咒罵大地,因為人心的思念從小就邪惡;我也再不照我所作的打擊一切生物了, 21And the Lord smelled a sweet savour, and said: I will no more curse the earth for the sake of man: for the imagination and thought of man's heart are prone to evil from his youth: therefore I will no more destroy every living soul as I have done.
22只願大地存在之日,稼穡寒暑,冬夏晝夜,循環不息。」 22All the days of the earth, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, night and day, shall not cease.

注释
8:1-22
通观有关洪水的记载(6:5-7; 7:1-8:12) ,似乎全世界都为洪水所淹没,人类除诺厄一家外全都消灭了。但若注意近东古代史家的渲染夸大的作风,「全地」「天下」或类似的词句,仅指作者所知道的地方(创41:54,57;宗2:5等)。由此可知洪水的 滥仅是局部的,而未遍及於全世界。淹死的人也只是作者所知道的人民,而不是全人类。细察本书作者的目的,只是记载启示的历史,或天主在世建立神国的历史,所以与启示或与以色列人无关系的历史与人物一概不提。

8:13-21
由洪水之罚,作者教训人几端重要的道理:罪恶使大地回到了原始的混沌状态;罪恶连累了无灵的受造之物(6:13;罗8:19-22);方舟为圣教会的预像(伯前3:20-21);祭献的举行使人再蒙受天主的祝福;生命之可贵;天主同诺厄所立的盟约也及於天地万物。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 9
1天主祝福諾厄和他的兒子們說:「你們要滋生繁殖,充滿大地。 1And God blessed Noe and his sons. And he said to them: Increase and multiply, and fill the earth.
2地上的各種野獸,天空的各種飛鳥,地上的各種爬蟲和水中的各種游魚,都要對你們表示驚恐畏懼:這一切都已交在你們手中。 2And let the fear and dread of you be upon all the beasts of the earth, and upon all the fowls of the air, and all that move upon the earth: all the fishes of the sea are delivered into your hand.
3凡有生命的動物,都可作你們的食物;我將這一切賜給你們,有如以前賜給你們蔬菜一樣; 3And every thing that moveth and liveth shall be meat for you: even as the green herbs have I delivered them all to you:
4凡有生命,帶血的肉,你們不可吃; 4Saving that flesh with blood you shall not eat.
5並且,我要追討害你們生命的血債:向一切野獸追討,向人,向為弟兄的人,追討人命。 5For I will require the blood of your lives at the hand of every beast, and at the hand of man, at the hand of every man, and of his brother, will I require the life of man.
6凡流人血的,他的血也要為人所流,因為人是照天主的肖像造的。 6Whosoever shall shed man's blood, his blood shall be shed: for man was made to the image of God.
7你們要生育繁殖,在地上滋生繁衍。」 7But increase you and multiply, and go upon the earth, and fill it.
8天主對諾厄和他的兒子們說: 8Thus also said God to Noe, and to his sons with him,
9「看,我現在與你們和你們未來的後裔立約, 9Behold I will establish my covenant with you, and with your seed after you:
10並與同你們在一起的一切生物:飛鳥、牲畜和一切地上野獸,即凡由方舟出來的一切地上生物立約。 10And with every living soul that is with you, as well in all birds as in cattle and beasts of the earth, that are come forth out of the ark, and in all the beasts of the earth.
11我與你們立約:凡有血肉的,以後決不再受洪水湮滅,再沒有洪水來毀滅大地。」 11I will establish my covenant with you, and all flesh shall be no more destroyed with the waters of a flood, neither shall there be from henceforth a flood to waste the earth.
12天主說:「這是我在我與你們以及同你們在一起的一切生物之間,立約的永遠標記: 12And God said: This is the sign of the covenant which I give between me and you, and to every living soul that is with you, for perpetual generations.
13我把虹霓放在雲間,作我與大地之間立約的標記。 13I will set my bow in the clouds, and it shall be the sign of a covenant between me, and between the earth.
14幾時我興雲遮蓋大地,雲中要出現虹霓, 14And when I shall cover the sky with clouds, my bow shall appear in the clouds:
15那時我便想起我與你們以及各種屬血肉的生物之間所立的盟約:這樣水就不會再成為洪水,毀滅一切血肉的生物。 15And I will remember my covenant with you, and with every living soul that beareth flesh: and there shall no more be waters of a flood to destroy all flesh.
16幾時虹霓在雲間出現,我一看見,就想起在天主與地上各種屬血肉的生物之間所立的永遠盟約。」 16And the bow shall be in the clouds, and I shall see it, and shall remember the everlasting covenant, that was made between God and every living soul of all flesh which is upon the earth.
17天主對諾厄說:「這就是我在我與地上一切有血肉的生物之間,所立的盟約的標記。」 17And God said to Noe: This shall be the sign of the covenant which I have established between me and all flesh upon the earth.
18諾厄的兒子由方舟出來的,有閃、含、和耶斐特。含是客納罕的父親。 18And the sons of Noe who came out of the ark, were Sem, Cham, and Japheth: and Cham is the father of Chanaan.
19這三人是諾厄的兒子;人類就由這三人分布天下。 19These three are the sons of Noe: and from these was all mankind spread over the whole earth.
20諾厄原是農夫,遂開始種植葡萄園。 20And Noe, a husbandman, began to till the ground, and planted a vineyard.
21一天他喝酒喝醉了,就在自己的帳幕內脫去了衣服。 21And drinking of the wine was made drunk, and was uncovered in his tent.
22客納罕的父親含看見了父親赤身露體,遂去告訴外面的兩個兄弟。 22Which when Cham the father of Chanaan had seen, to wit, that his father's nakedness was uncovered, he told it to his two brethren without.
23閃和耶斐特二人於是拿了件外衣,搭在肩上,倒退著走進去,蓋上父親的裸體。他們的臉背著,沒有看見父親的裸體。 23But Sem and Japheth put a cloak upon their shoulders, and going backward, covered the nakedness of their father: and their faces were turned away, and they saw not their father's nakedness.
24諾厄醒了後,知道了小兒對他作的事, 24And Noe awaking from the wine, when he had learned what his younger son had done to him,
25就說:「客納罕是可咒罵的,給兄弟當最下賤的奴隸。」 25He said: Cursed be Chanaan, a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren.
26又說:「上主,閃的天主,應受讚美,客納罕應作他的奴隸。 26And he said: Blessed be the Lord God of Sem, be Chanaan his servant.
27願天主擴展耶斐特,使他住在閃的帳幕內;客納罕應作他的奴隸。」 27May God enlarge Japheth, and may he dwell in the tents of Sem, and Chanaan be his servant.
28洪水以後,諾厄又活了三百五十年。 28And Noe lived after the flood three hundred and fifty years:
29諾厄共活了九百五十歲死了。 29And all his days were in the whole nine hundred and fifty years: and he died.

注释
9:1-7
天主祝福他们传生人类的话,像祝福原祖一样(1:28-30)。起初天主似乎禁止人吃肉,只准吃蔬菜果品(1:29),现今都准许了,但不准吃带血的肉。按古人的思想,血是生命之所在,是生活的动力。这生命直接来自天主(申12:16-23; 15:23;肋3:17; 7:26; 17:10-14;宗15:29),为此禁止吃血。5,6两节为日後报复法的根据(户35:19;出21:23-25;申19:18-21)。

9:8-17
此段所说的盟约原是天主无条件赐恩的许诺;天主以此诺言保证自然界从今以後不再受洪水之害。虹霓的自然现象在洪水前虽已有,但从今以後当作天主诺言的保证。

9:24-27
诺厄诅咒了客纳罕而未诅咒含,一、因天主早祝福了含(1节);二、因客纳罕的後裔日後放荡无耻。闪特受祝福,因他是亚巴郎的祖宗,因亚巴郎的後裔(基督),万民将获得祝福。闪受的祝福也及於耶斐特,到新约时代也及於含和普世万民(宗2:5,9-11;路3:6)。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 10
1以下是諾厄的兒子閃、含、和耶斐特的後裔。洪水以後,他們都生了子孫。 1These are the generations of the sons of Noe: Sem, Cham, and Japheth: and unto them sons were born after the flood.
2耶斐特的子孫:哥默爾、瑪哥格、瑪待、雅汪、突巴耳、默舍客和提辣斯。 2The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Thubal, and Mosoch, and Thiras.
3哥默爾的子孫:阿市革納次、黎法特和托加爾瑪。 3And the sons of Gomer: Ascenez and Riphath and Thogorma.
4雅汪的子孫:厄里沙、塔爾史士、基廷和多丹。 4And the sons of Javan: Elisa and Tharsis, Cetthim and Dodanim.
5那些分佈於島上的民族,就是出於這些人:以上這些人按疆域、語言、宗族和國籍,都屬耶斐特的子孫。 5By these were divided the islands of the Gentiles in their lands, every one according to his tongue and their families in their nations.
6含的子孫:雇士、米茲辣殷、普特、和客納罕。 6And the sons of Cham: Chus, and Mesram, and Phuth, and Chanaan.
7雇士的子孫:色巴、哈威拉、撒貝達、辣阿瑪和撒貝特加。辣阿瑪的子孫:舍巴和德丹。 7And the sons of Chus: Saba, and Hevila, and Sabatha, and Regma, and Sabatacha. The sons of Regma: Saba and Dadan.
8雇士生尼默洛得,他是世上第一個強人。 8Now Chus begot Nemrod: he began to be mighty on the earth.
9他在上主面前是個有本領的獵人,為此有句俗話說:「如在上主面前,有本領的獵人尼默洛得。」 9And he was a stout hunter before the Lord. Hence came a proverb: Even as Nemrod the stout hunter before the Lord.
10他開始建國於巴比倫、厄勒客和阿加得,都在史納爾地域。 10And the beginning of his kingdom was Babylon, and Arach, and Achad, and Chalanne in the land of Sennaar.
11他由那地方去了亞述,建設了尼尼微、勒曷波特城、加拉 11Out of that land came forth Assur, and built Ninive, and the streets of the city, and Chale.
12和在尼尼微與加拉之間的勒森(尼尼微即是那大城)。 12Resen also between Ninive and Chale: this is the great city.
13米茲辣殷生路丁人、阿納明人、肋哈賓人、納斐突歆人、 13And Mesraim begot Ludim, and Anamim, and Laabim, Nepthuim,
14帕特洛斯人、加斯路人和加非托爾人。培肋舍特人即出自此族。 14And Phetrusim, and Chasluim; of whom came forth the Philistines, and the Capthorim.
15客納罕生長子漆冬,以後生赫特、 15And Chanaan begot Sidon, his firstborn, the Hethite,
16耶步斯人、阿摩黎人、基爾加士人、 16And the Jebusite, and the Amorrhite, and the Gergesite,
17希威人、阿爾克人、息尼人、 17The Hevite and the Aracite: the Sinite,
18阿爾瓦得人、責瑪黎人和哈瑪特人;此後,客納罕的宗族分散了, 18And the Aradian, the Samarite, and the Hamathite: and afterwards the families of the Chanaanites were spread abroad.
19以致客納罕人的邊疆,自漆冬經過革辣爾直到迦薩,又經過索多瑪、哈摩辣、阿德瑪和責波殷,直到肋沙。 19And the limits of Chanaan were from Sidon as one comes to Gerara even to Gaza, until thou enter Sodom and Gomorrha, and Adama, and Seboim even to Lesa.
20以上這些人按疆域、語言、宗族和國籍,都屬含的子孫。 20These are the children of Cham in their kindreds, and tongues, and generations, and lands, and nations.
21耶斐特的長兄,即厄貝爾所有子孫的祖先閃,也生了兒子。 21Of Sem also, the father of all the children of Heber, the elder brother of Japheth, sons were born.
22閃的子孫:厄藍、亞述、阿帕革沙得、路得和阿蘭。 22The sons of Sem: Elam and Assur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram.
23阿蘭的子孫:伍茲、胡耳、革特爾和瑪士。 23The sons of Aram: Us and Hull, and Gether, and Mess.
24阿帕革沙得生舍拉;舍拉生厄貝爾。 24But Arphaxad begot Sale, of whom was born Heber.
25厄貝爾生了兩個兒子:一個名叫培肋格,因為在他的時代世界分裂了;他的兄弟名叫約刻堂。 25And to Heber were born two sons: the name of the one was Phaleg, because in his days the earth was divided: and his brother's name Jectan.
26約刻堂生阿耳摩達得、舍肋夫、哈匝瑪委特、耶辣、 26Which Jectan begot Elmodad, and Saleph, and Asarmoth, Jare,
27哈多蘭、烏匝耳、狄刻拉、 27And Aduram, and Uzal, and Decla,
28敖巴耳、阿彼瑪耳、舍巴、 28And Ebal, and Abimael, Saba,
29敖非爾、哈威拉和約巴布:以上都是約刻堂的子孫。 29And Ophir, and Hevila, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Jectan.
30他們居住的地域,從默沙經過色法爾直到東面的山地: 30And their dwelling was from Messa as we go on as far as Sephar, a mountain in the east.
31以上這些人按疆域、語言、宗族和國籍,都屬閃的子孫: 31These are the children of Sem according to their kindreds and tongues, and countries in their nations.
32以上這些人按他們的出身和國籍,都是諾厄子孫的家族;洪水以後,地上的民族都是由他們分出來的。 32These are the families of Noe, according to their peoples and nations. By these were the nations divided on the earth after the flood.

注释
10:1-32
本章的主旨有二:一、指出希伯来人所知道的主要民族和他们的关系;二、说明以色列人在他们中的地位。此外值得注意的是:作者将民族的分布情形说明之後,将 围逐渐缩小,一直缩到以色列人的历史。作者列出诺厄的後代之後,只说闪的嫡系,再後只说特辣黑的一支。选民的始祖亚巴郎即由此支而来。

10:2-31
古地理学家多以本章民族的名单为一种极宝贵的文献。各民族的分布是:北有耶斐特的後裔,南有含的後裔,在二者之间为闪的後裔。有许多名字至今已不可考。

10:8-12
尼默洛特的故事,是上古巨人的故事之一,参见6:1-4注。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 11
1當時全世界只有一種語言和一樣的話。 1And the earth was of one tongue, and of the same speech.
2當人們由東方遷移的時候,在史納爾地方找到了一塊平原,就在那裡住下了。 2And when they removed from the east, they found a plain in the land of Sennaar, and dwelt in it.
3他們彼此說:「來,我們做磚,用火燒透。」他們遂拿磚當石,拿瀝青代灰泥。 3And each one said to his neighbour: Come, let us make brick, and bake them with fire. And they had brick instead of stones, and slime instead of mortar.
4然後彼此說:「來,讓我們建造一城一塔,塔頂摩天,好給我們作記念,免得我們在全地面上分散了!」 4And they said: Come, let us make a city and a tower, the top whereof may reach to heaven: and let us make our name famous before we be scattered abroad into all lands.
5上主遂下來,要看看世人所造的城和塔。 5And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of Adam were building.
6上主說:「看,他們都是一個民族,都說一樣的語言。他們如今就開始做這事;以後他們所想做的,就沒有不成功的了。 6And he said: Behold, it is one people, and all have one tongue: and they have begun to do this, neither will they leave off from their designs, till they accomplish them in deed.
7來,我們下去,混亂他們的語言,使他們彼此語言不通。」 7Come ye, therefore, let us go down, and there confound their tongue, that they may not understand one another's speech.
8於是上主將他們分散到全地面,他們遂停止建造那城。 8And so the Lord scattered them from that place into all lands, and they ceased to build the city.
9為此人稱那地為「巴貝耳」,因為上主在那裡混亂了全地的語言,且從那裡將他們分散到全地面。 9And therefore the name thereof was called Babel, because there the language of the whole earth was confounded: and from thence the Lord scattered them abroad upon the face of all countries.
10以下是閃的後裔:洪水後兩年,閃正一百歲,生了阿帕革沙得; 10These are the generations of Sem: Sem was a hundred years old when he begot Arphaxad, two years after the flood.
11生阿帕革沙得後,閃還活了五百年,也生了其他的兒女。 11And Sem lived after he begot Arphaxad, five hundred years, and begot sons and daughters.
12阿帕革沙得三十五歲時,生了舍拉; 12And Arphaxad lived thirty-five years, and begot Sale.
13生舍拉後,阿帕革沙得還活了四百零三年,也生了其他的兒女。 13And Arphaxad lived after he begot Sale, three hundred and three years; and begot sons and daughters.
14舍拉三十歲時,生了厄貝爾; 14Sale also lived thirty years, and begot Heber.
15生厄貝爾後,舍拉還活了四百零三年,也生了其他的兒女。 15And Sale lived after he begot Heber, four hundred and three years; and begot sons and daughters.
16厄貝爾三十四歲時,生了培肋格; 16And Heber lived thirty-four years, and begot Phaleg.
17生培肋格後,厄貝爾還活了四百三十年,也生了其他的兒女。 17And Heber lived after he begot Phaleg, four hundred and thirty years: and begot sons and daughters.
18培肋格三十歲時,生了勒伍; 18Phaleg also lived thirty years, and begot Reu.
19生勒伍後,培肋格還活了二百零九年,也生了其他的兒女。 19And Phaleg lived after he begot Reu, two hundred and nine years, and begot sons and daughters.
20勒伍三十二歲時,生了色魯格; 20And Reu lived thirty-two years, and begot Sarug.
21生色魯格後,勒伍還活了二百零七年,也生了其他的兒女。 21And Reu lived after he begot Sarug, two hundred and seven years, and begot sons and daughters.
22色魯格三十歲時,生了納曷爾; 22And Sarug lived thirty years, and begot Nachor.
23生納曷爾後,色魯格還活了二百年,也生了其他的兒女。 23And Sarug lived after he begot Nachor, two hundred years: and begot sons and daughters.
24納曷爾活到二十九歲時,生了特辣黑; 24And Nachor lived nine and twenty years, and begot Thare.
25生特辣黑後,納曷爾還活了一百一十九年,也生了其他的兒女。 25And Nachor lived after he begot Thare, a hundred and nineteen years: and begot sons and daughters.
26特辣黑七十歲時,生了亞巴郎、納曷爾和哈郎。 26And Thare lived seventy years, and begot Abram, and Nachor, and Aran.
27以下是特辣黑的後裔:特辣黑生了亞巴郎、納曷爾和哈郎;哈郎生了羅特。 27And these are the generations of Thare: Thare begot Abram, Nachor, and Aran. And Aran begot Lot.
28哈郎在他的出生地,加色丁人的烏爾,死在他父親特辣黑面前。 28And Aran died before Thare his father, in the land of his nativity in Ur of the Chaldees.
29亞巴郎和納曷爾都娶了妻子:亞巴郎的妻子名叫撒辣依;納曷爾的妻子名叫米耳加,她是哈郎的女兒;哈郎是米耳加和依色加的父親。 29And Abram and Nachor married wives: the name of Abram's wife was Sarai: and the name of Nachor's wife, Melcha, the daughter of Aran, father of Melcha, and father of Jescha.
30撒辣依不生育,沒有子女。 30And Sarai was barren, and had no children.
31特辣黑帶了自己的兒子亞巴郎和孫子,即哈郎的兒子羅特,並兒媳,即亞巴郎的妻子撒辣依,一同由加色丁的烏爾出發,往客納罕地去;他們到了哈蘭,就在那裡住下了。 31And Thare took Abram, his son, and Lot the son of Aran, his son's son, and Sarai his daughter in law, the wife of Abram his son, and brought them out of Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Chanaan: and they came as far as Haran, and dwelt there.
32特辣黑死於哈蘭,享壽二百零五歲。 32And the days of Thare were two hundred and five years, and he died in Haran.

注释
11:1-9
原祖由於骄傲违背了天主的命令,洪水以後的人类也犯了同样的罪,因此也受了天主的惩罚。再说,人由於骄傲,彼此不和,必分离四散;分离既久,语言必渐分歧。人类的合一,只有赖基督的神国方可实现(宗2:5-21;默7:9,10;若11:52)。古人所建的城和塔。既含有骄傲的意思(4-7节),因此日後的先知多以此城象徵世上的恶势力(哈1:11;依11:11;达1:2)。

11:10-26
闪族的十大祖先,相似洪水前的十大祖先(5章)。这个族谱,决不是全人类的整个历史,而只是启示历史的系统而已。

11:27-32
按作者的意思,真宗教的信仰只保存在闪族的伟大後裔亚巴郎那一支内,他是选民的始祖,众信友之父(出32:13;依51:1-2;罗4:11)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 12
1上主對亞巴郎說:「離開你的故鄉、你的家族和父家,往我指給你的地方去。 1And the Lord said to Abram: Go forth out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and out of thy father's house, and come into the land which I shall shew thee.
2我要使你成為一個大民族,我必祝福你,使你成名,成為一個福源。 2And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and magnify thy name, and thou shalt be blessed.
3我要祝福那祝福你的人,咒罵那咒罵你的人;地上萬民都要因你獲得祝福。」 3I will bless them that bless thee, and curse them that curse thee, and IN THEE shall all the kindred of the earth be blessed:
4亞巴郎遂照上主的吩咐起了身,羅特也同他一起走了。亞巴郎離開哈蘭時,已七十五歲。 4So Abram went out as the Lord had commanded him, and Lot went with him: Abram was seventy-five years old when he went forth from Haran.
5他帶了妻子撒辣依、他兄弟的兒子羅特和他在哈蘭積蓄的財物,獲得的僕婢,一同往客納罕地去,終於到了客納罕地。 5And he took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother's son, and all the substance which they had gathered, and the souls which they had gotten in Haran: and they went out to go into the land of Chanaan. And when they were come into it,
6亞巴郎經過那地,直到了舍根地摩勒橡樹區;當時客納罕人尚住在那地方。 6Abram passed through the country into the place of Sichem, as far as the noble vale: now the Chanaanite was at that time in the land.
7上主顯現給亞巴郎說:「我要將這地方賜給你的後裔。」亞巴郎就在那裡給顯現於他的上主,築了一座祭壇。 7And the Lord appeared to Abram, and said to him: To thy seed will I give this land. And he built there an altar to the Lord, who had appeared to him.
8從那裡又遷移到貝特耳東面山區,在那裡搭了帳幕,西有貝特耳,東有哈依;他在那裡又為上主築了一座祭壇,呼求上主的名。 8And passing on from thence to a mountain, that was on the east side of Bethel, he there pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east; he built there also an altar to the Lord, and called upon his name.
9以後亞巴郎漸漸移往乃革布區。 9And Abram went forward, going, and proceeding on to the south.
10其時那地方起了饑荒,亞巴郎遂下到埃及,寄居在那裡,因為那地方饑荒十分嚴重。 10And there came a famine in the country; and Abram went down into Egypt, to sojourn there: for the famine was very grievous in the land.
11當他要進埃及時,對妻子撒辣依說:「我知道你是個貌美的女人; 11And when he was near to enter into Egypt, he said to Sarai his wife: I know that thou art a beautiful woman:
12埃及人見了你,必要說:這是他的妻子;他們定要殺我,讓你活著。 12And that when the Egyptians shall see thee, they will say: She is his wife: and they will kill me, and keep thee.
13所以請你說:你是我的妹妹,這樣我因了你而必獲優待,賴你的情面,保全我的生命。」 13Say, therefore, I pray thee, that thou art my sister: that I may be well used for thee, and that my soul may live for thy sake.
14果然,當亞巴郎一到了埃及,埃及人就注意了這女人實在美麗。 14And when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians saw the woman that she was very beautiful.
15法郎的朝臣也看見了她,就在法郎前讚她美麗;這女人就被帶入法郎的宮中。 15And the princes told Pharao, and praised her before him: and the woman was taken into the house of Pharao.
16亞巴郎因了她果然蒙了優待,得了些牛羊、公驢、僕婢、母驢和駱駝。 16And they used Abram well for her sake. And he had sheep and oxen, and he asses, and men servants and maid servants, and she asses, and camels.
17但是,上主為了亞巴郎的妻子撒辣依的事,降下大難打擊了法郎和他全家。 17But the Lord scourged Pharao and his house with most grievous stripes for Sarai, Abram's wife.
18法郎遂叫亞巴郎來說:「你對我作的是什麼事?為什麼你沒有告訴我,她是你的妻子? 18And Pharao called Abram, and said to him: What is this that thou hast done to me? Why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife?
19為什麼你說:她是我的妹妹,以致我娶了她做我的妻子?現在,你的妻子在這裡,你帶她去罷!」 19For what cause didst thou say, she was thy sister, that I might take her to my wife? Now, therefore, there is thy wife, take her, and go thy way.
20法郎於是吩咐人送走了亞巴郎和他的妻子以及他所有的一切。 20And Pharao gave his men orders concerning Abram: and they led him away, and his wife, and all that he had.

注释
12:1-9
亚巴郎因坚信天主的话,遵命起身,遂蒙了天主祝福,使他的子孙成为一大民族,而且因了他子孙中所出生的默西亚,为那些效法他信德的人,亚巴郎成了他们幸福的泉源,因为他保存了真宗教和对默西亚的希望,因而万民藉默西亚得到了救赎,即如圣保禄所说:「亚巴郎的祝福在基督耶稣内能及於万民」(迦3:14;希11:8-12)。

12:10-17
亚巴郎为保护自己的生命财产的所言所行,虽不可取法,但由此可知,圣经中不拘善恶都记载下来,连圣祖的毛病罪过都一一记叙;而且圣经不但对启示的道理有所进展,而且对道德的概念也有所演进。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 13
1亞巴郎帶了妻子和他所有的一切,與羅特一同由埃及上來,往乃革布去。 1And Abram went up out of Egypt, he and his wife, and all that he had, and Lot with him, into the south.
2亞巴郎有許多牲畜和金銀。 2And he was very rich in possession of gold and silver.
3他由乃革布逐漸往貝特耳移動帳幕,到了先前他在貝特耳與哈依之間,支搭帳幕的地方, 3And he returned by the way that he came, from the south to Bethel, to the place where before he had pitched his tent between Bethel and Hai:
4亦即他先前築了祭壇,呼求上主之名的地方。 4In the place of the altar which he had made before; and there he called upon the name of the Lord.
5與亞巴郎同行的羅特,也有羊群、牛群和帳幕, 5But Lot also, who was with Abram, had flocks of sheep, and herds of beasts, and tents.
6那地方容不下他們住在一起,因為他們的產業太多,無法住在一起。 6Neither was the land able to bear them, that they might dwell together: for their substance was great, and they could not dwell together.
7牧放亞巴郎牲畜的人與牧放羅特牲畜的人,時常發生口角,──當時客納罕人和培黎齊人尚住在那裡。 7Whereupon also there arose a strife between the herdsmen of Abram and of Lot. And at that time the Chanaanite and the Pherezite dwelled in that country.
8亞巴郎遂對羅特說:「在我與你,我的牧人與你的牧人之間,請不要發生口角,因為我們是至親。 8Abram therefore said to Lot: Let there be no quarrel, I beseech thee, between me and thee, and between my herdsmen and thy herdsmen: for we are brethren.
9所有的地方不是都在你面前嗎?請你與我分開。你若往左,我就往右;你若往右,我就往左。」 9Behold the whole land is before thee: depart from me I pray thee: if thou wilt go to the left hand, I will take the right: if thou choose the right hand, I will pass to the left.
10羅特舉目看見約但河整個平原,直到左哈爾一帶全有水灌溉,──這是在上主消滅索多瑪和哈摩辣以前的事,──有如上主的樂園,有如埃及地。 10And Lot, lifting up his eyes, saw all the country about the Jordan, which was watered throughout, before the Lord destroyed Sodom and Gomorrha, as the paradise of the Lord, and like Egypt as one comes to Segor.
11羅特選了約但河的整個平原,遂向東方遷移;這樣,他們就彼此分開了: 11And Lot chose to himself the country about the Jordan, and he departed from the east: and they were separated one brother from the other.
12亞巴郎住在客納罕地;羅特住在平原的城市中,漸漸移動帳幕,直到索多瑪。 12Abram dwelt in the land of Chanaan; and Lot abode in the towns that were about the Jordan, and dwelt in Sodom.
13索多瑪人在上主面前罪大惡極。 13And the men of Sodom were very wicked, and sinners before the face of the Lord, beyond measure.
14羅特與亞巴郎分離以後,上主對亞巴郎說:「請你舉起眼來,由你所在的地方,向東西南北觀看; 14And the Lord said to Abram, after Lot was separated from him: Lift up thy eyes, and look from the place wherein thou now art, to the north and to the south, to the east and to the west.
15凡你看見的地方,我都要永遠賜給你和你的後裔。 15All the land which thou seest, I will give to thee, and to thy seed for ever.
16我要使你的後裔有如地上的灰塵;如果人能數清地上的灰塵,也能數清你的後裔。 16And I will make thy seed as the dust of the earth: if any man be able to number the dust of the earth, he shall be able to number thy seed also.
17你起來,縱橫走遍這地,因為我要將這地賜給你。」 17Arise and walk through the land in the length, and in the breadth thereof: for I will give it to thee.
18於是亞巴郎移動了帳幕,來到赫貝龍的瑪默勒橡樹區居住,在那裡給上主築了一座祭壇。 18So Abram removing his tent came and dwelt by the vale of Mambre, which is in Hebron: and he built there an altar to the Lord.

注释
13:1-18
论及亚巴郎的宽宏大量,金口圣若望说:「长辈对晚辈,老者对少年的罗特,叔父对侄子,言谈有如兄弟,如平辈,让侄子任意选择」。本章给予的教训是:罗特喜爱优裕的生活,没有躲避恶劣的环境,而遭受了重罚;亚巴郎的慷慨却受到了厚报。当知本章为18:20-21; 19:4-19的前奏。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 14
1那時史納爾王阿默辣斐耳,厄拉撒爾王阿黎約客,厄藍王革多爾老默爾,哥因王提達耳, 1And it came to pass at that time, that Amraphel king of Sennaar, and Arioch king of Pontus, and Chodorlahomor king of the Elamites, and Thadal king of nations,
2興兵攻擊索多瑪王貝辣,哈摩辣王彼爾沙,阿德瑪王史納布,責波殷王舍默貝爾及貝拉即左哈爾王。 2Made war against Bara king of Sodom, and against Bersa king of Gomorrha, and against Sennaab king of Adama, and against Semeber king of Seboim, and against the king of Bala, which is Segor.
3那些王子會合於息丁山谷,即今日的鹽海。 3All these came together into the woodland vale, which now is the salt sea.
4他們十二年之久隸屬於革多爾老默爾,在十三年上就背叛了。 4For they had served Chodorlahomor twelve years, and in the thirteenth year they revolted from him.
5在十四年上,革多爾老默爾率領與他聯盟的君王前來,在阿市塔特卡爾納殷擊敗了勒法因,在哈木擊敗了組斤,在克黎雅塔殷平原擊敗了厄明, 5And in the fourteenth year came Chodorlahomor, and the kings that were with him: and they smote the Raphaim in Astarothcarnaim, and the Zuzim with them, and the Emim in Save of Cariathaim.
6在曷黎人的色依爾山擊敗了曷黎人,一直殺到靠近曠野的厄耳帕蘭; 6And the Chorreans in the mountains of Seir, even to the plains of Pharan, which is in the wilderness.
7然後回軍轉到恩米市帕特,即卡德士,征服了阿瑪肋克人的全部領土,也征服了住在哈匝宗塔瑪爾的阿摩黎人。 7And they returned, and came to the fountain of Misphat, the same is Cades: and they smote all the country of the Amalecites, and the Amorrhean that dwelt in Asasonthamar.
8索多瑪王哈摩辣王,阿德瑪王,責波殷王和貝拉即左哈爾王於是出來,在息丁山谷列陣, 8And the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrha, and the king of Adama, and the king of Seboim, and the king of Bala, which is Segor, went out: and they set themselves against them in battle array in the woodland vale:
9與厄藍王革多爾老默爾,哥因王提達耳,史納爾王阿默辣斐耳和厄拉撒爾王阿黎約客交戰:四個王子敵對五個王子。 9To wit, against Chodorlahomor king of the Elamites, and Thadal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Sennaar, and Arioch king of Pontus: four kings against five.
10息丁山谷遍地是瀝青坑;索多瑪王和哈摩辣王逃跑時都跌在坑裡;其餘的人都逃到山裡去了。 10Now the woodland vale had many pits of slime. And the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrha turned their backs and were overthrown there: and they that remained fled to the mountain.
11那四個王子劫走了索多瑪和哈摩辣所有的財物和一切食糧, 11And they took all the substance of the Sodomites, and Gomorrhites, and all their victuals, and went their way:
12連亞巴郎兄弟的兒子羅特和他的財物也帶走了,因為那時他正住在索多瑪。 12And Lot also, the son of Abram's brother, who dwelt in Sodom, and his substance.
13有個逃出的人跑來,將這事告訴了希伯來人亞巴郎,他那時住在阿摩黎人瑪默勒的橡樹區;這阿摩黎人原是亞巴郎的盟友厄市苛耳和阿乃爾的兄弟。 13And behold one that had escaped told Abram the Hebrew, who dwelt in the vale of Mambre the Amorrhite, the brother of Escol, and the brother of Aner: for these had made league with Abram.
14亞巴郎一聽說他的親人被人擄去,遂率領家中的步兵三百一十八人,直追至丹。 14Which when Abram had heard, to wit, that his brother Lot was taken, he numbered of the servants born in his house, three hundred and eighteen well appointed: and pursued them to Dan.
15夜間又和自己的僕人分隊襲擊,將他們擊敗,直追至大馬士革以北的曷巴, 15And dividing his company, he rushed upon them in the night: and defeated them, and pursued them as far as Hoba, which is on the left hand of Damascus.
16奪回了所有的財物,連他的親屬羅特和他的財物,以及婦女和人民都奪回來了。 16And he brought back all the substance, and Lot his brother, with his substance, the women also and the people.
17亞巴郎擊敗革多爾老默爾和與他聯盟的王子回來時,索多瑪王出來,到沙委山谷,即「君王山谷」迎接他。 17And the king of Sodom went out to meet him, after he returned from the slaughter of Chodorlahomor, and of the kings that were with him in the vale of Save, which is the king's vale.
18撒冷王默基瑟德也帶了餅酒來,他是至高者天主的司祭, 18But Melchisedech the king of Salem, bringing forth bread and wine, for he was the priest of the most high God,
19祝福他說:「願亞巴郎蒙受天地的主宰,至高者天主的祝福! 19Blessed him, and said: Blessed be Abram by the most high God, who created heaven and earth.
20願將你的敵人交於你手中的至高者的天主受讚美!」亞巴郎遂將所得的,拿出十分之一,給了默基瑟德。 20And blessed be the most high God, by whose protection the enemies are in thy hands. And he gave him the tithes of all.
21索多瑪王對亞巴郎說:「請你將人交給我,財物你都拿去罷!」 21And the king of Sodom said to Abram: Give me the persons, and the rest take to thyself.
22亞巴郎卻對索多瑪王說:「我向上主、至高者天主、天地的主宰舉手起誓: 22And he answered him: I lift up my hand to the Lord God the most high, the possessor of heaven and earth,
23凡屬於你的,連一根線,一根鞋帶,我也不拿,免得你說:我使亞巴郎發了財。 23That from the very woof thread unto the shoe latchet, I will not take of any things that are thine, lest thou say I have enriched Abram:
24除僕從吃用了的以外,我什麼也不要;至於與我同行的人阿乃爾、厄市苛耳和瑪默勒所應得的一分,應讓他們拿去。」 24Except such things as the young men have eaten, and the shares of the men that came with me, Aner, Escol, and Mambre: these shall take their shares.

注释
14:1-16
本段所记一定是根据了一段很古的文献。从前的史家多以为阿默辣斐耳是古巴比伦着名的帝王哈慕辣彼;但近来的史家已不主此说。史家都以为本章所述的史事,很适合公元前十九世纪近东各国的情况。创的作者把此段插入本章,愿意显示亚巴郎在客纳罕已蒙受了天主的祝福,成为一位有力量的酋长;愿说明他对罗特的宽容大量,尤其愿说明他要成为众信友之父,同未来真宗教的中心耶路撒冷所有的关系。为了这些原故,他受了耶路撒冷王兼司祭的祝福。

14:18
撒冷即耶路撒冷(咏76:3; 110:4)。默基瑟德虽不属於亚巴郎的家族,但和他有同样的信仰。身兼君王和司祭的默基瑟德是为君王为司祭的默西亚的预像,因他所献的饼酒预兆了新约的圣礼祭献(希7:1-28)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 15
1這些事以後,有上主的話在神視中對亞巴郎說:「亞巴郎,你不要怕,我是你的盾牌;你得的報酬必很豐厚!」 1Now when these things were done, the word of the Lord came to Abram by a vision, saying: Fear not, Abram, I am thy protector, and thy reward exceeding great.
2亞巴郎說:「我主上主!你能給我什麼?我一直沒有兒子;繼承我家業的是大馬士革人厄里厄則爾。」 2And Abram said: Lord God, what wilt thou give me? I shall go without children: and the son of the steward of my house is this Damascus Eliezer.
3亞巴郎又說:「你既沒有賜給我後裔,那麼只有一個家僕來作我的承繼人。」 3And Abram added: But to me thou hast not given seed: and lo my servant, born in my house, shall be my heir.
4有上主的話答覆他說:「這人決不會是你的承繼人,而是你親生的要做你的承繼人。」 4And immediately the word of the Lord came to him, saying: He shall not be thy heir: but he that shall come out of thy bowels, him shalt thou have for thy heir.
5上主遂領他到外面說:「請你仰觀蒼天,數點星辰,你能夠數清嗎?」繼而對他說:「你的後裔也將這樣。」 5And he brought him forth abroad, and said to him: Look up to heaven and number the stars, if thou canst. And he said to him: So shall thy seed be.
6亞巴郎相信了上主,上主就以此算為他的正義。 6Abram believed God, and it was reputed to him unto justice.
7上主又對他說:「我是上主,我從加色丁人的烏爾領你出來,是為將這地賜給你作為產業。」 7And he said to him: I am the Lord who brought thee out from Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land, and that thou mightest possess it.
8亞巴郎說:「我主上主!我如何知道我要佔有此地為產業?」 8But he said: Lord God, whereby may I know that I shall possess it?
9上主對他說:「你給我拿來一隻三歲的母牛,一隻三歲的母山羊,一隻三歲的公綿羊,一隻斑鳩和一隻雛鴿。」 9And the Lord answered, and said: Take me a cow of three years old, and a she goat of three years, and a ram of three years, a turtle also, and a pigeon.
10亞巴郎便把這一切拿了來,每樣從中剖開,將一半與另一半相對排列,只有飛鳥沒有剖開。 10And he took all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid the two pieces of each one against the other; but the birds he divided not.
11有鷙鳥落在獸屍上,亞巴郎就把牠們趕走。 11And the fowls came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.
12太陽快要西落時,亞巴郎昏沉地睡去,忽覺陰森萬分,遂害怕起來。 12And when the sun was setting, a deep sleep fell upon Abram, and a great and darksome horror seized upon him.
13上主對亞巴郎說:「你當知道,你的後裔必要寄居在異邦,受人奴役虐待四百年之久。 13And it was said unto him: Know thou beforehand that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land not their own, and they shall bring them under bondage, and afflict them four hundred years.
14但是,我要親自懲罰他們所要服事的民族;如此你的後裔必要帶著豐富的財物由那裡出來。 14But I will judge the nation which they shall serve, and after this they shall come out with great substance.
15至於你,你要享受高壽,以後平安回到你列祖那裡,被人埋葬。 15And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace, and be buried in a good old age.
16到了第四代,他們必要回到這裡,因為阿摩黎人的罪惡至今尚未滿貫。」 16But in the fourth generation they shall return hither: for as yet the iniquities of the Amorrhites are not at the full until this present time.
17當日落天黑的時候,看,有冒煙的火爐和燃著的火炬,由那些肉塊間經過。 17And when the sun was set, there arose a dark mist, and there appeared a smoking furnace and a lamp of fire passing between those divisions.
18在這一天,上主與亞巴郎立約說:「我要賜給你後裔的這土地,是從埃及河直到幼發拉的河, 18That day God made a covenant with Abram, saying: To thy seed will I give this land, from the river of Egypt even to the great river Euphrates.
19就是刻尼人、刻納次人、卡德摩尼人、 19The Cineans and Cenezites, the Cedmonites,
20赫特人、培黎齊人、勒法因人、 20And the Hethites, and the Pherezites, the Raphaim also,
21阿摩黎人、客納罕人、基爾加士人和耶步斯人的土地。」 21And the Amorrhites, and the Chanaanites, and the Gergesites, and the Jebusites.

注释
15:1-11
天主早已应许亚巴郎子孙有如繁星,要将客纳罕地赐给他们(13:14-17);但他至今无子,又到处漂泊,天主遂又重复所许;他纵已年老,妻子又不生育,还是坚信了天主的话,因此天主使他成义(罗4;迦3:6-9;希11:11-12;雅2:23)。又为嘉许他的信德,就同他立了约。这约不是双方的结盟,而是天主单方面的恩赐。天主立约所规定的祭献,似乎是古时立约的仪式(耶34:18)。

15:13-16
此预言叫亚巴郎明白,向他的子孙预许的不只是幸福,而也有苦难。「四百年」出12:41作「四百叁十年」。这种差异是本书作者喜用成数的原故。

15:17
冒烟冒火是天主亲临的表示(出3:2; 13:21),保证天主既许必践。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 16
1亞巴郎的妻子撒辣依,沒有給他生孩子,她有個埃及婢女,名叫哈加爾。 1Now Sarai the wife of Abram, had brought forth no children; but having a handmaid, an Egyptian, named Agar,
2撒辣依就對亞巴郎說:「請看,上主既使我不能生育,你可去親近我的婢女,或許我能由她得到孩子。」亞巴郎就聽了撒辣依的話。 2She said to her husband: Behold, the Lord hath restrained me from bearing: go in unto my handmaid, it may be I may have children of her at least. And when he agreed to her request,
3亞巴郎住在客納罕地十年後,亞巴郎的妻子撒辣依將自己的埃及婢女哈加爾,給了丈夫亞巴郎做妾。 3She took Agar the Egyptian her handmaid, ten years after they first dwelt in the land of Chanaan, and gave her to her husband to wife.
4亞巴郎自從同哈加爾親近,哈加爾就懷了孕;她見自己懷了孕;就看不起自己的主母。 4And he went in to her. But she, perceiving that she was with child, despised her mistress.
5撒辣依對亞巴郎說:「我受羞辱是你的過錯。我將我的婢女放在你懷裡,她一見自己懷了孕,便看不起我。願上主在我與你之間來判斷!」 5And Sarai said to Abram: Thou dost unjustly with me: I gave my handmaid into thy bosom, and she perceiving herself to be with child, despiseth me. The Lord judge between me and thee.
6亞巴郎對撒辣依說:「你的婢女是在你手中;你看怎樣好,就怎樣待她罷!」於是撒辣依就虐待她,她便由撒辣依面前逃跑了。 6And Abram made answer, and said to her: Behold thy handmaid is in thy own hand, use her as it pleaseth thee. And when Sarai afflicted her, she ran away.
7上主的使者在曠野的水泉旁,即在往叔爾道上的水泉旁,遇見了她, 7And the angel of the Lord having found her, by a fountain of water in the wilderness, which is in the way to Sur in the desert,
8對她說:「撒辣依的婢女哈加爾!你從那裡來,要往那裡去?」她答說:「我由我主母撒辣依那裡逃出來的。」 8He said to her: Agar, handmaid of Sarai, whence comest thou? and whither goest thou? And she answered: I flee from the face of Sarai, my mistress.
9上主的使者對她說:「你要回到你主母那裡,屈服在她手下。」 9And the angel of the Lord said to her: Return to thy mistress, and humble thyself under her hand.
10上主的使者又對她說:「我要使你的後裔繁衍,多得不可勝數。」 10And again he said: I will multiply thy seed exceedingly, and it shall not be numbered for multitude.
11上主的使者再對她說:「看,你已懷孕,要生個兒子;要給他起名叫依市瑪耳,因為上主俯聽了你的苦訴。 11And again: Behold, said he, thou art with child, and thou shalt bring forth a son: and thou shalt call his name Ismael, because the Lord hath heard thy affliction.
12他將來為人,像頭野驢;他要反對眾人,眾人也要反對他;他要衝著自己的眾兄弟支搭帳幕。」 12He shall be a wild man: his hand will be against all men, and all men's hands against him: and he shall pitch his tents over against all his brethren.
13哈加爾遂給那對她說話的上主起名叫「你是看顧人的天主」,因為她說:「我不是也看見了那看顧人的天主嗎?」 13And she called the name of the Lord that spoke unto her: Thou the God who hast seen me. For she said: Verily here have I seen the hinder parts of him that seeth me.
14為此她給那井起名叫拉海洛依井。這井是在卡德士與貝勒得之間。 14Therefore she called that well, The well of him that liveth and seeth me. The same is between Cades and Barad.
15哈加爾給亞巴郎生了一個兒子,亞巴郎給哈加爾所生的兒子,起名叫依市瑪耳。 15And Agar brought forth a son to Abram: who called his name Ismael.
16哈加爾給亞巴郎生依市瑪耳時,亞巴郎已八十六歲。 16Abram was four score and six years old when Agar brought him forth Ismael.

注释
16:1-2
撒辣依把婢女给亚巴郎作妾生子一事,原是近东古俗(30:1-6,9-31) ,参见哈慕辣彼法典。

16:7-11
「天主的使者」(初见本章内)是指天主自己(16:13; 22:11;出3:2;民2:1),人既然不能见到天主,更不能接近,因为人见了天主必死无疑,因此天主为就和人的软弱,藉天使的形像显现。古人的这种思想表示承认天主的超越性。教父多以为「上主的天使」,是天主的圣言,即要降生成人的圣子。

16:12-13
「野驴」的比喻直指依市玛耳,但也暗示他强悍的後裔阿剌伯人。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 17
1亞巴郎九十九歲時,上主顯現給他,對他說:「我是全能的天主,你當在我面前行走,作個成全的人。 1And after he began to be ninety and nine years old, the Lord appeared to him: and said unto him: I am the Almighty God: walk before me, and be perfect.
2我要與你立約,使你極其繁盛。」 2And I will make my covenant between me and thee: and I will multiply thee exceedingly.
3亞巴郎遂俯伏在地;天主又對他說: 3Abram fell flat on his face.
4「看,是我與你立約:你要成為萬民之父; 4And God said to him: I AM, and my covenant is with thee, and thou shalt be a father of many nations.
5以後,你不再叫做亞巴郎,要叫做亞巴辣罕,因為我已立定你為萬民之父, 5Neither shall thy name be called any more Abram: but thou shalt be called Abraham: because I have made thee a father of many nations.
6使你極其繁衍,成為一大民族,君王要由你而出。 6And I will make thee increase, exceedingly, and I will make nations of thee, and kings shall come out of thee.
7我要在我與你和你歷代後裔之間,訂立我的約,當作永久的約,就是我要做你和你後裔的天主。 7And I will establish my covenant between me and thee, and between thy seed after thee in their generations, by a perpetual covenant: to be a God to thee, and to thy seed after thee.
8我必將你現今僑居之地,即客納罕全地,賜給你和你的後裔做永久的產業;我要作他們的天主。」 8And I will give to thee, and to thy seed, the land of thy sojournment, all the land of Chanaan for a perpetual possession, and I will be their God.
9天主又對亞巴郎說:「你和你的後裔,世世代代應遵守我的約。 9Again God said to Abraham: And thou therefore shalt keep my covenant, and thy seed after thee in their generations.
10這就是你們應遵守的,在我與你們以及你的後裔之間所立的約:你們中所有的男子都應受割損。 10This is my covenant which you shall observe, between me and you, and thy seed after thee: All the male kind of you shall be circumcised:
11你們都應割去肉體上的包皮,作為我與你們之間的盟約的標記。 11And you shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin, that it may be for a sign of the covenant between me and you.
12你們中世世代代所有的男子,在生後八日都應受割損;連家中生的,或是用錢買來而不屬你種族的外方人,都應受割損。 12An infant of eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations: he that is born in the house, as well as the bought servant shall be circumcised, and whosoever is not of your stock:
13凡在你家中生的,和你用錢買來的奴僕,都該受割損。這樣,我的約刻在你們肉體上作為永久的約。 13And my covenant shall be in your flesh for a perpetual covenant.
14凡未割去包皮,未受割損的男子,應由民間剷除;因他違犯了我的約。」 14The male, whose flesh of his foreskin shall not be circumcised, that soul shall be destroyed out of his people: because he hath broken my covenant.
15天主又對亞巴郎說:「你的妻子撒辣依,你不要再叫她撒辣依,而要叫她撒辣。 15God said also to Abraham: Sarai thy wife thou shalt not call Sarai, but Sara.
16我必要祝福她,使她也給你生個兒子。我要祝福她,使她成為一大民族,人民的君王要由她而生。 16And I will bless her, and of her I will give thee a son, whom I will bless, and he shall become nations, and kings of people shall spring from him.
17亞巴郎遂俯伏在地笑起來,心想:「百歲的人還能生子嗎?撒辣已九十歲,還能生子?」 17Abraham fell upon his face, and laughed, saying in his heart: Shall a son, thinkest thou, be born to him that is a hundred years old? and shall Sara that is ninety years old bring forth?
18亞巴郎對天主說:「只望依市瑪耳在你面前生存就夠了!」 18And he said to God: O that Ismael may live before thee.
19天主說:「你的妻子撒辣確要給你生個兒子,你要給他起名叫依撒格;我要與他和他的後裔,訂立我的約當作永久的約。 19And God said to Abraham: Sara thy wife shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name Isaac, and I will establish my covenant with him for a perpetual covenant, and with his seed after him.
20至於依市瑪耳,我也聽從你;我要祝福他,使他繁衍,極其昌盛。他要生十二個族長,我要使他成為一大民族。 20And as for Ismael I have also heard thee. Behold, I will bless him, and increase, and multiply him exceedingly: he shall beget twelve chiefs, and I will make him a great nation.
21但是我的約,我要與明年此時撒辣給你生的依撒格訂立。」 21But my covenant I will establish with Isaac, whom Sara shall bring forth to thee at this time in the next year.
22天主同亞巴郎說完話,就離開他上升去了。 22And when he had left off speaking with him, God went up from Abraham.
23當天,亞巴郎就照天主所吩咐的,召集他的兒子依市瑪耳以及凡家中生的,和用錢買來的奴僕,即自己家中的一切男子,割去了他們肉體上的包皮。 23And Abraham took Ismael his son, and all that were born in his house: and all whom he had bought, every male among the men of his house: and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskin forthwith the very same day, as God had commanded him.
24亞巴郎受割損時,已九十九歲; 24Abraham was ninety and nine years old, when he circumcised the flesh of his foreskin.
25他的兒子,依市瑪耳受割損時,是十三歲。 25And Ismael his son was full thirteen years old at the time of his circumcision.
26亞巴郎和他的兒子依市瑪耳在同日上受了割損。 26The selfsame day was Abraham circumcised and Ismael his son.
27他家中所有的男人,不論是家中生的,或是由外方人那裡用錢買來的奴僕,都與他一同受了割損。 27And all the men of his house, as well they that were born in his house, as the bought servants and strangers were circumcised with him.

注释
17:1-9
天主更改亚巴郎和他妻子的名字(5和15节),表示喊他们名字的,要记得他们是万民真福之源,万民都要因因亚巴郎获得祝福(12:1-3;依51:2)从本章6节亚巴郎一名应作「亚贝辣罕」,但因亚巴郎一名已习用,故不改。

17:10-14
割损礼在亚巴郎之前已为许多民族所通行;当时此礼只表示男子已成人,可以结婚。但天主给亚巴郎和他的後代子孙所制定的,是男孩生後第八日应行割损。此割损礼为以色列人具有一种宗教的深意:即藉此礼以色列的男子加入天主的选民,从此他们有遵守法律的义务(出12:44;肋12:3;苏5:2-8)。本章前段所提的盟约,并非真正的盟约,只是天主赐恩的好意。连割损也不是盟约,而是天主定的章程,作为盟约的标记。以色列人多以为受了割损礼,即成了亚巴郎之子孙,必受祝福。因此梅瑟和先知常强调心灵的割损(申10:12-22;肋26:41;耶4:4; 9:24-26;则44:7)。新约以割损为圣洗的预像(斐3:3;哥2:11;伯前3:21)。

17:15-22
从此圣经少记依市玛耳而多叙依撒格的事,更证明本书的体例以选民为正统,不涉及选民以外的事。见8:1-22 注释。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 18
1天正熱的時候,亞巴郎坐在帳幕門口,上主在瑪默勒橡樹林那裡,給他顯現出來。 1And the Lord appeared to him in the vale of Mambre as he was sitting at the door of his tent, in the very heat of the day.
2他舉目一望,見有三人站在對面。他一見就由帳幕門口跑去迎接他們,俯伏在地, 2And when he had lifted up his eyes, there appeared to him three men standing near him: and as soon as he saw them he ran to meet them from the door of his tent, and adored down to the ground.
3說:「我主如果我蒙你垂愛,請你不要由你僕人這裡走過去, 3And he said: Lord, if I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away from thy servant:
4我叫人拿點水來,洗洗你們的腳,然後在樹下休息休息。 4But I will fetch a little water, and wash ye your feet, and rest ye under the tree.
5你們既然路過你僕人這裡,等我拿點餅來,吃點點心,然後再走。」他們答說:「就照你所說的做罷!」 5And I will set a morsel of bread, and strengthen ye your heart, afterwards you shall pass on: for therefore are you come aside to your servant. And they said: Do as thou hast spoken.
6亞巴郎趕快進入帳幕,到撒辣前說:「你快拿三斗細麵,和一和,作些餅。」 6Abraham made haste into the tent to Sara, and said to her: Make haste, temper together three measures of flour, and make cakes upon the hearth.
7遂又跑到牛群中,選了一頭又嫩又肥的牛犢,交給僕人,要他趕快煮好。 7And he himself ran to the herd, and took from thence a calf very tender and very good, and gave it to a young man: who made haste and boiled it.
8亞巴郎遂拿了凝乳和牛奶,及預備好了的牛犢,擺在他們面前;他們吃的時候,自己在樹下侍候。 8He took also butter and milk, and the calf which he had boiled, and set before them: but he stood by them under the tree.
9他們對他說:「你的妻子撒辣在那裡?」他答說:「在帳幕裡。」 9And when they had eaten, they said to him: Where is Sara thy wife? He answered: Lo, she is in the tent.
10其中一位說:「明年此時我必回到你這裡,那時,你的妻子撒辣要有一個兒子。」撒辣其時正在那人背後的帳幕門口竊聽。 10And he said to him: I will return and come to thee at this time, life accompanying and Sara thy wife shall have a son. Which when Sara heard, she laughed behind the door of the tent.
11亞巴郎和撒辣都已年老,年紀很大,而且撒辣的月經早已停止。 11Now they were both old, and far advanced in years, and it had ceased to be with Sara after the manner of women.
12撒辣遂心裡竊笑說:「現在,我已衰老,同我年老的丈夫,還有這喜事嗎?」 12And she laughed secretly, saying: After I am grown old and my lord is an old man, shall I give myself to pleasure?
13上主對亞巴郎說:「撒辣為什麼笑?且說:像我這樣老,真的還能生育? 13And the Lord said to Abraham: Why did Sara laugh, saying: Shall I who am an old woman bear a child indeed?
14為上主豈有難事?明年這時,我必要回到你這裡,那時撒辣必有一個兒子。」 14Is there any thing hard to God? According to appointment I will return to thee at this same time, life accompanying, and Sara shall have a son.
15撒辣害怕了,否認說:「我沒有笑。」但是那位說:「不,你實在笑了。」 15Sara denied, saying: I did not laugh: for she was afraid. But the Lord said, Nay: but thou didst laugh:
16後來那三人由那裡起身,望著索多瑪前行;亞巴郎送他們,也一同前行。 16And when the men rose up from thence, they turned their eyes towards Sodom: and Abraham walked with them, bringing them on the way.
17上主說:「我要作的事,豈能瞞著亞巴郎? 17And the Lord said: Can I hide from Abraham what I am about to do:
18因為他要成為一強大而又興盛的民族,地上所有的民族,都要因他蒙受祝福; 18Seeing he shall become a great and mighty nation, and in him all the nations of the earth shall be blessed?
19何況我揀選了他,是要他訓令自己的子孫和未來的家族,保持上主的正道,實行公義正道,好使上主能實現他對亞巴郎所許的事。」 19For I know that he will command his children, and his household after him to keep the way of the Lord, and do judgment and justice: that for Abraham's sake the Lord may bring to effect all the things he hath spoken unto him.
20上主於是說:「控告索多瑪和哈摩辣的聲音實在很大,他們的罪惡實在深重! 20And the Lord said: The cry of Sodom and Gomorrha is multiplied, and their sin is become exceedingly grievous.
21我要下去看看,願意知道:是否他們所行的全如達到我前的呼聲一樣。」 21I will go down and see whether they have done according to the cry that is come to me: or whether it be not so, that I may know.
22三人中有二人轉身向索多瑪走去;亞巴郎卻仍立在上主面前。 22And they turned themselves from thence, and went their way to Sodom: but Abraham as yet stood before the Lord.
23亞巴郎近前來說:「你真要將義人同惡人一起消滅嗎? 23And drawing nigh he said: Wilt thou destroy the just with the wicked?
24假如城中有五十個義人,你還要消滅嗎?不為其中的那五十個義人,赦免那地方嗎? 24If there be fifty just men in the city, shall they perish withal? and wilt thou not spare that place for the sake of the fifty just, if they be therein?
25你決不能如此行事,將義人同惡人一併誅滅;將義人如惡人一樣看待,你決不能!審判全地的主,豈能不行公義?」 25Far be it from thee to do this thing, and to slay the just with the wicked, and for the just to be in like case as the wicked, this is not beseeming thee: thou who judgest all the earth, wilt not make this judgment.
26上主答說:「假如我在索多瑪城中找出了五十個義人,為了他們我要赦免整個地方。」 26And the Lord said to him: If I find in Sodom fifty just within the city, I will spare the whole place for their sake.
27亞巴郎接著說: 27And Abraham answered, and said: Seeing I have once begun, I will speak to my Lord, whereas I am dust and ashes.
28「我雖只是塵埃灰土,膽敢再對我主說:假如五十個義人中少了五個怎樣?你就為了少五個而毀滅全城嗎?」他答說:「假如我在那裡找到四十五個,我不毀滅。」 28What if there be five less than fifty just persons? wilt thou for five and forty destroy the whole city? And he said: I will not destroy it, if I find five and forty.
29亞巴郎再向他進言說:「假如在那裡找到四十個怎樣?」他答說:「為了這四十個我也不做這事。」 29And again he said to him: But if forty be found there, what wilt thou do? He said: I will not destroy it for the sake of forty.
30亞巴郎說:「求我主且勿動怒,容我再進一言:假如在那裡找到三十個怎樣?」他答說:「假如在那裡我找到三十個,我也不做這事。」 30Lord, saith he, be not angry, I beseech thee, if I speak: What if thirty shall be found there? He answered: I will not do it, if I find thirty there.
31亞巴郎說:「我再放膽對我主進一言:假如在那裡找到二十個怎樣?」他答說:「為了這二十個,我也不毀滅。」 31Seeing, saith he, I have once begun, I will speak to my Lord. What if twenty be found there? He said: I will not destroy it for the sake of twenty.
32亞巴郎說:「求我主且勿動怒,容我最後一次進言:假如在那裡找到十個怎樣?」他答說:「為了這十個我也不毀滅。」 32I beseech thee, saith he, be not angry, Lord, if I speak yet once more: What if ten should be found there? And he said: I will not destroy it for the sake of ten.
33上主向亞巴郎說完話就走了;亞巴郎也回家去了。 33And the Lord departed, after he had left speaking to Abraham: and Abraham returned to his place.

注释
18:1-33
本段所述似乎是亚巴郎见的一种神视。叁位旅客中有一位是天主(17节),另两位为天使(19:1)。教父多以这叁位为天主圣叁的预像。由天主预许撒辣生子的事,证明天主的全能和他任意的召选。

18:9-15
论述撒辣老年生子的事,亦见於希11:11;罗4:19-21。

18:22
因亚巴郎能「立在上主面前」,故被人称为「天主的朋友」。由此可知他在天主前转求的能力是多麽大。

18:23-33
由天主同亚巴郎之间的对话,证明圣者的祈祷有多大的效能;此外尚有梅瑟(出17:11;户21:7)、厄里亚(列上18:36)、亚毛斯(7:1)、耶肋米亚(14:19; 37:3; 42:2;加下15:12-16)。圣教会依赖圣人的转达即基於此,见雅5:16-18;宗7:60。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 19
1黃昏時,那兩位使者來到了索多瑪,羅特正坐在索多瑪城門口,他一看見他們,就起身前去迎接,俯伏在地, 1And the two angels came to Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting in the gate of the city. And seeing them, he rose up and went to meet them: and worshipped prostrate to the ground,
2說:「請二位先生下到你們僕人家中住一夜,洗洗你們的腳;明天早起,再趕你們的路。」他們答說:「不,我們願在街上過宿。」 2And said: I beseech you, my lords, turn in to the house of your servant, and lodge there: wash your feet, and in the morning you shall go on your way. And they said: No, but we will abide in the street.
3但因羅特極力邀請,他們才轉身跟著進了他的家。羅特為他們備辦了宴席,烤了無酵餅;他們就吃了。 3He pressed them very much to turn in unto him: and when they were come into his house, he made them a feast, and baked unleavened bread and they ate:
4他們尚未就寢,閤城的人,即索多瑪男人,不論年輕年老的,沒有例外,全都來圍住他的家, 4But before they went to bed, the men of the city beset the house both young and old, all the people together.
5向羅特喊說:「今晚來到你這裡的那兩個男人在那裡?給我們領出來,叫我們好認識他們。」 5And they called Lot, and said to him: Where are the men that came in to thee at night? bring them out hither that we may know them:
6羅特就出來,隨手關上門,到門口見他們, 6Lot went out to them, and shut the door after him, and said:
7說:「我的弟兄們!請你們切不可作惡。 7Do not so, I beseech you, my brethren, do not commit this evil.
8看,我有兩個女兒,尚未認識過男人,容我領出她們來,任憑你們對待她們;只是這兩個男人,既然來到舍下,請你們不要對他們行事。」 8I have two daughters who as yet have not known man: I will bring them out to you, and abuse you them as it shall please you, so that you do no evil to these men, because they are come in under the shadow of my roof.
9他們反說:「滾開!」繼而說:「來這裡的這個外方人,居然做起判官來!現在我們待你比他們還要厲害。」他們遂用力向羅特衝去,一齊向前要打破那門。 9But they said: Get thee back thither. And again: Thou camest in, said they, as a, stranger, was it to be a judge? therefore we will afflict thee more than them. And they pressed very violently upon Lot: and they were even at the point of breaking open the doors.
10那兩個人卻伸出手來,將羅特拉進屋內,關上了門; 10And behold the men put out their hand, and drew in Lot unto them, and shut the door:
11又使那些在屋門口的男人,無論大小都迷了眼,找不著門口。 11And them that were without, they struck with blindness from the least to the greatest, so that they could not find the door.
12那兩個人對羅特說:「你這裡還有什麼人?帶你的女婿、兒女,以及城中你所有的人,離開這地方, 12And they said to Lot: Hast thou here any of thine? son in law, or sons, or daughters, all that are thine bring them out of this city:
13因為我們要毀滅這地方;由於在上主面前控告他們的聲音實在大,所以上主派遣我們來毀滅這地方。」 13For we will destroy this place, because their cry is grown loud before the Lord, who hath sent us to destroy them.
14羅特遂出去,告訴要娶他女兒的兩個女婿說:「起來,離開這地方,因為上主要毀滅這城!」但他的兩個女婿卻以為他在開玩笑。 14So Lot went out, and spoke to his sons in law that were to have his daughters, and said: Arise: get you out of this place, because the Lord will destroy this city. And he seemed to them to speak as it were in jest.
15天一亮,兩位使者就催促羅特說:「起來,快領你的妻子和你這裡的兩個女兒逃走,免得你因這城的罪惡同遭滅亡。」 15And when it was morning, the angels pressed him, saying: Arise, take thy wife, and the two daughters which thou hast: lest thou also perish in the wickedness of the city.
16羅特仍遲延不走;但因為上主憐恤他,那兩個人就拉著他的手,他妻子的和他兩個女兒的手領出城外。 16And as he lingered, they took his hand, and the hand of his wife, and of his two daughters, because the Lord spared him.
17二人領他們到城外,其中一個說:「快快逃命,不要往後看,也不要在平原任何地方站住;該逃往山中,免得同遭滅亡。」 17And they brought him forth, and set him without the city: and there they spoke to him, saying: Save thy life: look not back, neither stay thou in all the country about: but save thyself in the mountain, lest thou be also consumed.
18羅特對他們說:「啊!不,我主! 18And Lot said to them: I beseech thee my Lord,
19你僕人既蒙你垂愛,又蒙你大顯仁慈,得以保全我的性命;但是現在我不能逃往山中,怕遇見災禍死去。 19Because thy servant hath found grace before thee, and thou hast magnified thy mercy, which thou hast shewn to me, in saving my life, and I cannot escape to the mountain, lest some evil seize me, and I die:
20看這座城很近,容我逃往那裡,那只是一座小城;請容我逃往那裡;那不只是一座小城嗎?在那裡我可保全性命。」 20There is this city here at hand, to which I may flee, it is a little one, and I shall be saved in it: is it not a little one, and my soul shall live?
21其中一個對他說:「好罷!連在這事上我也顧全你的臉面,我必不消滅你提及的這座城。 21And he said to him: Behold also in this, I have heard thy prayers, not to destroy the city for which thou hast spoken.
22你趕快逃往那裡,因為你不到那裡,我不能行事。」為此那城稱為左哈爾。 22Make haste and be saved there, because I cannot do any thing till thou go in thither. Therefore the name of that city was called Segor.
23羅特到了左哈爾時,太陽已升出地面; 23The sun was risen upon the earth, and Lot entered into Segor.
24上主遂使硫磺和火,從天上上主那裡,降於索多瑪和哈摩辣, 24And the Lord rained upon Sodom and Gomorrha brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven.
25毀滅了這幾座城市和整個平原,以及城中所有的居民和地上的草木。 25And he destroyed these cities, and all the country about, all the inhabitants of the cities, and all things that spring from the earth.
26羅特的妻子因回頭觀看,立即變為鹽柱。 26And his wife looking behind her, was turned into a statue of salt.
27亞巴郎清晨起來,到了以前他立在上主面前的地方, 27And Abraham got up early in the morning and in the place where he had stood before with the Lord,
28向索多瑪和哈摩辣,以及整個平原一帶眺望,看見那地煙火上騰,有如燒窯一般。 28He looked towards Sodom and Gomorrha, and the whole land of that country: and he saw the ashes rise up from the earth as the smoke of a furnace.
29當天主毀滅平原諸城,消滅羅特所住的城市時,想起了亞巴郎,由滅亡中救了羅特。 29Now when God destroyed the cities of that country, remembering Abraham, he delivered Lot out of the destruction of the cities wherein he had dwelt.
30羅特因為怕住在左哈爾,便與他的兩個女兒離開左哈爾,上了山住在那裡;他和兩個女兒同住在一個山洞裡。 30And Lot went up out of Segor, and abode in the mountain, and his two daughters with him, (for he was afraid to stay in Segor,) and he dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters with him.
31長女對幼女說:「我們的父親已經老了,地上又沒有男人依照世界上的禮俗來與我們親近。 31And the elder said to the younger Our father is old, and there is no man left on the earth, to come in unto us after the manner of the whole earth.
32來讓我們用酒將父親灌醉,與他同睡:這樣我們可由父親傳生後代。」 32Come, let us make him drunk with wine, and let us lie with him, that we may preserve seed of our father.
33那天夜裡,她們就用酒將父親灌醉;長女遂進去與父親同睡;女兒幾時臥下,幾時起來,他都不知道。 33And they made their father drink wine that night: and the elder went in and lay with her father: but he perceived not neither when his daughter lay down, nor when she rose up.
34第二天,長女對幼女說:「看,昨夜我與父親同睡了,今夜我們再用酒灌醉他,你好進去與他同睡,由我們的父親傳生後代。」 34And the next day the elder said to the younger: Behold I lay last night with my father, let us make him drink wine also to night, and thou shalt lie with him, that we may save seed of our father.
35那天夜裡,她們又用酒將父親灌醉,幼女遂進去與他同睡;女兒幾時臥下,幾時起來,他都不知道。 35They made their father drink wine that night also, and the younger daughter went in, and lay with him: and neither then did he perceive when she lay down, nor when she rose up.
36這樣,羅特的兩個女兒都由父親懷了孕。 36So the two daughters of Lot were with child by their father.
37長女生了一個兒子,給他起名叫摩阿布,是現今摩阿布人的始祖; 37And the elder bore a son, and she called his name Moab: he is the father of the Moabites unto this day.
38幼女也生了一個兒子,給他起名叫本阿米,是現今阿孟子民的始祖。 38The younger also bore a son, and she called his name Ammon, that is, the son of my people: he is the father of the Ammonites unto this day.

注释
19:1-29
此段述罗特优待旅客胜过保护女儿贞洁之事。他住在恶劣的环境中,勉作义人实在难得(伯後2:6-9)。索多玛人所犯的是逆性男色之罪(肋18:22; 20:13-23;罗1:26-27)。圣经常把严罚五城之事,提出来警告後人(申29:22;依1:9; 13:19;耶49:18; 50:40;亚4:11;智10:6-7;玛10:15; 11:23-24;路17:28;伯後2:6;犹7)。

19:15-26
除索多玛及哈摩辣两城外,同时被毁者尚有阿得玛和责波殷(14:2;申29:22;欧11:8);左哈尔因罗特逃入得免。

19:30-38
作者为避免摩阿布和阿孟人因罗特同亚巴郎的亲属关系,而自夸为以色列人的亲属,遂插入此段乱伦的事,说明他们的祖宗既违背了伦常(肋18:6-18),与亚巴郎的亲戚关系,毫无荣誉可言。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 20
1亞巴郎從那裡遷往乃革布地,定居在卡德士和叔爾之間。當他住在革辣爾時, 1Abraham removed from thence to the south country, and dwelt between Cades and Sur, and sojourned in Gerara.
2亞巴郎一論到他的妻子撒辣就說:「她是我的妹妹。」革辣爾王阿彼默肋客於是派人來取了撒辣去。 2And he said of Sara his wife: She is my sister. So Abimelech the king of Gerara sent, and took her.
3但是夜間,天主在夢中來對阿彼默肋客說:「為了你取來的那個女人你該死,因為她原是有夫之婦。」 3And God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and he said to him: Lo thou shalt die for the woman thou hast taken: for she hath a husband.
4阿彼默肋客尚未接近她,於是說:「我主!連正義的人你也殺害嗎? 4Now Abimelech had not touched her, and he said: Lord, wilt thou slay a nation, that is ignorant and just?
5那男人不是對我說過「她是我的妹妹」嗎?連她自己也說「他是我的哥哥。」我做了這事,是出於心正手潔呀!」 5Did not he say to me: She is my sister: and she say, He is my brother? in the simplicity of my heart, and cleanness of my hands have I done this.
6天主在夢中對他說:「我也知道,你是出於心正做了這事,所以我阻止了你犯罪得罪我,也沒有讓你接觸她。 6And God said to him: And I know that thou didst it with a sincere heart: and therefore I withheld thee from sinning against me, and I suffered thee not to touch her.
7現在你應將女人還給那人,因為他是一位先知,他要為你轉求,你才可生存;倘若你不歸還,你該知道:你以及凡屬於你的,必死無疑。」 7Now therefore restore the man his wife, for he is a prophet: and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: but if thou wilt not restore her, know that thou shalt surely die, thou and all that are thine.
8阿彼默肋客很早就起來召集了眾臣僕,將全部實情告訴給他們聽;這些人都很害怕。 8And Abimelech forthwith rising up in the night, called all his servants: and spoke all these words in their hearing, and all the men were exceedingly afraid.
9然後阿彼默肋客叫了亞巴郎來,對他說:「你對我們作的是什麼事?我在什麼事上得罪了你,竟給我和我的王國招來了這樣大的罪過?你對我作了不應該作的事。」 9And Abimelech called also for Abraham, and said to him: What hast thou done to us? what have we offended thee in, that thou hast brought upon me and upon my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done to us what thou oughtest not to do.
10阿彼默肋客繼而對亞巴郎說:「你作這事,究有什麼意思?」 10And again he expostulated with him, and said, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this?
11亞巴郎答說:「我以為在這地方一定沒有人敬畏天主,人會為了我妻子的緣故殺害我。 11Abraham answered: I thought with myself, saying: Perhaps there is not the fear of God in this place: and they will kill me for the sake of my wife:
12何況她實在是我的妹妹,雖不是我母親的女兒,卻是我父親的女兒;後來做了我的妻子。 12Howbeit, otherwise also she is truly my sister, the daughter of my father, and not the daughter of my mother, and I took her to wife.
13當天主叫我離開父家,在外飄流的時候,我對她說:我們無論到什麼地方,你要說我是你的哥哥,這就是你待我的大恩。」 13And after God brought me out of my father's house, I said to her: Thou shalt do me this kindness: In every place, to which we shall come, thou shalt say that I am thy brother.
14阿彼默肋客把些牛羊奴婢,送給了亞巴郎,也將他的妻子撒辣歸還了他; 14And Abimelech took sheep and oxen, and servants and handmaids, and gave to Abraham: and restored to him Sara, his wife.
15然後對他說:「看,我的土地盡在你面前,你願住在那裡,就住在那裡。」 15And said: The land is before you, dwell wheresoever it shall please thee.
16繼而對撒辣說:「看,我給了你哥哥一千銀子,作為你在闔家人前的遮羞錢;這樣,各方面無可指摘。」 16And to Sara he said: Behold I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: this shall serve thee for a covering of thy eyes to all that are with thee, and whithersoever thou shalt go: and remember thou wast taken.
17亞巴郎懇求了天主,天主就醫好了阿彼默肋客,他的妻子和他的眾婢女,使她們都能生育, 17And when Abraham prayed, God healed Abimelech and his wife, and his handmaids, and they bore children:
18因為上主為了亞巴郎妻子撒辣的事,關閉了阿彼默肋客家中所有婦女的子宮。 18For the Lord had closed up every womb of the house of Abimelech on account of Sara, Abraham's wife.

注释
20:1-18
本章所记与12:10-20相似,但不能证明这两种记载是一回事。古时既有抢妻杀夫的恶习,亚巴郎遂同撒辣有此约定,好保全性命(13节)。天主藉梦警告或指示世人,常见於本书,如15:12; 28:12; 31:24; 37:5; 40-41。称亚巴郎为先知(7节),说明他是天主与人间的中保,也说明他同天主的密切关系。

20:11-13
同父异母的兄妹结婚的事,亚巴郎时代尚许可,但以後却为法律所禁止(肋18:9-11;申27:22;则22:11)。

20:14-18
王给撒辣的巨款,是为赔偿她名誉的损失。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 21
1上主照所許的,眷顧了撒辣;上主對撒辣實踐了他所說的話。 1And the Lord visited Sara, as he had promised: and fulfilled what he had spoken.
2撒辣懷了孕,在天主所許的時期,給年老的亞巴郎生了一個兒子。 2And she conceived and bore a son in her old age, at the time that God had foretold her.
3亞巴郎為撒辣給他所生的兒子,起名叫依撒格。 3And Abraham called the name of his son, whom Sara bore him, Isaac.
4生後第八天,亞巴郎照天主所吩咐的給自己的兒子依撒格行了割損。 4And he circumcised him the eighth day, as God had commanded him,
5他兒子依撒格誕生時,亞巴郎正一百歲; 5When he was a hundred years old: for at this age of his father was Isaac born.
6為此撒辣說:「天主使我笑,凡聽見的也要與我一同笑。」 6And Sara said: God hath made a laughter for me: whosoever shall hear of it will laugh with me.
7又說:「誰能告訴亞巴郎,撒辣要哺養兒子呢?可是我在他老年,卻給他生了個兒子。」 7And again she said: Who would believe that Abraham should hear that Sara gave suck to a son, whom she bore to him in his old age.
8孩子漸漸長大,斷了乳;在依撒格斷乳的那天,亞巴郎擺了盛宴。 8And the child grew and was weaned: and Abraham made a great feast on the day of his weaning.
9撒辣見那埃及女人哈加爾給亞巴郎生的兒子,戲笑自己的兒子依撒格, 9And when Sara had seen the son of Agar the Egyptian playing with Isaac her son, she said to Abraham:
10就對亞巴郎說:「你該趕走這婢女和她的兒子,因為這婢女的兒子不能和我的兒子依撒格一同承受家業。」 10Cast out this bondwoman, and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with my son Isaac.
11亞巴郎為了他這兒子的事很是苦惱。 11Abraham took this grievously for his son.
12但天主對亞巴郎說:「你不必為這孩子和你的婢女苦惱;凡撒辣對你說的,你都可聽從,因為只有藉依撒格你的名才能傳後。 12And God said to him: Let it not seem grievous to thee for the boy, and for thy bondwoman: in all that Sara hath said to thee, hearken to her voice: for in Isaac shall thy seed be called.
13至於這婢女的兒子,我也要使他成為一大民族,因為他也是你的孩子。」 13But I will make the son also of the bondwoman a great nation, because he is thy seed.
14第二天,亞巴郎清早起來,拿了餅和一皮囊水,交給哈加爾,放在她肩上,又將孩子交給她,打發她走了。她一路前行,在貝爾舍巴曠野迷失了路。 14So Abraham rose up in the morning, and taking bread and a bottle of water, put it upon her shoulder, and delivered the boy, and sent her away. And she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Bersabee.
15那時皮囊裡的水已用盡,她把孩子丟在一堆小樹下, 15And when the water in the bottle was spent, she cast the boy under one of the trees that were there.
16自己走開,在約離一箭之遠的對面坐下,自言自語說:「我不忍見這孩子夭折。」就坐在對面放聲大哭。 16And she went her way, and sat over against him a great way off as far as a bow can carry, for she said: I will not see the boy die: and sitting over against, she lifted up her voice and wept.
17天主聽見孩子啼哭,天主的使者由天上呼喚哈加爾說:「哈加爾!你有什麼事?不要害怕,因為天主已聽見孩子在那裡的哭聲。 17And God heard the voice of the boy: and an angel of God called to Agar from heaven, saying: What art thou doing, Agar? fear not: for God hath heard the voice of the boy, from the place wherein he is.
18起來,去扶起孩子來,用手攙著他,因為我要使他成為一大民族。」 18Arise, take up the boy, and hold him by the hand: for I will make him a great nation.
19天主於是開了她的眼,她看見了一口水井,遂去將皮囊灌滿了水,給孩子喝。 19And God opened her eyes: and she saw a well of water, and went and filled the bottle, and gave the boy to drink.
20天主與孩子同在,他漸漸長大,住在曠野,成了個弓手。 20And God was with him: and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became a young man, an archer.
21他住在帕蘭曠野;他母親由埃及地給他娶了一個妻子。 21And he dwelt in the wilderness of Pharan, and his mother took a wife for him out of the land of Egypt.
22那時阿彼默肋客同他的司令非苛耳對亞巴郎說:「在你所作的一切事上,天主常與你同在。 22At the same time Abimelech, and Phicol the general of his army said to Abraham: God is with thee in all that thou dost.
23現在你在這裡要指著天主對我起誓:總不要虧待我和我的子子孫孫。我怎樣厚待了你,你也要怎樣厚待我和你寄居的地方。」 23Swear therefore by God, that thou wilt not hurt me, nor my posterity, nor my stock: but according to the kindness that I have done to thee, thou shalt do to me, and to the land wherein thou hast lived a stranger.
24亞巴郎回答說:「我願起誓。」 24And Abraham said: I will swear.
25亞巴郎為了阿彼默肋客的僕人霸佔了一口水井,就責斥阿彼默肋客。 25And he reproved Abimelech for a well of water, which his servants had taken away by force.
26阿彼默肋客回答說:「我不知道誰作了這事,你也沒有通知我,我到今天才聽說。」 26And Abimelech answered: I knew not who did this thing: and thou didst not tell me, and I heard not of it till today.
27亞巴郎遂把牛羊交給阿彼默肋客,二人互相立了約。 27And Abraham took sheep and oxen and gave them to Abimelech: and both of them made a league.
28亞巴郎又將羊群中七隻母羔羊,另放在一邊。 28And Abraham set apart seven ewe lambs of the flock.
29阿彼默肋客問亞巴郎說:「將這七隻母羔羊另放在一邊,請問有什麼意思?」 29And Abimelech said to him: What mean these seven ewe lambs which thou hast set apart?
30他答說:「你要由我手中接受這七隻母羔羊,作我挖了這口水井的憑據。」 30But he said: Thou shalt take seven ewe lambs at my hand: that they may be a testimony for me, that I dug this well.
31因為他們二人在那裡起了誓,為此那地方叫做貝爾舍巴。 31Therefore that place was called Bersabee: because there both of them did swear.
32他們在貝爾舍巴立了約,阿彼默肋客同他的司令非苛耳起身回培肋舍特地去了。 32And they made a league for the well of oath.
33亞巴郎在貝爾舍巴栽了一株檉柳,在那裡呼求了上主,永恒天主的名。 33And Abimelech, and Phicol the general of his army arose and returned to the land of the Palestines. But Abraham planted a grove in Bersabee, and there called upon the name of the Lord God eternal.
34亞巴郎在培肋舍特人地內住了許久。 34And he was a sojourner in the land of the Palestines many days.

注释
21:1-8
依撒格的诞生是天主所预许的(17:19;18:10-14),亚巴郎即遵照天主的命令,第八天给他行了割损(17:12)。

21:9-13
天主所拣选的亚巴郎的继承人是依撒格,而不是依市玛耳。对此召选的深意,参见迦4:22-31;罗9:7;希11:17-19。

21:14-21
依市玛耳因是「天主的朋友」亚巴郎的儿子,也蒙天主祝福,成了一强大民族(阿剌伯)的始祖。

21:31
贝尔舍巴即「誓约井」之意。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 22
1這些事以後,天主試探亞巴郎說:「亞巴郎!」他答說:「我在這裡。」 1After these things, God tempted Abraham, and said to him: Abraham, Abraham. And he answered: Here I am.
2天主說:「帶你心愛的獨生子依撒格往摩黎雅地方去,在我所要指給你的一座山上,將他獻為全燔祭。」 2He said to him: Take thy only begotten son Isaac, whom thou lovest, and go into the land of vision: and there thou shalt offer him for an holocaust upon one of the mountains which I will shew thee.
3亞巴郎次日清早起來,備好驢,帶了兩個僕人和自己的兒子依撒格,劈好為全燔祭用的木柴,就起身往天主指給他的地方去了。 3So Abraham rising up in the night, saddled his ass: and took with him two young men, and Isaac his son: and when he had cut wood for the holocaust he went his way to the place which God had commanded him.
4第三天,亞巴郎舉目遠遠看見了那個地方, 4And on the third day, lifting up his eyes, he saw the place afar off.
5就對僕人說:「你們同驢在這裡等候,我和孩子要到那邊去朝拜,以後就回到你們這裡來。」 5And he said to his young men: Stay you here with the ass: I and the boy will go with speed as far as yonder, and after we have worshipped, will return to you.
6亞巴郎將為全燔祭用的木柴,放在兒子依撒格的肩上,自己手中拿著刀和火,兩人一同前行。 6And he took the wood for the holocaust, and laid it upon Isaac his son: and he himself carried in his hands fire and a sword. And as they two went on together,
7路上依撒格對父親亞巴郎說:「阿爸!」他答說:「我兒,我在這裡。」依撒格說:「看,這裡有火有柴,但是那裡有作全燔祭的羔羊?」 7Isaac said to his father: My father. And he answered: What wilt thou, son? Behold, saith he, fire and wood: where is the victim for the holocaust?
8亞巴郎答說:「我兒!天主自會照料作全燔祭的羔羊。」於是二人再繼續一同前行。 8And Abraham said: God will provide himself a victim for an holocaust, my son. So they went on together.
9當他們到了天主指給他的地方,亞巴郎便在那裡築了一座祭壇,擺好木柴,將兒子依撒格捆好,放在祭壇上的木柴上。 9And they came to the place which God had shewn him, where he built an altar, and laid the wood in order upon it: and when he had bound Isaac his son, he laid him on the altar upon the pile of wood.
10亞巴郎正伸手舉刀要宰獻自己的兒子時, 10And he put forth his hand and took the sword, to sacrifice his son.
11上主的使者從天上對他喊說:「亞巴郎!亞巴郎!」他答說:「我在這裡。」 11And behold an angel of the Lord from heaven called to him, saying: Abraham, Abraham. And he answered: Here I am.
12使者說:「不可在這孩子身上下手,不要傷害他!我現在知道你實在敬畏天主,因為你為了我竟連你的獨生子也不顧惜。」 12And he said to him: Lay not thy hand upon the boy, neither do thou any thing to him: now I know that thou fearest God, and hast not spared thy only begotten son for my sake.
13亞巴郎舉目一望,見有一隻公綿羊,兩角纏在灌木中,遂前去取了那隻公綿羊,代替自己的兒子,獻為全燔祭。 13Abraham lifted up his eyes, and saw behind his back a ram amongst the briers sticking fast by the horns, which he took and offered for a holocaust instead of his son.
14亞巴郎給那地方起名叫「上主自會照料」。直到今日人還說:「在山上,上主自會照料。」 14And he called the name of that place, The Lord seeth. Whereupon even to this day it is said: In the mountain the Lord will see.
15上主的使者由天上又呼喚亞巴郎說: 15And the angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven, saying:
16「我指自己起誓,──上主的斷語,──因為你作了這事,沒有顧惜你的獨生子, 16By my own self have I sworn, saith the Lord: because thou hast done this thing, and hast not spared thy only begotten son for my sake:
17我必多多祝福你,使你的後裔繁多,如天上的星辰,如海邊的沙粒。你的後裔必佔領他們仇敵的城門; 17I will bless thee, and I will multiply thy seed as the stars of heaven, and as the sand that is by the sea shore: thy seed shall possess the gates of their enemies.
18地上萬民要因你的後裔蒙受祝福,因為你聽從了我的話。」 18And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed, because thou hast obeyed my voice.
19亞巴郎回到自己僕人那裡,一同起身回了貝爾舍巴,遂住在貝爾舍巴。 19Abraham returned to his young men, and they went to Bersabee together, and he dwelt there.
20這些事以後,有人告訴亞巴郎說:「米耳加也給你的兄弟納曷爾生了兒子: 20After these things, it was told Abraham that Melcha also had borne children to Nachor his brother.
21長子伍茲,他的弟弟步次、阿蘭的父親刻慕耳、 21Hus the firstborn, and Buz his brother, and Camuel the father of the Syrians,
22革色得、哈左、丕耳達士、依德拉夫和貝突耳:── 22And Cased, and Azau, and Pheldas, and Jedlaph,
23貝突耳生了黎貝加,──這八人都是米耳加給亞巴郎的兄弟納曷爾生的兒子。 23And Bathuel, of whom was born Rebecca: These eight did Melcha bear to Nachor Abraham's brother.
24此外他的妾,名叫勒烏瑪的,給他生了特巴黑、加罕、塔哈士和瑪阿加。 24And his concubine, named Roma, bore Tabee, and Gaham, and Tahas, and Maacha.

注释
22:1-19
这篇感动人心的记录,说明:一、天主试探亚巴郎,为彰显他的德行;二、斥责当时客纳罕人所献人祭之非;叁、亚巴郎遵命祭杀爱子,和依撒格甘心顺命,是天主爱世人交出独子耶稣,和耶稣甘心从命救赎人类的预像(希11:17-19)。摩黎雅山按编下3:1的记载,也许就是撒罗满在其上修建圣殿的山。14节的意思是谓:天主看到人的急需必加以照顾。

22:20-24
此段记亚巴郎兄弟纳曷尔的家谱,因为依撒格的妻子黎贝加出生於他家(24章)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 23
1撒辣一生的壽數是一百二十歲。 1And Sara lived a hundred and twenty-seven years.
2撒辣死在客納罕地的克黎雅特阿爾巴,即赫貝龍。亞巴郎來舉哀哭弔撒辣; 2And she died in the city of Arbee which is Hebron, in the land of Chanaan: and Abraham came to mourn and weep for her.
3然後從死者面前起來,對赫特人說道: 3And after he rose up from the funeral obsequies, he spoke to the children of Heth, saying:
4「我在你們中是個外鄉僑民,請你們在這裡賣給我一塊墳地,我好將我的死者移去埋葬。」 4I am a stranger and sojourner among you: give me the right of a burying place with you, that I may bury my dead.
5赫特人答覆亞巴郎說: 5The children of Heth answered, saying:
6「先生,請聽:你在我們中是天主的寵臣,你可在我們最好的墳地埋葬你的死者,我們沒有人會拒絕你,在他的墳地內埋葬你的死者。」 6My Lord, hear us, thou art a prince of God among us: bury thy dead in our principal sepulchres: and no man shall have power to hinder thee from burying thy dead in his sepulchre.
7亞巴郎遂起來,向當地人民赫特人下拜, 7Abraham rose up, and bowed down to the people of the land, to wit the children of Heth:
8然後對他們說:「如果你們實在願意我將死者移去埋葬,請你們答應我,為我請求祚哈爾的兒子厄斐龍, 8And said to them: If it please your soul that I should bury my dead, hear me, and intercede for me to Ephron the son of Seor.
9要他賣給我他那塊田地盡頭所有的瑪革培拉山洞;要他按實價在你們面前賣給我,作為私有墳地。」 9That he may give me the double cave, which he hath in the end of his field: for as much money as it is worth he shall give it me before you, for a possession of a burying place.
10當時,厄斐龍也坐在赫特人中間。這赫特人厄斐龍遂在聚於城門口的赫特人面前,高聲答覆亞巴郎說: 10Now Ephron dwelt in the midst of the children of Heth. And Ephron made answer to Abraham in the hearing of all that went in at the gate of the city, saying:
11「先生,不要這樣。請聽我說:我送給你這塊田,連其中的山洞,也送給你。我願在我同族的人民眼前送給你,埋葬你的死者。」 11Let it not be so, my lord, but do thou rather hearken to what I say: The field I deliver to thee, and the cave that is therein, in the presence of the children of my people, bury thy dead.
12亞巴郎又在當地人民面前下拜, 12Abraham bowed down before the people of the land,
13然後對當地人民高聲向厄斐龍說:「假如你樂意,請你聽我說:我願給你地價,你收下後,我才在那裡埋葬我的死者。」 13And he spoke to Ephron, in the presence of the people: I beseech thee to hear me: I will give money for the field: take it, and so I will bury my dead in it.
14厄斐龍答覆亞巴郎說: 14And Ephron answered:
15「先生,請聽我說:一塊值四百『協刻耳』銀子的地,在你和我之間,算得什麼!你儘管去埋葬你的死者罷!」 15My lord, hear me. The ground which thou desirest, is worth four hundred sicles of silver: this is the price between me and thee: but what is this? bury thy dead.
16亞巴郎明白了厄斐龍的意思,便照他在赫特人前大聲提出的價值,按流行的市價稱了四百『協刻耳』銀子給他。 16And when Abraham had heard this, he weighed out the money that Ephron had asked, in the hearing of the children of Heth, four hundred sicles of silver of common current money.
17這樣,厄斐龍在瑪革培拉面對瑪默勒的那塊田地,連田地帶其中的山洞,以及在田地四周所有的樹木, 17And the field that before was Ephron's, wherein was the double cave, looking towards Mambre, both it and the cave, and all the trees thereof in all its limits round about,
18當著聚在城門口的赫特人面前,全移交給亞巴郎作產業。 18Was made sure to Abraham for a possession, in the sight of the children of Heth, and of all that went in at the gate of his city.
19事後,亞巴郎遂將自己的妻子撒辣葬在客納罕地,即葬在那塊面對瑪默勒,【即赫貝龍】,瑪革培拉田地的山洞內。 19And so Abraham buried Sara his wife, in a double cave of the field, that looked towards Mambre, this is Hebron in the land of Chanaan.
20這樣,這塊田地和其中的山洞,由赫特人移交了給亞巴郎作為私有墳地。 20And the field was made sure to Abraham, and the cave that was in it, for a possession to bury in, by the children of Heth.

注释
23:1-20
赫特人自公元前二十世纪到十二世纪在小亚细亚一带建立了一个大帝国。十四世纪时,帝国的势力达到了叙利亚和客纳罕。

23:4-20
作者详述亚巴郎买地一事,有两个原因:一、由於买地亚巴郎被承认为客纳罕的公民,因此他和自己的後代子孙,除有天主的应许之外,在法律上也获得了公民权。二、对後事的关怀;不但撒辣和亚巴郎都葬於此,而且依撒格、黎贝加、肋阿和雅各伯也都葬於此(25:9-10; 35:27-29; 49:31-33; 50:13)。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 24
1亞巴郎年紀已老,上主在一切事上常祝福他。 1Now Abraham was old; and advanced in age: and the Lord had blessed him in all things.
2亞巴郎對管理他所有家產的老僕人說:「請你將手放在我的胯下, 2And he said to the elder servant of his house, who was ruler over all he had: Put thy hand under my thigh,
3要你指著上主、天地的天主起誓:你決不要為我的兒子,由我現住的客納罕人中,娶一個女子為妻; 3That I may make thee swear by the Lord the God of heaven and earth, that thou take not a wife for my son, of the daughters of the Chanaanites, among whom I dwell:
4卻要到我的故鄉,我的親族中去,為我的兒子依撒格娶妻。」 4But that thou go to my own country and kindred, and take a wife from thence for my son Isaac.
5僕人對他說:「假使那女子不願跟我到此地來,我能否帶你的兒子回到你的本鄉?」 5The servant answered: If the woman will not come with me into this land, must I bring thy son back again to the place, from whence thou camest out?
6亞巴郎答覆他說:「你切不可帶我的兒子回到那裡去。 6And Abraham said: Beware thou never bring my son back again thither.
7那引我出離父家和我生身地,同我談過話,對我起誓說「我必將這地賜給你後裔」的上主,上天的天主,必派遣自己的使者作你的前導,領你由那裡給我兒子娶個妻子。 7The Lord God of heaven, who took me out of my father's house, and out of my native country, who spoke to me, and swore to me, saying: To thy seed will I give this land: he will send his angel before thee, and thou shalt take from thence a wife for my son.
8設若那女子不願跟你來,你對我起的誓,就與你無涉;無論如何,你不能帶我的兒子回到那裡去。」 8But if the woman will not follow thee, thou shalt not be bound by the oath; only bring not my son back thither again.
9僕人遂將手放在主人亞巴郎的胯下,為這事向他起了誓。 9The servant therefore put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his lord, and swore to him upon this word.
10僕人就由他主人的駱駝中,牽了十匹駱駝,帶著主人的各樣寶物,起身往美索不達米亞的納曷爾城去了。 10And he took ten camels of his master's herd, and departed, carrying something of all his goods with him, and he set forward and went on to Mesopotamia to the city of Nachor.
11傍晚,女人們出來打水的時候,他叫駱駝臥在城外的水井旁, 11And when he had made the camels lie down without the town near a well of water in the evening, at the time when women are wont to come out to draw water, he said:
12然後說:「上主、我主人亞巴郎的天主!求你對我主人亞巴郎施行仁慈,今日使我幸運。 12O Lord the God of my master Abraham, meet me today, I beseech thee, and shew kindness to my master Abraham.
13看我站在水泉旁,此時城中的女子正出來打水。 13Behold I stand nigh the spring of water, and the daughters of the inhabitants of this city will come out to draw water.
14我對那個少女說:請你放下水罐,讓我喝點水。如果她答說:請喝!並且我還要打水給你的駱駝喝,她即是你為你的僕人依撒格預定的少女;由此我知道,你對我主人施行了仁慈。」 14Now, therefore, the maid to whom I shall say: Let down thy pitcher that I may drink: and she shall answer, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: let it be the same whom thou hast provided for thy servant Isaac: and by this I shall understand, that thou hast shewn kindness to my master.
15話還沒有說完,黎貝加就肩著水罐出來了。她是亞巴郎的兄弟納曷爾的妻子米耳加的兒子貝突耳的女兒。 15He had not yet ended these words within himself, and behold Rebecca came out, the daughter of Bathuel, son of Melcha, wife to Nachor the brother of Abraham, having a pitcher on her shoulder:
16這少女容貌很美,是個還沒有人認識的處女。她下到水泉,灌滿了水罐,就上來了。 16An exceeding comely maid, and a most beautiful virgin, and not known to man: and she went down to the spring, and filled her pitcher and was coming back.
17僕人就跑上前去迎著她說:「請讓我喝點你水罐裡的水,好嗎!」 17And the servant ran to meet her, and said: Give me a little water to drink of thy pitcher.
18她回答說:「先生!請喝!」她急忙將水罐放低,托在手上讓他喝。 18And she answered: Drink, my lord. And quickly she let down the pitcher upon her arm, and gave him drink.
19他喝足了以後,少女說:「我再為你的駱駝打水,叫牠們也喝足。」 19And when he had drunk, she said: I will draw water for thy camels also, till they all drink.
20遂急忙將罐裡的水倒在槽裡,再跑到那井裡去打水,打水給他的駱駝喝。 20And pouring out the pitcher into the troughs, she ran back to the well to draw water: and having drawn she gave to all the camels.
21僕人在旁靜靜地注視她,急願知道,是否上主已使他此行成功。 21But he musing beheld her with silence, desirous to know whether the Lord had made his journey prosperous or not.
22駱駝喝完了水以後,老人就拿出一個半『協刻耳』重的金鼻環,和一對重十『協刻耳』的金手鐲,給她戴上, 22And after that the camels had drunk, the man took out golden earrings, weighing two sicles: and as many bracelets of ten sicles weight.
23然後說:「請你告訴我你是誰的女兒?你父親家裡,有沒有地方可讓我們過宿?」 23And he said to her: Whose daughter art thou? tell me: is there any place in thy father's house to lodge?
24她回答說:「我是米耳加給納曷爾所生之子貝突耳的女兒。」 24And she answered: I am the daughter of Bathuel, the son of Melcha, whom she bore to Nachor.
25她又繼續說:「我們家裡有很多草料和飼糧,而且還有地方可供過宿。」 25And she said moreover to him: We have good store of both straw and hay, and a large place to lodge in.
26老人就俯身朝拜了上主,說: 26The man bowed himself down, and adored the Lord,
27「上主,我主人亞巴郎的天主應受讚美!因為他不斷以仁慈和忠信善待了我的主人。上主也一路引我來到了我主人的老家。」 27Saying: Blessed be the Lord God of my master Abraham, who hath not taken away his mercy and truth from my master, and hath brought me the straight way into the house of my master's brother.
28那少女跑回去,將這一切事告訴了她母親家中的人。 28Then the maid ran, and told in her mother's house, all that she had heard.
29黎貝加有個哥哥名叫拉班,他一看見他妹妹鼻上的金環,和手腕上的金鐲,聽見他妹妹黎貝加說:「那人如此如此對我說。」拉班就跑去見那在郊外水泉旁的人,迨他來到那人那裡,見他仍站在靠近水泉的駱駝旁, 29And Rebecca had a brother named Laban, who went out in haste to the man, to the well.
30就對他說:「你這受上主祝福的人,請來!我已預備好了房屋和餵駱駝的地方;你為什麼還站在郊外?」 30And when he had seen the earrings and bracelets in his sister's hands, and had heard all that she related, saying: Thus and thus the man spoke to me: he came to the man who stood by the camels, and near to the spring of water,
31拉班便將那人領進家去,卸了駱駝,餵上草料和飼糧;又拿水給他和與他同來的人洗腳, 31And said to him: Come in, thou blessed of the Lord: why standest thou without? I have prepared the house, and a place for the camels.
32然後在他面前擺上飯,但僕人卻說:「在我未說明我的來意之前,我不吃飯。」拉班說:「你說罷!」 32And he brought him in into his lodging: and he unharnessed the camels and gave straw and hay, and water to wash his feet, and the feet of the men that were come with him.
33他說:「我是亞巴郎的僕人, 33And bread was set before him. But he said: I will not eat, till I tell my message. He answered him: Speak.
34上主厚厚地祝福了我的主人,使他十分富有,賜了他羊群、牛群、金銀、僕婢、駱駝和驢子。 34And he said: I am the servant of Abraham:
35我主人的妻子撒辣,在老年給我主人生了一個兒子,主人遂將所有的財產都給了他。 35And the Lord hath blessed my master wonderfully, and he is become great: and he hath given him sheep and oxen, silver and gold, men servants and women servants, camels and asses.
36我主人叫我起誓說:你決不要給我的兒子,由我現居地的客納罕人中,娶一個女子為妻。 36And Sara my master's wife hath borne my master a son in her old age, and he hath given him all that he had.
37你該到我的父家和我的同族中,為我兒子娶妻。 37And my master made me swear, saying: Thou shalt not take a wife for my son of the Chanaanites, in whose land I dwell:
38我對我主人說:假使女兒不願跟我來怎麼辦? 38But thou shalt go to my father's house, and shalt take a wife of my own kindred for my son:
39他回答我說:我一向在上主面前行走,他必派遣自己的使者與你同行,使你此行必成功,能由我的同族,我的父家,為我兒子娶妻。 39But I answered my master: What if the woman will not come with me?
40只要你去了我同族那裡,你就履行了對我起的誓;若是他們不給你,你對我起的誓,就與你無涉。 40The Lord, said he, in whose sight I walk, will send his angel with thee, and will direct thy way: and thou shalt take a wife for my son of my own kindred, and of my father's house.
41今天我到了水泉那裡就說:上主,我主人亞巴郎的天主!惟願你使我此行成功。 41But thou shalt be clear from my curse, when thou shalt come to my kindred, if they will not give thee one.
42看我現在站在泉旁,我對那個出來打水的少女說:請你讓我喝點你水罐裡的水罷! 42And I came today to the well of water, and said: O Lord God of my master Abraham, if thou hast prospered my way, wherein I now walk,
43如果她對我說:請喝,並且我還要打水給你的駱駝喝,她即是上主為我主人的兒子預定的妻子。 43Behold I stand by the well of water, and the virgin, that shall come out to draw water, who shall hear me say: Give me a little water to drink of thy pitcher:
44我心裡尚未說完這話,看,黎貝加肩著水罐來了,下到水泉那裡打水,我就對她說:請給我一點水喝! 44And shall say to me: Both drink thou, and I will also draw for thy camels: let the same be the woman, whom the Lord hath prepared for my master's son.
45她急忙從肩上放下水罐說:你喝,並且我還要打水給你的駱駝喝。我喝了,同時她也給了駱駝水喝。 45And whilst I pondered these things secretly with myself, Rebecca appeared coming with a pitcher, which she carried on her shoulder: and she went down to the well and drew water. And I said to her: Give me a little to drink.
46我於是問她說:你是誰的女兒?她答說:我是米耳加給納曷爾生的兒子貝突耳的女兒。我就將鼻環戴在她鼻上,將手鐲帶在她手腕上。 46And she speedily let down the pitcher from her shoulder, and said to me: Both drink thou, and to thy camels I will give drink. I drank, and she watered the camels.
47然後我俯身朝拜了上主,讚頌了上主、我主人亞巴郎的天主,因為他引我走了正路,為我主人的兒子娶了我主人兄弟的孫女。 47And I asked her, and said: Whose daughter art thou? And she answered: I am the daughter of Bathuel, the son of Nachor, whom Melcha bore to him. So I put earrings on her to adorn her face, and I put bracelets on her hands.
48現在,如果你們願意以仁慈和忠信善待我主人,請告訴我;如果不肯,也請告訴我;我好決定行事。」 48And falling down I adored the Lord, blessing the Lord God of my master Abraham, who hath brought me the straight way to take the daughter of my master's brother for his son.
49拉班和貝突耳答說:「這件事既是出於上主,我們不能對你說好說壞。 49Wherefore if you do according to mercy and truth with my master, tell me: but if it please you otherwise, tell me that also, that I may go to the right hand, or to the left.
50看黎貝加在你面前,你可帶她去做你主人兒子的妻子,如上主所說的。」 50And Laban and Bathuel answered: The word hath proceeded from the Lord, we cannot speak any other thing to thee but his pleasure.
51亞巴郎的僕人一聽見他們說出這話,就俯伏在地朝拜了上主; 51Behold Rebecca is before thee, take her and go thy way, and let her be the wife of thy master's son, as the Lord hath spoken.
52然後拿出金銀的珍飾和衣服來,送給了黎貝加,又送給了她的哥哥和她的母親一些寶貴禮品。 52Which when Abraham's servant heard, falling down to the ground he adored the Lord.
53這以後,他和同他前來的人才吃喝,並住了一宿。清早起來,他就說:「請讓我回到我主人那裡去!」 53And bringing forth vessels of silver and gold, and garments, he gave them to Rebecca for a present. He offered gifts also to her brothers, and to her mother.
54黎貝加的哥哥和母親說:「讓少女同我們再住上幾天或十天,然後走罷!」 54And a banquet was made, and they ate and drank together, and lodged there. And in the morning, the servant arose, and said: Let me depart, that I may go to my master.
55他回答他們說:「你們不要挽留我,上主既使我此行成功,請你們讓我走,回到我主人那裡去。」 55And her brother and mother answered: Let the maid stay at least ten days with us, and afterwards she shall depart.
56他們說:「我們可叫少女來,問問她的意思。」 56Stay me not, said he, because the Lord hath prospered my way: send me away, that I may go to my master.
57他們就將黎貝加叫來問她說:「你願意跟這人去嗎?」她答說:「願意。」 57And they said: Let us call the maid, and ask her will.
58於是他們打發自己的姊妹黎貝加和她的乳母,同亞巴郎的僕人和與他同來的人一起走了。 58And they called her, and when she was come, they asked: Wilt thou go with this man? She said: I will go.
59他們祝福黎貝加說:「我們的妹妹,願你子孫無數!願你的後裔,佔領仇敵的城門!」 59So they sent her away, and her nurse, and Abraham's servant, and his company,
60黎貝加便和自己的婢女們起來,上了駱駝,跟那人去了。僕人便帶著黎貝加起了程。 60Wishing prosperity to their sister, and saying: Thou art our sister, mayst thou increase to thousands of thousands, and may thy seed possess the gates of their enemies.
61那時依撒格剛來到拉海洛依井旁附近,他原住在乃革布地方。 61So Rebecca and her maids, being set upon camels, followed the man: who with speed returned to his master.
62傍晚時,依撒格出來在田間來回沉思,舉目一望,看見了一隊駱駝。 62At the same time Isaac was walking along the way to the well which is called Of the living and the seeing: for he dwelt in the south country.
63黎貝加舉目看見了依撒格,便由駱駝上下來, 63And he was gone forth to meditate in the field, the day being now well spent: and when he had lifted up his eyes, he saw camels coming afar off.
64問僕人說:「田間前來迎接我們的那人是誰?」僕人答說:「是我的主人。」黎貝加遂拿面紗蒙在臉上。 64Rebecca also, when she saw Isaac, lighted off the camel,
65僕人就將自己所作的一切事,告訴了依撒格。 65And said to the servant: Who is that man who cometh towards us along the field? And he said to her: That man is my master. But she quickly took her cloak, and covered herself.
66依撒格便領黎貝加進入自己母親撒辣的帳幕,娶了她為妻,很是愛她。依撒格自從母親死後,這才有了安慰。 66And the servant told Isaac all that he had done.
Who brought her into the tent of Sara his mother, and took her to wife: and he loved her so much, that it moderated the sorrow which was occasioned by his mother's death.

注释
24:1-61
本章叙事的美妙,可媲美於若瑟(37-50章)和卢德的故事。此外本章还记述了一些古代的风俗,以及亚巴郎和老仆的宗教热诚。此老仆大概即是厄里厄则尔(15:2)。将手放在胯下是闪族人起誓的一种仪式(47:29)。至於黎贝加的哥哥拉班几乎全权处理了妹妹的婚事,也是当时长子当家主事的风俗,至今有些阿剌伯人还是如此。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 25
1亞巴郎又續娶了一個妻子,名叫刻突辣。 1And Abraham married another wife, named Cetura:
2刻突辣給他生了齊默郎、約刻商、默丹、米德楊、依市巴克和叔哈。 2Who bore him Zamran, and Jecsan, and Madan, and Madian, and Jesboc, and Sue.
3約刻商生了舍巴和德丹;德丹的子孫是阿叔陵人、肋突興人和肋烏明人。 3Jecsan also begot Saba and Dadan. The children of Dadan were Assurim, and Latusim, and Loomin.
4米德楊的子孫是厄法、厄斐爾、哈諾客、阿彼達和厄耳達阿:以上都是刻突辣的子孫。 4But of Madian was born Epha, and Opher, and Henoch, and Abida, and Eldaa: all these were the children of Cetura.
5亞巴郎將自己所有的財產都給了依撒格; 5And Abraham gave all his possessions to Isaac.
6至於妾所生的兒子,亞巴郎給了他們一些禮物,在自己活著時,就叫他們離開自己的兒子依撒格,打發他們向東去,住在東方。 6And to the children of the concubines he gave gifts, and separated them from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, to the east country.
7亞巴郎一生的歲月共是一百七十五歲。 7And the days of Abraham's life were a hundred and seventy-five years.
8亞巴郎壽高年老,已享天年,遂斷氣而死,歸到他親族那裡去了。 8And decaying he died in a good old age, and having lived a long time, and being full of days: and was gathered to his people.
9他的兒子依撒格和依市瑪耳,將他葬在面對瑪默勒,赫特人祚哈爾之子厄斐龍的田間瑪革培拉山洞內。 9And Isaac and Ismael his sons buried him in the double cave, which was situated in the field of Ephron the son of Seor the Hethite, over against Mambre;
10這塊田地是亞巴郎由赫特人那裡買來的;亞巴郎和妻子撒辣都葬在那裡。 10Which he had bought of the children of Heth: there was he buried, and Sara his wife.
11亞巴郎死後,天主祝福了他的兒子依撒格。依撒格定居在拉海洛依井附近。 11And after his death, God blessed Isaac his son, who dwelt by the well named Of the living and seeing.
12以下是撒辣的婢女,埃及人哈加爾給亞巴郎生的依市瑪耳的後裔。 12These are the generations of Ismael the son of Abraham, whom Agar the Egyptian, Sara's servant, bore unto him:
13依市瑪耳的子孫名單,依照出生的次第記載如下:依市瑪耳的長子是乃巴約特,其次是刻達爾、阿德貝耳、米貝散、 13And these are the names of his children according to their calling and generations. The firstborn of Ismael was Nabajoth, then Cedar, and Adbeel, and Mabsam.
14米市瑪、杜瑪、瑪薩, 14And Masma, and Duma, and Massa,
15哈達得、特瑪、耶突爾、納菲士和刻德瑪: 15Hadar, and Thema, and Jethur, and Naphis, and Cedma.
16以上都是依市瑪耳的兒子,這些人的名字也是他們的村莊和營地的名字,又是十二家族的族長。 16These are the sons of Ismael: and these are their names by their castles and towns, twelve princes of their tribes.
17依市瑪耳一生的歲月是一百三十七歲;然後斷氣而死,歸到他親族那裡去了。 17And the years of Ismael's life were a hundred and thirty-seven, and decaying he died, and was gathered unto his people.
18他的子孫住在從哈威拉直到埃及東面的叔爾,往亞述道上,對著自己的眾兄弟支搭帳幕。 18And he dwelt from Hevila as far as Sur, which looketh towards Egypt, to them that go towards the Assyrians. He died in the presence of all his brethren.
19以下是亞巴郎的兒子依撒格的歷史:亞巴郎生依撒格。 19These also are the generations of Isaac the son of Abraham: Abraham begot Isaac:
20依撒格四十歲時娶了帕丹阿蘭地阿蘭人貝突耳的女兒,阿蘭人拉班的妹妹黎貝加為妻。 20Who when he was forty years old, took to wife Rebecca the daughter of Bathuel the Syrian of Mesopotamia, sister to Laban.
21依撒格因為自己的妻子不生育,便為她懇求上主;上主俯允了他的祈求,他的妻子黎貝加遂懷了孕, 21And Isaac besought the Lord for his wife, because she was barren; and he heard him, and made Rebecca to conceive.
22雙胎在她腹內互相衝突,於是她說:「若是這樣,我可怎麼辦?」遂去求問上主。 22But the children struggled in her womb: and she said: If it were to be so with me, what need was there to conceive? And she went to consult the Lord.
23上主答覆她說:「你一胎懷了兩個國家,你腹中所生的要分為兩個民族:一個民族強於另一民族,年長的要服事年幼的。」 23And he answering said: Two nations are in thy womb, and two peoples shall be divided out of thy womb, and one people shall overcome the other, and the elder shall serve the younger.
24到了生產的時候,她腹內果然是一對雙生; 24And when her time was come to be delivered, behold twins were found in her womb.
25首先產出的發紅,渾身是毛,如披毛裘,給他起名厄撒烏。 25He that came forth first was red, and hairy like a skin: and his name was called Esau. Immediately the other coming forth, held his brother's foot in his hand, and therefore he was called Jacob.
26他的弟弟隨後出生,一手握著厄撒烏的腳跟,為此給他起名叫雅各伯。他們誕生時,依撒格已是六十歲的人。 26Isaac was threescore years old when the children were born unto him.
27兩個孩童漸漸長大,厄撒烏成了個好打獵的人,喜居戶外;雅各伯卻為人恬靜,深居幕內。 27And when they were grown up, Esau became a skillful hunter, and a husbandman, but Jacob a plain man dwelt in tents.
28依撒格愛厄撒烏,因為他愛吃野味;黎貝加卻愛雅各伯。 28Isaac loved Esau, because he ate of his hunting: and Rebecca loved Jacob.
29有一天、雅各伯正煮好豆羹,厄撒烏由田間回來,饑餓疲乏, 29And Jacob boiled pottage: to whom Esau, coming faint out of the field,
30便對雅各伯說:「請將這紅紅的東西給我點吃,因為我實在又餓又乏。」──因此他的名字又叫「厄東」。 30Said: Give me of this red pottage, for I am exceeding faint. For which reason his name was called Edom.
31雅各伯回答說:「你要將你長子的名分先賣給我。」 31And Jacob said to him: Sell me thy first birthright.
32厄撒烏說:「我快要死了,這長子的名分為我還有什麼益處?」 32He answered: Lo I die, what will the first birthright avail me?
33雅各伯接著說:「你得立刻對我起誓。」厄撒烏遂對他起了誓,將自己長子的名分賣給了雅各伯。 33Jacob said: Swear therefore to me. Esau swore to him, and sold his first birthright.
34雅各伯遂將餅和扁豆羹給了厄撒烏;他吃了喝了,起身走了。──厄撒烏竟如此輕視了長子的名分。 34And so taking bread and the pottage of lentils, he ate, and drank, and went his way; making little account of having sold his first birthright.

注释
25:1-6
亚巴郎的妾刻突辣所生的儿子,虽是亚巴郎的儿子,却不是承嗣的儿子。
25:8
「归到他亲族那里去了」一语,常见於圣经中,意思是被天主召集到他死去的祖先那里,降到阴间与祖先相聚。此语暗示人灵不死不灭的道理。
25:11
「拉海洛依」,见16:13-14。
25:12-18
依市玛耳的子孙大概即是日後的阿剌伯各民族。
25:22-23
天主说的话不是指二子,而是指二子後代子孙的命运。
25:27-34
关於天主召选雅各伯而让厄撒乌丧失长子的名分,参阅拉1:2-5;罗9:10-13。关於长子的特权,见申21:17。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 26
1以前,在亞巴郎時代曾有過一次饑荒,現在地上又有了饑荒,依撒格便去了革辣爾,即培肋舍特人王阿彼默肋客那裡。 1And when a famine came in the land, after that barrenness which had happened in the days of Abraham, Isaac went to Abimelech king of the Palestines to Gerara.
2上主顯現給他說:「你不要下到埃及去,要住在我指示給你的地方。 2And the Lord appeared to him and said: Go not down into Egypt, but stay in the land that I shall tell thee.
3你要住在這地方,我必與你同在,祝福你,因為我要將這整個地方賜給你和你的後裔,實踐我向你父親亞巴郎所立的誓約; 3And sojourn in it, and I will be with thee, and will bless thee: for to thee and to thy seed I will give all these countries, to fulfill the oath which I swore to Abraham thy father.
4且要使你的後裔繁多如天上的星辰,要將這一切地方賜給你的後裔,地上萬民要因你的後裔蒙受祝福, 4And I will multiply thy seed like the stars of heaven: and I will give to thy posterity all these countries: and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed.
5因為亞巴郎聽從了我的話,遵守了我的訓示、誡命、規定和法律。」 5Because Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my precepts and commandments, and observed my ceremonies and laws.
6依撒格就在革辣爾住下了。 6So Isaac abode in Gerara.
7那地方的人問到他的妻子時,他就說:「這是我的妹妹。」他怕說:「這是我的妻子。」恐怕那地方的人為了黎貝加要殺害他,因為她面貌美麗。 7And when he was asked by the men of that place, concerning his wife, he answered: She is my sister; for he was afraid to confess that she was his wife, thinking lest perhaps they would kill him because of her beauty.
8他在那裡住了許久;有一天,培肋舍特人王阿彼默肋客從窗戶向外眺望,看見依撒格正在愛撫他的妻子黎貝加。 8And when very many days were passed, and he abode there, Abimelech king of the Palestines looking out through a window, saw him playing with Rebecca his wife.
9阿彼默肋客遂召依撒格來說:「看,她明明是你的妻子,為什麼你說:她是我的妹妹?」依撒格回答說:「因為我怕我可能因她而被殺害。」 9And calling for him, he said: It is evident she is thy wife: why didst thou feign her to be thy sister? He answered: I feared lest I should die for her sake.
10阿彼默肋客說:「你對我們作的是什麼事?差一點百姓中就有人與你妻子同睡,叫我們陷於罪惡。」 10And Abimelech said: Why hast thou deceived us? Some man of the people might have lain with thy wife, and thou hadst brought upon us a great sin. And he commanded all the people, saying:
11於是阿彼默肋客號令全百姓說:「凡觸犯這人和他妻子的,必死無赦。」 11He that shall touch this man's wife, shall surely be put to death.
12依撒格在那地方耕種,當年就得了百倍的收成。上主實在祝福了他, 12And Isaac sowed in that land, and he found that same year a hundredfold: and the Lord blessed him.
13他竟成了富翁,越來越富,終於成了個大富翁, 13And the man was enriched, and he went on prospering and increasing, till he became exceeding great:
14擁有羊群、牛群和許多奴僕,因此培肋舍特人都嫉妒他。 14And he had possessions of sheep and of herds, and a very great family. Wherefore the Palestines envying him,
15那時,凡他父親的僕人,在他父親亞巴郎生時所掘的井,培肋舍特人都用土填了。 15Stopped up at that time all the wells, that the servants of his father Abraham had digged, filling them up with earth:
16阿彼默肋客對依撒格說:「你在我們中太強盛了。你離開我們罷!」 16Insomuch that Abimelech himself said to Isaac: Depart from us, for thou art become much mightier than we.
17依撒格遂離開了那裡,在革辣爾山谷中搭了帳幕,住在那裡。 17So he departed and came to the torrent of Gerara, to dwell there:
18依撒格將他父親亞巴郎生時所掘的,亞巴郎死後培肋舍特人所填的一些水井,又從新掘好,仍照他父親起的名字稱呼這些水井。 18And he digged again other wells, which the servants of his father Abraham had digged, and which, after his death, the Palestines had of old stopped up: and he called them by the same names by which his father before had called them.
19依撒格的僕人在山谷中掘井時,掘了一口活水井。 19And they digged in the torrent, and found living water.
20革辣爾的牧童和依撒格的牧童遂發生了爭論,說:「這水是我們的。」為此他給那井起名叫「爭論」,因為他們曾與他爭論過。 20But there also the herdsmen of Gerara strove against the herdsmen of Isaac, saying: It is our water. Wherefore he called the name of the well, on occasion of that which had happened, Calumny.
21依撒格的僕人又另掘了一口井,為這口井又起了爭論,為此他給這井起名叫『仇恨』。 21And they digged also another; and for that they quarrelled likewise, and he called the name of it, Enmity.
22以後,他由那裡遷往別處,又掘了另一口井,為這口井再沒有起爭論,遂給這井起名叫「寬大」,說:「上主終於使我們寬綽,我們將在這地繁盛。」 22Going forward from thence, he digged another well, for which they contended not: therefore he called the name thereof, Latitude, saying: Now hath the Lord given us room, and made us to increase upon the earth.
23依撒格由那裡上到了貝爾舍巴, 23And he went up from that place to Bersabee,
24那天夜裡上主顯現給他說:「我是你父親亞巴郎的天主,你不要害怕,因為我與你同在,我必要為了我僕人亞巴郎的緣故祝福你,使你的後裔繁盛。」 24Where the Lord appeared to him that same night, saying: I am the God of Abraham thy father; do not fear, for I am with thee: I will bless thee, and multiply thy seed for my servant Abraham's sake.
25依撒格就在那裡築了一座祭壇,呼求了上主的名;也在那裡搭了帳幕,他的僕人也在那裡掘了一口井。 25And he built there an altar: and called upon the name of the Lord, and pitched his tent: and commanded his servants to dig a well.
26阿彼默肋客和他的摯友阿胡匝特以及他的司令非苛耳,由革辣爾來到了依撒格那裡。 26To which place when Abimelech, and Ochozath his friend, and Phicol chief captain of his soldiers came from Gerara,
27他遂對他們說:「你們既然仇恨我,將我由你們中間驅逐,為什麼又來到我這裡?」 27Isaac said to them: Why are ye come to me, a man whom you hate, and have thrust out from you?
28他們回答說:「我們實在看出上主與你同在;因此我們想,更好我們雙方彼此宣誓,讓我們與你立約: 28And they answered: We saw that the Lord is with thee, and therefore we said: Let there be an oath between us, and let us make a covenant,
29你決不加害我們,猶如我們從未觸犯你,只有好待了你,叫你平安離去;如今你實是上主祝福的人。」 29That thou do us no harm, as we on our part have touched nothing of thine, nor have done any thing to hurt thee: but with peace have sent thee away increased with the blessing of the Lord.
30依撒格遂為他們設宴,大家一齊吃了喝了。 30And he made them a feast, and after they had eaten and drunk:
31次日一早起來,彼此宣了誓。然後依撒格送他們出來,他們遂平安離去。 31Arising in the morning, they swore one to another: and Isaac sent them away peaceably to their own home.
32當天依撒格的僕人來,報告他們掘井的事說:「我們找著了水。」 32And behold the same day the servants of Isaac came, telling him of a well which they had digged, and saying: We have found water.
33依撒格就給這井起名叫「誓約」;為此,那城直到今日還稱作「誓約井」。 33Whereupon he called it Abundance: and the name of the city was called Bersabee, even to this day.
34厄撒烏到四十歲時,娶了赫特人貝厄黎的女兒友狄特和赫特人厄隆的女兒巴色瑪特為妻。 34And Esau being forty years old, married wives, Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hethite, and Basemath the daughter of Elon of the same place.
35她們二人使依撒格和黎貝加傷心難受。 35And they both offended the mind of Isaac and Rebecca.

注释
26:1-6
天主向依撒格重申向亚巴郎所许的诺言(12:3,7; 15:5,18-20; 18:18; 22:16-18)。

26:7-11
本段述黎贝加的事,虽与撒辣所遭遇的相似(12:10-20; 20),但不是一事的两种传说。因为黎贝加:一、已生了两个儿子;二、未被引入宫中;叁、阿彼默肋客未受罚。10节说明奸淫,连当时的教外人,也觉得是罪恶。

26:12-33
此段描述古代游牧民族的生活,也说明依撒格时,在客纳罕南部人民亦渐耕田,从事农业。

26:23-25
天主恩待依撒格是为了亚巴郎的原故。由此可以看出圣人同天主的密切关系。

26:33
「誓约井」原文即「贝尔舍巴」,此处是日後以色列人着名之地,在巴力斯坦的南端。

26:34-35
末两节叙述厄撒乌不理家中宗教的传统(24:3; 28),娶敬拜邪神的赫特女人为妻,成了家庭悲剧的原因。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 27
1依撒格年紀已老,雙目失明,看不見了,遂叫了他的大兒厄撒烏來,對他說:「我兒!」他回答說:「我在這裡。」 1Now Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, and he could not see: and he called Esau, his elder son, and said to him: My son? And he answered: Here I am.
2他說:「你看,我已年老,不知道那天就死。 2And his father said to him: Thou seest that I am old, and know not the day of my death.
3現在,你拿器械、箭囊和弓,往田間去打點獵物, 3Take thy arms, thy quiver, and bow, and go abroad: and when thou hast taken some thing by hunting,
4照我的嗜好給我作成美味,拿來給我吃,好叫我在未死以前祝福你。」 4Make me savoury meat thereof, as thou knowest I like, and bring it, that I may eat: and my soul may bless thee before I die.
5依撒格對他的兒子厄撒烏說這話時,黎貝加聽見了。厄撒烏就到田間去給父親打獵, 5And when Rebecca had heard this, and he was gone into the field to fulfill his father's commandment,
6黎貝加對自己的兒子雅各伯說:「我聽見你父親對你哥哥厄撒烏說: 6She said to her son Jacob: I heard thy father talking with Esau thy brother, and saying to him:
7你去給我打點獵物來,作成美味,叫我吃了,好在死前當著上主的面祝福你。」 7Bring me of thy hunting, and make me meats that I may eat, and bless thee in the sight of the Lord, before I die.
8現在,我兒,要聽從我吩咐你的話。 8Now, therefore, my son, follow my counsel:
9到羊群裡去,給我拿兩隻肥美的小山羊來,我要照你父親的嗜好,給他作成美味, 9And go thy way to the flock, bring me two kids of the best, that I may make of them meat for thy father, such as he gladly eateth:
10你端給父親吃,好叫他死前祝福你。」 10Which when thou hast brought in, and he hath eaten, he may bless thee before he die.
11雅各伯對母親黎貝加說:「但是我哥哥渾身是毛,我卻皮膚光滑, 11And he answered her: Thou knowest that Esau my brother is a hairy man, and I am smooth.
12萬一我父親摸我,必以為我哄騙他,我必招來咒罵,而不是祝福。」 12If my father shall feel me, and perceive it, I fear lest he will think I would have mocked him, and I shall bring upon me a curse instead of a blessing.
13母親對他說:「我兒,咒罵歸於我,你只管聽我的話,去給我拿來。」 13And his mother said to him: Upon me be this curse, my son: only hear thou my voice, and go, fetch me the things which I have said.
14他遂拿了來,交給了他的母親,他母親就照他父親的嗜好作成了美味。 14He went, and brought, and gave them to his mother. She dressed meats, such as she knew his father liked.
15黎貝加又將家中所存的大兒厄撒烏最好的衣服,給她小兒雅各伯穿上; 15And she put on him very good garments of Esau, which she had at home with her:
16又用小山羊的皮,包在他的手上和他光滑的頸上, 16And the little skins of the kids she put about his hands, and covered the bare of his neck.
17然後將自己作好的美味和餅,放在他兒子雅各伯的手裡。 17And she gave him the savoury meat, and delivered him bread that she had baked.
18雅各伯來到他父親前說:「我父!」他答說:「我在這裡!我兒,你是誰?」 18Which when he had carried in, he said: My father? But he answered: I hear. Who art thou, my son?
19雅各伯對父親說:「我是你長子厄撒烏。我已照你吩咐的作了。請坐起來,吃我作的野味,好祝福我。」 19And Jacob said: I am Esau thy firstborn: I have done as thou didst command me: arise, sit, and eat of my venison, that thy soul may bless me.
20依撒格對他兒子說:「我兒!你怎麼這樣快就找著了?」雅各伯答說:「因為上主你的天主使我碰得好。」 20And Isaac said to his son: How couldst thou find it so quickly, my son? He answered: It was the will of God, that what I sought came quickly in my way.
21依撒格對雅各伯說;「我兒!你前來,讓我摸摸,看你是不是我兒厄撒烏?」 21And Isaac said: Come hither, that I may feel thee, my son, and may prove whether thou be my son Esau, or not.
22雅各伯就走近他父親依撒格前;依撒格摸著他說:「聲音是雅各伯的聲音,手卻是厄撒烏的手。」 22He came near to his father, and when he had felt him, Isaac said: The voice indeed is the voice of Jacob; but the hands are the hands of Esau.
23依撒格沒有分辨出來,因為他的手,像他哥哥厄撒烏的手一樣有毛,就祝福了他。 23And he knew him not, because his hairy hands made him like to the elder. Then blessing him,
24隨後說:「你真是我兒厄撒烏嗎?」雅各伯答說:「我是。」 24He said: Art thou my son Esau? He answered: I am.
25依撒格說:「我兒!遞給我,叫我吃了你作的野味,好祝福你。」雅各伯於是遞過去,他吃了;又給他拿了酒來,他也喝了。 25Then he said: Bring me the meats of thy hunting, my son, that my soul may bless thee. And when they were brought, and he had eaten, he offered him wine also, which after he had drunk,
26他父親依撒格就對他說:「我兒!你前來吻我。」 26He said to him: Come near me, and give me a kiss, my son.
27他就前去吻了父親。他父親一聞到他衣服上的香氣,就祝福他說:「看!我兒子的香氣,像上主祝福的肥田的香氣。 27He came near, and kissed him. And immediately as he smelled the fragrant smell of his garments, blessing him, he said: Behold the smell of my son is as the smell of a plentiful field, which the Lord hath blessed.
28惟願天主賜與你天上的甘露,土地的肥沃,五穀美酒的豐裕! 28God give thee the dew of heaven, and of the fatness of the earth, abundance of corn and wine.
29願眾民服事你,萬國叩拜你!願你作你兄弟的主人,你母親的兒子叩拜你!凡詛咒你的,必受詛咒;凡祝福你的,必受祝福。」 29And let peoples serve thee, and tribes worship thee: be thou lord of thy brethren, and let thy mother's children bow down before thee. Cursed be he that curseth thee: and let him that blesseth thee be filled with blessings.
30依撒格一祝福了雅各伯,雅各伯剛由他父親依撒格面前出來,他哥哥厄撒烏打獵回來了。 30Isaac had scarce ended his words, when Jacob being now gone out abroad, Esau came,
31他也作了美味,給他父親端來,對他父親說:「我父!請起來,吃你兒預備的野味,好祝福我。」 31And brought in to his father meats made of what he had taken in hunting, saying: Arise, my father, and eat of thy son's venison; that thy soul may bless me.
32他父親依撒格對他說:「你是誰?」他答說:「我是你兒,你長子厄撒烏。」 32And Isaac said to him: Why! who art thou? He answered: I am thy firstborn son Esau.
33依撒格不禁戰慄起來,驚問說:「那麼,是誰打了獵物給我送了來?並且在你未來以前,我已吃了,已祝福了他;他從此必蒙祝福。」 33Isaac was struck with fear, and astonished exceedingly: and wondering beyond what can be believed, said Who is he then that even now brought me venison that he had taken, and I ate of all before thou camest? and I have blessed him, and he shall be blessed.
34厄撒烏一聽見他父親說出這話,就放聲哀號,對他父親說:「我父,請你也祝福我!」 34Esau having heard his father's words, roared out with a great cry: and being in a great consternation, said: Bless me also, my father.
35父親答說:「你弟弟用詭計來奪去了你的祝福。」 35And he said: Thy brother came deceitfully and got thy blessing.
36厄撒烏說:「他不是名叫雅各伯嗎?他已兩次欺騙了我:以前奪去了我長子的名分,現在又奪去了我的祝福。」繼而問說:「你沒有給我留下祝福嗎?」 36But he said again: Rightly is his name called Jacob; for he hath supplanted me lo this second time: my first birthright he took away before, and now this second time he hath stolen away my blessing. And again he said to his father: Hast thou not reserved me also a blessing?
37依撒格回答厄撒烏說:「看,我已立他作你的主人,將所有的兄弟都給他作僕人,將五穀美酒都供給他了。我兒,我還能為你作什麼?」 37Isaac answered: I have appointed him thy lord, and have made all his brethren his servants: I have established him with corn and wine, and after this, what shall I do more for thee, my son?
38厄撒烏對父親說:「我父,你只有一個祝福嗎?我父,你也得祝福我。」厄撒烏就放聲大哭。 38And Esau said to him: Hast thou only one blessing, father? I beseech thee bless me also. And when he wept with a loud cry,
39他父親依撒格回答他說:「看,你住的地方必缺乏肥沃的土地,天上的甘露。 39Isaac being moved, said to him: In the fat of the earth, and in the dew of heaven from above,
40你要憑仗刀劍生活,要服事你的弟弟,但你一強盛起來,將由你的頸上,擺脫他的束縛。」 40Shall thy blessing be. Thou shalt live by the sword and shalt serve thy brother: and the time shall come, when thou shalt shake off and loose his yoke from thy neck.
41厄撒烏因為他父親祝福了雅各伯,便懷恨雅各伯,心下思念說:「為父親居喪的日期已近,到時我必要殺死我弟弟雅各伯。」 41Esau therefore always hated Jacob for the blessing wherewith his father had blessed him: and he said in his heart: The days will come of the mourning of my father, and I will kill my brother Jacob.
42有人告訴了黎貝加她大兒厄撒烏所說的話;她便派人叫了她小兒雅各伯來,對他說:「看,你哥哥厄撒烏想要殺你洩恨。 42These things were told to Rebecca: and she sent and called Jacob her son, and said to him: Behold Esau thy brother threateneth to kill thee.
43現在,我兒!你得聽我的話,起身逃往哈蘭我哥哥拉班那裡去, 43Now therefore, my son, hear my voice: arise and flee to Laban my brother to Haran:
44與他住些時日,直到你哥哥忿怒消失了。 44And thou shalt dwell with him a few days, till the wrath of thy brother be assuaged,
45幾時你哥哥對你息了怒,忘了你對他作的事,我就派人去,從那裡接你回來。為什麼我在一日內要喪失你們兩個呢?」 45And his indignation cease, and he forget the things thou hast done to him: afterwards I will send, and bring thee from thence hither. Why shall I be deprived of both my sons in one day?
46黎貝加就對依撒格說:「為了這兩個赫特女人,我厭惡得要死;假使雅各伯也從這地的女人中娶一個像這樣的赫特女人為妻,我還活著做什麼?」 46And Rebecca said to Isaac: I am weary of my life because of the daughters of Heth: if Jacob take a wife of the stock of this land, I choose not to live.

注释
27:1-46
本章的叙述说明天主的上智怎样利用人的缺点来达到自己的目的。黎贝加和雅各伯的欺诈说谎,虽有片面可以原谅的理由,但仍不免有罪。可以原谅的理由是厄撒乌已甘心出卖了长子的名分。黎贝加和雅各伯的欺诈不实,都受了相当的惩罚:雅各伯逃避哥哥的谋害,应多年流落异乡,且也受了拉班的欺压;黎贝加应与爱子分离,到死未再见面。雅各伯和厄撒乌所得的祝福,不是直接对他们二人,而是对他们的後代子孙。参阅耶9:3;欧12:3-5。

27:40
40节的应验,见列下8:20-22。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 28
1依撒格叫了雅各伯來,祝福他,吩咐他說:「你不要娶客納罕女人為妻。 1And Isaac called Jacob, and blessed him, and charged him, saying: Take not a wife of the stock of Chanaan:
2你應起身往帕丹阿蘭你外祖父貝突耳家去,在那裡娶你舅父拉班的女兒為妻。 2But go, and take a journey to Mesopotamia of Syria, to the house of Bathuel thy mother's father, and take thee a wife thence of the daughters of Laban thy uncle.
3願全能的天主祝福你,使你生育繁殖,成為一大家族。 3And God almighty bless thee, and make thee to increase, and multiply thee: that thou mayst be a multitude of people.
4願天主將亞巴郎的祝福賜與你和你的後裔,使你承受你所住的地方,即天主賜與亞巴郎的土地作為產業。」 4And give the blessings of Abraham to thee, and to thy seed after thee: that thou mayst possess the land of thy sojournment, which he promised to thy grandfather.
5依撒格就這樣打發了雅各伯往帕丹阿蘭,投往阿蘭人貝突耳的兒子拉班,即雅各伯和厄撒烏的母親黎貝加的哥哥那裡去了。 5And when Isaac had sent him away, he took his journey and went to Mesopotamia of Syria to Laban the son of Bathuel the Syrian, brother to Rebecca his mother.
6厄撒烏見依撒格祝福了雅各伯,打發他到帕丹阿蘭去,在那裡娶妻;祝福他時還吩咐他說:「不要娶客納罕女人為妻。」 6And Esau seeing that his father had blessed Jacob, and had sent him into Mesopotamia of Syria, to marry a wife thence; and that after the blessing he had charged him, saying: Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of Chanaan:
7厄撒烏見雅各伯聽從父母的命,往帕丹阿蘭去了, 7And that Jacob obeying his parents was gone into Syria:
8便明白父親依撒格不喜歡客納罕女子。 8Experiencing also that his father was not well pleased with the daughters of Chanaan:
9所以他去了依市瑪耳那裡,除自己所有的兩個妻子外,又娶了亞巴郎之子依市瑪耳的女兒乃巴約特的妹妹瑪哈拉特為妻。 9He went to Ismael, and took to wife, besides them he had before, Maheleth the daughter of Ismael, Abraham's son, the sister of Nabajoth.
10雅各伯離開貝爾舍巴,往哈蘭去了。 10But Jacob being departed from Bersabee, went on to Haran.
11他來到一個地方,因太陽已落,就在那裡過宿,隨地拿了一塊石頭,放在頭底下,就在那地方躺下睡了。 11And when he was come to a certain place, and would rest in it after sunset, he took of the stones that lay there, and putting under his head, slept in the same place.
12他作了一夢:見一個梯子直立在地上,梯頂與天相接;天主的使者在梯子上,上去下來。 12And he saw in his sleep a ladder standing upon the earth, and the top thereof touching heaven: the angels also of God ascending and descending by it;
13上主立在梯子上說:「我是上主,你父亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主。我要將你所躺的地方,賜給你和你的後裔。 13And the Lord leaning upon the ladder, saying to him: I am the Lord God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac; the land, wherein thou sleepest, I will give to thee and to thy seed.
14你的後裔要多得如地上的灰塵;你要向東西南北擴展,地上的萬民都要因你和你的後裔蒙受祝福。 14And thy seed shall be as the dust of the earth: thou shalt spread abroad to the west, and to the east, and to the north, and to the south: and IN THEE and thy seed all the tribes of the earth SHALL BE BLESSED.
15看我與你同在;你不論到那裡,我必護佑你,領你回到此地。我決不離棄你,直到我實踐了我對你所許的。」 15And I will be thy keeper whithersoever thou goest, and will bring thee back into this land: neither will I leave thee, till I shall have accomplished all that I have said.
16雅各伯一覺醒來,說:「上主實在在這地方,我竟不知道。」 16And when Jacob awaked out of sleep, he said: Indeed the Lord is in this place, and I knew it not.
17他又滿懷敬畏地說:「這地方多麼可畏!這裡不是別處,乃是天主的住所,上天之門。」 17And trembling he said: How terrible is this place! this is no other but the house of God, and the gate of heaven.
18雅各伯清早一起來,就把那塊放在頭底下的石頭,立作石柱,在頂上倒了油, 18And Jacob, arising in the morning, took the stone, which he had laid under his head, and set it up for a title, pouring oil upon the top of it.
19給那地方起名叫貝特耳,原先那城名叫路次。 19And he called the name of the city Bethel, which before was called Luza.
20然後雅各伯許願說:「若是天主與我同在,在我所走的路上護佑我,賜我豐衣足食, 20And he made a vow, saying: If God shall be with me, and shall keep me in the way by which I walk, and shall give me bread to eat, and raiment to put on,
21使我平安回到父家,上主實在當是我的天主。 21And I shall return prosperously to my father's house: the Lord shall be my God:
22我立作石柱的這塊石頭,必要成為天主的住所;凡你賜與我的,我必給你奉獻十分之一。」 22And this stone, which I have set up for a title, shall be called the house of God: and of all things that thou shalt give to me, I will offer tithes to thee.

注释
28:1-5
本章紧接上章末节述黎贝加说服了依撒格,让雅各伯到舅家去娶亲,且叫他祝福雅各伯,求天主赐给他许与亚巴郎的地方。

28:6-9
厄撒乌娶依市玛耳的女儿为妻,原是他的好心,愿意得父母的欢心。在33:4-9所载,也是他对雅各伯不念旧恶的表示。

28:10-22
此段在宗教史上非常重要,要义不外是:一、天主的显现;二、天主重许向圣祖的许诺(12:2,3; 13:14-17; 22:17; 26:4,24);叁、雅各伯立的记念神视的石柱;四、他所许的愿;五、所奉献的什一之物。雅各伯神目所见的梯子上,有天使上下,或表示天主打发天使对万物的照顾(犹太人斐罗主此说);或照耶稣所说,是指天主圣子降生的奥迹(若1:51);降生成人的圣子耶稣作了人类的惟一中保,人惟有靠他才能接近天主。贝特耳(意即天主的殿)在民长时代是祈祷求恩的圣地(民20:18-26;撒上10:3),约柜曾一度存在这里(民20:27)。王国分裂後,北国的雅洛贝罕在此地建了一座圣所,并在此地造了一头金牛,因此先知们严禁人民前往(亚4:4;欧10:5)。日後约史雅王将此地的祭坛拆毁焚烧了(列下23:15)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 29
1雅各伯取道前行,來到了東方人的地方; 1Then Jacob went on in his journey, and came into the east country.
2舉目看見田間有口井,還有三群羊,臥在井旁。──因為人慣常由這井取水飲羊,井口上蓋著塊大石頭; 2And he saw a well in the field, and three flocks of sheep lying by it: for the beasts were watered out of it, and the mouth thereof was closed with a great stone.
3幾時羊群都聚集在那裡,人就將井口的石頭挪開,取水飲羊;然後再將石頭蓋在井口原處。 3And the custom was, when all the sheep were gathered together to roll away the stone, and after the sheep were watered, to put it on the mouth of the well again.
4雅各伯對他們說:「弟兄們,你們是那裡的?」他們答說:「我們是哈蘭人。」 4And he said to the shepherds: Brethren, whence are you? They answered: Of Haran.
5雅各伯問他們說:「你們認識納曷爾的兒子拉班嗎?」他們答說:「我們認識。」 5And he asked them, saying: Know you Laban the son of Nachor? They said: We know him.
6雅各伯又問說:「他好嗎?」他們答說:「他好。看,那不是他的女兒辣黑耳領著羊群來了。」 6He said: Is he in health? He is in health, say they: and behold Rachel his daughter cometh with his flock.
7雅各伯說:「看,太陽還很高,尚不到聚集家畜的時候,你們取水飲了羊,然後再領去牧放。」 7And Jacob said: There is yet much day remaining, neither is it time to bring the flocks into the folds again: first give the sheep drink, and so lead them back to feed.
8他們回答說:「不能夠;因為除非等所有羊群都聚集起來,才可挪開井口的石頭,取水飲羊。」 8They answered: We cannot, till all the cattle be gathered together, and we remove the stone from the well's mouth, that we may water the flocks.
9他還同他們說話的時候,辣黑耳領著他父親的羊群到了;因為她是個牧羊女。 9They were yet speaking, and behold Rachel came with her father's sheep: for she fed the flock.
10雅各伯一見了舅父拉班的女兒辣黑耳,和舅父拉班的羊群,就上前去,挪開井口的石頭,取水飲他舅父拉班的羊。 10And when Jacob saw her, and knew her to be his cousin-german, and that they were the sheep of Laban, his uncle: he removed the stone wherewith the well was closed.
11然後雅各伯口親辣黑耳,放聲大哭, 11And having watered the flock, he kissed her: and lifting up his voice, wept.
12告訴辣黑耳,自己是她父親的外甥,黎貝加的兒子。辣黑耳便跑回去,告訴她父親。 12And he told her that he was her father's brother, and the son of Rebecca: but she went in haste and told her father.
13拉班一聽得了關於他外甥雅各伯的消息,就跑來迎接他,抱住他,親他,領他到自己的家中。雅各伯遂將所遇的事全告訴了拉班。 13Who, when he heard that Jacob his sister's son was come, ran forth to meet him; and embracing him, and heartily kissing him, brought him into his house. And when he had heard the causes of his journey,
14拉班對他說:「你實在是我的骨肉。」雅各伯遂同他住下了。過了一月, 14He answered: Thou art my bone and my flesh. And after the days of one month were expired,
15拉班對雅各伯說:「豈可因為你是我的外甥,就該白白服事我?告訴我,你要什麼報酬?」 15He said to him: Because thou art my brother, shalt thou serve me without wages? Tell me what wages thou wilt have.
16拉班有兩個女兒:大的名叫肋阿,小的名叫辣黑耳。 16Now he had two daughters, the name of the elder was Lia: and the younger was called Rachel.
17肋阿雙眼無神;辣黑耳卻相貌美麗; 17But Lia was blear eyed: Rachel was well favoured, and of a beautiful countenance.
18為此雅各伯喜愛辣黑耳,遂回答說:「我願為你小女兒辣黑耳服事你七年。」 18And Jacob being in love with her, said: I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.
19拉班答說:「我將她給你,比給外人好;你就同我住下。」 19Laban answered: It is better that I give her to thee than to another man; stay with me.
20這樣,雅各伯為得到辣黑耳,服事了拉班七年;由於他喜愛這少女,看七年好像幾天。 20So Jacob served seven years for Rachel: and they seemed but a few days, because of the greatness of his love.
21雅各伯遂對拉班說:「期限已滿,請將我的妻子給我,我好與他親近。」 21And he said to Laban: Give me my wife; for now the time is fulfilled, that I may go in unto her.
22拉班也請了當地所有的人士,擺了婚宴。 22And he, having invited a great number of his friends to the feast, made the marriage.
23到了晚上,他卻將自己的女兒肋阿,引到雅各伯前,雅各伯就親近了她。── 23And at night he brought in Lia his daughter to him,
24拉班且將自己的婢女齊耳帕給女兒肋阿作婢女。── 24Giving his daughter a handmaid, named Zelpha. Now when Jacob had gone in to her according to custom when morning was come he saw it was Lia:
25到了早晨,他一見是肋阿,便對拉班說:「你對我作的是什麼事?我服事你,豈不是為了辣黑耳?你為什麼欺騙我?」 25And he said to his father in law: What is it that thou didst mean to do? did not I serve thee for Rachel? why hast thou deceived me?
26拉班回答說:「我們這地方沒有先嫁幼女,而後嫁長女的風俗。 26Laban answered: It is not the custom in this place, to give the younger in marriage first.
27你同長女滿了七天以後,我也將幼女給你,只要你再服事我七年。」 27Make up the week of days of this match: and I will give thee her also, for the service that thou shalt render me other seven years.
28雅各伯就這樣做了。與肋阿滿了七天以後,拉班便將自己的女兒辣黑耳給了他為妻。── 28He yielded to his pleasure: and after the week was past, he married Rachel:
29拉班且將自己的婢女彼耳哈給了女兒辣黑耳作婢女。── 29To whom her father gave Bala for her servant.
30雅各伯也親近了辣黑耳,而且他愛辣黑耳甚於肋阿;於是又服事了拉班七年。 30And having at length obtained the marriage he wished for, he preferred the love of the latter before the former, and served with him other seven years.
31上主見肋阿失寵,便開了她的胎;但辣黑耳卻荒胎不孕。 31And the Lord seeing that he despised Lia, opened her womb, but her sister remained barren.
32肋阿懷孕生了一子,給他起名叫勒烏本,說:「上主垂視了我的苦衷,現在我的丈夫會愛我了。」 32And she conceived and bore a son, and called his name Ruben, saying: The Lord saw my affliction: now my husband will love me.
33她又懷孕生了一子,說:「上主聽說我失了寵,又給了我一個。」遂給他起名叫西默盎。 33And again she conceived and bore a son, and said: Because the Lord heard that I was despised, he hath given this also to me: and she called his name Simeon.
34她又懷孕生了一子,說:「這次,我的丈夫可要戀住我了,因為我已給他生了三個兒子。」遂給他起名叫肋未。 34And she conceived the third time, and bore another son: and said: Now also my husband will be joined to me, because I have borne him three sons: and therefore she called his name Levi.
35她又懷孕生了一子,說:「這次我要讚頌上主。」為此給他起名叫猶大。以後就停止生育。 35The fourth time she conceived and bore a son, and said: now will I praise the Lord: and for this she called him Juda. And she left bearing.

注释
29:15-30
拉班能以肋阿代辣黑耳,应知古时东方新娘蒙蒙头被抬入洞房。见24:65。

29:31-35
肋阿给她四个儿子起的名字,各有深意:「勒乌本」有「看,我添一子」,「西默盎」有「天主俯听了」,「肋未」有「结合」或「恋念」,「犹大」有「赞颂」的意思;关於「犹大」,参见49:8;玛1:2等。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 30
1辣黑耳見自己沒有給雅各伯生子,就嫉妒姐姐,對雅各伯說:「你要給我孩子;不然,我就死啦!」 1And Rachel, seeing herself without children, envied her sister, and said to her husband: Give me children, otherwise I shall die.
2雅各伯對辣黑耳生氣說:「不肯使你懷孕的是天主,難道我能替他作主?」 2And Jacob being angry with her, answered: Am I as God, who hath deprived thee of the fruit of thy womb?
3辣黑耳回答說:「這裡有我的婢女彼耳哈,你親近她,叫她在我膝下生子,使我能由她得子。」 3But she said: I have here my servant Bala: go in unto her, that she may bear upon my knees, and I may have children by her.
4辣黑耳就將自己的婢女彼耳哈給了雅各伯作妾;雅各伯親近了她, 4And she gave him Bala in marriage: who,
5她遂懷孕,給雅各伯生了一子。 5When her husband had gone in unto her, conceived and bore a son.
6辣黑耳就說:「天主對我公道,俯聽了我的哀聲,給了我一子。」為此給他起名叫丹。 6And Rachel said: The Lord hath judged for me, and hath heard my voice, giving me a son, and therefore she called his name Dan.
7辣黑耳的婢女彼耳哈又懷孕,給雅各伯生了第二個兒子。 7And again Bala conceived and bore another,
8辣黑耳就說:「我以天大的力量與我姐姐相爭,得到勝利了。」便給他起名叫納斐塔里。 8For whom Rachel said: God hath compared me with my sister, and I have prevailed: and she called him Nephtali.
9肋阿見自己停止生育,也將自己的婢女齊耳帕給了雅各伯作妾。 9Lia, perceiving that she had left off bearing, gave Zelpha her handmaid to her husband.
10肋阿的婢女齊耳帕給雅各伯生了一子。 10And when she had conceived and brought forth a son,
11肋阿遂說:「好幸運!」就給他起名叫加得。 11She said: Happily. And therefore called his name Gad.
12肋阿的婢女齊耳帕給雅各伯又生了第二個兒子。 12Zelpha also bore another.
13肋阿遂說:「我真有福!女人都要以為我有福。」就給他起名叫阿協爾。 13And Lia said: This is for my happiness: for women will call me blessed. Therefore she called him Aser.
14到了割麥的時節,勒烏本出去,在田間尋得了一些曼陀羅,帶回來給了他母親肋阿。辣黑耳對肋阿說:「請你將你兒子得的曼陀羅給我一些。」 14And Ruben, going out in the time of the wheat harvest into the field, found mandrakes: which he brought to his mother Lia. And Rachel said: Give me part of thy son's mandrakes.
15肋阿回答說:「你奪去了我的丈夫還不夠;你還想奪去我兒的曼陀羅麼?」辣黑耳說:「好罷!今夜就讓他與你同睡,為交換你兒子的曼陀羅。」 15She answered: Dost thou think it a small matter, that thou hast taken my husband from me, unless thou take also my son's mandrakes? Rachel said: He shall sleep with thee this night, for thy son's mandrakes.
16到了晚上,雅各伯由田間回來,肋阿就跑出去迎接他說:「你該來我這裡,因為我用我兒子的曼陀羅雇了你。」那夜雅各伯便與她同睡。 16And when Jacob returned at even from the field, Lia went out to meet him, and said: Thou shalt come in unto me, because I have hired thee for my son's mandrakes. And he slept with her that night.
17天主俯允了肋阿,她又懷孕,給雅各伯生了第五個兒子。 17And God heard her prayers: and she conceived and bore the fifth son,
18肋阿說:「天主給了我報酬,因為我將我的婢女給了我的丈夫。」便給他起名叫依撒加爾。 18And said: God hath given me a reward, because I gave my handmaid to my husband. And she called his name Issachar.
19肋阿又懷孕,給雅各伯生了第六個兒子。 19And Lia conceived again, and bore the sixth son,
20肋阿說:「天主給了我一個很好的禮物;這一回我的丈夫要與我同居了,因為我給他生了六個兒子。」便給他起名叫則步隆。 20And said: God hath endowed me with a good dowry: this turn also my husband will be with me, because I have borne him six sons: and therefore she called his name Zabulon.
21後來她生了一個女兒,給她起名叫狄納。 21After whom she bore a daughter, named Dina.
22天主想起了辣黑耳,垂允了她,開了她的子宮, 22The Lord also remembering Rachel, heard her, and opened her womb.
23她遂懷孕,生了一個兒子,說:「天主拭去了我的恥辱。」 23And she conceived, and bore a son, saying: God hath taken away my reproach.
24她給他起名叫若瑟說:「願上主再給我添子。」 24And she called his name Joseph, saying: The Lord give me also another son.
25辣黑耳生了若瑟以後,雅各伯對拉班說:「請讓我回到我的本鄉故土! 25And when Joseph was born, Jacob said to his father in law: Send me away that I may return into my country, and to my land.
26請你將我服事你所得的妻子兒女交給我,讓我回去;你知道我怎樣服事了你。」 26Give me my wives, and my children, for whom I have served thee, that I may depart: thou knowest the service that I have rendered thee.
27拉班對他說:「如果我在你眼中得寵,請你住下;我覺察出,上主祝福我,是為了你的原故。」 27Laban said to him: Let me find favour in thy sight: I have learned by experience, that God hath blessed me for thy sake.
28繼而說:「請規定你的工價,我必付給你。」 28Appoint thy wages which I shall give thee.
29雅各伯對他說:「你知道,我是怎樣服事了你;你的牲畜跟著我是怎樣的情形。 29But he answered: Thou knowest how I have served thee, and how great thy possession hath been in my hands.
30我未來之前,你所有的是那麼少,現在增加了那麼多;我一來,上主就祝福了你。但是,我幾時也能為我興家立業呢?」 30Thou hadst but little before I came to thee, and now thou art become rich: and the Lord hath blessed thee at my coming. It is reasonable therefore that I should now provide also for my own house.
31拉班問說:「我該給你什麼?」雅各伯答說:「你什麼也不必給我,只要你應承我這件事,我就仍牧放照顧你的羊群: 31And Laban said: What shall I give thee? But he said: I require nothing: but if thou wilt do what I demand, I will feed, and keep thy sheep again.
32你今天走遍你的羊群,將其中凡有斑點或黑點的,即綿羊群中有黑色的,山羊群中有黑點或斑點的,都挑出來,當作我的工價。 32Go round through all thy flocks, and separate all the sheep of divers colours, and speckled: and all that is brown and spotted, and of divers colours, as well among the sheep, as among the goats, shall be my wages.
33後來任何一天,你來察看我的工價時,我好對你證明我的公正。山羊中凡是沒有斑點或黑點的,綿羊中凡是不黑的,都算是偷來的。」 33And my justice shall answer for me tomorrow before thee when the time of the bargain shall come: and all that is not of divers colours, and spotted, and brown, as well among the sheep as among the goats, shall accuse me of theft.
34拉班回答說:「好,就照你的話辦罷!」 34And Laban said: I like well what thou demandest.
35當天拉班就將有條紋有斑點的公山羊,凡有白紋,或斑點和黑點的母山羊,並黑色的綿羊都挑出來,交在自己兒子們手中; 35And he separated the same day the she goats, and the sheep, and the he goats, and the rams of divers colours, and spotted: and all the flock of one colour, that is, of white and black fleece, he delivered into the hands of his sons.
36又使雅各伯與自己相距三日的路程。雅各伯便牧放拉班其餘的羊群。 36And he set the space of three days' journey betwixt himself and his son in law, who fed the rest of his flock.
37雅各伯拿了楊樹、杏樹和楓樹的嫩枝,將皮剝成一條一條的白紋,使樹枝的光白露出; 37And Jacob took green rods of poplar, and of almond, and of plane trees, and pilled them in part: so when the bark was taken off, in the parts that were pilled, there appeared whiteness: but the parts that were whole remained green: and by this means the colour was divers.
38然後將剝去皮的枝條,插在水溝和水漕裡,羊群前來喝水時,正與羊群相對。羊群前來喝水時,就彼此相配。 38And he put them in the troughs, where the water was poured out: that when the flocks should come to drink, they might have the rods before their eyes, and in the sight of them might conceive.
39羊群對著枝條相配,就生出了有條紋,有斑點和黑點的小羊。 39And it came to pass that in the very heat of coition, the sheep beheld the rods, and brought forth spotted, and of divers colours, and speckled.
40雅各伯將這些羔羊分開,將這些羊放在拉班羊群中有條紋和有黑點的羊前;這樣他為自己另組羊群,不將牠們放在拉班的羊群中。 40And Jacob separated the flock, and put the rods in the troughs before the eyes of the rams: and all the white and the black were Laban's: and the rest were Jacob's, when the flocks were separated one from the other.
41到了肥壯的羊要配合時,雅各伯就將枝條插在水溝裡,對著羊群的眼,使羊對著枝條彼此相配。 41So when the ewes went first to ram, Jacob put the rods in the troughs of water before the eyes of the rams, and of the ewes, that they might conceive while they were looking upon them:
42當羊群瘦弱時,他就不插枝條:這樣,瘦弱的都歸拉班,肥壯的都歸雅各伯。 42But when the latter coming was, and the last conceiving, he did not put them. And those that were lateward, became Laban's: and they of the first time, Jacob's.
43為此這人越來越富,擁有許多羊群,婢女和奴僕,駱駝和驢子。 43And the man was enriched exceedingly, and he had many flocks, maid servants and men servants, camels and asses.

注释
30:1-8
辣黑耳因不生育,行了撒辣所行的(16:2-3)。
「丹」有「伸冤」,「纳斐塔里」有「力争」之意。

30:9-13
「加得」有「幸运」,「阿协耳」有「福气」之意。

30:14-16
「曼陀罗」或译为「人参」,即补阴增性欲的花果。

30:18-24
「依撒加尔」有「工资」,「则步隆」按20节有「同居」或「必看重我」,「狄纳」有「 恨」,「若瑟」有「再添子」之意。姊妹同事一夫,为一夫多妻制之最坏者,因此,为梅瑟法律所严禁(肋18:18)。

30:31-43
1-43节,因为记述畜牧的事,对行外人看来不很明了。雅各伯的行为,外表对拉班似乎有益,实际上却便宜了雅各伯。大概他的良心以为自己给拉班劳苦多年,理应有合情合理的酬报,遂暗用手法诈取了拉班的财物。这行为并不是基督徒所应仿效的。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 31
1雅各伯聽見拉班的兒子們談論說:「雅各伯奪去了我們父親所有的一切,利用我們父親的財物,才獲得了這一切的財富。」 1But after that he heard the words of the sons of Laban, saying: Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's, and being enriched by his substance is become great:
2雅各伯也注意了拉班對自己的臉色不如先前。 2And perceiving also that Laban's countenance was not towards him as yesterday and the other day,
3那時,上主對雅各伯說:「你回到你的家鄉和你的出生地,我必與你同在。」 3Especially the Lord saying to him: Return into the land of thy fathers, and to thy kindred, and I will be with thee.
4雅各伯就派人叫辣黑耳和肋阿來到他放羊的田間, 4He sent, and called Rachel and Lia into the field, where he fed the flocks,
5對她們說:「我看你們父親的臉色,對我已不如先前;但是我父親的天主卻常與我同在。 5And said to them: I see your father's countenance is not towards me as yesterday and the other day: but the God of my father hath been with me.
6你們清楚知道,我是全力服事了你們的父親; 6And you know that I have served your father to the uttermost of my power.
7你們的父親卻欺騙了我,十次變換了我的工價,但天主卻沒有容許他害我。 7Yea, your father also hath overreached me, and hath changed my wages ten times: and yet God hath not suffered him to hurt me.
8當他說:有斑點的算是你的工價;全羊群就都生下有斑點的;當他說:有條紋的算是你的工價,全羊群就都生下有條紋的。 8If at any time he said: The speckled shall be thy wages: all the sheep brought forth speckled: but when he said on the contrary: Thou shalt take all the white ones for thy wages: all the flocks brought forth white ones.
9天主這樣將你們父親的牲畜奪來了給我。 9And God hath taken your father's substance, and given it to me.
10有一次當羊群配合時,我於夢中舉目觀望:看見跳在母羊身上的公山羊,都是有條紋,有斑點和雜色的。 10For after that time came of the ewes conceiving, I lifted up my eyes, and saw in my sleep that the males which leaped upon the females were of divers colours, and spotted, and speckled.
11天主的使者在夢中對我說:雅各伯!我答說:我在這裡。 11And the angel of God said to me in my sleep: Jacob? And I answered: Here I am.
12他說:你舉目觀望:跳在母羊身上的公山羊,都是有條紋,有斑點和雜色的,因為我看到了拉班對你所作的一切。 12And he said: Lift up thy eyes, and see that all the males leaping upon the females, are of divers colours, spotted, and speckled. For I have seen all that Laban hath done to thee.
13我是貝特耳的天主,你曾在那裡用油敷了一座石柱,並對我許了願。現在你起身,離開這地方,回到你生身之地去。」 13I am the God of Bethel, where thou didst anoint the stone, and make a vow to me. Now therefore arise, and go out of this land, and return into thy native country.
14辣黑耳和肋阿回答他說:「我們在父親家裡還有產業可分嗎? 14And Rachel and Lia answered: Have we any thing left among the goods and inheritance of our father's house?
15他豈不是把我們視作外人,把我們出賣了,吞併了我們的身價? 15Hath he not counted us as strangers and sold us, and eaten up the price of us?
16所以天主由我們父親奪來的那一切財物,都應屬於我們和我們子女。現今凡天主吩咐你的,你都該照辦。」 16But God hath taken our father's riches, and delivered them to us, and to our children: wherefore do all that God hath commanded thee.
17雅各伯遂立即叫自己的兒女和妻子騎上駱駝, 17Then Jacob rose up, and having set his children and wives upon camels, went his way.
18帶了自己一切牲畜和積聚的一切財物,即他在帕丹阿蘭所得的一切牲畜,起程往客納罕地,他父親依撒格那裡去了。 18And he took all his substance, and flocks, and whatsoever he had gotten in Mesopotamia, and went forward to Isaac his father to the land of Chanaan.
19其時拉班正剪羊毛去了,辣黑耳就偷走了她父親的神像。 19At that time Laban was gone to shear his sheep, and Rachel stole away her father's idols.
20雅各伯隱瞞了阿蘭人拉班,沒有告訴拉班他將逃走, 20And Jacob would not confess to his father in law that he was flying away.
21遂帶了自己所有的一切逃走了,起身過了幼發拉的河,直向基肋阿得山地進發。 21And when he was gone, together with all that belonged to him, and having passed the river, was going on towards mount Galaad,
22第三天,拉班得報雅各伯偷跑了, 22It was told Laban on the third day that Jacob fled.
23遂帶了自己的弟兄,在他後面一連追趕了七天的路程,在基肋阿得山地追上了他。 23And he took his brethren with him, and pursued after him seven days; and overtook him in the mount of Galaad.
24天主在夜間夢中顯現給阿蘭人拉班,對他說:「你小心,不要對雅各伯說好說壞。」 24And he saw in a dream God saying to him: Take heed thou speak not any thing harshly against Jacob.
25拉班追上雅各伯時,雅各伯已在山上搭了帳幕;拉班和他的弟兄,也在基肋阿得山地搭了帳幕。 25Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the mountain: and when he with his brethren had overtaken him, he pitched his tent in the same mount of Galaad.
26拉班對雅各伯說:「你作的是什麼事?竟瞞著我,將我的女兒們帶走,有如戰俘一樣! 26And he said to Jacob: Why hast thou done thus, to carry away, without my knowledge, my daughters, as captives taken with the sword.
27你為什麼暗中偷跑,瞞著我而不通知我,叫我好能快樂的唱著歌,打著鼓,彈著琴歡送你回去? 27Why wouldst thou run away privately and not acquaint me, that I might have brought thee on the way with joy, and with songs, and with timbrels, and with harps?
28連我的兒女你都不讓我與他們吻別,你作的實在糊塗! 28Thou hast not suffered me to kiss my sons and daughters: thou hast done foolishly: and now, indeed,
29我本可伸手加害你們,但是你們父親的天主昨夜對我說:小心,不要對雅各伯說好說壞。 29It is in my power to return thee evil: but the God of your father said to me yesterday: Take heed thou speak not any thing harshly against Jacob.
30你現在切望回到父家,定要回去,但是你為什麼偷走了我的神像!」 30Suppose thou didst desire to go to thy friends, and hadst a longing after thy father's house: why hast thou stolen away my gods?
31雅各伯回答拉班說:「我害怕,我還以為你要由我手中奪去你的女兒。 31Jacob answered: That I departed unknown to thee, it was for fear lest thou wouldst take away thy daughters by force.
32至於你的神像,你在誰那裡搜出來,決不容他活著;當著我們弟兄的面,你如認出我這裡有什麼是屬於你的,儘管拿去。」雅各伯原不知道是辣黑耳偷了神像。 32But whereas thou chargest me with theft: with whomsoever thou shalt find thy gods, let him be slain before our brethren. Search, and if thou find any of thy things with me, take them away. Now when he said this, he knew not that Rachel had stolen the idols.
33拉班便進入雅各伯的帳幕,肋阿的帳幕和兩個婢女的帳幕,沒有找著;遂由肋阿的帳幕出來,進入辣黑耳的帳幕, 33So Laban went into the tent of Jacob, and of Lia, and of both the handmaids, and found them not. And when he was entered into Rachel's tent,
34辣黑耳卻拿了神像,放在駱駝的鞍下,自己坐在上面。拉班搜遍了整個帳幕,沒有找著。 34She in haste hid the idols under the camel's furniture, and sat upon them: and when he had searched all the tent, and found nothing,
35辣黑耳對她父親說:「望我主不要見怪,我不能在你面前起迎,因為我正在經期。」他搜索了,卻沒有找著神像。 35She said: Let not my lord be angry that I cannot rise up before thee, because it has now happened to me, according to the custom of women, So his careful search was in vain.
36雅各伯於是動怒,與拉班爭論,質問他說:「我有什麼不對,有什麼罪過,致使你在我後面追趕? 36And Jacob being angry, said in a chiding manner: For what fault of mine, and for what offence on my part hast thou so hotly pursued me,
37你搜遍了我的東西,如找出了什麼東西是屬於你家的,擺在我和你的兄弟面前,叫他們在我們兩人間行裁判。 37And searched all my household stuff? What hast thou found of all the substance of thy house? lay it here before my brethren, and thy brethren, and let them judge between me and thee.
38這二十年來,我同你在一起,你的母綿羊和母山羊從未流產;你羊群中的公羊,我從未吃過; 38Have I therefore been with thee twenty years? thy ewes and goats were not barren, the rams of thy flocks I did not eat:
39被野獸撕裂的我從未給你帶回,我自己賠償了損失;不論是白天偷去的,或是黑夜偷去的,你都向我索取。 39Neither did I shew thee that which the beast had torn, I made good all the damage: whatsoever was lost by theft, thou didst exact it of me:
40日間我受盡炎熱,夜間受盡嚴寒,兩眼無法入睡。在你家內這二十年,為了你的兩個女兒,我服事了你十四年; 40Day and night was I parched with heat, and with frost, and sleep departed from my eyes.
41另六年是為了你的羊群;這期間,你竟十次變更了我的工價。 41And in this manner have I served thee in thy house twenty years, fourteen for thy daughters, and six for thy flocks: thou hast changed also my wages ten times.
42假若我父的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格所敬畏的上主,不同我在一起,你現在定會打發我空手回去;但是天主見到了我的苦況和我的辛苦,在昨夜就下了判決。」 42Unless the God of my father Abraham, and the fear of Isaac had stood by me, peradventure now thou hadst sent me away naked: God beheld my affliction and the labour of my hands, and rebuked thee yesterday.
43拉班回答雅各伯說:「女兒是我的女兒,孩子是我的孩子,羊群是我的羊群,你眼見的這一切都是我的。但是對我的女兒,對她們生的孩子,我今天能作什麼呢? 43Laban answered him: The daughters are mine and the children, and thy flocks, and all things that thou seest are mine: what can I do to my children, and grandchildren?
44現在,來,讓我們在你我之間立約,作你我之間的證據。」 44Come therefore, let us enter into a league: that it may be for a testimony between me and thee.
45雅各伯遂拿了一塊石頭,立作石柱, 45And Jacob took a stone, and set it up for a title:
46然後對自己的親戚說:「你們堆集石頭。」他們便拿了石頭,堆成一堆,就在那堆石頭上吃了飯。 46And he said to his brethren: Bring hither stones. And they gathering stones together, made a heap, and they ate upon it.
47拉班稱那石堆為「耶加爾、撒哈杜達」;雅各伯稱為「基肋阿得」。 47And Laban called it The witness heap: and Jacob, The hillock of testimony: each of them according to the propriety of his language.
48拉班說:「今天這堆石頭在你和我之間作見證。」為此給它起名叫「基肋阿得」。 48And Laban said: This heap shall be a witness between me and thee this day, and therefore the name thereof was called Galaad, that is, The witness heap.
49又叫作「米茲帕」,因為他說:「我們彼此分離後,願上主監視我和你: 49The Lord behold and judge between us when we shall be gone one from the other.
50如果你虐待我的女兒,或在我的女兒外,另娶妻室,雖無人在我們中間,但有天主在你我之間作證。」 50If thou afflict my daughters, and if thou bring in other wives over them: none is witness of our speech but God, who is present and beholdeth.
51拉班又對雅各伯說:「看這堆石頭,看我在你我之間所立的石柱: 51And he said again to Jacob: Behold, this heap, and the stone which I have set up between me and thee,
52這堆石頭是見證,這石柱是見證,我決不越過這堆石頭去妨害你,你也不要越過這堆石頭和這石柱來妨害我。 52Shall be a witness: this heap, I say, and the stone, be they for a testimony, if either I shall pass beyond it going towards thee, or thou shalt pass beyond it, thinking harm to me.
53但願亞巴郎的天主和納曷爾的天主,──即他們父親的天主,──在我們之間行裁判!」雅各伯就指自己的父親依撒格所敬畏的上主起了誓。 53The God of Abraham, and the God of Nachor, the God of their father, judge between us. And Jacob swore by the fear of his father Isaac.
54然後雅各伯在山上宰牲獻祭,叫了自己的親戚來吃飯;吃飯以後就在山上過了夜。 54And after he had offered sacrifices in the mountain, he called his brethren to eat bread. And when they had eaten, they lodged there:
But Laban arose in the night, and kissed his sons, and daughters, and blessed them: and returned to his place.

注释
31:1-54
本章的可贵处,不但在彰明天主怎样照顾了雅各伯,而且也把当时游牧人民的生活活现纸上。圣经所载与哈慕辣彼法典和其他近东古国的典籍所载,两相对照,更明白圣祖的风俗习惯,离不开近东古民族的 围。

31:19
「神像」是一种家神像。

31:43-54
拉班和雅各伯所立的合约,一方面是政治的:他们和他们的後代不得彼此侵犯;另一方面是私人的:雅各伯不得虐待妻子,不得另娶。

31:47-49
47节拉班用阿剌美话雅各伯用希伯来话给他们所立的石堆起名。两名的意思相同,即「证据之石堆」。「米兹帕」有「了望台」的意思(49节)。基肋阿得大概是一高丘,拉班和雅各伯在其上立了石堆。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 32
1拉班清早起來,與自己的外孫和女兒吻別,祝福了他們,便起身回本鄉去了。 1Jacob also went on the journey he had begun: and the angels of God met him.
2雅各伯也上道前行,遇見了天主的使者。 2And when he saw them, he said: These are the camps of God, and he called the name of that place Mahanaim, that is, Camps.
3雅各伯一見他們就說:「這是天主的營地。」遂給那地方起名叫瑪哈納因。 3And he sent messengers before him to Esau his brother to the land of Seir to the country of Edom:
4雅各伯先派使者,往厄東鄉間色依爾地方,他哥哥厄撒烏那裡去, 4And he commanded them, saying: Thus shall ye speak to my lord Esau: Thus saith thy brother Jacob: I have sojourned with Laban, and have been with him until this day.
5吩咐他們說:「你們應對我主厄撒烏這樣說:你的僕人雅各伯這樣說:我在拉班那裡作客,一直到現在。 5I have oxen, and asses, and sheep, and menservants, and womenservants: and now I send a message to my lord, that I may find favour in thy sight.
6我擁有牛、驢、羊和僕婢,現在打發人報告我主,希望得你的恩愛。」 6And the messengers returned to Jacob, saying: We came to Esau thy brother, and behold he cometh with speed to meet thee with four hundred men.
7使者回來見雅各伯說:「我們到了你哥哥厄撒烏那裡,他正前來迎接你;同他來的尚有四百人。」 7Then Jacob was greatly afraid; and in his fear divided the people that was with him, and the flocks, and the sheep, and the oxen, and the camels, into two companies,
8雅各伯大為震驚,很是憂慮,遂將自己的人和羊群牛群及駱駝分作兩隊, 8Saying: If Esau come to one company and destroy it, the other company that is left shall escape.
9心想:如果厄撒烏前來攻擊一隊,剩下的另一隊還可逃跑。 9And Jacob said: O God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, O Lord, who saidst to me: Return to thy land and to the place of thy birth, and I will do well for thee,
10然後雅各伯祈求說:「我父亞巴郎的天主,我父依撒格的天主、上主!你曾對我說:回到你本鄉,你本家去,我必使你順利。 10I am not worthy of the least of all thy mercies, and of thy truth which thou hast fulfilled to thy servant. With my staff I passed over this Jordan; and now I return with two companies.
11我本不配獲得你向你僕人所施的種種慈恩和忠信,我只帶了一條棍杖過了這約但河,現在我卻擁有兩隊人馬。 11Deliver me from the hand of my brother Esau, for I am greatly afraid of him: lest perhaps he come, and kill the mother with the children.
12求你救我脫離我哥哥厄撒烏的手,因為我怕他來擊殺我,擊殺母親和孩子。 12Thou didst say that thou wouldst do well by me, and multiply my seed like the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.
13你原來說過:我必要恩待你,使你的後代如海沙,多得不可勝數。」 13And when he had slept there that night, he set apart, of the things which he had, presents for his brother Esau.
14那夜雅各伯就在那裡過夜。然後,就由他所有的財物中選出一些來,送給他哥哥厄撒烏作禮物: 14Two hundred she goats, twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams,
15計有母山羊二百隻,公山羊二十隻,母綿羊二百隻,公綿羊二十隻, 15Thirty milch camels with their colts, forty kine, and twenty bulls, twenty she asses, and ten of their foals.
16哺乳的母駱駝同駝駒三十頭,母牛四十頭,公牛十頭,母驢二十匹,公驢十匹。 16And he sent them by the hands of his servants, every drove by itself, and he said to his servants: Go before me, and let there be a space between drove and drove.
17他將這些分成一隊一隊的交給自己的僕人,對他們說:「你們應走在我前面,每隊之間應隔開些。」 17And he commanded the first, saying: If thou meet my brother Esau, and he ask thee: Whose art thou? or whither goest thou? or whose are these before thee?
18然後吩咐第一隊說:「幾時我哥哥厄撒烏遇見你,問你說:你是誰家的?你往那裡去?你前面這些牲畜是誰的? 18Thou shalt answer: Thy servant Jacob's: he hath sent them as a present to my lord Esau: and he cometh after us.
19你要答說:是你僕人雅各伯的,是送給我主厄撒烏的禮物。看,他自己就在我們後面。」 19In like manner he commanded the second and the third, and all that followed the droves, saying: Speak ye the same words to Esau, when ye find him.
20他也吩咐了第二第三隊,和跟在每隊後面的人說:「你們若遇見厄撒烏,都要照這話回答他。 20And ye shall add: Thy servant Jacob himself also followeth after us: for he said: I will appease him with the presents that go before, and afterwards I will see him, perhaps he will be gracious to me.
21並且還要說:看,你的僕人雅各伯就在我們後面。」因為他心裡想:「如果我先送禮向他討好,然後才與他見面,也許他會歡迎我。」 21So the presents went before him, but himself lodged that night in the camp.
22於是禮物先他而行,他自己當夜仍留在營內。 22And rising early he took his two wives, and his two handmaids, with his eleven sons, and passed over the ford of Jaboc.
23他當夜起來,帶了他的兩個妻子,兩個婢女和十一個孩子,由淺處過了雅波克河。 23And when all things were brought over that belonged to him,
24等他們過了河,也叫自己所有的過了河, 24He remained alone: and behold a man wrestled with him till morning.
25雅各伯獨自一人留在後面。有一人前來與他搏鬥一直到曙光破曉。 25And when he saw that he could not overcome him, he touched the sinew of his thigh, and forthwith it shrank.
26那人見自己不能制勝,就在他的大腿窩上打了一下;雅各伯正在與他搏鬥之際,大腿窩脫了節。 26And he said to him: Let me go, for it is break of day. He answered: I will not let thee go except thou bless me.
27那人說:「讓我走罷!天已破曉。」雅各伯說:「你如果不祝福我,我不讓你走。」 27And he said: What is thy name? He answered: Jacob.
28那人問他說:「你叫什麼名字?」他答說:「雅各伯。」 28But he said: Thy name shall not be called Jacob, but Israel: for if thou hast been strong against God, how much more shalt thou prevail against men?
29那人說:「你的名字以後不再叫雅各伯,應叫以色列,因為你與神與人搏鬥,佔了優勢。」 29Jacob asked him, Tell me by what name art thou called? He answered: Why dost thou ask my name? And he blessed him in the same place.
30雅各伯問說:「請你告訴我你的名字。」那人答說:「為什麼你要問我的名字?」遂在那裡祝福了他。 30And Jacob called the name of the place Phanuel, saying: I have seen God face to face, and my soul has been saved.
31雅各伯給那地方起名叫「培尼耳」,意謂「我面對面見了神,我的生命仍得保全」。 31And immediately the sun rose upon him, after he was past Phanuel; but he halted on his foot.
32雅各伯經過培尼耳時,太陽已升起照在身上,由於大腿脫了節,他一走一瘸。為此,以色列子民至今不吃大腿窩上的筋,因為那人打了雅各伯的大腿窩,正打在筋上。 32Therefore the children of Israel, unto this day, eat not the sinew, that shrank in Jacob's thigh: because he touched the sinew of his thigh and it shrank.

注释
32:1-3
雅各伯途遇天使,暗示他必蒙天主护佑(31:3),平安回到本乡。

32:10-13
雅各伯的祈祷,全依赖天主在贝特耳应许他的慈恩(28:13-15)。

32:23-33
同雅各伯搏斗的那位,是代替天主的一位天使。天使更改他的名字,以暗示他得的祝福。「以色列」一名;含有与天主搏斗的意思。雅各伯与天使的神秘搏斗,不但预兆他个人,而且也预兆他的後代子孙以色列人要有的艰苦命运和要获得的胜利。教父多解释,这搏斗也表示恒心祈祷而必蒙应允的象徵。的确,雅各伯从此以後,他的品行前後判若两人。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 33
1雅各伯舉目,看見厄撒烏帶了四百人前來,遂將孩子分別交與肋阿、辣黑耳和兩個婢女; 1And Jacob lifting up his eyes, saw Esau coming, and with him four hundred men: and he divided the children of Lia, and of Rachel, and of the two handmaids:
2將兩個婢女和她們的孩子放在最前面,其次是肋阿和她的孩子,最後是辣黑耳和若瑟。 2And he put both the handmaids and their children foremost: and Lia and her children in the second place: and Rachel and Joseph last.
3他自己走在他們前面,七次伏地叩拜,直到來到哥哥前。 3And he went forward and bowed down with his face to the ground seven times until his brother came near.
4厄撒烏卻向他跑來,抱住他,撲在他頸上吻他,兩人都哭了。 4Then Esau ran to meet his brother, and embraced him: and clasping him fast about the neck, and kissing him, wept.
5厄撒烏舉目,看見女人和孩子,遂問說:「這些人是你的什麼人?」雅各伯答說:「是天主恩賜給你僕人的孩子。」 5And lifting up his eyes, he saw the women and their children, and said: What mean these? And do they belong to thee? He answered: They are the children which God hath given to me thy servant.
6於是婢女和她們的孩子前來叩拜了。 6Then the handmaids and their children came near, and bowed themselves.
7肋阿和她的孩子也前來叩拜了,最後若瑟和辣黑耳才近前來叩拜。 7Lia also with her children came near, and bowed down in like manner, and last of all Joseph and Rachel bowed down.
8厄撒烏又問說:「我所見的這一大隊,有什麼意思?」雅各伯答說:「這是蒙我主悅納的。」 8And Esau said: What are the droves that I met? He answered: That I might find favour before my lord.
9厄撒烏說:「我的兄弟,我已夠富足了;你的,你留下罷!」 9But he said: I have plenty, my brother, keep what is thine for thyself.
10雅各伯說:「請不要這樣!我若真蒙你悅納,請你收下我手中的禮物;因為我見了你的面,就如見了天主的面;你實在仁厚接待了我。 10And Jacob said: Do not so I beseech thee, but if I have found favour in thy eyes, receive a little present at my hands: for I have seen thy face, as if I should have seen the countenance of God: be gracious to me,
11請你收下我獻給你的禮品;因為天主厚待了我,我什麼都有了。」由於雅各伯極力懇請,他才收下了。 11And take the blessing, which I have brought thee, and which God hath given me, who giveth all things. He took it with much ado at his brother's earnest pressing him,
12厄撒烏說:「我們起程前行,我願與你同行。」 12And said: Let us go on together, and I will accompany thee in thy journey.
13雅各伯對他說:「我主知道,孩子尚幼小,我還要照顧尚在哺乳的牛羊,若一天只顧催趕,全群牲畜都要死盡。 13And Jacob said: My lord, thou knowest that I have with me tender children, and sheep, and kine with young: which if I should cause to be overdriven, in one day all the flocks will die.
14還是請我主在你僕人前先行;我要照我前面的牲畜和孩子們的腳步,慢慢前行;直至達到色依爾我主那裡。」 14May it please my lord to go before his servant: and I will follow softly after him, as I shall see my children to be able, until I come to my lord in Seir.
15厄撒烏說:「讓我留下幾個跟我的人陪著你。」雅各伯說:「只要我能蒙我主悅納,又何必如此!」 15Esau answered: I beseech thee, that some of the people at least, who are with me, may stay to accompany thee in the way. And he said: There is no necessity: I want nothing else but only to find favour, my lord, in thy sight.
16厄撒烏就在當天回了色依爾。 16So Esau returned, that day, the way that he came, to Seir.
17雅各伯卻動身往穌苛特去了,在那裡為自己蓋了一座房屋,為牲畜搭了些棚子;為此給那地起名叫「穌苛特」。 17And Jacob came to Socoth: where having built a house, and pitched tents, he called the name of the place Socoth, that is, Tents.
18雅各伯由帕丹阿蘭回來,平安來到客納罕地的舍根城,在城的對面支搭了帳幕。 18And he passed over to Salem, a city of the Sichemites, which is in the land of Chanaan, after he returned from Mesopotamia of Syria: and he dwelt by the town:
19他支搭帳幕的那塊地,是由舍根的父親哈摩爾的兒子們手裡,用一百塊銀錢買來的。 19And he bought that part of the field, in which he pitched his tents, of the children of Hemor, the father of Sichem for a hundred lambs.
20雅各伯在那裡建立了一座祭壇,稱它為:「大能者以色列的天主」。 20And raising an altar there, he invoked upon it the most mighty God of Israel.

注释
33:1-11
厄撒乌的宽宏大量,的确是他的优点,全忘了弟弟二十年前对不住自己的事。但雅各伯对哥哥的赤诚总怀猜忌的心。10节「就如见了天主的面」,等於说:「如见了大恩主」。

33:17
稣苛特位於约但河东,靠近雅波克河。

33:18
舍根是雅各伯在客纳罕常住的地方;他在那里买了一块地,日後作了若瑟的坟地(苏24:32;若4:5)。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 34
1肋阿給雅各伯生的女兒狄納,要去看看當地的女人。 1And Dina the daughter of Lia went out to see the women of that country.
2當地酋長希威人哈摩爾的兒子舍根看見她,就抓住她,強姦了她,玷辱了她。 2And when Sichem the son of Hemor the Hevite, the prince of that land, saw her, he was in love with her: and took her away, and lay with her, ravishing the virgin.
3他的心迷戀雅各伯的女兒狄納,深愛這少女,說寬慰她心的話。 3And his soul was fast knit unto her, and whereas she was sad, he comforted her with sweet words.
4事後,舍根向自己的父親哈摩爾說:「請給我娶這少女為妻。」 4And going to Hemor his father, he said: Get me this damsel to wife.
5雅各伯聽見舍根污辱了女兒狄納,但因他的兒子們那時正在鄉間看守他的牲畜,所以沒有作聲,等他們回來。 5But when Jacob had heard this, his sons being absent, and employed in feeding the cattle, he held his peace till they came back.
6舍根的父親哈摩爾前來見雅各伯,與他商議。 6And when Hemor the father of Sichem was come out to speak to Jacob,
7那時雅各伯的兒子已由鄉間回來,一聽見這消息,就人人憤恨,非常惱怒,因為有人對以色列做出了這樣的醜事:竟與雅各伯的女兒同臥;這是不應該做的。 7Behold his sons came from the field: and hearing what had passed, they were exceeding angry, because he had done a foul thing in Israel, and committed an unlawful act, in ravishing Jacob's daughter,
8哈摩爾與他們商議說:「我兒舍根的心迷戀你們的女兒,請你們將她嫁給他為妻。 8And Hemor spoke to them: The soul of my son Sichem has a longing for your daughter: give her him to wife:
9你們可與我們互通婚姻:將你們的女兒嫁給我們,你們也可娶我們的女兒; 9And let us contract marriages one with another: give us your daughters and take you our daughters,
10這樣你們可同我們住在一起,本地都擺在你們面前,你們可在其中居住、行動、置業。」 10And dwell with us: the land is at your command, till, trade, and possess it.
11舍根也對狄納的父親和她的兄弟們說:「只要我在你們眼中蒙恩,凡你們要求的,我必依從。 11Sichem also said to her father and to her brethren: Let me find favour in your sight: and whatsoever you shall appoint I will give.
12任憑你們向我要多少聘金和禮品,我必照你們提出的交付,只要你們將這少女給我為妻。」 12Raise the dowry, and ask gifts, and I will gladly give what you shall demand: only give me this damsel to wife.
13雅各伯的兒子因為舍根污辱了他們的妹妹狄納,就用欺詐的話答覆舍根和他父親哈摩爾, 13The sons of Jacob answered Sichem and his father deceitfully, being enraged at the deflowering of their sister:
14說:「將我們的妹妹嫁給一個沒有受割損的人,為我們實是一大恥辱,我們不能這樣作。 14We cannot do what you demand, nor give our sister to one that is uncircumcised, which with us is unlawful and abominable.
15除非有這個條件,我們不能同意:你們都應和我們一樣,使你們中所有的男子都受割損; 15But in this we may be allied with you, if you will be like us, and all the male sex among you be circumcised:
16以後我們可將我們的女兒嫁給你們,我們也可娶你們的女兒;我們與你們住在一起,成為一個民族。 16Then will we mutually give and take your daughters, and ours: and we will dwell with you, and will be one people:
17如果你們不肯聽從我們而受割損,我們就帶著我們的女兒離去。」 17But if you will not be circumcised, we will take our daughter and depart:
18哈摩爾和他的兒子舍根認為他們的建議很好。 18Their offer pleased Hemor, and Sichem his son:
19這少年毫不遲延地要照這建議進行,因為他喜愛雅各伯的女兒,更何況他還是他父親全家族中最重要的人物。 19And the young man made no delay, but forthwith fulfilled what was required, for he loved the damsel exceedingly, and he was the greatest man in all his father's house.
20哈摩爾和自己的兒子舍根於是來到城門口,向本城的人提議說: 20And going into the gate of the city they spoke to the people:
21「這些人對我們很和善,讓他們住在本地內,在這裡活動;本地原很廣闊,足夠容納他們。我們可娶他們的女兒為妻,也可將我們的女兒嫁給他們。 21These men are peaceable and willing to dwell with us: let them trade in the land, and till it, which being large and wide wanteth men to till it: we shall take their daughters for wives, and we will give them ours.
22但是,這些人只有一個條件,才同意與我們住在一起,形成一個民族:就是我們中所有的男子都應受割損,如同他們受了割損一樣。 22One thing there is for which so great a good is deferred: We must circumcise every male among us, following the manner of the nation.
23這樣,他們的家畜和財產,以及一切牲口,豈不都歸了我們!只要我們同意,他們就肯同我們住在一起。」 23And their substance, and cattle, and all that they possess, shall be ours: only in this let us condescend, and by dwelling together, we shall make one people.
24凡由城門出入的人,都聽從了哈摩爾和他的兒子舍根的話;由城門出入的男子,都受了割損。 24And they all agreed, and circumcised all the males.
25第三天,他們正疼痛難忍時,雅各伯的兩個兒子,狄納的哥哥西默盎和肋未,各自拿了一把刀,不慌不忙進了城,殺了所有的男子; 25And behold the third day, when the pain of the wound was greatest, two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, the brothers of Dina, taking their swords, entered boldly into the city, and slew all the men:
26又用刀殺了哈摩爾和他的兒子舍根,由舍根房內領出狄納而去。 26And they killed also Hemor and Sichem, and took away their sister Dina, out of Sichem's house.
27雅各伯其餘的兒子因了自己的妹妹受污,乘人被殺就前來洗劫城邑, 27And when they were gone out, the other sons of Jacob came upon the slain; and plundered the city in revenge of the rape.
28奪去了他們的羊群、牛群和驢,並城內和鄉間所有的一切。 28And they took their sheep and their herds and their asses, wasting all they had in their houses and in the fields.
29凡是他們的財物,連他們所有的孩子和婦女都擄了去;凡屋內所有的一切,都奪了去。 29And their children and wives they took captive,
30雅各伯事後對西默盎和肋未說:「你們害了我,使我在本地的居民,即客納罕人和培黎齊人中,成了個可恨的人。我的人數少,如果他們聯合起來反對我,攻擊我,那末我和我全家就必同歸於盡。」 30And when they had boldly perpetrated these things, Jacob said to Simeon and Levi: You have troubled me, and made me hateful to the Chanaanites and Pherezites, the inhabitants of this land: we are few: they will gather themselves together and kill me; and both I, and my house, shall be destroyed.
31他們回答說:「難道人應待我們的妹妹如同一個妓女?」 31They answered: Should they abuse our sister as a strumpet?

注释
34:1-31
雅各伯的两个儿子的行为,是背信违义的罪。西默盎、肋未和狄纳为同母兄妹,二人更觉得雪耻的心。为了残杀舍根的人,日後他们二人受了父亲的诅咒(49:5-7)。关於强奸罪的处罚,日後法律的制裁很合乎人道(出22:15-16;申22:29)。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 35
1天主對雅各伯說:「起來,上貝特耳去,住在那裡,為你昔日逃避你哥哥厄撒烏在那裡顯現給你的天主,築一祭壇。」 1In the meantime God said to Jacob: Arise, and go up to Bethel, and dwell there, and make there an altar to God, who appeared to thee when thou didst flee from Esau thy brother.
2雅各伯便對家人和跟隨他的人說:「你們應除去你們中間所有外邦的神像,並取潔,更換衣服, 2And Jacob having called together all his household, said: Cast away the strange gods that are among you, and be cleansed and change your garments.
3因為我們要起身上貝特耳去;在那裡我要給在我困苦的時日俯聽了我,在我所走的路上伴隨了我的天主,築一祭壇。」 3Arise, and let us go up to Bethel, that we may make there an altar to God: who heard me in the day of my affliction, and accompanied me in my journey.
4眾人便將自己手中所有外邦的神像,所有的耳環,都交給了雅各伯;雅各伯就都埋在那靠近舍根的橡樹底下。 4So they gave him all the strange gods they had, and the earrings which were in their ears: and he buried them under the turpentine tree, that is behind the city of Sichem.
5當他們起程出發時,天主叫周圍的城邑都非常恐怖,為此誰也不敢追趕雅各伯的兒子。 5And when they were departed, the terror of God fell upon all the cities round about, and they durst not pursue after them as they went away.
6這樣,雅各伯和與他在一起的人,來到客納罕地的路次,即貝特耳; 6And Jacob came to Luza, which is in the land of Chanaan, surnamed Bethel: he and all the people that were with him.
7他在那裡築了一座祭壇。稱呼那地方為貝特耳,因為他逃避他哥哥時,天主曾在那裡顯現給他。 7And he built there an altar, and called the name of that place, The house of God: for there God appeared to him when he fled from his brother.
8其時黎貝加的乳母德波辣死了,就埋在貝特耳下面的一株橡樹底下;為此給這橡樹起名叫「悲泣的橡樹」。 8At the same time Debora the nurse of Rebecca died, and was buried at the foot of Bethel under an oak: and the name of that place was called, The oak of weeping.
9雅各伯由帕丹阿蘭回來後,天主又顯現給他,再祝福他。 9And God appeared again to Jacob, after he returned from Mesopotamia of Syria, and he blessed him,
10天主對他說:「你原叫雅各伯,但以後不再叫作雅各伯,卻要叫作以色列。」遂給他改名以色列。 10Saying: Thou shalt not be called any more Jacob, but Israel shall be thy name. And he called him Israel.
11天主又對他說:「我是全能的天主,你要生育繁殖;不但一個民族,而是一些民族要由你而生,許多君王要由你而生。 11And said to him: I am God Almighty, increase thou and be multiplied. Nations and peoples of nations shall be from thee, and kings shall come out of thy loins.
12我將賜給了亞巴郎和依撒格的土地賜給你;我也將這土地賜給你未來的後裔。」 12And the land which I gave to Abraham and Isaac, I will give to thee, and to thy seed after thee.
13然後天主就在與他談話的地方,離開他,上升去了。 13And he departed from him.
14雅各伯在天主與他談話地方,豎立了一根柱子,一根石柱;在上面行了奠祭,倒上油。 14But he set up a monument of stone, in the place where God had spoken to him: pouring drink offerings upon it, and pouring oil thereon:
15雅各伯給天主與他談話的地方起名叫貝特耳。 15And calling the name of that place Bethel.
16他們由貝特耳起程出發,離厄弗辣大還有一段路程時,辣黑耳要生產,感覺難產。 16And going forth from thence, he came in the springtime to the land which leadeth to Ephrata: wherein when Rachel was in travail,
17正當難產之際,收生婆對她說:「不要怕,你這次還是生個男孩。」 17By reason of her hard labour she began to be in danger, and the midwife said to her: Fear not, for thou shalt have this son also.
18辣黑耳將要斷氣快死的時候,給他起名叫本敖尼;但他的父親卻叫他本雅明。 18And when her soul was departing for pain, and death was now at hand, she called the name of her son Benoni, that is, The son of my pain: but his father called him Benjamin, that is, The son of the right hand.
19辣黑耳死了,葬在去厄弗辣大,即白冷的路旁。 19So Rachel died, and was buried in the highway that leadeth to Ephrata, this is Bethlehem.
20雅各伯在她墳上立了一塊碑;這塊辣黑耳墳上的碑,至今尚存。 20And Jacob erected a pillar over her sepulchre: this is the pillar of Rachel's monument, to this day.
21以色列又起程前行,在米革達耳厄德爾的那一面支搭了帳幕。 21Departing thence, he pitched his tent beyond the Flock tower.
22以色列住在那地時,勒烏本竟去與他父親的妾彼耳哈同睡;以色列後來聞知了此事。 22And when he dwelt in that country, Ruben went, and slept with Bala, the concubine of his father: which he was not ignorant of. Now the sons of Jacob were twelve.
23雅各伯的兒子共計十二人。肋阿的兒子:雅各伯的長子勒烏本、西默盎、肋未、猶大、依撒加爾和則步隆。 23The sons of Lia: Ruben the first born, and Simeon, and Levi, and Juda, and Issachar, and Zabulon.
24辣黑耳的兒子:若瑟和本雅明。 24The sons of Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.
25辣黑耳的婢女彼耳哈的兒子:丹和納斐塔里。 25The sons of Bala, Rachel's handmaid: Dan and Nephtali.
26肋阿的婢女齊耳帕的兒子:加得和阿協爾:這些都是雅各伯在帕丹阿蘭生的兒子。 26The sons of Zelpha, Lia's handmaid: Gad and Aser: these are the sons of Jacob, that were born to him in Mesopotamia of Syria.
27雅各伯來到了克黎雅特阿爾巴,即赫貝龍的瑪默勒他父親依撒格那裡,即亞巴郎和依撒格曾寄居過的地方。 27And he came to Isaac his father in Mambre, the city of Arbee, this is Hebron: wherein Abraham and Isaac sojourned.
28依撒格享壽一百八十歲。 28And the days of Isaac were a hundred and eighty years.
29他年高老邁,已享天年,遂斷氣而死,歸到他親族那裡去了;他的兒子厄撒烏和雅各伯將他埋葬了。 29And being spent with age he died, and was gathered to his people, being old and full of days: and his sons Esau and Jacob buried him.

注释
35:1-7
此段记述往贝特耳朝圣的事:除去偶像,如辣黑耳由娘家偷来的家神像;除去含有迷信意味的装饰品,如耳环等;此外还应取洁更衣,以示圣洁(出19:10-14)。

35:9-13
关於9-13节,参阅32:23-33;关於天主所重申的诺言,参见12:7; 13:15; 17:8; 24:7。

35:16-18
除本雅明外(16-18节),其馀十一子皆生於帕丹阿兰。

35:16-20
「本敖尼」,即「我的苦儿」之意。因此名不祥,雅各伯即更改为「本雅明」,即「我右手之子」,有「幸运儿」的意思。关於辣黑耳的坟墓,从古以来有两种传说:一在白冷附近;一在耶路撒冷北部靠近辣玛城(耶31:15)。

35:21-22
由於勒乌本犯了乱伦之罪,雅各伯临终时褫夺了他长子的名分,且重重地诅咒了他(49:4)。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 36
1以下是厄撒烏,即厄東的後裔: 1And these are the generations of Esau, the same is Edom.
2厄撒烏由客納罕女人中娶的妻子,有赫特人厄隆的女兒阿達,有曷黎人漆貝紅之子阿納的女兒敖曷里巴瑪; 2Esau took wives of the daughters of Chanaan: Ada the daughter of Elon the Hethite, and Oolibama the daughter of Ana, the daughter of Sebeon the Hevite:
3還有依市瑪耳的女兒,乃巴約特的姊妹巴色瑪特。 3And Basemath the daughter of Ismael, sister of Nabajoth.
4阿達給厄撒烏生了厄里法次;巴色瑪特生了勒烏耳; 4And Ada bore Eliphaz: Basemath bore Rahuel:
5敖曷里巴瑪生了耶烏士、雅藍和科辣黑:以上都是厄撒烏在客納罕地生的兒子。 5Oolibama bore Jehus and Ihelon and Core. These are the sons of Esau, that were born to him in the land of Chanaan.
6厄撒烏帶了自己的妻子兒女,和家中所有的人,並自己所有的牛羊家畜,以及在客納罕地所獲得的財物,遷移到色依爾,離開他的弟弟雅各伯, 6And Esau took his wives and his sons and daughters, and every soul of his house, and his substance, and cattle, and all that he was able to acquire in the land of Chanaan: and went into another country, and departed from his brother Jacob.
7因為他們家產太多,不能住在一起;他們寄居的地方,由於家畜太多,也容不下他們。 7For they were exceeding rich, and could not dwell together: neither was the land in which they sojourned able to bear them, for the multitude of their flocks.
8厄撒烏就住在色依爾山地。厄撒烏即是厄東。 8And Esau dwelt in mount Seir: he is Edom.
9以下是色依爾山地厄東人的始祖厄撒烏的後裔。 9And these are the generations of Esau the father of Edom in mount Seir,
10以下是厄撒烏子孫的名譜:厄撒烏的妻子阿達的兒子厄里法次;厄撒烏的妻子巴色瑪特的兒子勒烏耳。 10And these the names of his sons: Eliphaz the son of Ada the wife of Esau: and Rahuel the son of Basemath his wife.
11厄里法次的兒子:特曼、敖瑪爾、則缶、加堂和刻納次。 11And Eliphaz had sons: Theman, Omar, Sepho, and Gatham, and Cenez.
12厄撒烏的兒子厄里法次的妾提默納給厄里法次生了阿瑪肋克:以上是厄撒烏的妻子阿達的子孫。 12And Thamna was the concubine of Eliphaz the son of Esau: and she bore him Amalech. These are the sons of Ada the wife of Esau.
13勒烏耳的兒子:納哈特、則辣黑、沙瑪和米匝:以上是厄撒烏的妻子巴色瑪特的子孫。 13And the sons of Rahuel were Nahath and Zara, Samma and Meza. These were the sons of Basemath the wife of Esau.
14以下是漆貝紅之子阿納的女兒,厄撒烏的妻子敖曷里巴瑪的兒子:她給厄撒烏生了耶烏士、雅藍和科辣黑。 14And these were the sons of Oolibama, the daughter of Ana, the daughter of Sebeon, the wife of Esau, whom she bore to him, Jehus, and Ihelon, and Core.
15以下是厄撒烏子孫中的族長:厄撒烏的長子厄里法次的子孫中,有特曼族長,敖瑪爾族長,則缶族長,刻納次族長, 15These were dukes of the sons of Esau: the sons of Eliphaz the firstborn of Esau: duke Theman, duke Omar, duke Sepho, duke Cenez,
16科辣黑族長,加堂族長和阿瑪肋克族長:以上是厄東地厄里法次族的族長,都是阿達的子孫。 16Duke Core, duke Gatham, duke Amalech: these are the sons of Eliphaz, in the land of Edom, and these the sons of Ada.
17厄撒烏的兒子勒烏耳的子孫中,有納哈特族長,則辣黑族長,沙瑪族長和米匝族長:以上是厄東地勒烏耳族的族長,都是厄撒烏的妻子巴色瑪特的子孫。 17And these were the sons of Rahuel, the son of Esau: duke Nahath, duke Zara, duke Samma, duke Meza. And these are the dukes of Rahuel, in the land of Edom: these the sons of Basemath the wife of Esau.
18厄撒烏的妻子敖曷里巴瑪的子孫中有耶烏士族長,雅藍族長和科辣黑族長:以上是阿納的女兒,厄撒烏的妻子敖曷里巴瑪子孫中的族長。 18And these the sons of Oolibama the wife of Esau: duke Jehus, duke Ihelon, duke Core. These are the dukes of Oolibama, the daughter of Ana, and wife of Esau.
19以上都是厄撒烏的子孫,都是族長。這就是厄東。 19These are the sons of Esau, and these the dukes of them: the same is Edom.
20以下是當地居民曷黎人色依爾的子孫:羅堂、芍巴耳、漆貝紅、阿雅、 20These are the sons of Seir the Horrite, the inhabitants of the land: Lotan, and Sobal, and Sebeon, and Ana,
21狄雄、厄責爾和狄商:以上是厄東地色依爾子孫曷黎人的族長。 21And Dison, and Eser, and Disan. These are dukes of the Horrites, the sons of Seir in the land of Edom.
22羅堂的兒子:曷黎和赫曼;羅堂的姊妹是提默納。 22And Lotan had sons: Hori and Heman. And the sister of Lotan was Thamna.
23芍巴耳的兒子:阿耳汪、瑪納哈特、厄巴耳、舍佛和敖南。 23And these the sons of Sobal: Alvan and Manahat, and Ebal, and Sepho, and Oman.
24漆貝紅的兒子:阿雅和阿納;那在曠野裡牧放他父親漆貝紅的驢,發現溫泉的,就是這位阿納。 24And these the sons of Sebeon: Aia and Ana. This is Ana that found the hot waters in the wilderness, when he fed the asses of Sebeon his father:
25阿納的兒子狄雄;阿納的女兒就是敖曷里巴瑪。 25And he had a son Dison, and a daughter Oolibama.
26狄雄的兒子:赫默丹、厄市班、依特蘭和革蘭。 26And these were the sons of Dison: Hamdan, and Eseban, and Jethram, and Charan.
27厄責爾的兒子:彼耳漢、匝汪和阿甘。 27These also were the sons of Eser: Balaan, and Zavan, and Acan.
28狄商的兒子:伍茲和阿郎。 28And Disan had sons: Hus, and Aram.
29以下是曷黎人的族長:羅堂族長,芍巴耳族長,漆貝紅族長,阿納族長, 29These were dukes of the Horrites: duke Lotan, duke Sobal, duke Sebeon, duke Ana,
30狄雄族長,厄責爾族長和狄商族長:以上是色依爾地曷黎人各族的族長。 30Duke Dison, duke Eser, duke Disan: these were dukes of the Horrites that ruled in the land of Seir.
31以下是在以色列子民未有君王統治以前,統治厄東地的君王。 31And the kings that ruled in the land of Edom, before the children of Israel had a king were these:
32貝敖爾的兒子貝拉在厄東作王,他的京城名叫丁哈巴。 32Bela the son of Beor, and the name of his city Denaba.
33貝拉死後,波責辣人則辣黑的兒子約巴布繼他為王。 33And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zara of Bosra reigned in his stead.
34約巴布死後,特曼地人胡商繼他為王。 34And when Jobab was dead, Husam of the land of the Themanites reigned in his stead.
35胡商死後,貝達得的兒子哈達得繼他為王,他曾在摩阿布平原擊敗了米德楊人。他的京城名叫阿威特。 35And after his death, Adad the son of Badad reigned in his stead, who defeated the Madianites in the country of Moab: and the name of his city was Avith.
36哈達得死後,瑪斯勒卡人撒默拉繼他為王。 36And when Adad was dead, there reigned in his stead, Semla of Masreca.
37撒默拉死後,河間的勒曷波特人沙烏耳繼他為王。 37And he being dead, Saul of the river Rohoboth, reigned in his stead.
38沙烏耳死後,阿革波爾的兒子巴耳哈南繼他為王。 38And when he also was dead, Balanan the son of Achobor succeeded to the kingdom.
39阿革波爾的兒子巴耳哈南死後,哈達得繼他為王;他的京城名叫帕烏。他的妻子名叫默塔貝耳,是默匝哈布人瑪特勒得的女兒。 39This man also being dead, Adar reigned in his place, and the name of his city was Phau: and his wife was called Meetabel, the daughter of Matred, daughter of Mezaab.
40厄撒烏族的族長名稱,依族系和地區名列如下:提默納族長,阿耳瓦族長,耶太特族長, 40And these are the names of the dukes of Esau in their kindreds, and places, and callings: duke Thamna, duke Alva, duke Jetheth,
41敖曷里巴瑪族長,厄拉族長,丕農族長, 41Duke Oolibama, duke Ela, duke Phinon,
42刻納次族長,特曼族長,米貝匝爾族長, 42Duke Cenez, duke Theman, duke Mabsar,
43瑪革狄耳族長和依蘭族長:以上是厄東人在所佔有的地方,依住區所有的族長。厄東人的始祖即是厄撒烏。 43Duke Magdiel, duke Hiram: these are the dukes of Edom dwelling in the land of their government; the same is Esau the father of the Edomites.

注释
36:1-43
作者在本章搜集了有关厄撒乌族的文献和口传,所有异同之处未加修正。2节「曷黎人」,本作「希威人」,今按20节改;参阅14:6;申2:12-22;编上1:39。

36:6
色依尔按叙译本补入。

36:12
阿玛肋克後代成为一强大民族(户24:20;出17:8-16;申25:17-19)。

36:19
「这就是厄东」,是说上述的各部落都住在厄东地方。

36:20-30
曷黎人与厄东人此时同住在一个地域内,逐渐为厄东人同化。曷黎人的遗物近年多有发见,圣经的记载由这些发见,取得不少旁证。

36:37
「河间的勒曷波特」,不可考。「河」也许指幼发拉的河。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 37
1雅各伯定居在他父親作客的客納罕地方。 1And Jacob dwelt in the land of Chanaan wherein his father sojourned.
2以下是雅各伯的小史。若瑟十七歲時,與哥哥們一同放羊。他尚年幼,常與自己的父親的妻子彼耳哈和齊耳帕的兒子們在一起。他不斷將他們作的惡事報告給父親。 2And these are his generations: Joseph, when he was sixteen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren, being but a boy: and he was with the sons of Bala and of Zelpha his father's wives: and he accused his brethren to his father of a most wicked crime.
3以色列愛若瑟超過其他的兒子,因為是他年老生的,並給他做了一件彩色長衫。 3Now Israel loved Joseph above all his sons, because he had him in his old age: and he made him a coat of divers colours.
4他的哥哥們見父親愛他勝過其餘的兒子,就忌恨他,不能與他和氣交談。 4And his brethren seeing that he was loved by his father, more than all his sons, hated him, and could not speak peaceably to him.
5若瑟作了一夢,講給哥哥們聽,因此他們越發惱恨他。 5Now it fell out also that he told his brethren a dream, that he had dreamed: which occasioned them to hate him the more.
6他對他們說:「請聽我作的夢: 6And he said to them: Hear my dream which I dreamed.
7我夢見我們同在田中捆麥子,忽然我的麥捆站起來,你們的麥捆圍住我的麥捆下拜。」 7I thought we were binding sheaves in the field: and my sheaf arose as it were, and stood, and your sheaves standing about, bowed down before my sheaf.
8他哥哥們對他說:「難道你要作我們的君王?或者統治我們?」他們為了這夢和這番話,越發惱恨他。 8His brethren answered: Shalt thou be our king? or shall we be subject to thy dominion? Therefore this matter of his dreams and words ministered nourishment to their envy and hatred.
9他又作了一夢,也告訴他哥哥們說:「我又作了一夢:夢見太陽和月亮並十一顆星辰向我下拜。」 9He dreamed also another dream, which he told his brethren, saying: I saw in a dream, as it were the sun, and the moon, and eleven stars worshipping me.
10當他給父親和哥哥們講說這夢時,他父親就責斥他說:「你作的是什麼夢?難道我和你母親以及你的兄弟,都要來向你叩首至地?」 10And when he had told this to his father and brethren, his father rebuked him, and said: What meaneth this dream that thou hast dreamed? shall I and thy mother, and thy brethren worship thee upon the earth?
11他兄弟們都忌恨他;他父親卻將這事存在心裡。 11His brethren therefore envied him: but his father considered the thing with himself.
12若瑟的哥哥們去了舍根,放他們父親的羊。 12And when his brethren abode in Sichem feeding their father's flocks,
13以色列對若瑟說:「你哥哥們不是在舍根放羊麼?來,我打發你去看看他們。」他回答說:「我在這裡。」 13Israel said to him: Thy brethren feed the sheep in Sichem: come, I will send thee to them. And when he answered:
14以色列對他說:「你去看看你哥哥們是否平安,羊群怎樣;然後回來告訴我。」以色列便打發他由赫貝龍山谷前去;他到了舍根。 14I am ready: he said to him: Go, and see if all things be well with thy brethren, and the cattle: and bring me word again what is doing. So being sent from the vale of Hebron, he came to Sichem:
15有一個人見他在田間遊蕩,那人就問他說:「你尋找什麼?」 15And a man found him there wandering in the field, and asked what he sought.
16他答說:「我尋找我的哥哥;請告訴我:他們在那裡放羊?」 16But he answered: I seek my brethren; tell me where they feed the flocks.
17那人答說:「他們已離開了這裡;我聽見他們說:我們到多堂去。」於是若瑟便去追尋他的哥哥,在多堂找到了。 17And the man said to him: They are departed from this place: for I heard them say: Let us go to Dothain. And Joseph went forward after his brethren, and found them in Dothain.
18他們老遠就看見了他;在他尚未來近以前,就已決定要謀殺他。 18And when they saw him afar off, before he came nigh them, they thought to kill him.
19他們彼此說:「看,那作夢的人來了! 19And said one to another: Behold the dreamer cometh.
20我們殺掉他,將他拋在一口井裡,說是猛獸吃了。看他的夢還有什麼用?」 20Come, let us kill him, and cast him into some old pit: and we will say: Some evil beast hath devoured him: and then it shall appear what his dreams avail him:
21勒烏本聽了,就設法由他們手中救他,遂說:「我們不要害他!」 21And Ruben hearing this, endeavoured to deliver him out of their hands, and said:
22勒烏本又對他們說:「你們不要流血;只將他丟在這曠野的井裡,不可下手害他。」他的意思是想由他們手中救出他來,還給父親。 22Do not take away his life, nor shed his blood: but cast him into this pit, that is in the wilderness, and keep your hands harmless: now he said this, being desirous to deliver him out of their hands and to restore him to his father.
23若瑟一來到他哥哥們那裡,他們就脫去了他穿的那件彩色長衣,抓住他,把他丟在井裡; 23And as soon as he came to his brethren, they forthwith stript him of his outside coat, that was of divers colours:
24那井是空的,裡面沒有水。 24And cast him into an old pit, where there was no water.
25他們坐下吃飯時,舉目看見一隊由基肋阿得來的依市瑪耳人;他們的駱駝滿載樹膠、香液和香料,要下到埃及去。 25And sitting down to eat bread, they saw some Ismaelites on their way coming from Galaad, with their camels, carrying spices, and balm, and myrrh to Egypt.
26猶大遂對兄弟們說:「殺害我們的弟弟,隱瞞他的血,究竟有什麼益處? 26And Juda said to his brethren: What will it profit us to kill our brother, and conceal his blood?
27不如將他賣給依市瑪耳人,免得對他下毒手,因為他究竟是我們的兄弟,是我們的骨肉。」兄弟們聽從了他的意見。 27It is better that he be sold to the Ismaelites, and that our hands be not defiled: for he is our brother and our flesh. His brethren agreed to his words.
28米德楊的商人經過那裡時,他們便從井中拉出若瑟來,以二十塊銀錢賣給了依市瑪耳人;他們便將若瑟帶到埃及去了。 28And when the Madianite merchants passed by, they drew him out of the pit, and sold him to the Ismaelites, for twenty pieces of silver: and they led him into Egypt.
29勒烏本回到井邊,不見若瑟在井內,遂撕裂了自己的衣服, 29And Ruben, returning to the pit, found not the boy:
30回到兄弟們那裡喊說:「孩子不見了!我可往那裡去呢?」 30And rending his garments he went to his brethren, and said: The boy doth not appear and whither shall I go?
31他們於是拿了若瑟的長衣,殺了一隻公山羊,將長衣浸在血裡; 31And they took his coat, and dipped it in the blood of a kid, which they had killed:
32然後派人將那件彩色的長衣送給他們的父親說:「這是我們尋得的,請你仔細看看,是不是你兒子的長衣?」 32Sending some to carry it to their father, and to say: This we have found: see whether it be thy son's coat, or not.
33雅各伯仔細一看,就喊說:「是我兒子的長衣;猛獸將他吃了。若瑟被撕裂了,被撕裂了!」 33And the father acknowledging it, said: It is my son's coat, an evil wild beast hath eaten him, a beast hath devoured Joseph.
34雅各伯遂撕裂了自己的衣服,腰間圍上麻衣,為自己的兒子悲哀了多日。 34And tearing his garments, he put on sackcloth, mourning for his son a long time.
35雖然他的兒女都來安慰他,他卻不肯接受他們的安慰,說:「我只有悲哀地下到陰間,往我兒那裡去!」他的父親竟這樣哀悼他。 35And all his children being gathered together to comfort their father in his sorrow, he would not receive comfort, but said: I will go down to my son into hell, mourning. And whilst he continued weeping,
36米德楊人後來在埃及將若瑟賣給了法郎的內臣,衛隊長普提法爾。 36The Madianites sold Joseph in Egypt to Putiphar, an eunuch of Pharao, captain of the soldiers.

注释
37:1-14
由14节知雅各伯住在赫贝龙。这是圣祖、民长和列王时代的名城。今日是回教的圣地。37-47十一章所载若瑟的小史,是十分动人的美丽故事。若瑟约当埃及希克索斯朝代。在圣祖的故事中,处处歌颂天主对他们的照顾。

37:10
若瑟的母亲辣黑耳已经死了,雅各伯的话似乎是指他的正妻肋阿。

37:26-27
杀人流血的罪,不论怎样隐瞒,必有败露的一日(4:10;则24:7-8)。

37: 28
依市玛耳和米德杨人是埃及和叙利亚两国间交易的商贩。教父、圣师和圣教礼仪多以被杀的亚伯尔,要祭杀的依撒格,被出卖的若瑟作为救主耶稣的预像。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 38
1那時猶大離開自己的兄弟,下到一個名叫希辣的阿杜藍人那裡住下了。 1At that time Juda went down from his brethren, and turned in to a certain Odollamite, named Hiras.
2猶大在那裡看見了一個名叫叔亞的客納罕人的女兒,就娶了她,親近了她。 2And he saw there the daughter of a man of Chanaan, called Sue: and taking her to wife, he went in unto her.
3她遂懷孕,生了一個兒子,給他起名叫厄爾。 3And she conceived, and bore a son, and called his name Her.
4她又懷孕,生了一個兒子,給他起名敖難。 4And conceiving again, she bore a son, and called him Onan.
5以後她又生了一個兒子,給他起名叫舍拉;生他的時候,猶大正在革齊布。 5She bore also a third: whom she called Sela. After whose birth, she ceased to bear any more.
6猶大給自己的長子厄爾娶了妻子,名叫塔瑪爾。 6And Juda took a wife for Her his firstborn, whose name was Thamar.
7猶大的長子厄爾行了上主所厭惡的事,上主就叫他死了。 7And Her, the firstborn of Juda, was wicked in the sight of the Lord: and was slain by him.
8於是猶大對敖難說:「你去與你哥哥的妻子親近,與她盡你為弟弟的義務,給你哥哥立後。」 8Juda, therefore said to Onan his son: Go in to thy brother's wife and marry her, that thou mayst raise seed to thy brother.
9敖難明知後裔不歸自己,所以當他與哥哥的妻子結合時,便將精液遺洩於地,免得給自己的哥哥立後。 9He knowing that the children should not be his, when he went in to his brother's wife, spilled his seed upon the ground, lest children should be born in his brother's name.
10他作這事,為上主所厭惡,上主就叫他死了。 10And therefore the Lord slew him, because he did a detestable thing.
11猶大於是對兒媳塔瑪爾說:「你回到你父親家中去守寡,直到我兒子舍拉長大成人。」因為他心裡想:「恐怕他也如同他哥哥們一樣死去。」塔瑪爾就回去,住在自己父親的家裡。 11Wherefore Juda said to Thamar his daughter in law: Remain a widow in thy father's house, till Sela my son grow up: for he was afraid lest he also might die, as his brethren did. She went her way and dwelt in her father's house.
12過了幾年,猶大的妻子叔亞的女兒死了。喪期過後,猶大便同自己的朋友阿杜藍人希辣,上提默納黑去剪羊毛。 12And after many days were past, the daughter of Sue the wife of Juda died: and when he had taken comfort after his mourning, he went up to Thamnas, to the shearers of his sheep, he and Hiras the Odollamite the shepherd of his flock.
13有人告訴塔瑪爾說:「你公公現正上提默納黑去剪羊毛。」 13And it was told Thamar that her father in law was come up to Thamnas to shear his sheep.
14塔瑪爾遂脫去守寡的衣服,蒙上首帕,遮掩自己,坐在通往提默納黑大道去厄納殷的路口上;──原來她見舍拉已經長大,還沒有娶她為妻。── 14And she put off the garments of her widowhood, and took a veil: and changing her dress, sat in the cross way, that leadeth to Thamnas: because Sela was grown up, and she had not been married to him.
15猶大一看見她,以為她是個妓女,因為她遮蓋了自己的臉。 15When Juda saw her, he thought she was a harlot: for she had covered her face, lest she should be known.
16猶大便由路上轉到她面前,向她說:「來!讓我與你親近!」他並不知她就是自己的兒媳。她答說:「你給我什麼,好與我親近?」 16And going to her, he said: Suffer me to lie with thee: for he knew her not to be his daughter in law. And she answered: What wilt thou give me to enjoy my company?
17猶大答說:「由羊群中取一隻小公山羊送給你。」塔瑪爾說:「你未送來以前,你應給我個抵押。」 17He said: I will send thee a kid out of the flock. And when she said again: I will suffer what thou wilt, if thou give a pledge, till thou send what thou promisest,
18猶大問說:「我該給你什麼作抵押?」她答說:「你的印章,你的繫印帶和你手中的棍杖。」猶大便交給了她,與她親近了;她於是由他懷了孕。 18Juda said: What wilt thou have for a pledge? She answered: Thy ring and bracelet, and the staff which thou holdest in thy hand. The woman therefore at one copulation conceived.
19事後,她起來回家,除掉首帕,再穿上她守寡的衣服。 19And she arose and went her way: and putting off the apparel which she had taken, put on the garments of her widowhood.
20猶大託自己的朋友阿杜藍人送了一隻小公山羊去,好由那女人手中取回抵押;他卻找不到她, 20And Juda sent a kid by his shepherd, the Odollamite, that he might receive the pledge again, which he had given to the woman: but he, not finding her,
21便問當地人說:「那在厄納殷路旁的廟妓在那裡?」人答說:「這裡從來沒有廟妓。」 21Asked the men of that place: Where is the woman that sat in the cross way? And when they all made answer: There was no harlot in this place,
22他回來對猶大說:「我找不著她,並且當地的人都說:這裡從來沒有廟妓。」 22He returned to Juda, and said to him: I have not found her; moreover the men of that place said to me, that there never sat a harlot there.
23猶大遂說:「讓她留著罷!免得我們被人嗤笑。我將小公山羊送了去,可是你沒有找著她。」 23Juda said: Let her take it to herself; surely she cannot charge us with a, lie: I sent the kid which I promised: and thou didst not find her.
24大約過了三個月,有人告訴猶大說:「你的兒媳塔瑪爾與人通姦,而且因通姦有了身孕。猶大說:「把她拉出來燒死!」 24And behold after three months they told Juda, saying: Thamar, thy daughter in law hath played the harlot, and she appeareth to have a big belly. And Juda said: Bring her out that she may be burnt.
25當她被拉出來時,她派人到她公公那裡說:「這些東西是誰的,我就是由誰懷了孕。」並且說:「請你仔細看看這些東西:印章、印帶和棍杖是誰的?」 25But when she was led to execution, she sent to her father in law, saying: By the man, to whom these things belong, I am with child. See whose ring, and bracelet, and staff this is.
26猶大仔細一看,就說:「她比我更有理,因為我尚沒有將她嫁給我的兒子舍拉。」他從此以後,再沒有認識她。 26But he acknowledging the gifts, said: She is juster than I: because I did not give her to Sela, my son. However, he knew her no more.
27到了她要生產的時候,腹中竟是一對雙胎。 27And when she was ready to be brought to bed, there appeared twins in her womb: and in the very delivery of the infants, one put forth a hand, whereon the midwife tied a scarlet thread, saying:
28她正生產時,一個胎兒伸出一手來,收生婆就拿了一根朱紅線繫在他手上說:「這個是先出生的。」 28This shall come forth the first.
29但是他一收回手去,他的兄弟就出生了;收生婆說:「你為自己開了個怎樣的裂口!」遂給他起名叫培勒茲。 29But he drawing back his hand, the other came forth: and the woman said: Why is the partition divided for thee? and therefore called his name Phares.
30以後,那手上繫有朱紅線的兄弟也出生了,遂給他起名叫則辣黑。 30Afterwards his brother came out, on whose hand was the scarlet thread: and she called him Zara.

注释
38:1-10
在梅瑟立法以前,闪族中弟娶兄嫂的风俗早已流行(申25:5-10)。敖难若不亲近塔玛尔,按那时的风俗,应受处罚。他违背人道的罪,遭了天主的严罚。由於他犯的罪,伦理神学称为「敖难的淫行」;这也是「节育」被禁止的根据。

38:21
「庙妓」指客纳罕人当时在庙中献身於淫乱的女人。当时人以行淫拜神;这是他们遭天主消灭的原因之一(欧4:14;申23:18)。

38:24
参阅肋20:10; 21:9;申22:23-24;则16:40;若8:5。

38:27-30
收生婆所为是为判定谁为长子,谁为次子;培勒兹为默西亚的直系先祖之一,见玛1:3。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 39
1若瑟被人帶到埃及,有個埃及人普提法爾,是法郎的內臣兼衛隊長,從帶若瑟來的依市瑪耳人手裡買了他。 1And Joseph was brought into Egypt, and Putiphar an eunuch of Pharao, chief captain of the army, an Egyptian, bought him of the Ismaelites, by whom he was brought.
2上主與若瑟同在,他便事事順利,住在他埃及主人家裡。 2And the Lord was with him, and he was a prosperous man in all things: and he dwelt in his master's house,
3他主人見上主與若瑟同在,又見上主使他手中所做的事,無不順利; 3Who knew very well that the Lord was with him, and made all that he did to prosper in his hand.
4為此若瑟在他主人眼中得了寵,令他服事自己,託他管理自己的家務,將所有的一切,都交在他手中。 4And Joseph found favour in the sight of his master, and ministered to him: and being set over all by him, he governed the house committed to him, and all things that were delivered to him:
5自從主人託他管理家務和所有的一切以來,上主為若瑟的原故,祝福了這埃及人的家庭,他家內和田間所有的一切,都蒙受了上主的祝福。 5And the Lord blessed the house of the Egyptian for Joseph's sake, and multiplied all his substance, both at home, and in the fields.
6普提法爾將自己所有的一切,都交在若瑟的手裡;只要有他在,除自己所吃的食物外,其餘一概不管。若瑟生來體態秀雅,容貌俊美。 6Neither knew he any other thing, but the bread which he ate. And Joseph was of a beautiful countenance, and comely to behold.
7這些事以後,有一回,主人的妻子向若瑟以目傳情,並且說:「你與我同睡罷!」 7And after many days his mistress cast her eyes on Joseph, and said: Lie with me.
8他立即拒絕,對主人的妻子說:「你看,有我在,家中的事,我主人什麼都不管;凡他所有的一切,都交在我手中。 8But he, in no wise consenting to that wicked act, said to her: Behold, my master hath delivered all things to me, and knoweth not what he hath in his own house:
9在這一家內,他並不比我更有權勢,因為他沒有留下一樣不交給我;只有你除外,因為你是他的妻子。我怎能做這極惡的事,得罪天主呢?」 9Neither is there any thing which is not in my power, or that he hath not delivered to me, but thee, who art his wife: how then can I do this wicked thing, and sin against my God?
10她雖然天天這樣對若瑟說,若瑟總不聽從與她同睡,與她結合。 10With such words as these day by day, both the woman was importunate with the young man, and he refused the adultery.
11有這麼一天,若瑟走進屋內辦事,家人都沒有在屋裡, 11Now it happened on a certain day, that Joseph went into the house, and was doing some business without any, man with him:
12她便抓住若瑟的衣服說:「與我同睡罷!」若瑟把自己的外衣,捨在她手中,就跑到外面去了。 12And she catching the skirt of his garment, said: Lie with me. But he leaving the garment in her hand, fled, and went out.
13她一見若瑟把自己的外衣捨在她手中,跑到外面去了。 13And when the woman saw the garment in her hands, and herself disregarded,
14就召喚她的家人來,對他們說:「你們看!他給我們帶來的希伯來人竟敢調戲我啊!他來到我這裡,要與我同睡,我就大聲呼喊。 14She called to her the men of her house, and said to them: See, he hath brought in a Hebrew, to abuse us: he came in to me, to lie with me: and when I cried out,
15他一聽見我高聲呼喊,把他的衣服捨在我身邊,就跑到外面去了。」 15And he heard my voice, he left the garment that I held, and got him out.
16她便將若瑟的衣服留在身邊,等他的主人回家, 16For a proof therefore of her fidelity, she kept the garment, and shewed it to her husband when he returned home:
17她又用同樣的話給他講述說:「你給我們帶來的那個希伯來僕人,竟到這裡來調戲我。 17And said: The Hebrew servant, whom thou hast brought, came to me to abuse me.
18我一高聲呼喊,他就把他的衣服捨在我身邊,跑到外面去了。」 18And when he heard me cry, he left the garment which I held, and fled out.
19主人一聽見他妻子對他所說:「你的僕人如此如此對待我的話,」便大發憤怒。 19His master hearing these things, and giving too much credit to his wife's words, was very angry.
20若瑟的主人遂捉住若瑟放在監裡,即囚禁君王囚犯人的地方。他雖在那裡坐監, 20And cast Joseph into the prison, where the king's prisoners were kept, and he was there shut up.
21上主仍與他同在,對他施恩,使他在獄長眼中得寵; 21But the Lord was with Joseph and having mercy upon him gave him favour in the sight of the chief keeper of the prison:
22因此獄長將監中所有的囚犯都交在若瑟手中;凡獄中應辦的事,都由他辦理。 22Who delivered into his hand all the prisoners that were kept in custody: and whatsoever was done was under him.
23凡交在若瑟手中的事,獄長一概不聞不問,因為上主與他同在,凡他所做的,上主無不使之順遂。 23Neither did he himself know any thing, having committed all things to him: for the Lord was with him, and made all that he did to prosper.

注释
39:1-9
若瑟不肯通奸,因为此罪不仅侵犯别人的权利,更是违犯天主的诫命。关於若瑟的为人,见咏105:16-25;德49:17-18;智10:10-14。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 40
1這些事以後,埃及王的司酒和司廚得罪了他們的主人埃及王。 1After this, it came to pass, that two eunuchs, the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt, offended their lord.
2法郎於是對那兩個內臣,司酒長和司廚長發了怒, 2And Pharao being angry with them (now the one was chief butler, the other chief baker)
3將他們囚在衛隊長府內的拘留所內,若瑟被囚禁的地方。 3He sent them to the prison of the commander of the soldiers, in which Joseph also was prisoner,
4衛隊長將他們交給若瑟,若瑟就照管他們。他們在拘留所內過了一些時日, 4But the keeper of the prison delivered them to Joseph, and he served them. Some little time passed, and they were kept in custody.
5那兩個被囚在獄裡的埃及王的司酒和司廚,在同一夜裡,各作了一夢;每人的夢都有它的意義。 5And they both dreamed a dream the same night, according to the interpretation agreeing to themselves:
6早晨若瑟到了他們那裡,見他們面有憂色, 6And when Joseph was come in to them in the morning, and saw them sad,
7便問那與他同在自己主人府中監獄裡的法郎內臣說:「為什麼你們今天面帶憂色?」 7He asked them, saying: Why is your countenance sadder today than usual?
8他們回答說:「我們各作了一夢,沒有人能夠解釋。」若瑟對他們說:「解夢不是天主的事嗎?請你們講給我聽!」 8They answered: We have dreamed a dream, and there is nobody to interpret it to us. And Joseph said to them: Doth not interpretation belong to God? Tell me what you have dreamed.
9司酒長就將自己的夢講給若瑟聽,對他說:「我夢見在我前面有株葡萄樹。 9The chief butler first told his dream: I saw before me a vine,
10樹上有三根枝子,剛發芽,就生出了花朵,花朵結了熟葡萄。 10On which were three branches, which by little and little sent out buds, and after the blossoms brought forth ripe grapes:
11我手拿著法郎的杯,將葡萄擠在法郎的杯中,將杯遞在法郎的手內。」 11And the cup of Pharao was in my hand: and I took the grapes, and pressed them into the cup which I held, and I gave the cup to Pharao.
12若瑟對他說:「這夢的意義就是:三根枝子是指的三天。 12Joseph answered: This is the interpretation of the dream: The three branches are yet three days:
13三天以內,法郎要高舉你,恢復你的職位;你仍將杯放在法郎的手中,像先前作他司酒時一樣; 13After which Pharao will remember thy service, and will restore thee to thy former place: and thou shalt present him the cup according to thy office, as before thou wast wont to do.
14但是,當你得志時,請你記得我,望你對我施恩,為我告訴法郎,救我出離這監牢; 14Only remember me, when it shall be well with thee, and do me this kindness: to put Pharao in mind to take me out of this prison:
15因為我不但是由希伯來人地被拐來的,而且在這裡我也沒有做過什麼使他們將我放在這地牢裡的事。」 15For I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews, and here without any fault was cast into the dungeon.
16司廚長見他解得吉祥,便對若瑟說:「我也作了一夢,夢見在我的頭上有三筐白餅。 16The chief baker seeing that he had wisely interpreted the dream, said: I also dreamed a dream, That I had three baskets of meal upon my head:
17最上面的筐內,有為法郎預備的各種食物,有飛鳥來啄食我頭上筐裡的食物。」 17And that in one basket which was uppermost, I carried all meats that are made by the art of baking, and that the birds ate out of it.
18若瑟回答說:「這夢的意義就是:三筐是指的三天。 18Joseph answered: This is the interpretation of the dream: The three baskets are yet three days:
19三天以內,法郎要高舉你,將你懸在木架上,飛鳥要來啄食你的肉。」 19After which Pharao will take thy head from thee, and hang thee on a cross, and the birds shall tear thy flesh.
20第三天,適逢法郎的生日,法郎為群臣擺設了盛宴,在群臣中將司酒長和司廚長提出來, 20The third day after this was the birthday of Pharao: and he made a great feast for his servants, and at the banquet remembered the chief butler, and the chief baker.
21恢復了司酒長的司酒職,再將杯放在法郎手中; 21And he restored the one to his place to present him the cup:
22至於司廚長,卻被懸掛起來,正如若瑟對他們所解釋的。 22The other he hanged on a gibbet, that the truth of the interpreter might be shewn.
23司酒長卻沒有記得若瑟,竟將他忘了。 23But the chief butler, when things prospered with him, forgot his interpreter.

注释
40:5-8
按圣经的意思,梦有时是从天主来的,把未来和隐秘的事启示与人,藉以警告人或安慰人。梦若是从天主来的,除非天主所启示的人,如若瑟和达尼尔(达2:17-19),谁也不能解释。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 41
1過了兩年,法郎作了一夢,夢見自己站在尼羅河畔。 1After two years Pharao had a dream. He thought he stood by the river,
2看見從尼羅河中上來了七隻母牛,色美體肥,在蘆葦中吃草。 2Out of which came up seven kine, very beautiful and fat: and they fed in marshy places.
3隨後,從尼羅河中,又上來了七隻色醜體瘦的母牛,站在尼羅河岸上靠近那些母牛身旁。 3Other seven also came up out of the river, ill favoured, and leanfleshed: and they fed on the very bank of the river, in green places:
4這些色醜體瘦的母牛,竟將那七隻色美體肥的母牛吞了下去;法郎便驚醒了。 4And they devoured them, whose bodies were very beautiful and well conditioned. So Pharao awoke.
5他又睡下,作了一個夢,夢見在一根麥莖上,生出了七枝又肥又美的麥穗; 5He slept again, and dreamed another dream: Seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk full and fair:
6隨後,又發出了七枝又細弱,而又為東風吹焦了的麥穗。 6Then seven other ears sprung up thin and blasted,
7這些細弱的麥穗竟將那七枝又肥又實的麥穗吞了下去。法郎驚醒了,原是一場夢。 7And devoured all the beauty of the former. Pharao awaked after his rest:
8到了早晨,他心煩意亂,遂遣人將埃及所有的術士和賢士召來,給他們講述了自己的夢,卻沒有人能給法郎解釋。 8And when morning was come, being struck with fear, he sent to all the interpreters of Egypt, and to all the wise men: and they being called for, he told them his dream, and there was not any one that could interpret it.
9那時司酒長向法郎說:「我今天想起了我的過犯。 9Then at length the chief butler remembering, said: I confess my sin:
10有一次陛下對自己的臣僕發怒,將我和司廚長關在衛隊長府內的拘留所內。 10The king being angry with his servants, commanded me and the chief baker to be cast into the prison of the captain of the soldiers:
11我和他在同一夜裡,各作了一夢,我們每人的夢都有它的意義。 11Where in one night both of us dreamed a dream foreboding things to come.
12在那裡有個希伯來少年人與我們在一起,他是衛隊長的僕人;當我們把夢告訴了他,他就給我們加以解釋,給每個人的夢都說明了它的意義。 12There was there a young man a Hebrew, servant to the same captain of the soldiers: to whom we told our dreams,
13果然,都照他給我們所解釋的應驗了:我恢復了原職,他卻被吊死了。」 13And we heard what afterwards the event of the thing proved to be so. For I was restored to my office: and he was hanged upon a gibbet.
14法郎於是遣人去召若瑟,人就快把他從地牢裡提出來;他剃了頭,刮了臉,換了衣服,來到法郎跟前。 14Forthwith at the king's command, Joseph was brought out of the prison, and they shaved him, and changing his apparel, brought him in to him.
15法郎對若瑟說:「我作了一夢,沒有人能夠解釋。我聽見人說,你聽了夢就能解釋。」 15And he said to him: I have dreamed dreams, and there is no one that can expound them: Now I have heard that thou art very wise at interpreting them.
16若瑟回答法郎說:「這不是我所能的,只有天主能給陛下一個吉祥的解答。」 16Joseph answered: Without me, God shall give Pharao a prosperous answer.
17法郎遂向若瑟說:「我夢見我站在尼羅河上, 17So Pharao told what he had dreamed: Methought I stood upon the bank of the river,
18看見從河中上來了七隻母牛,體肥色美,在蘆葦叢中吃草。 18And seven kine came up out of the river exceeding beautiful and full of flesh: and they grazed on green places in a marshy pasture.
19隨後,又上來了七隻母牛,軟弱無力,色醜體瘦,那種醜陋,我在埃及全國從未見過。 19And behold, there followed these, other seven kine, so very ill favoured and lean, that I never saw the like in the land of Egypt:
20這些又瘦又醜的母牛,竟將先上來的那七隻肥母牛吞了下去。 20And they devoured and consumed the former,
21牠們吞下去之後,竟看不出來牠們吞了下去,因為牠們醜陋的樣子和先前一樣,我就驚醒了。 21And yet gave no mark of their being full: but were as lean and ill favoured as before. I awoke, and then fell asleep again,
22以後我又夢見在一根麥莖上,生出了七枝粗大美麗的麥穗。 22And dreamed a dream: Seven ears of corn grew upon one stalk, full and very fair.
23隨後,又發出了七枝枯萎細弱而又被東風吹焦了的麥穗。 23Other seven also thin and blasted, sprung of the stock:
24這些細弱的麥穗竟將那七枝美麗的麥穗吞了。我講給了術士們聽,但沒有人能給我解說。」 24And they devoured the beauty of the former: I told this dream to the conjecturers, and there is no man that can expound it.
25若瑟遂對法郎說:「陛下的夢只是一個。天主已將所要作的告訴陛下: 25Joseph answered: The king's dream is one: God hath shewn to Pharao what he is about to do.
26七隻美好的母牛表示七年,七枝美好的麥穗也表示七年。這原是一個夢。 26The seven beautiful kine, and the seven full ears, are seven years of plenty: and both contain the same meaning of the dream.
27隨後上來的那七隻又瘦又醜的母牛,和那七枝空虛而又被東風吹焦了的麥穗,都表示七年,表示將有七個荒年。 27And the seven lean and thin kine that came up after them, and the seven thin ears that were blasted with the burning wind, are seven years of famine to come:
28這即是我對陛下所說:天主已將他要作的顯示給陛下了。 28Which shall be fulfilled in this order:
29看埃及全國將有七年大豐收。 29Behold, there shall come seven years of great plenty in the whole land of Egypt:
30繼之而來的是七個荒年,那時人都忘記了埃及國曾有過豐收。當饑荒蹂躪此地時, 30After which shall follow other seven years of so great scarcity, that all the abundance before shall be forgotten: for the famine shall consume all the land,
31誰也覺不到此地曾有過豐收,因為相繼而來的饑荒實在太嚴重了。 31And the greatness of the scarcity shall destroy the greatness of the plenty.
32至於陛下的夢重複了兩次,是表示這事已由天主命定,天主就快要實行。 32And for that thou didst see the second time a dream pertaining to the same thing: it is a token of the certainty, and that the word of God cometh to pass, and is fulfilled speedily.
33所以陛下現在應當尋找一個聰明,有智慧的人,派他管理埃及國。 33Now therefore let the king provide a wise and industrious man, and make him ruler over the land of Egypt:
34陛下應設法在地方上派定督辦,在七個豐年內,徵收埃及國所出產的五分之一; 34That he may appoint overseers over all the countries: and gather into barns the fifth part of the fruits, during the seven fruitful years,
35使他們將未來豐年內的一切食糧,聚斂起來,將五穀都儲藏在陛下手下,貯在城內備作食糧,妥為保管。 35That shall now presently ensue: and let all the corn be laid up under Pharao's hands and be reserved in the cities.
36這些食糧應作為本地的存糧,以應付那在埃及國要出現的七個荒年,免得全國因饑荒而滅亡。」 36And let it be in readiness, against the famine of seven years to come, which shall oppress Egypt, and the land shall not be consumed with scarcity.
37這番話使法郎和他的群臣十分贊成, 37The counsel pleased Pharao and all his servants.
38於是法郎對他的臣僕說:「像他這樣的人,有天主的神住在他內,我們豈能找著另一個?」 38And he said to them: Can we find such another man, that is full of the spirit of God?
39法郎遂對若瑟說:「天主既使你知道這一切,就再沒有像你這樣聰敏富有智慧的人了。 39He said therefore to Joseph: Seeing God hath shewn thee all that thou hast said, can I find one wiser and one like unto thee?
40你要掌管我的朝廷,我的人民都要聽從你的號令;只在寶座上我比你大。」 40Thou shalt be over my house, and at the commandment of thy mouth all the people shall obey: only in the kingly throne will I be above thee.
41法郎又對若瑟說:「看,我立你統治全埃及國。」 41And again Pharao said to Joseph: Behold, I have appointed thee over the whole land of Egypt.
42遂由自己手上取下打印的戒指,戴在若瑟手上,給他穿上細麻長袍,將金鏈戴在他的頸項上; 42And he took his ring from his own hand, and gave it into his hand: and he put upon him a robe of silk, and put a chain of gold about his neck.
43又使他坐在自己的第二部御車上,人們在他前面喊說:「跪下!」法郎就這樣立他管理全埃及國。 43And he made him go up into his second chariot, the crier proclaiming that all should bow their knee before him, and that they should know he was made governor over the whole land of Egypt.
44法郎又對若瑟說:「我是法郎,沒有你的同意,全埃及國,任何人不得做任何事。」 44And the king said to Joseph: I am Pharao; without thy commandment no man shall move hand or foot in all the land of Egypt.
45法郎給若瑟起名叫匝斐納特帕乃亞,又將翁城的司祭頗提斐辣的女兒阿斯納特給他為妻。若瑟便出去巡行埃及全國。 45And he turned his name, and called him in the Egyptian tongue, The saviour of the world. And he gave him to wife Aseneth the daughter of Putiphare priest of Heliopolis. Then Joseph went out to the land of Egypt:
46若瑟立於埃及王法郎前時,年三十歲。他由法郎面前出去巡行了埃及全國。 46(Now he was thirty years old when he stood before king Pharao) and he went round all the countries of Egypt.
47七個豐年內,土地出產極其豐富。 47And the fruitfulness of the seven years came: and the corn being bound up into sheaves was gathered together into the barns of Egypt.
48若瑟聚斂了埃及國七個豐年內所有的糧食,積蓄在城內;每城城郊田間所出的糧食,也都儲藏在本城內。 48And all the abundance of grain was laid up in every city.
49這樣若瑟聚斂了大量的五穀,多得有如海沙,無法計算,無法勝數。 49And there was so great abundance of wheat, that it was equal to the sand of the sea, and the plenty exceeded measure.
50在荒年未來以前,若瑟已有了兩個兒子,是翁城的司祭頗提斐辣的女兒阿斯納特給他生的。 50And before the famine came, Joseph had two sons born: whom Aseneth the daughter of Putiphare priest of Heliopolis bore unto him.
51若瑟給長子起名叫默納協,說:「天主使我忘盡了我的一切困苦和我父的全家。」 51And he called the name of the firstborn Manasses, saying: God hath made me to forget all my labours, and my father's house.
52給次子起名叫厄弗辣因,說:「天主使我在我受苦的地方有了子息。」 52And he named the second Ephraim, saying: God hath made me to grow in the land of my poverty.
53埃及國的七個豐年一過, 53Now when the seven years of the plenty that had been in Egypt were past:
54七個荒年隨著就來了,恰如若瑟所預言的;各地都發生了饑荒,唯獨全埃及國還有食糧。 54The seven years of scarcity, which Joseph had foretold, began to come: and the famine prevailed in the whole world, but there was bread in all the land of Egypt.
55及至埃及全國鬧饑荒時,人民便向法郎呼求糧食;法郎對埃及民眾說:「你們到若瑟那裡去,照他對你們所說的做。」 55And when there also they began to be famished, the people cried to Pharao for food. And he said to them: Go to Joseph: and do all that he shall say to you.
56當時饑荒彌漫天下,若瑟便開了國內所有的糧倉,將糧食賣給埃及人,因為埃及的饑荒很嚴重。 56And the famine increased daily in all the land: and Joseph opened all the barns, and sold to the Egyptians: for the famine had oppressed them also.
57天下的人都來到埃及,向若瑟購買食糧,因為天下各地都大鬧饑荒。 57And all provinces came into Egypt, to buy food, and to seek some relief of their want.

注释
41:1-36
本章内「陛下」二字原文作「法郎」。法郎是埃及国君的称号,有「皇帝」、「朝庭」,「王室」的意思。若瑟像日後的梅瑟、达尼尔等,在外教的国君前显扬了真天主的光荣。

41:39-45
与若瑟同时的埃及法郎,大约是阿颇彼二世。匝斐纳特帕乃亚一名为埃及语,即「世界的养育者」或「施生命者」的意思。普提斐辣一名与37:36普提法尔同意,即「太阳神(辣)的恩赐」。翁城即日後希腊地理所称的「厄里约颇里」,即「太阳城」。翁城的司祭在希克索斯朝代既为埃及的贵族,由此可以推断,若瑟身为国家总理大臣,娶了名门的闺秀为妻。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 42
1雅各伯見埃及有糧食出售,便對自己的兒子們說:「你們為什麼彼此觀望?」 1And Jacob hearing that food was sold in Egypt, said to his sons: Why are ye careless?
2繼而說:「我聽說在埃及有糧食出售,你們下到那裡,給我們購買些糧食,叫我們好活下去,不致餓死。」 2I have heard that wheat is sold in Egypt: go ye down, and buy us necessaries, that we may live, and not be consumed with want.
3於是若瑟的十個哥哥下到埃及買糧食去了。 3So the ten brethren of Joseph went down, to buy corn in Egypt:
4至於若瑟的弟弟本雅明,雅各伯沒有叫他與哥哥們同去,因為他想:怕他遇害。 4Whilst Benjamin was kept at home by Jacob, who said to his brethren: Lest perhaps he take any harm in the journey.
5這樣以色列的兒子們也夾在前來購糧的人中,前來購糧,因為客納罕地也發生了饑荒。 5And they entered into the land of Egypt with others that went to buy. For the famine was in the land of Chanaan.
6當時在地方上執政的是若瑟,給地方上所有人民配售糧食的也是他。若瑟的哥哥們來了,就俯首至地,向他下拜。 6And Joseph was governor in the land of Egypt, and corn was sold by his direction to the people. And when his brethren had bowed down to him,
7若瑟一見他的哥哥們,就認出他們來,卻裝做生人,向他們說了一些嚴厲的話,問他們說:「你們是從那裡來的?」他們答說:「我們是從客納罕地來購買糧食的。」 7And he knew them, he spoke as it were to strangers somewhat roughly, asking them: Whence came you? They answered: From the land of Chanaan, to buy necessaries of life.
8若瑟認出哥哥們來,他們卻沒有認出他來。 8And though he knew his brethren, he was not known by them.
9於是若瑟想起了他昔日關於他們所作的夢,便對他們說:「你們是探子,前來刺探本地的虛實。」 9And remembering the dreams, which formerly he had dreamed, he said to them: You are spies. You are come to view the weaker parts of the land.
10他們回答說:「我主!絕對不是;你的僕人們是來購買糧食的。 10But they said: It is not so, my lord, but thy servants are come to buy food.
11我們全是一個人的兒子,我們是誠實人;你的僕人們從未做過探子。」 11We are all the sons of one man: we are come as peaceable men, neither do thy servants go about any evil.
12若瑟對他們說:「不,你們前來必是為刺探此地的虛實。」 12And he answered them: It is otherwise: you are come to consider the unfenced parts of this land.
13他們答說:「你的僕人們原是兄弟十二人,同是客納罕地一個人的兒子;最小的現今在父親那裡,另一個已不在了。」 13But they said: We thy servants are twelve brethren, the sons of one man in the land of Chanaan: the youngest is with our father, the other is not living.
14若瑟對他們說:「我才說你們是探子;這話實在不錯。 14He saith: This is it that I said: You are spies.
15為此我要考驗你們:我指著法郎的生命起誓:如果你們最小的弟弟不到這裡來,你們莫想離開此地。 15I shall now presently try what you are: by the health of Pharao you shall not depart hence, until your youngest brother come.
16你們可由你們中派一個人回去,帶你們的弟弟來,其他的人暫且拘留,以待證明你們的話是否誠實;如果不是真的,我指著法郎的生命起誓:你們必是探子。」 16Send one of you to fetch him: and you shall be in prison, till what you have said be proved, whether it be true or false: or else by the health of Pharao you are spies.
17於是在拘留所內拘禁了他們三天。 17So he put them in prison three days.
18第三天,若瑟對他們說:「我原是個敬畏天主的人,你們願意保全性命,應這樣做: 18And the third day he brought them out of prison, and said: Do as I have said, and you shall live: for I fear God.
19如果你們是誠實人,叫你們兄弟中一個人留在拘留所內,其餘的人可帶糧食回去,解救家中的饑荒。 19If you be peaceable men, let one of your brethren be bound in prison: and go ye your ways and carry the corn that you have bought, unto your houses.
20然後給我帶你們的小弟弟來,好證實你們的話,你們也不致於死。」他們就這樣作了。 20And bring your youngest brother to me, that I may find your words to be true, and you may not die. They did as he had said.
21他們彼此說:「我們實在該賠補加害我們兄弟的罪,因為他向我們哀求時,我們見了他心靈痛苦,竟不肯聽;為此這場苦難才落到我們身上!」 21And they talked one to another: We deserve to suffer these things, because we have sinned against our brother, seeing the anguish of his soul, when he besought us, and we would not hear: therefore is this affliction come upon us.
22勒烏本就對他們說:「我豈不是對你們說過:不要傷害那孩子嗎?你們卻不肯聽;看,現在要追討他的血了。」 22And Ruben one of them, said: Did not I say to you: Do not sin against the boy: and you would not hear me? Behold his blood is required.
23他們原不知道若瑟都聽得懂,因為在他們中有一翻譯員。 23And they knew not that Joseph understood, because he spoke to them by an interpreter.
24若瑟就由他們前退出去哭了。然後又回來與他們交談,由他們中提出西默盎在他們眼前將他捆綁起來。 24And he turned himself away a little while, and wept: and returning he spoke to them.
25若瑟遂吩咐人將他們的布袋裝滿了糧食,將各人的銀錢仍放在各人的布袋內,並且還給了他們途中所需要的食物;人就對他們這樣做了。 25And taking Simeon, and binding him in their presence, he commanded his servants to fill their sacks with wheat, and to put every man's money again in their sacks, and to give them besides provisions for the way: and they did so.
26他們將購得的糧食馱在驢上,就從那裡起身走了。 26But they having loaded their asses with the corn, went their way.
27到了客棧,他們中一人打開了布袋拿料餵驢,看見自己的銀錢仍在布袋口, 27And one of them opening his sack, to give his beast provender in the inn, saw the money in the sack's mouth;
28遂對兄弟們說:「我的銀錢退回來了;看,仍在我的袋裡。」他們心驚起來,彼此戰慄地說:「天主對我們所作的,是怎麼一回事。」 28And said to his brethren: My money is given me again, behold it is in the sack. And they were astonished, and troubled, and said to one another: What is this that God hath done unto us?
29他們回到客納罕地,他們的父親雅各伯那裡,將所遇見的事全告訴他說: 29And they came to Jacob their father in the land of Chanaan, and they told him all things that had befallen them, saying:
30「那地方的主人對我們說了一些嚴厲的話,將我們視作刺探那地方的人。 30The lord of the land spoke roughly to us, and took us to be spies of the country.
31我們對他說:「我們是誠實人,決不是探子; 31And we answered him: We are peaceable men, and we mean no plot.
32我們原是兄弟十二人,同一父親的兒子,一個已不在了,最小的現在同我們的父親在客納罕地。 32We are twelve brethren born of one father: one is not living, the youngest is with our father in the land of Chanaan.
33那地方的主人對我們說:為叫我知道你們是誠實人,你們兄弟中一人留在我這裡,其餘的人帶糧食回去解救家中的饑荒; 33And he said to us: Hereby shall I know that you are peaceable men: Leave one of your brethren with me, and take ye necessary provision for your houses, and go your ways.
34然後將你們的弟弟給我帶來,那時我才能知道你們不是探子,確是誠實人,我將你們的兄弟還給你們,你們可在這地方自由行動。」 34And bring your youngest brother to me, that I may know you are not spies: and you may receive this man again, that is kept in prison: and afterwards may have leave to buy what you will.
35當他們倒自己的糧袋時,不料各人的錢囊仍在各人的袋內。他們和他們的父親,一見錢囊,都害怕起來。 35When they had told this, they poured out their corn and every man found his money tied in the mouth of his sack: and all being astonished together,
36他們的父親雅各伯對他們說:「你們總是使我喪失兒子:若瑟不在了,西默盎不在了,你們還要帶走本雅明!這一切都落在我身上!」 36Their father Jacob said: You have made me to be without children: Joseph is not living, Simeon is kept in bonds, and Benjamin you will take away: all these evils are fallen upon me.
37勒烏本對他父親說:「如果我不將他給你帶回來,你可殺死我的兩個兒子;只管將他交在我手裡,我必再還給你。」 37And Ruben answered him: Kill my two sons if I bring him not again to thee: deliver him into my hand, and I will restore him to thee.
38雅各伯答說:「我兒子不能和你們一同下去,因為他哥哥死了,只剩下了他獨自一個;如果他在你們行的路上遇到什麼不幸,那你們就要使我這白髮老人在憂苦中降入陰府了。」 38But he said: My son shall not go down with you: his brother is dead, and he is left alone: if any mischief befall him in the land to which you go, you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to hell.

注释
42:8-38
若瑟对哥哥们外表这样严厉:一是叫他们後悔以前对他所犯的罪过;二是要探知父亲和小弟本雅明的情形。雅各伯说:「只剩下了他独自一个」。是指爱妻辣黑耳所生的两个儿子,只剩下了本雅明;他想若瑟早已不在人世了。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 43
1地上的饑荒仍然嚴重。 1In the mean time the famine was heavy upon all the land.
2他們吃完了由埃及帶來的糧食,父親對他們說:「你們再去給我們買點糧食來吃!」 2And when they had eaten up all the corn, which they had brought out of Egypt, Jacob said to his sons: Go again and buy us a little food.
3猶大立即回答父親說:「那人明明告訴我們說:你們若不帶弟弟一起來,你們休想見我的面。 3Juda answered: The man declared unto us with the attestation of an oath, saying: You shall not see my face, unless you bring your youngest brother with you.
4你若讓我們的弟弟與我們一同去,我們就下去給你買些糧食來; 4If therefore thou wilt send him with us, we will set out together, and will buy necessaries for thee.
5你若不讓他去,我們也不下去;因為那人對我們說過:你們若不帶弟弟與你們一同來,你們休想見我的面。」 5But if thou wilt not, we will not go: for the man, as we have often said, declared unto us, saying: You shall not see my face without your youngest brother.
6以色列說:「你們為什麼這樣害我,告訴那人你們還有個弟弟?」 6Israel said to them: You have done this for my misery in that you told him you had also another brother.
7他們回答說:「那人再三再四問我們和我們的家庭說:你們的父親是否還活著?你們是否另有個兄弟?我們只得照這些話答覆他。那裡會知道他要說:帶你們的兄弟一同下來?」 7But they answered: The man asked us in order concerning our kindred: if our father lived: if we had a brother: and we answered him regularly, according to what he demanded: could we know that he would say: Bring hither your brother with you?
8猶大又對他父親以色列說:「你叫孩童與我同去,我們就起身前去;這樣,我們和你並我們的幼兒,可以生活,不致餓死。 8And Juda said to his father: Send the boy with me, that we may set forward, and may live: lest both we and our children perish.
9我為他擔保,你可由我手中要人;如果我不將他帶回,交在你面前,我在你前終生負罪。 9I take the boy upon me, require him at my hand: unless I bring him again, and restore him to thee, I will be guilty of sin against thee for ever.
10假使我們沒有遲延,現在第二次也回來了!」 10If delay had not been made, we had been here again the second time.
11他們的父親以色列對他們說:「如果必須如此,你們就這樣做:在行李內帶些本地最好的出產,一些香液、蜂蜜、樹膠、香料、榧子和杏仁,下去送給那人當作禮物。 11Then Israel said to them: If it must needs be so, do what you will: take of the best fruits of the land in your vessels, and carry down presents to the man, a little balm, and honey, and storax, myrrh, turpentine, and almonds.
12手中多帶一倍銀錢,將那放在你們糧袋口的銀錢,也一併帶上,這或者是出於一時的錯誤。 12And take with you double money, and carry back what you found in your sacks, lest perhaps it was done by mistake.
13並且帶著你們的弟弟起身往那人那裡去。 13And take also your brother, and go to the man.
14願全能的天主使你們在那人面前蒙恩,放回你們那個兄弟和本雅明;至於我,如要喪子,就喪子罷!」 14And may my almighty God make him favourable to you; and send back with you your brother, whom he keepeth, and this Benjamin: and as for me I shall be desolate without children.
15這一夥人於是帶了那些禮物,手中帶上雙倍銀錢,帶本雅明起身下到埃及去,到了若瑟面前。 15So the men took the presents, and double money, and Benjamin: and went down into Egypt, and stood before Joseph.
16若瑟一看見他們和本雅明,就對自己的管家說:「帶這些人到家裡去,宰牲設宴,中午這些人要與我一起吃飯。」 16And when he had seen them, and Benjamin with them, he commanded the steward of his house, saying: Bring in the men into the house, and kill victims, and prepare a feast: because they shall eat with me at noon.
17管家就依照若瑟吩咐的做了,將這些人帶到若瑟家中。 17He did as he was commanded, and brought the men into the house.
18這些人一進入了若瑟的家,就害怕起來,心裡想:「他帶我們到這裡來,定是為了上次放回我們袋裡銀錢的事,想找我們的錯處,加害我們,拿住我們當奴隸,奪取我們的驢。」 18And they being much afraid, said there one to another: Because of the money, which we carried back the first time in our sacks, we are brought in: that he may bring upon us a false accusation, and by violence make slaves of us and our asses.
19他們於是走到若瑟的管家前,在房門口同他談起這事, 19Wherefore going up to the steward of the house, at the door,
20說:「我主,請原諒:我們上次下到這裡來購買糧食, 20They said: Sir, we desire thee to hear us: We came down once before to buy food:
21當我們到了客棧,打開我們的布袋時,發見各人的銀錢仍在各人的布袋口,我們的銀錢一分不少;現在我們又親手帶回來了。 21And when we had bought, and come to the inn, we opened our sacks, and found our money in the mouths of the sacks: which we have now brought again in the same weight.
22此外我們手中又帶了些銀錢,來購買糧食;我們不知道是誰將我們的銀錢放在我們的布袋內。」 22And we have brought other money besides, to buy what we want: we cannot tell who put it in our bags.
23管家答說:「請你們放心,不必害怕!是你們的天主,你們祖先的天主,在你們的布袋裡給你們放上了財寶;你們的銀錢我已經收了。」以後給他們領出西默盎來。 23But he answered: Peace be with you, fear not: your God, and the God of your father hath given you treasure in your sacks. For the money, which you gave me, I have for good. And he brought Simeon out to them.
24管家領這些人到了若瑟家裡,先給他們拿水洗了腳,然後拿草料餵了驢。 24And having brought them into the house, he fetched water, and they washed their feet, and he gave provender to their asses.
25他們遂將禮物預備好,等候若瑟中午回來;因為聽說,他們要在那裡吃午飯。 25But they made ready the presents, against Joseph came at noon: for they had heard that they should eat bread there.
26若瑟回到家裡,他們就將手中的禮物獻給他,俯首至地向他下拜。 26Then Joseph came into his house, and they offered him the presents holding them in their hands, and they bowed down with their face to the ground.
27若瑟先向他們問安,然後說:「你們以前所說的老父好麼?還健在麼?」 27But he, courteously saluting them again, asked them, saying: Is the old man your father in health, of whom you told me? Is he yet living?
28他們答說:「你的僕人,我們的父親還好,還健在。」遂又鞠躬下拜。 28And they answered: Thy servant our father is in health, he is yet living. And bowing themselves they made obeisance to him.
29若瑟舉目,見了他母親親生的弟弟本雅明,就問說:「這就是你們對我說的那小弟弟嗎?」繼而說:「孩子,願天主保佑你!」 29And Joseph lifting up his eyes, saw Benjamin his brother, by the same mother, and said: Is this your young brother, of whom you told me? And he said: God be gracious to thee, my son.
30若瑟愛弟情切想要流淚,趕快進了自己的內室,在那裡哭了一場; 30And he made haste because his heart was moved upon his brother, and tears gushed out: and going into his chamber he wept.
31然後洗臉出來,勉強抑制自己,吩咐說:「擺飯罷!」 31And when he had washed his face, coming out again, he refrained himself, and said: Set bread on the table.
32人就給若瑟擺了一席,為他們擺了一席,為與若瑟一起吃飯的埃及人另擺了一席;因為埃及人不能同希伯來人一起吃飯,這為他們是個恥辱。 32And when it was set on, for Joseph apart, and for his brethren apart, for the Egyptians also that ate with him, apart, (for it is unlawful for the Egyptians to eat with the Hebrews, and they think such a feast profane):
33他們便在若瑟前,安排就坐,全按長幼的次序,長者在上,幼者在下;眾兄弟彼此相看,驚奇不已。 33They sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his age. And they wondered very much:
34若瑟將自己面前的食物分開,分給他們;但本雅明的一分,比其餘的人多五倍。他們遂與若瑟飲酒宴樂。 34Taking the messes which they received of him: and the greater mess came to Benjamin, so that it exceeded by five parts. And they drank, and were merry with him.

注释
43:29-32
若瑟称本雅明为「孩子」,并不是说自己比他长一辈,而是他此时仍以埃及人对外邦人的态度,表示自己的尊严。若瑟单独一席,也是由於他的品位和埃及宗教的礼规,不准他与外邦人同席。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 44
1然後若瑟吩咐自己的管家說:「將糧食裝滿這些人的布袋,他們能帶多少,就裝多少;將每人的銀錢仍放在他的布袋口處, 1And Joseph commanded the steward of his house, saying: Fill their sacks with corn, as much as they can hold: and put the money of every one in the top of his sack.
2再將我的銀杯和那最年幼購糧的銀錢,一併放在他的布袋口處。」管家就照若瑟吩咐的話做了。 2And in the mouth of the younger's sack put my silver cup, and the price which he gave for the wheat. And it was so done.
3清早天一發亮,就遣送這些人帶著他們的驢走了。 3And when the morning arose, they were sent away with their asses.
4他們出了城,還不很遠,若瑟就對他的管家說:「你起身去追趕那些人,追上他們,就對他們說:你們為什麼以惡報善? 4And when they were now departed out of the city, and had gone forward a little way; Joseph sending for the steward of his house, said: Arise, and pursue after the men: and when thou hast overtaken them, say to them: Why have you returned evil for good?
5為什麼偷去我的銀杯?這杯是我主人為飲酒為占卜用的啊!你們作的實在不對!」 5The cup which you have stolen is that in which my lord drinketh, and in which he is wont to divine: you have done a very evil thing.
6管家追上他們,就對他們說了這些話。 6He did as he had commanded him. And having overtaken them, he spoke to them the same words.
7他們回答說:「我主怎麼說些這樣的話?你的僕人們決不敢做這樣的事! 7And they answered: Why doth our lord speak so, as though thy servants had committed so heinous a fact?
8你看!我們在布袋口所發現的銀錢,還從客納罕地帶回來給了你,我們怎能偷你主人家的金銀呢? 8The money, that we found in the top of our sacks, we brought back to thee from the land of Chanaan: how then should it be that we should steal out of thy lord's house, gold or silver?
9在你僕人中,不論在誰那裡搜出來,誰就該死,並且我們都該作我主的奴隸。」 9With whomsoever of thy servants shall be found that which thou seekest, let him die, and we will be the bondmen of my lord.
10管家答說:「也好,就照你們的話做;只是在誰那裡搜出來,誰該作我的奴隸;你們其餘的人可自由離去。」 10And he said to them: Let it be according to your sentence: with whomsoever it shall be found, let him be my servant, and you shall be blameless.
11於是他們各人急忙將自己的布袋卸下,放在地上,各人打開自己的布袋。 11Then they speedily took down their sacks to the ground, and every man opened his sack.
12管家便一一搜查,從年長的開始,到年幼的為止;結果那杯在本雅明的布袋裡搜了出來。 12Which when he had searched, beginning at the eldest and ending at the youngest, he found the cup in Benjamin's sack.
13他們遂撕裂了自己的衣服,各人又使驢馱上重載,回城裡去了。 13Then they rent their garments, and loading their asses again, returned into the town.
14猶大和他的兄弟們進了若瑟的家,若瑟還在那裡,他們就在他面前俯伏在地。 14And Juda at the head of his brethren went in to Joseph, (for he was not yet gone out of the place), and they altogether fell down before him on the ground.
15若瑟對他們說:「你們作的是什麼事?難道你們不知道像我這樣的人會占卜嗎?」 15And he said to them: Why would you do so? know you not that there is no one like me in the science of divining.
16猶大答說:「我們對我主還能說什麼?還有什麼話可說?我們如何能表白自己?天主已查出了你僕人們的罪惡。我們和在他手裡搜出杯來的,都應作我主的奴隸。」 16And Juda said to him: What shall we answer my lord? or what shall we say, or be able justly to allege? God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants: behold, we are all bondmen to my lord, both we, and he with whom the cup was found.
17若瑟答說:「我決不這樣做;在誰手裡搜出杯來,誰就該作我的奴隸;至於你們,都可平安上去,回到你們父親那裡。」 17Joseph answered: God forbid that I should do so: he that stole the cup, he shall be my bondman: and go you away free to your father.
18猶大近前對若瑟說:「我主,請原諒,容你僕人向我主進一言,請不要對你僕人動怒,因為你原與法郎無異。 18Then Juda coming nearer, said boldly: I beseech thee, my lord, let thy servant speak a word in thy ears, and be not angry with thy servant: for after Pharao thou art,
19我主以前曾問僕人們說:你們還有父親或兄弟嗎? 19My lord. Thou didst ask thy servants the first time: Have you a father or a brother?
20我們曾回答我主說:還有老父和他老年生的幼兒;他的哥哥死了,他母親只剩下了他一個;為此父親非常疼愛他。 20And we answered thee, my lord: We have a father an old man, and a young boy, that was born in his old age; whose brother by the mother is dead: and he alone is left of his mother, and his father loveth him tenderly.
21你就對你僕人們說:將他帶到我這裡來,我要親眼看看他。 21And thou saidst to thy servants: Bring him hither to me, and I will set my eyes on him.
22我們即對我主說:孩子是不能離開他父親的;如果離開了,他父親必會死去。 22We suggested to my lord: The boy cannot leave his father: for if he leave him, he will die.
23你對你僕人們說:如果你們的小弟弟不同你們一起下來,你們休想再見我的面。 23And thou saidst to thy servants: Except your youngest brother come with you, you shall see my face no more.
24我們一上到你僕人,我父親那裡,就將我主的話告訴了他。 24Therefore when we were gone up to thy servant our father, we told him all that my lord had said.
25後來我們的父親說:你們再去給我們買點糧食來。 25And our father said: Go again, and buy us a little wheat.
26我們答說:我們不能下去;除非我們的小弟弟同我們一起,我們才下去;因為我們的小弟弟不同我們在一起,我們不能見那人的面。 26And we said to him: We cannot go: if our youngest brother go down with us, we will set out together: otherwise, without him we dare not see the man's face.
27你的僕人,我的父親就對我們說:你們知道,我的妻子給我只生了兩個兒子: 27Whereunto he answered: You know that my wife bore me two.
28其中一個離開我出去,我猜想,他是被猛獸撕裂了,到現在,再沒有見到他。 28One went out, and you said: A beast devoured him: and hitherto he appeareth not.
29如今你們連這一個也要由我面前帶走;倘若他遇到什麼不幸,你們就要使我這白髮老人在悲痛中下到陰府了! 29If you take this also, and any thing befall him in the way you will bring down my gray hairs with sorrow unto hell.
30現在,如果我回到你僕人,我父親那裡,孩童沒有與我們在一起,──他原與這孩童相依為命,── 30Therefore if I shall go to thy servant our father, and the boy be wanting, (whereas his life dependeth upon the life of him,)
31他一見孩童沒有與我們在一起,就必死無疑;那你的僕人們就要使你的僕人,我們的父親帶著白髮在憂苦中下入陰府了。 31And he shall see that he is not with us, he will die, and thy servants shall bring down his gray hairs with sorrow unto hell.
32況且你的僕人曾在我父面前為孩童擔保說:如果我不將他帶回來交給你,我終生在我父前負罪。 32Let me be thy proper servant, who took him into my trust, and promised, saying: If I bring him not again, I will be guilty of sin against my father for ever.
33現在請讓你的僕人留下,代替孩童給我主為奴,讓孩童跟他哥哥們回去。 33Therefore I thy servant will stay instead of the boy in the service of my lord, and let the boy go up with his brethren.
34如果孩童不與我在一起,我怎能上去見我父親?我怕看見我父親遭到不幸!」 34For I cannot return to my father without the boy, lest I be a witness of the calamity that will oppress my father.

注释
44:1-34
本章记述若瑟又怎样严厉地试探了他的哥哥们。他这一次特别要探知的,是兄弟们对本雅明的态度;由所述可知哥哥们此时真爱小弟弟。至於埃及人怎样用杯占卜已不可考。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 45
1若瑟在眾侍從前不能再抑制自己,就喊說:「叫眾人離開我出去!」這樣,若瑟使兄弟認出自己來時,沒有別人在場。 1Joseph could no longer refrain himself before many that stood by: whereupon he commanded that all should go out, and no stranger be present at their knowing one another.
2他便放聲大哭,埃及人都聽到了,法郎朝廷也聽到了。 2And he lifted up his voice with weeping, which the Egyptians and all the house of Pharao heard.
3若瑟對兄弟們說:「我就是若瑟,我父親還在嗎?」他的兄弟們不能回答,因為在他面前都嚇呆了。 3And he said to his brethren: I am Joseph: is my father yet living? His brethren could not answer him, being struck with exceeding great fear.
4若瑟又對兄弟們說:「請你們近前來。」他們就上前去。若瑟說:「我就是你們賣到埃及的弟弟若瑟。 4And he said mildly to them: Come nearer to me. And when they were come near him, he said: I am Joseph, your brother, whom you sold into Egypt.
5現在你們不要因為將我賣到這裡便自憂自責;這原是天主派遣我在你們以先來,為保全你們的性命。 5Be not afraid, and let it not seem to you a hard case that you sold me into these countries: for God sent me before you into Egypt for your preservation.
6地方上的饑荒纔過了第二年,還有五年,不能耕種,不能收割。 6For it is two years since the famine began to be upon the land, and five years more remain, wherein there can be neither ploughing nor reaping.
7天主派遣我在你們以先來,是為給你們在地上留下後裔,給你們保全多人的性命。 7And God sent me before, that you may be preserved upon the earth, and may have food to live.
8所以叫我到這裡來的並不是你們,而是天主;是他立我作法郎之父,作他全家的主人,作全埃及地的總理。 8Not by your counsel was I sent hither, but by the will of God: who hath made me as it were a father to Pharao, and lord of his whole house, and governor in all the land of Egypt.
9你們急速上到我父親那裡,對他說:你的兒子若瑟這樣說:天主立我作了全埃及的主人,請你下到我這裡來,不要遲延。 9Make haste, and go ye up to my father, and say to him: Thus saith thy son Joseph: God hath made me lord of the whole land of Egypt: come down to me, linger not.
10你和你的兒孫,以及你的羊群牲畜,並你一切所有,都可住在哥笙地,離我不遠, 10And thou shalt dwell in the land of Gessen: and thou shalt be near me, thou and thy sons, and thy sons' sons, thy sheep, and thy herds, and all things that thou hast.
11我好在那裡奉養你,免得你和你的眷屬,並你一切所有陷於貧乏,因為尚有五年饑荒。 11And there I will feed thee, (for there are yet five years of famine remaining), lest both thou perish, and thy house, and all things that thou hast.
12看你們和我的弟弟本雅明都親眼見到,是我親口在對你們說話。 12Behold, your eyes, and the eyes of my brother Benjamin see that it is my mouth that speaketh to you.
13你們要將我在埃及的一切光榮,和你們親見的一切,都告訴我父親,儘速帶我父親下到這裡來。」 13You shall tell my father of all my glory, and all things that you have seen in Egypt: make haste and bring him to me.
14說畢,便撲在他弟弟本雅明的頸上哭起來了,本雅明也伏在他頸上哭泣。 14And falling upon the neck of his brother Benjamin, he embraced him and wept: and Benjamin in like manner wept also on his neck.
15然後與眾兄弟親吻,抱著他們痛哭。這以後,他的兄弟們纔敢與他交談。 15And Joseph kissed all his brethren, and wept upon every one of them: after which they were emboldened to speak to him.
16法郎朝廷聽說若瑟兄弟來了的消息,法郎和他的臣僕都很高興。 16And it was heard, and the fame was abroad in the king's court: The brethren of Joseph are come: and Pharao with all his family was glad.
17法郎便對若瑟說:「你對你的兄弟們說:你們應這樣做:備好牲口,立即往客納罕地去, 17And he spoke to Joseph that he should give orders to his brethren, saying: Load your beasts, and go into the land of Chanaan.
18接你們的父親和家眷到我這裡來,我願賜給你們埃及地最好的出產,使你們享受本地的肥物。 18And bring away from thence your father and kindred, and come to me: and I will give you all the good things of Egypt, that you may eat the marrow of the land.
19你再吩咐他們說:你們應這樣做:從埃及帶些車輛去接你們的子女和妻子,並把你們的父親接來; 19Give orders also that they take wagons out of the land of Egypt, for the carriage of their children and their wives: and say: Take up your father, and make haste to come with all speed:
20不要顧惜你們的物品,因為全埃及地最好的出品都歸你們享用。」 20And leave nothing of your household stuff: for all the riches of Egypt shall be yours.
21以色列的兒子們就這樣做了。若瑟依照法郎的吩咐,給了他們一些車輛和路上用的食糧; 21And the sons of Israel did as they were bid. And Joseph gave them wagons according to Pharao's commandment: and provisions for the way.
22又給了每人一套新衣,至於本雅明,卻給了他三百銀錢和五套新衣; 22He ordered also to be brought out for every one of them two robes: but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of silver with five robes of the best:
23同樣,給他父親送去十匹公驢,滿載埃及最好的出品,十匹母驢,滿載糧食麵餅,和為父親路上用的食品。 23Sending to his father as much money and raiment, adding besides ten he asses to carry off all the riches of Egypt, and as many she asses, carrying wheat and bread for the journey.
24隨後打發他的兄弟們走了;當他們離別時,對他們說:「路上不要爭吵!」 24So he sent away his brethren, and at their departing said to them: Be not angry in the way.
25若瑟的兄弟們由埃及上到客納罕,他們父親雅各伯那裡, 25And they went up out of Egypt, and came into the land of Chanaan to their father Jacob.
26告訴他說:「若瑟還活著,而且做了全埃及國的總理。」雅各伯聽了心中淡然,並不相信。 26And they told him, saying: Joseph thy son is living: and he is ruler in all the land of Egypt. Which when Jacob heard, he awaked as it were out of a deep sleep, yet did not believe them.
27及至他們將若瑟對他們所說的話,全講給他聽,他又看了若瑟打發來接他的車輛,他們的父親雅各伯的心神才甦醒過來。 27They, on the other side, told the whole order of the thing. And when he saw the wagons and all that he had sent his spirit revived,
28以色列於是說:「只要我兒若瑟還在,我就心滿意足了;在我未死以前,我該去見他一面。」 28And he said: It is enough for me, if Joseph my son be yet living: I will go and see him before I die.

注释
45:1-15
记述若瑟的伟大:他忘了哥哥对他的不好,不但没有报复的心,而且还称颂天主上智的安排。

45:24
「不要争吵」,是说兄弟们不要为了从前出卖自己的事,争论是非。由此可知他慷慨大量,已完全宽恕了他们。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 46
1以色列遂帶著他所有的一切出發,來到了貝爾舍巴,向他父親依撒格的天主獻了祭, 1And Israel taking his journey, with all that he had, came to the well of the oath, and killing victims there to the God of his father Isaac,
2當夜天主在神視中對以色列說:「雅各伯、雅各伯!」他答說:我在這裡。」 2He heard him by a vision in the night calling him, and saying to him: Jacob, Jacob. And he answered him: Lo, here I am.
3天主說:「我是天主,你父親的天主。你不要害怕下到埃及去,因為我要使你在那裡成為一大民族。 3God said to him: I am the most mighty God of thy father: fear not, go down into Egypt, for I will make a great nation of thee there.
4我與你一同下到埃及,也必使你再上來;若瑟要親手合上你的眼。」 4I will go down with thee thither, and will bring thee back again from thence: Joseph also shall put his hands upon thy eyes.
5雅各伯遂由貝爾舍巴起程。以色列的兒子們扶自己的父親雅各伯和自己的孩子及妻子,上了法郎派來接他的車, 5And Jacob rose up from the well of the oath: and his sons took him up, with their children and wives in the wagons, which Pharao had sent to carry the old man,
6帶了家畜和在客納罕地積聚的財物,一同向埃及進發:這樣雅各伯和他所有的孩子, 6And all that he had in the land of Chanaan, and he came into Egypt with all his seed:
7即他的兒子、孫子、女兒、孫女,他的一切孩子,都一同來到了埃及。 7His sons, and grandsons, daughters, and all his offspring together.
8以下是來到埃及的以色列人,雅各伯和他子孫的名單:雅各伯的長子勒烏本; 8And these are the names of the children of Israel, that entered into Egypt, he and his children. His firstborn Ruben,
9勒烏本的兒子:哈諾客、帕路、赫茲龍和加爾米; 9The sons of Ruben: Henoch and Phallu, and Hesron and Charmi.
10西默盎的兒子:耶慕耳、雅明、敖哈得、雅津、祚哈爾和客納罕女子的兒子沙烏耳; 10The sons of Simeon: Jamuel and Jamin and Ahod, and Jachin and Sohar, and Saul the son of a woman of Chanaan.
11肋未的兒子:革爾雄、刻哈特和默辣黎; 11The sons of Levi: Gerson and Caath and Merari.
12猶大的兒子:厄爾、敖難、舍拉、培勒茲和則辣黑:厄爾和敖難已死在客納罕地。培勒茲的兒子:赫茲龍和哈慕耳; 12The sons of Juda: Her and Onan and Sela and Phares and Zara. And Her and Onan died in the land of Chanaan. And sons were born to Phares: Hesron and Hamul.
13依撒加爾的兒子:托拉、普瓦、雅叔布和史默龍; 13The sons of Issachar: Thola and Phua and Job and Semron.
14則步隆的兒子:色勒得、厄隆和雅赫肋耳: 14The sons of Zabulon: Sared and Elon and Jahelel.
15以上是肋阿在帕丹阿蘭給雅各伯生的子孫;還有他的女兒狄納:男女子孫共計三十三人。 15These are the sons of Lia, whom she bore in Mesopotamia of Syria, with Dina his daughter. All the souls of her sons and daughters, thirty-three.
16加得的兒子:漆斐雍、哈基、叔尼、厄茲朋、厄黎、阿洛狄和阿勒里; 16The sons of Gad: Sephian and Haggi and Suni and Esebon and Heri and Arodi and Areli.
17阿協爾的兒子:依默納、依市瓦、依市偉、貝黎雅和他們的姊妹色辣黑;貝黎雅的兒子赫貝爾和瑪耳基耳: 17The sons of Aser: Jamne and Jesua and Jessuri and Beria, and Sara their sister. The sons of Beria: Heber and Melchiel.
18以上是拉班給他的女兒肋阿的婢女齊耳帕,給雅各伯生的子孫,共計十六人。 18These are the sons of Zelpha, whom Laban gave to Lia his daughter. And these she bore to Jacob, sixteen souls.
19雅各伯的妻子辣黑耳的兒子:若瑟和本雅明; 19The sons of Rachel Jacob's wife: Joseph and Benjamin.
20翁城的司祭頗提斐辣的女兒阿斯納特在埃及地給若瑟生了默納協和厄弗辣因; 20And sons were born to Joseph, in the land of Egypt, whom Aseneth the daughter of Putiphare priest of Heliopolis bore him: Manasses and Ephraim.
21本雅明的兒子:貝拉、貝革爾、阿市貝耳、革辣、納阿曼、厄希、洛士、慕平、胡平和阿爾得: 21The sons of Benjamin: Bela and Bechor and Asbel and Gera and Naaman and Echi and Ros and Mophim and Ophim and Ared.
22以上是辣黑耳給雅各伯生的子孫,共計十四人。 22These are the sons of Rachel, whom she bore to Jacob: all the souls, fourteen.
23丹的兒子:胡生; 23The sons of Dan: Husim.
24納斐塔里的兒子:雅赫則耳,古尼,耶則爾和史冷: 24The sons of Nephtali: Jaziel and Guni and Jeser and Sallem.
25以上是拉班給他的女兒辣黑耳的婢女彼耳哈,給雅各伯生的子孫,共計七人。 25These are the sons of Bala, whom Laban gave to Rachel his daughter: and these she bore to Jacob: all the souls, seven.
26由雅各伯所生而同來到埃及的人數,除雅各伯的兒媳不計外,共計六十六人。 26All the souls that went with Jacob into Egypt, and that came out of his thigh, besides his sons' wives, sixty-six.
27此外還有若瑟在埃及所生的兒子二人:雅各伯家來到埃及的全體人數,共計七十人。 27And the sons of Joseph, that were born to him in the land of Egypt, two souls. All the souls of the house of Jacob, that entered into Egypt, were seventy.
28雅各伯派猶大先去見若瑟,同他約定在哥笙相見。他們來到了哥笙地方, 28And he sent Juda before him to Joseph, to tell him; and that he should meet him in Gessen.
29若瑟套車上哥笙去迎接他父親以色列;一見了他,就撲在他頸上,抱住他的頸,哭了很久。 29And when he was come thither, Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet his father, in the same place: and seeing him, he fell upon his neck, and embracing him wept.
30以色列對若瑟說:「我見了你的面,見你還活著,現在我可以死了!」 30And the father said to Joseph: Now shall I die with joy, because I have seen thy face, and leave thee alive.
31若瑟對他的兄弟們和父親的家屬說:「我要上去呈報法郎說:我在客納罕地的兄弟們和我父親的家屬,都來到我這裡了。 31And Joseph said to his brethren, and to all his father's house: I will go up, and will tell Pharao, and will say to him: My brethren and my father's house, that were in the land of Chanaan, are come to me:
32這些人都是放羊飼畜的人;他們的羊群牛群和他們所有的一切都帶來了。 32And the men are shepherds, and their occupation is to feed cattle: their flocks and herds, and all they have, they have brought with them.
33所以,當法郎召見你們,問你們有何職業時, 33And when he shall call you, and shall say: What is your occupation?
34你們要答說:你的僕人們自幼直到現在,都是牧養牲畜的人,我們和我們的祖先都是如此。這樣你們才能住在哥笙地方,因為埃及人厭惡一切放羊的人。」 34You shall answer: We thy servants are shepherds, from our infancy until now, both we and our fathers. And this you shall say, that you may dwell in the land of Gessen, because the Egyptians have all shepherds in abomination.

注释
46:1-4
雅各伯虽渴望去埃及见若瑟,但对全家未来的命运,不能不有所顾虑。因此天主发现给他,鼓励他去。

46:27
「七十」为一成数,宗7:14随希腊本作「七十五」。

46:28
哥笙为地域名,位於尼罗河东北,靠近门匝肋湖。

46:34
若瑟叫本家人住在哥笙地方,有两种原因:一、此地很肥沃,宜於畜牧;二、此地偏僻,能保存血统的纯正。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 47
1若瑟遂去呈報法郎說:「我父和我兄弟,帶著他們的牛羊和一切所有,從客納罕地來了,現今都在哥笙地方。」 1Then Joseph went in and told Pharao, saying: My father and brethren, their sheep and their herds, and all that they possess, are come out of the land of Chanaan: and behold they stay in the land of Gessen.
2若瑟由他兄弟中選了五人,引他們去謁見法郎。 2Five men also the last of his brethren, he presented before the king:
3法郎問若瑟的兄弟們說:「你們有何職業?」他們回答法郎說:「你的僕人們是放羊的人,我們和我們的祖先,都是如此。」 3And he asked them: What is your occupation? They answered: We thy servants are shepherds, both we, and our fathers.
4繼而又對法郎說:「我們來僑居此地,因為客納罕地饑荒很凶,你僕人們的羊群找不到草地,所以請陛下讓你的僕人們住在哥笙地方。」 4We are come to sojourn in thy land, because there is no grass for the flocks of thy servants, the famine being very grievous in the land of Chanaan: and we pray thee to give orders that we thy servants may be in the land of Gessen.
5法郎遂面對若瑟說:「你父親和你兄弟既來到了你這裡, 5The king therefore said to Joseph: Thy father and thy brethren are come to thee.
6埃及國全在你面前,你可叫你父親和你兄弟住在最好的地方,叫他們住在哥笙地;你若知道他們中有能幹的人可派他們管我的牲畜。」 6The land of Egypt is before thee: make them dwell in the best place, and give them the land of Gessen. And if thou knowest that there are industrious men among them, make them rulers over my cattle.
7然後若瑟引他父親來謁見法郎;雅各伯向法郎請安。 7After this Joseph brought in his father to the king, and presented him before him: and he blessed him.
8法郎遂問雅各伯說:「請問高壽?」 8And being asked by him: How many are the days of the years of thy life?
9雅各伯回答法郎說:「我寄居人世,已一百三十年;我一生歲月又少又苦,不會達到我祖先寄居人世的年數。」 9He answered: The days of my pilgrimage are a hundred and thirty years, few, and evil, and they are not come up to the days of the pilgrimage of my fathers.
10雅各伯再向法郎請安,辭別法郎出來了。 10And blessing the king, he went out.
11若瑟依照法郎的吩咐,給他父親和兄弟安排了住處,將埃及國辣默色斯境內最好的地方,給了他們作產業。 11But Joseph gave a possession to his father and his brethren in Egypt, in the best place of the land, in Ramesses, as Pharao had commanded.
12若瑟並按照他們的人口,供給他父親和兄弟以及他父親全部家屬的食糧。 12And he nourished them, and all his father's house, allowing food to every one.
13那時因為饑荒十分嚴重,各地絕糧,連埃及國和客納罕地也因饑荒缺了糧。 13For in the whole world there was want of bread, and a famine had oppressed the land: more especially of Egypt and Chanaan.
14若瑟因售糧與民眾,將埃及國和客納罕地內所有的一切銀錢,都聚斂了來,將這些銀錢盡歸入法郎王室。 14Out of which he gathered up all the money for the corn which they bought, and brought it into the king's treasure.
15當埃及國和客納罕地的銀錢都用盡了,埃及人前來見若瑟說:「銀錢已用完了,請給我們糧食,免得我們死在你面前!」 15And when the buyers wanted money, all Egypt came to Joseph, saying: Give us bread: why should we die in thy presence, having now no money.
16若瑟回答說:「如果沒有銀錢,可將你們的家畜送來;我將糧食給你們,交換你們的家畜。」 16And he answered them: Bring me your cattle, and for them I will give you food, if you have no money.
17他們遂將家畜送來,交給若瑟;若瑟便以糧食換取了他們的馬、牛、羊、驢;那一年人們就以所有的家畜,換糧食生活。 17And when they had brought them, he gave them food in exchange for their horses, and sheep, and oxen, and asses and he maintained them that year for the exchange of their cattle.
18這一年過後,第二年他們又來見他說:「我們實不瞞我主,銀錢都用盡了,畜養的家畜也全歸了我主,在我主面前什麼也沒有了,只剩下了我們自身和我們的田地。 18And they came the second year, and said to him: We will not hide from our lord, how that our money is spent, and our cattle also are gone: neither art thou ignorant that we have nothing now left but our bodies and our lands.
19為什麼要我們死在你面前?讓田地荒蕪呢?你用糧食收買我們和我們的田地罷!好叫我們的田地都歸法郎作主。請給我們穀種,好叫我們生活,不致於死,田地也不致於荒蕪。」 19Why therefore shall we die before thy eyes? we will be thine, both we and our lands: buy us to be the king's servants, and give us seed, lest for want of tillers the land be turned into a wilderness.
20埃及人為饑荒所迫,人人出賣了自己的農田;若瑟遂為法郎購得了埃及所有的田地,田地遂盡歸法郎所有。 20So Joseph bought all the land of Egypt, every man selling his possessions, because of the greatness of the famine. And he brought it into Pharao's hands:
21並使埃及境內的人民,從這邊直到那邊,都成了農奴; 21And all its people from one end of the borders of Egypt, even to the other end thereof,
22只有司祭的田地他沒有買得,因為司祭有得自法郎的常糧,可藉法郎賜與他們的常糧生活,所以沒有賣他們的田地。 22Except the land of the priests, which had been given them by the king: to whom also a certain allowance of food was given out of the public stores, and therefore they were not forced to sell their possessions.
23那時若瑟對人民說:「今天我將你們和你們的田地,都已買下歸於法郎,這裡有你們的穀種,你們拿去播種; 23Then Joseph said to the people: Behold as you see, both you and your lands belong to Pharao: take seed and sow the fields,
24到了收穫的時候,五分之一應歸法郎,其餘四分歸你們自己,作為田地的穀種,作為你們和你們的家屬以及幼兒的食糧。」 24That you may have corn. The fifth part you shall give to the king: the other four you shall have for seed, and for food for your families and children.
25他們答說:「你救了我們的性命!唯願我們在我主前蒙恩,我們情願給法郎為奴!」 25And they answered: Our life is in thy hand: only let my lord look favourably upon us, and we will gladly serve the king.
26由此若瑟為埃及的田地立了法例,至今有效:五分之一應歸法郎;只有司祭的田地例外,不歸法郎。 26From that time unto this day, in the whole land of Egypt, the fifth part is paid to the king, and it is become as a law, except the land of the priests, which was free from this covenant.
27以色列人住在埃及國哥笙地方,在那裡置業繁殖,人數大為增加。 27So Israel dwelt in Egypt, that is, in the land of Gessen, and possessed it: and grew, and was multiplied exceedingly.
28雅各伯在埃及國又活了十七年;雅各伯的一生歲月共計一百四十七年。 28And he lived in it seventeen years: and all the days of his life came to a hundred and forty-seven years.
29以色列自知死期已近,便叫了他兒子若瑟來,對他說:「如果我在你眼內得寵,請將你的手放在我的胯下許下,以恩情和忠實對待我,不要將我埋在埃及。 29And when he saw that the day of his death drew nigh, he called his son Joseph, and said to him: If I have found favour in thy sight, put thy hand under my thigh; and thou shalt shew me this kindness and truth, not to bury me in Egypt:
30我與我的祖先同眠了,你應將我帶出埃及,葬在他們的墓地裡。」若瑟答說:「我必照你的話去行。」 30But I will sleep with my fathers, and thou shalt take me away out of this land, and bury me in the burying place of my ancestors. And Joseph answered him: I will do what thou hast commanded.
31雅各伯接著說:「你對我發誓。」若瑟遂對他發了誓;以色列便靠著床頭屈身下拜。 31And he said: Swear then to me. And as he was swearing, Israel adored God, turning to the bed's head.

注释
47:11
辣默色斯在哥笙地方,当时为一村落名;日後以色列人在那里建 了一座城;他们出离埃及,也是由此城出发(出1:11;户33:3)。

47:13-26
若瑟的政策在道德方面虽有不对之处,但当时国家的政治是如此。13-26节记载的事,有许多可与经外文献相印证,埃及和希腊的历史都有所记载。埃及的司祭有土地占有权,人民没有土地,都成了法郎的农奴。17节提到「马」(初见於圣经此处),按历史所载,埃及在希克索斯朝代开始养马,亦即若瑟的时代。

47:31
希11:21从希腊译本;按本节原文的意思是雅各伯临终时,在卧榻上拜谢了天主因为若瑟发了誓,满全了他的希望。参阅50:12-14;宗7:15-16。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 48
1這些事以後,有人告訴若瑟說:「你的父親病了。」若瑟遂帶了他的兩個兒子,默納協和厄弗辣因同去。 1After these things, it was told Joseph that his father was sick: and he set out to go to him, taking his two sons Manasses and Ephraim.
2人告訴雅各伯說:「你兒子若瑟來看你。」以色列遂勉強由床上坐起。 2And it was told the old man: Behold thy son Joseph cometh to thee. And being strengthened he sat on his bed.
3雅各伯對若瑟說:「全能者天主曾在客納罕地路次顯現給我,祝福了我, 3And when Joseph was come in to him, he said: God Almighty appeared to me at Luza, which is in the land of Chanaan: and he blessed me,
4對我說:看!我要使你繁殖增多,成為一大民族;我要將這地方賜給你未來的後裔,作為永久的產業。 4And he said: I will cause thee to increase and multiply, and I will make of thee a multitude of people: and I will give this land to thee, and to thy seed after thee for an everlasting possession.
5我未到埃及見你以前,你在埃及國所生的兩個兒子,由今起應歸於我;厄弗辣因和默納協屬我全如勒烏本和西默盎一樣。 5So thy two sons who were born to thee in the land of Egypt before I came hither to thee, shall be mine: Ephraim and Manasses shall be reputed to me as Ruben and Simeon.
6在他們以後所生的子女,盡歸於你;不過在分產業時,他們應歸他們兄弟的名下。 6But the rest whom thou shalt have after them, shall be thine, and shall be called by the name of their brethren in their possessions.
7當我由帕丹回來時,在離厄弗辣大還有一段路程時,在路上你母親辣黑耳,就在我的悲痛中死在客納罕地,我就將她葬在去厄弗辣大,即白冷的路旁。」 7For, when I came out of Mesopotamia, Rachel died from me in the land of Chanaan in the very journey, and it was springtime: and I was going to Ephrata, and I buried her near the way of Ephrata, which by another name is called Bethlehem.
8以色列看見若瑟的兒子,就問說:「他們是誰?」 8Then seeing his sons, he said to him: Who are these?
9若瑟回答父親說:「是天主在此地賜給我的兒子。」以色列說:「帶他們到我跟前來,我要祝福他們。」 9He answered: They are my sons, whom God hath given me in this place. And he said: Bring them to me that I may bless them.
10以色列因年老眼目昏花,看不清楚;若瑟遂領他們到他跟前;他就口親他們,抱住他們。 10For Israel's eyes were dim by reason of his great age, and he could not see clearly. And when they were brought to him, he kissed and embraced them.
11以色列對若瑟說:「連見你的面,我都沒有料到;現今,看,天主還使我見到了你的後裔。」 11And said to his son: I am not deprived of seeing thee: moreover God hath shewed me thy seed.
12若瑟遂由他父親膝間將孩子拉出來,俯伏在地下拜。 12And when Joseph had taken them from his father's lap, he bowed down with his face to the ground.
13然後若瑟又領他們兩個,右手領厄弗辣因到以色列左邊,左手領默納協到以色列右邊,到父親面前。 13And he set Ephraim on his right hand, that is, towards the left hand of Israel; but Manasses on his left hand, to wit, towards his father's right hand, and brought them near to him.
14以色列卻伸出右手,放在次子厄弗辣因的頭上,伸出左手放在長子默納協的頭上,故意交叉著自己的手。 14But he stretching forth his right hand, put it upon the head of Ephraim the younger brother; and the left upon the head of Manasses who was the elder, changing his hands.
15遂祝福若瑟說:「願我的祖先亞巴郎和依撒格一生與之往來的天主,自我出生直到今日牧育我的天主, 15And Jacob blessed the sons of Joseph, and said: God, in whose sight my fathers Abraham and Isaac walked, God that feedeth me from my youth until this day;
16救我脫離一切禍患的使者,祝福這兩個孩童!願我的名及我祖先亞巴郎和依撒格的名,賴他們流傳!願他們在地上生育繁昌!」 16The angel that delivereth me from all evils, bless these boys: and let my name be called upon them, and the names of my fathers Abraham, and Isaac, and may they grow into a multitude upon the earth.
17若瑟見他父親將右手放在厄弗辣因頭上,認為不對,便拿起父親的右手,由厄弗辣因頭上,移到默納協頭上, 17And Joseph seeing that his father had put his right hand upon the head of Ephraim, was much displeased: and taking his father's hand he tried to lift it from Ephraim's head, and to remove it to the head of Manasses.
18對父親說:「阿爸!錯了;這個原是長子,應將你的右手放在他頭上。」 18And he said to his father: It should not be so, my father: for this is the firstborn, put thy right hand upon his head.
19他的父親卻拒絕說:「我知道,我兒!我知道,他也要成為一個民族,他也要昌盛;但他的弟弟卻比他更要昌盛,他的後裔要成為一大民族。」 19But he refusing, said: I know, my son, I know: and this also shall become peoples, and shall be multiplied: but this younger brother shall be greater than he: and his seed shall grow into nations.
20那一天他又這樣祝福他們說:「以色列將以你們祝福人說:願天主使你如厄弗辣因和默納協!」他又將厄弗辣因放在默納協前面。 20And he blessed them at that time, saying: In thee shall Israel be blessed, and it shall be said: God do to thee as to Ephraim, and as to Manasses. And he set Ephraim before Manasses.
21然後以色列對若瑟說:「看,我快要死;但天主必與你們同在,必領你們回到你們祖先的地方去。 21And he said to Joseph his son: Behold I die, and God will be with you, and will bring you back into the land of your fathers.
22現在我將由阿摩黎人手中,以我的刀劍弓矢奪得的那塊山地賜給你,使你比眾兄弟多得一分。」 22I give thee a portion above thy brethren, which I took out of the hand of the Amorrhite with my sword and bow.

注释
48:1-22
本段作者说明两件事:一、雅各伯认若瑟的两个儿子为己子;此二子将成为两大支派,如他亲生的儿子一样;二、默纳协虽为长子,却总达不到次子厄弗辣因的权势。以色列人的历史也证明了这件事。

48:14
以色列人以右边为上位,又以「右手」象徵能力。由此可明白雅各伯和若瑟的用意。

48:15-16
雅各伯的话虽是祝福若瑟,却将祝福归於两个孩子,因此有些古今译本将15节「祝福若瑟」改作「祝福他们」。

48:22
「那块山地」原文作「舍根」,日後成了这山地的名字,日後若瑟也埋葬在这里(苏24:32;若5:5)。
創世紀 Genesis Chapter 49
1雅各伯叫了他的兒子們來說:「你們聚在一起,我要將你們日後所遇到的事告訴你們。 1And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together that I may tell you the things that shall befall you in the last days.
2雅各伯的兒子!你們集合靜聽,靜聽你們父親以色列的話: 2Gather yourselves together, and hear, O ye sons of Jacob, hearken to Israel your father:
3勒烏本,你是我的長子,我的力量,我壯年的首生;你過於暴燥,過於激烈, 3Ruben, my firstborn, thou art my strength, and the beginning of my sorrow: excelling in gifts, greater in command.
4沸騰有如滾水。你不能佔據首位,因為你侵犯了你父親的床第,上去玷污了我的臥榻。 4Thou art poured out as water, grow thou not: because thou wentest up to thy father's bed, and didst defile his couch.
5西默盎和肋未實是一對兄弟;他們的刀劍是殘暴的武器。 5Simeon and Levi brethren: vessels of iniquity, waging war.
6我的心靈決不加入他們的陰謀,我的心神決不參與他們的聚會;因為他們在盛怒下屠殺了人,任意割斷了牛的腿筋。 6Let not my soul go into their counsel, nor my glory be in their assembly: because in their fury they slew a man, and in their selfwill they undermined a wall.
7他們的忿怒這樣激烈,他們的狂暴這樣凶狠,實可詛咒!我要使他們分散在雅各伯內,使他們散居在以色列中。 7Cursed be their fury, because it was stubborn: and their wrath because it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and will scatter them in Israel.
8猶大!你將受你兄弟的讚揚;你的手必壓在你仇敵的頸上;你父親的兒子要向你俯首致敬。 8Juda, thee shall thy brethren praise: thy hands shall be on the necks of thy enemies: the sons of thy father shall bow down to thee.
9猶大是隻幼獅;我兒,你獵取食物後上來,屈身伏臥,有如雄獅,又如母獅,誰敢驚動? 9Juda is a lion's whelp: to the prey, my son, thou art gone up: resting thou hast couched as a lion, and as a lioness, who shall rouse him?
10權杖不離猶大,柄杖不離他腳間,直到那應得權杖者來到,萬民都要歸順他。 10The sceptre shall not be taken away from Juda, nor a ruler from his thigh, till he come that is to be sent, and he shall be the expectation of nations.
11他將自己的驢繫在葡萄樹上,將自己的驢駒拴在優美的葡萄樹上;在酒中洗自己的衣服,在葡萄汁中洗自己的外氅。 11Tying his foal to the vineyard, and his ass, O my son, to the vine. He shall wash his robe in wine, and his garment in the blood of the grape.
12他的雙眼因酒而發紅,他的牙齒因乳而變白。 12His eyes are more beautiful than wine, and his teeth whiter than milk.
13則步隆將居於海濱,成為船隻停泊的口岸,與漆冬毗連。 13Zabulon shall dwell on the sea shore, and in the road of ships, reaching as far as Sidon.
14依撒加爾是匹壯驢,臥在圈中; 14Issachar shall be a strong ass lying down between the borders.
15他覺得安居美好,地方優雅;便屈肩負重,成為服役的奴隸。 15He saw rest that it was good: and the land that it was excellent: and he bowed his shoulder to carry, and became a servant under tribute.
16丹將如以色列的一個支派,衛護自己的人民。 16Dan shall judge his people like another tribe in Israel.
17丹必似路邊的長蟲,道旁的毒蛇,咬傷馬蹄,使騎士向後跌下。 17Let Dan be a snake in the way, a serpent in the path, that biteth the horse's heels that his rider may fall backward.
18上主!我期待你的救援! 18I will look for thy salvation, O Lord.
19加得要受襲擊者襲擊,但他要襲擊他們的後隊。 19Gad, being girded, shall fight before him: and he himself shall be girded backward.
20阿協爾的食物肥美,將供給君王的佳肴。 20Aser, his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield dainties to kings.
21納斐塔里是隻被釋放的母鹿,發出悅耳的歌詠。 21Nephtali, a hart let loose, and giving words of beauty.
22若瑟是一株茂盛的果樹,一株泉旁茂盛的果樹;枝條蔓延牆頭。 22Joseph is a growing son, a growing son and comely to behold; the daughters run to and fro upon the wall.
23弓手令他苦惱,向他射擊,與他對敵; 23But they that held darts provoked him, and quarrelled with him, and envied him.
24但他的弓仍舊有力,他的手臂依然靈活;這是因了雅各伯的大能者之手,因了以色列的牧者和磐石之名; 24His bow rested upon the strong, and the bands of his arms and his hands were loosed, by the hands of the mighty one of Jacob: thence he came forth a pastor, the stone of Israel.
25這是因為你父親的天主扶助了你,全能者天主,以天上高處的祝福,以地下深淵蘊藏的祝福,以哺乳和生育的祝福,祝福了你。 25The God of thy father shall be thy helper, and the Almighty shall bless thee with the blessings of heaven above, with the blessings of the deep that lieth beneath, with the blessings of the breasts and of the womb.
26你父親的祝福,遠超過古山岳的祝福,永遠丘陵的願望;願這些祝福都降在若瑟頭上,降在他兄弟中被選者的額上。 26The blessings of thy father are strengthened with the blessings of his fathers: until the desire of the everlasting hills should come; may they be upon the head of Joseph, and upon the crown of the Nazarite among his brethren.
27本雅明是隻掠奪的豺狼:早上吞食獵物,晚上分贓。」 27Benjamin a ravenous wolf, in the morning shall eat the prey, and in the evening shall divide the spoil.
28以上是以色列十二支派,以及他們的父親對他們所說的話。他祝福了他們,以適合每人的祝福,祝福了他們。 28All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: these things their father spoke to them, and he blessed every one, with their proper blessings.
29以後雅各伯又囑咐他們,對他們說:「我快要歸到我親族那裡去,你們應將我葬在赫特人厄斐龍田裡的山洞裡,與我的祖先在一起。 29And he charged them, saying: I am now going to be gathered to my people: bury me with my fathers in the double cave, which is in the field of Ephron the Hethite,
30這山洞是在客納罕地,面對瑪默勒的瑪革培拉的田內;這塊田原是亞巴郎由赫特人厄斐龍買了來作為私有墳地, 30Over against Mambre in the land of Chanaan, which Abraham bought together with the field of Ephron the Hethite for a possession to bury in.
31在那裡葬了亞巴郎和他的妻子撒辣,在那裡葬了依撒格和他的妻子黎貝加;我也在那裡葬了肋阿。 31There they buried him, and Sara his wife: there was Isaac buried with Rebecca his wife: there also Lia doth lie buried.
32這塊田和其中的山洞,是由赫特人買來的。」
雅各伯給他的兒子們立完遺囑以後,便將腳縮到床上,斷氣而死,歸到他親族那裡去了。
32And when he had ended the commandments, wherewith he instructed his sons, he drew up his feet upon the bed, and died: and he was gathered to his people.

注释
49:1-28
1-27节从古以来称为「雅各伯的祝福」。这祝福满含预言的神谕。可惜这篇文辞古奥的诗文,原文有些不明之处。

49:3-4
勒乌本的丑恶行为,见35:22;他的支派逐渐衰弱,见申33:6。

49:5-7
两兄弟残忍的事,见34章;西默盎支派日後几乎完全消灭,而归入犹大支派。肋未支派日後在旷野中表示了坚决的信仰,取得了司祭的尊位,见申33:8-11。

49:8-12
犹大不但获得了长子的名分,而且在众兄弟中还得了优越的地位,成了以色列全民族的希望。按犹太人和圣教会的解释,这希望是默西亚,即那应得权杖的一位,他才是万民的希望。见12:1-3;户24:17;米5:1-3;依9:5,11;匝9:9;耶23:5;则34:23;撒下7;默5:5; 19:16。

49:13-15
则步隆支派要住在海边,靠近腓尼基。依撒加尔支派要住在厄斯得隆肥沃的平原中,图享安逸自在,甘受客纳罕人的压迫。

49:16-21
关於丹支派,见民13-16。关於阿协尔支派见苏19:24-31;申33:24。关於纳斐塔里支派,辞义不明,也许暗示德波辣的壮举,见民5。

49:22-26
雅各伯对若瑟的祝福,实际是对若瑟的儿子厄弗辣因的祝福(48:5-20)。23,24两节可能暗示若瑟幼年的遭遇;但也可能指厄弗辣因支派所受的攻击和所得的胜利(民6-9; 12:1-6)。

49:27
本雅明支派好斗的性情,见民19-21,和撒乌耳王的历史(撒上)。

創世紀 Genesis Chapter 50
1若瑟伏在他父親的臉上,痛哭親吻, 1And when Joseph saw this, he fell upon his father's face weeping and kissing him.
2然後吩咐照料自己的醫生,用香料包殮他父親;醫生便用香料包殮了以色列。 2And he commanded his servants the physicians to embalm his father.
3為他共費了四十天,因為用香料包殮屍體原需要這些天數。埃及人為他舉哀七十天。 3And while they were fulfilling his commands, there passed forty days: for this was the manner with bodies that were embalmed, and Egypt mourned for him seventy days.
4舉哀期一過,若瑟就向法郎的朝廷說:「我如在你們眼中得寵,請你們代我轉告法郎說: 4And the time of the mourning being expired, Joseph spoke to the family of Pharao: If I have found favour in your sight, speak in the ears of Pharao:
5我父親曾叫我起誓,對我說:看,我快要死了!我在客納罕地,曾為自己鑿了一個墳墓,你應把我葬在那裡。現在請讓我上去埋葬我父親,然後回來。」 5For my father made me swear to him, saying: Behold I die: thou shalt bury me in my sepulchre which I have digged for myself in the land of Chanaan. So I will go up and bury my father, and return.
6法郎回覆說:「你就照你父親令你起的誓,上去埋葬他罷!」 6And Pharao said to him: Go up and bury thy father according as he made thee swear.
7於是若瑟上去埋葬他父親,與他一同去的,有法郎的一切臣僕,朝廷的顯要,和埃及國所有的紳士; 7So he went up, and there went with him all the ancients of Pharao's house, and all the elders of the land of Egypt,
8還有若瑟全家和他的兄弟們,並他父親的家屬,只留下家中幼小,羊群和家畜在哥笙地。 8And the house of Joseph with his brethren, except their children, and their flocks and herds, which they left in the land of Gessen.
9與他同去的,尚有車輛和騎兵:實在是一大隊行列。 9He had also in his train chariots and horsemen: and it was a great company.
10當他們到了約但河對岸的阿塔得打禾場,就在那裡舉行了極備哀榮的隆重喪禮;若瑟又為自己的父親舉哀了七天。 10And they came to the threshingfloor of Atad, which is situated beyond the Jordan: where celebrating the exequies with a great and vehement lamentation, they spent full seven days.
11住在當地的客納罕人見了阿塔得打禾場上的喪禮,就說:「這為埃及人實是一場極備哀榮的喪禮。」因而給那在約但對岸的地方,起名叫阿貝耳米茲辣殷。 11And when the inhabitants of Chanaan saw this, they said: This is a great mourning to the Egyptians. And therefore the name of that place was called, The mourning of Egypt.
12雅各伯的兒子們完全照他們的父親所吩咐的給他辦了: 12So the sons of Jacob did as he had commanded them.
13將他運到客納罕地,葬在面對瑪默勒的瑪革培拉田裡的山洞內;這塊田是亞巴郎由赫特人厄斐龍買了來作為私有墳地。 13And carrying him into the land of Chanaan, they buried him in the double cave which Abraham had bought together with the field for a possession of a buryingplace, of Ephron the Hethite over against Mambre.
14若瑟葬了父親以後,遂和他兄弟們,以及所有與他上來埋葬他父親的人們,返回了埃及。 14And Joseph returned into Egypt with his brethren, and all that were in his company, after he had buried his father.
15若瑟的兄弟們見父親已死,就說:「或者若瑟仍懷恨我們,要報復我們對他所行的一切惡事。」 15Now he being dead, his brethren were afraid, and talked one with another: Lest perhaps he should remember the wrong he suffered, and requite us all the evil that we did to him.
16因此便派人去見若瑟說:「你父親未死以前曾囑咐說: 16And they sent a message to him, saying: Thy father commanded us before he died,
17你們要這樣對若瑟說:請你務必饒恕你兄弟們的過失和罪惡,因為他們實在虐待了你。現在,求你饒恕你父親的天主的僕人們的過失罷!」若瑟聽他們對他說出這樣的話,就哭了起來。 17That we should say thus much to thee from him: I beseech thee to forget the wickedness of thy brethren, and the sin and malice they practiced against thee: we also pray thee, to forgive the servants of the God of thy father this wickedness. And when Joseph heard this, he wept.
18後來他的兄弟們還親自來,俯伏在他面前說:「看,我們都是你的奴隸!」 18And his brethren came to him: and worshipping prostrate on the ground they said: We are thy servants.
19若瑟對他們說:「不要害怕!我豈能替代天主? 19And he answered them: Fear not: can we resist the will of God?
20你們原有意對我作的惡事,天主卻有意使之變成好事,造成了今日的結果:挽救了許多人民的性命。 20You thought evil against me: but God turned it into good, that he might exalt me, as at present you see, and might save many people.
21所以,你們不必害怕,有我維持你們和你們的孩子。」他這樣撫慰他們,使他們安心。 21Fear not: I will feed you and your children. And he comforted them, and spoke gently and mildly.
22若瑟和他父親的家屬,以後就住在埃及。若瑟活到了一百一十歲, 22And he dwelt in Egypt with all his father's house: and lived a hundred and ten years. And he saw the children of Ephraim to the third generation. The children also of Machir the son of Manasses were born on Joseph's knees.
23見到了厄弗辣因的第三代子孫;默納協的兒子瑪基爾的兒子們,也都生在若瑟的膝下。 23After which he told his brethren: God will visit you after my death, and will make you go up out of this land, to the land which he swore to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
24若瑟對自己的兄弟們說:「我快要死了;但天主要看顧你們,領你們由這地回到他誓許給亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯的地方去。」 24And he made them swear to him, saying: God will visit you, carry my bones with you out of this place:
25若瑟又叫以色列的兒子們起誓說:「當天主看顧你們時,你們應將我的骨骸由這裡帶回去。」
若瑟死了,享壽一百一十歲。人遂用香料包殮了他,放在棺槨內,安厝在埃及。
25And he died being a hundred and ten years old. And being embalmed he was laid in a coffin in Egypt.

注释
50:10
以色列人平常为亡者举丧七天(撒上31:13;友16:24);但为人民的领袖稍长,如为亚郎和梅瑟是叁十天(户20:29;申34:8)。

50:11
「阿贝耳米兹辣殷」,意谓:「埃及人的哀悼」。此地位於何处,已不可考。

50:23
「生在若瑟的膝下」,是指若瑟将玛基尔等视为自己的儿子,见30:3。

50:24-26
若瑟的一生堪作忍耐,依恃天主的典型;他虽在埃及得了光荣地位,但不忘客纳罕才是他的家乡,因为是天主应许他祖先之地。他也坚信日後以色列人要回到那里,所以愿意归葬在那里。他的愿望终於实现了。见出13:19;苏24:32。

出谷紀 Exodus 引言
《五書》的第二部緊接《創世紀》, 繼續記述以色列子孫的事蹟。我國譯本名為《出埃及記》,或《出谷紀》。後一譯名似乎更適合本書的深意,因為天主將以色列子民由埃及救出的事實,實是他要把全人類由罪惡的深淵中,救出來的預像和初步實現。

本書上編(1-18章)記述以色列(雅各伯)的子孫,在埃及國所受的壓迫。但天主決未忘卻他向亞巴郎和其他聖祖所許的諾言,所以選拔了梅瑟為民族的救星,叫他領導自己的同胞出離埃及,以偉大的奇蹟,救他們脫離奴隸的生活,領他們來到西乃曠野,一路上使他們經驗了天主大能的呵護,令他們堅心信賴天主的照顧。

中編(19-24章)和下編(25-40章)可稱為全舊約的中心,記載天主在西乃山上,將自己啟示給以色列子民,給他們頒佈了十誡和法律,藉梅瑟與他們立了盟約,使他們成為特選的民族,成為神權政體的國民。從那時起,天主自己作他們的君王和領袖,住在百姓中的帳幕內;並任命肋未的子孫,代百姓在會幕內服役,行祭獻天主的大禮。

本書雖可說是以色列子民,建國立憲的一部極有關係的史書,但因為沒有提及埃及王朝或君王的名號,故此本書的史事,究竟發生在何時,無法確定。據一般經學家的推究,大約是在紀元前十三世紀中葉。

本書就神學觀點來說,具有極崇高的價值,給人類啟示了天主的超然存在,和他的唯一性以及至聖性;同時也顯示了他對自己百姓的慈愛和照顧。至於他向人類要求的,是對他應懷有赤誠的信賴,以及知恩報愛等美德。由於本書所記載的史事,大都含有預像的意義,為此為新約教會的生活和禮儀,也有其特殊的價值。

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出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 1
1以色列的兒子們,各帶了家眷,同雅各伯來到埃及;他們的名字記載如下: 1These are the names of the children of Israel, that went into Egypt with Jacob: they went in, every man with his household:
2勒烏本、西默盎、肋未和猶大, 2Ruben, Simeon, Levi, Juda,
3依撒加爾,則步隆和本雅明, 3Issachar, Zabulon, and Benjamin,
4丹和納斐塔里,加得和阿協爾。 4Dan, and Nephtali, Gad and Aser.
5他們全是雅各伯所生的,一共七十人;若瑟那時已經在埃及。 5And all the souls that came out of Jacob's thigh, were seventy: but Joseph was in Egypt.
6若瑟和他的眾兄弟,以及這一代人死了以後, 6After he was dead, and all his brethren, and all that generation,
7以色列的子孫生育繁殖,數目增多,極其強盛,佈滿了那地。 7The children of Israel increased, and sprung up into multitudes, and growing exceedingly strong they filled the land.
8有位不認識若瑟的新王興起,統治了埃及。 8In the mean time there arose a new king over Egypt, that knew not Joseph:
9他對自己的人民說:「看,以色列子民,比我們又多又強。 9And he said to his people: Behold the people of the children of Israel are numerous and stronger than we.
10來,我們要用智謀對付他們,免得他們繁盛起來,一遇戰爭,就去與我們的敵人聯合,攻擊我們,然後離開此地。」 10Come, let us wisely oppress them, lest they multiply: and if any war shall rise against us, join with our enemies, and having overcome us, depart out of the land.
11於是派定督工管制他們,以苦役壓迫他們,叫他們給法郎建築丕通和辣默色斯兩座貯貨城。 11Therefore he set over them masters of the works, to afflict them with burdens, and they built for Pharao cities of tabernacles, Phithom and Ramesses.
12但是越壓迫他們,他們越增多,也越繁殖,以至埃及人都怕以色列子民。 12But the more they oppressed them, the more they were multiplied, and increased:
13於是埃及人更嚴厲地強迫以色列子民做苦工, 13And the Egyptians hated the children of Israel, and afflicted them and mocked them:
14強迫他們作和泥做磚的苦工,田間的一切勞工,以及種種苦工,使他們的生活十分痛苦。 14And they made their life bitter with hard works in clay, and brick, and with all manner of service, wherewith they were overcharged in the works of the earth.
15埃及王又吩咐為希伯來女人接生的收生婆,一個名叫史斐辣,一個名叫普亞的說: 15And the king of Egypt spoke to the midwives of the Hebrews: of whom one was called Sephora, the other Phua,
16「你們為希伯來女人接生時,要看著她們臨盆!若是男孩,就殺死;若是女孩,就讓她活著。」 16Commanding them: When you shall do the office of midwives to the Hebrew women, and the time of delivery is come: if it be a man child, kill it: if a woman, keep it alive.
17但是收生婆敬畏天主,沒有照埃及王的吩咐去作,保留了男孩的性命。 17But the midwives feared God, and did not do as the king of Egypt had commanded, but saved the men children.
18埃及王將收生婆召來,問她們說:「你們為什麼這樣做,竟叫男孩子活著呢?」 18And the king called for them and said: What is that you meant to do, that you would save the men children?
19收生婆回答法郎說:「希伯來女人與埃及女人不同,她們富有生機,收生婆還沒有來,她們已生產了。」 19They answered: The Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women: for they themselves are skillful in the office of a midwife; and they are delivered before we come to them.
20天主遂恩待了收生婆。以色列子民更加增多起來,更加強盛。 20Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people multiplied and grew exceedingly strong.
21因為收生婆敬畏天主,天主就使她們家門興旺。 21And because the midwives feared God, he built them houses.
22法郎於是訓令他的全體人民說:「凡希伯來人所生的男孩,你們應把他丟在尼羅河裡;凡是女孩,留她活著!」 22Pharao therefore charged all his people, saying: Whatsoever shall be born of the male sex, ye shall cast into the river: whatsoever of the female, ye shall save alive.

注释
1:1-7
雅各伯的儿子们(创46:8-27)在此没有按照长幼,而是按照生母编列,先记主母,後记婢女的儿子。

1:8-14
「新王」(8节)大概是辣默色斯二世(公元前一二九二 一二二五)。丕通即今之特耳玛斯顾大;以王名得名的辣默色斯城,可能即今之塔尼斯地方。由14节可以推知法郎对待以色列人,有如对待战俘。

1:15-22
为以色列妇女接生的,大概是埃及女人。由於她们也敬畏上主,不但未下毒手,反而保护了希伯来人初生的男婴,所以天主也祝福了她们。参阅申25:9;撒下7:11;列上2:24。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 2
1有肋未家族的一個男子娶了肋未家族的一個女人為妻。 1After this there went a man of the house of Levi; and took a wife of his own kindred.
2這女人懷孕生了一個兒子,見他俊美,就把他藏了三個月。 2And she conceived, and bore a son; and seeing him a goodly child hid him three months.
3以後不能再藏了,就拿了一個蒲草筐子,塗上瀝青和石漆,把孩子放在裡面,將筐放在尼羅河邊的蘆葦叢中。 3And when she could hide him no longer, she took a basket made of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and pitch: and put the little babe therein, and laid him in the sedges by the river's brink,
4孩子的姐姐遠遠的站著,想知道孩子究竟怎樣。 4His sister standing afar off, and taking notice what would be done.
5當時法郎的一個公主下到尼羅河邊洗澡,使女們在河邊上徘徊。公主發見蘆葦叢中那個筐子,就吩咐自己的使女將筐子取來。 5And behold the daughter of Pharao came down to wash herself in the river: and her maids walked by the river's brink. And when she saw the basket in the sedges, she sent one of her maids for it: and when it was brought,
6她打開一看,見有一個孩子正在哭涕,就動了可憐他的心說:「這必是一個希伯來人的孩子。」 6She opened it and seeing within it an infant crying, having compassion on it she said: This is one of the babes of the Hebrews.
7孩子的姐姐就對法郎的公主說:「你願意我去從希伯來婦女中給你請一個奶媽,為你乳養這個孩子嗎?」 7And the child's sister said to her Shall I go and call to thee a Hebrew woman, to nurse the babe?
8法郎的公主回答說:「你去罷!」少女便去叫了孩子的母親來。 8She answered: Go. The maid went and called her mother.
9法郎的公主對她說:「你將這孩子抱去,為我乳養他,我必給你工錢。」那婦人就接過去,乳養這個孩子。 9And Pharao's daughter said to her. Take this child and nurse him for me: I will give thee thy wages. The woman took, and nursed the child: and when he was grown up, she delivered him to Pharao's daughter.
10孩子長大了,那婦人就把他帶到公主那裡;公主遂收他作自己的兒子,給他起名叫梅瑟,說:「因為我從水裡拉出了他。」 10And she adopted him for a son, and called him Moses, saying: Because I took him out of the water.
11過了許久,梅瑟已經長大,有一次出去探望自己的同胞,看見他們作苦工,又見一個埃及人打他的一個同胞希伯來人; 11In those days after Moses was grown up, he went out to his brethren: and saw their affliction, and an Egyptian striking one of the Hebrews his brethren.
12他向四面一望,見沒有人,便將那埃及人打死,將他埋在沙土中。 12And when he had looked about this way and that way, and saw no one there, he slew the Egyptian and hid him in the sand.
13第二天他又出去,見兩個希伯來人打架,就對那無理的一方說:「你為什麼打你同族的人?」 13And going out the next day, he saw two Hebrews quarrelling: and he said to him that did the wrong: Why strikest thou thy neighbour?
14那人回答說:「誰立了你作我們的首領和判官?難道你想殺我,像殺那埃及人一樣嗎?」梅瑟就害怕了,心裡想:「那事一定叫人知道了!」 14But he answered: Who hath appointed thee prince and judge over us? Wilt thou kill me, as thou didst yesterday kill the Egyptian? Moses feared, and said: How is this come to be known?
15法郎聽說這事,就想殺死梅瑟;而梅瑟卻離開法郎逃走,去了米德楊地,坐在井旁。 15And Pharao heard of this word and sought to kill Moses: but he fled from his sight, and abode in the land of Madian, and he sat down by a well.
16米德楊的司祭有七個女兒,她們來打水,灌滿水槽,要飲父親的羊群。 16And the priest of Madian had seven daughters, who came to draw water: and when the troughs were filled, desired to water their father's flocks.
17別的牧童來了,趕走了她們;梅瑟便起來保護了她們,也飲了她們的羊。 17And the shepherds came and drove them away: and Moses arose, and defending the maids, watered their sheep.
18她們回到父親勒烏耳那裡,父親問她們說:「你們今天為什麼回來的這麼快?」 18And when they returned to Raguel their father, he said to them: Why are ye come sooner than usual?
19她們回答說:「有一個埃及人救我們擺脫了牧童的手,還給我們打水飲了羊群。」 19They answered: A man of Egypt delivered us from the hands of the shepherds: and he drew water also with us, and gave the sheep to drink.
20他對女兒們說:「他在那裡?你們為什麼撇下他?去請他來吃飯!」 20But he said: Where is he? why have you let the man go? call him that he may eat bread.
21於是梅瑟決定住在那人那裡,那人將自己的女兒漆頗辣給了梅瑟為妻。 21And Moses swore that he would dwell with him. And he took Sephora his daughter to wife:
22她生了一個兒子,梅瑟給他起名叫革爾熊,因為他說:「我在外方作了旅客。」 22And she bore him a son, whom he called Gersam, saying: I have been a stranger in a foreign country. And she bore another, whom he called Eliezer, saying: For the God of my father, my helper hath delivered me out of the hand of Pharao.
23過了很久,埃及王死了。那時以色列子民由於勞苦工作,都嘆息哀號:他們因勞役所發出的求救聲,升到天主面前。 23Now after a long time the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel groaning, cried out because of the works: and their cry went up unto God from the works.
24天主聽見了他們的哀號,就記起了他與亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯所立的盟約。 24And he heard their groaning, and remembered the covenant which he made with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
25天主遂眷顧了以色列子民,特別垂念他們。 25And the Lord looked upon the children of Israel, and he knew them.

注释
2:1-3
1-3节属前章,劝人守安息日为圣日。守安息日的原因与目的,见出23:12;申5:12-15。

2:4-3:24
为创造天地万物的另一记载。原来在这记载中只用了上主(雅威)的名词,但将这个记载与上章的记载编在一起时,补入了「天主」的名词。这记载的中心为人:天主对人,人对天主的态度。关於人的来历和本性,作者用简略的话,教训人一端论宗教和文化的最高深的道理:人肉身的形成,好像其他的动物,是由尘土造成的,对於灵魂却有极大的区别,它是直接由天主所造。伊甸乐园位於何处,人不得而知。乐园是天主考验人的地方。「生命树」所象徵的是天主愿意赐给人的「不死」之恩。「知善恶的树」,是试探人的工具。「知善恶」的意思,大概是说:人一犯天主的禁令,就知道所失去的超性恩宠 真善,是多麽美善,所犯的罪恶 真恶,是如何凶恶。

2:15
说明人犯罪之前,天主已叫人应该工作。

2:18-25
本段的要义有二:一、人给动物命名,是表示人受有统治一切造物的权柄;二、从亚当的肉身形成了第一个女人,是指女人同他有一样的人性,像亚当一样是照天主的肖像受造的。夫妇结为一体,表示婚姻的结合是天主制定的,人不能拆散(玛19:5,6)。赤身不害羞,是说原祖未犯罪前纯洁无罪的状态,还未体验到罪过的恶果。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 3
1那時梅瑟為他的岳父,米德楊的司祭耶特洛放羊;一次他趕羊往曠野裡去,到了天主的山曷勒布。 1Now Moses fed the sheep of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Madian: and he drove the flock to the inner parts of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, Horeb.
2上主的使者從荊棘叢的火焰中顯現給他;他遠遠看見那荊棘為火焚燒,而荊棘卻沒有燒毀。 2And the Lord appeared to him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he saw that the bush was on fire and was not burnt.
3梅瑟心裡說:「我要到那邊看看這個奇異的現象,為什麼荊棘燒不毀?」 3And Moses said: I will go and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.
4上主見他走來觀看,天主便由荊棘叢中叫他說:「梅瑟!梅瑟!」他答說:「我在這裡。」 4And when the Lord saw that he went forward to see, he called to him out of the midst of the bush, and said: Moses, Moses. And he answered: Here I am.
5天主說:「不可到這邊來!將你腳上的鞋脫下,因為你所站的地方是聖地。」 5And he said: Come not nigh hither, put off the shoes from thy feet: for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
6又說:「我是你父親的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主,雅各伯的天主。」梅瑟因為怕看見天主,就把臉遮起來。 6And he said: I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. Moses hid his face: for he durst not look at God.
7上主說:「我看見我的百姓在埃及所受的痛苦,聽見他們因工頭的壓迫而發出的哀號;我已注意到他們的痛苦。 7And the Lord said to him: I have seen the affliction of my people in Egypt, and I have heard their cry because of the rigour of them that are over the works:
8所以我要下去拯救百姓脫離埃及人的手,領他們離開那地方,到一個美麗寬闊的地方,流奶流蜜的地方,就是客納罕人、赫特人、阿摩黎人、培黎齊人、希威人和耶步斯人的地方。 8And knowing their sorrow, I am come down to deliver them out of the hands of the Egyptians, and to bring them out of that land into a good and spacious land, into a land that floweth with milk and honey, to the places of the Chanaanite, and Hethite, and Amorrhite, and Pherezite, and Hevite, and Jebusite.
9現在以色列子民的哀號已達於我前,我也親自看見埃及人加於他們的壓迫。 9For the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: and I have seen their affliction, wherewith they are oppressed by the Egyptians.
10所以你來,我要派你到法郎那裡,率領我的百姓以色列出離埃及。」 10But come, and I will send thee to Pharao, that thou mayst bring forth my people, the children of Israel out of Egypt.
11梅瑟對天主說:「我是誰,竟敢去見法郎,率領以色列子民出離埃及?」 11And Moses said to God: Who am I that I should go to Pharao, and should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?
12上主回答說:「我必與你同在;幾時你將我的百姓由埃及領出來,你們要在這座山上崇拜天主,你要以此作為我派你的憑據。」 12And he said to him: I will be with thee: and this thou shalt have for a sign, that I have sent thee: When thou shalt have brought my people out of Egypt, thou shalt offer sacrifice to God upon this mountain.
13梅瑟對天主說:「當我到以色列子民那裡,向他們說:你們祖先的天主打發我到你們這裡來時,他們必要問我:他叫什麼名字?我要回答他們什麼呢?」 13Moses said to God: Lo, I shall go to the children of Israel, and say to them: The God of your fathers hath sent me to you. If they should say to me: What is his name? what shall I say to them?
14天主向梅瑟說:「我是自有者。」又說:「你要這樣對以色列子民說:那「自有者」打發我到你們這裡來。」 14God said to Moses: I AM WHO AM. He said: Thus shalt thou say to the children of Israel: HE WHO IS, hath sent me to you.
15天主又對梅瑟說:「你要這樣對以色列子民說:上主,你們祖先的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主和雅各伯的天主,打發我到你們這裡來,這是我的名字,直到永遠;這是我的稱號,直到萬世。 15And God said again to Moses: Thus shalt thou say to the children of Israel: The Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me to you: This is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
16你去召集以色列的長老,對他們說:上主,你們祖先的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主和雅各伯的天主顯現給我說:我實在注意到你們和你們在埃及所遭遇的一切。 16Go, gather together the ancients of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: The Lord God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared to me, saying: Visiting I have visited you: and I have seen all that hath befallen you in Egypt.
17因此我決意領你們擺脫埃及人的壓迫,到客納罕人,赫特人,阿摩黎人,培黎齊人,希威人和耶步斯人的地方,即流奶流蜜的地方去。 17And I have said the word to bring you forth out of the affliction of Egypt, into the land of the Chanaanite, the Hethite, and the Amorrhite, and Pherezite, and Hevite, and Jebusite, to a land that floweth with milk and honey.
18他們必會聽你的話。你要同以色列的長老去見埃及王,對他說:上主,希伯來人的天主遇見了我們;現今請讓我們走三天的路程,到曠野裡向上主我們的天主舉行祭獻。 18And they shall hear thy voice: and thou shalt go in, thou and the ancients of Israel, to the king of Egypt, and thou shalt say to him: The Lord God of the Hebrews hath called us: we will go three days' journey into the wilderness, to sacrifice unto the Lord our God.
19但是我知道,若不用強硬的手段,埃及王決不會讓你們走。 19But I know that the king of Egypt will not let you go, but by a mighty hand.
20因此,我要在埃及伸手顯各種奇蹟,打擊那地;以後他才放你們走。 20For I will stretch forth my hand and will strike Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst of them: after these he will let you go.
21我必要使這百姓在埃及人眼中蒙恩,因此,你們離去時不致空手而去。 21And I will give favour to this people, in the sight of the Egyptians: and when you go forth, you shall not depart empty:
22每個婦人應向鄰舍的婦女,向住在自己家中的女人索取金飾、銀飾和衣服,穿戴在你們子女身上:這樣你們就剝奪了埃及人。」 22But every woman shall ask of her neighbour, and of her that is in her house, vessels of silver and of gold, and raiment: and you shall put them on your sons and daughters, and shall spoil Egypt.



3:1
曷勒布山又名「天主的山」(18:5;申4:10-15; 5:2;列上8:9)位於西乃半岛;此山与西乃山屡次混用,大概曷勒布是指全山而言,西乃是一山峰名。

3:2-8
2节所说的「上主的使者」,参阅创16:7-11 注释。8节「流奶流蜜的地方」一句,只是夸大渲染的语法,形容福地的肥沃美好。

3:12
「我必与你同在」:蒙天主宠召而为天主工作的人,天主必偕同他克服一切困难(依6;耶1:8;则3:14)。

3:14
「我是自有者」,亦可译作「我是永存者」,或「我是使万物生存者」。这个不可思议的名号,指出天主的超越性和他创造、照顾万物的全能。参阅依42:8; 43:10-11; 44:6; 45:5,18;若17:6,26;默1:4等处。这名号的音译是「雅威」。古时误读为「耶和华」。古代希腊、拉丁、叙利亚等译本,多译为「主」,今随古代习惯及圣教会的礼仪译为「上主」。

3:20
20节是天主预言要惩罚埃及的十大灾难(7:14-12:30)。

3:21-22
21,22两节参阅11:2-3; 12:35-36;智10:16-19。这种行为是基於赔偿损失的理由。埃及人无理的压迫和剥夺以色列人的一切所有,天主也让以色列子民剥夺他们。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 4
1梅瑟回答說:「他們必然不肯相信我,也不肯聽我的話,而對我說:上主沒有顯示給你。」 1Moses answered and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to thee.
2上主問他說:「你手裡拿的是什麼?」他回答說:「一根棍杖。」 2Then he said to him: What is that thou holdest in thy hand? He answered: A rod.
3上主說:「將棍杖扔在地上!」他便將棍杖扔在地上,棍杖即刻變成了一條蛇;梅瑟一見,就逃避了。 3And the Lord said: Cast it down upon the ground. He cast it down, and it was turned into a serpent: so that Moses fled from it.
4上主向梅瑟說:「伸手捉著蛇的尾巴!──他便伸手捉住,那條蛇在他手裡又變成一根棍杖。── 4And the Lord said: Put out thy hand and take it by the tail. He put forth his hand, and took hold of it, and it was turned into a rod.
5好叫他們相信上主,他們祖先的天主,亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主和雅各伯的天主曾顯示給你。」 5That they may believe, saith he, that the Lord God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared to thee.
6上主又對他說:「將你的手插懷裡!」他就將手插在懷裡;及至抽出手來,見手上患了癩瘡,像雪那樣白。 6And the Lord said again: Put thy hand into thy bosom. And when he had put it into his bosom, he brought it forth leprous as snow.
7天主又說:「將你的手再插進懷裡!──他就把手再插入懷裡;及至從懷裡抽出時,見手已經恢復原狀,像別的肌肉一樣。── 7And he said: Put back thy hand into thy bosom. He put it back, and brought it out again, and it was like the other flesh.
8如果他們不肯信你,也不信服第一個奇蹟,必定信服第二個奇蹟。 8If they will not believe thee, saith he, nor hear the voice of the former sign, they will believe the word of the latter sign.
9如果連這兩個奇蹟也不信,也不聽你的話,你就從尼羅河裡取些水,倒在旱地上;你從河裡取的水必在旱地上變成血。」 9But if they will not even believe these two signs, nor hear thy voice: take of the river water, and pour it out upon the dry land, and whatsoever thou drawest out of the river shall be turned into blood.
10梅瑟對上主說:「吾主,請原諒!我不是個有口才的人,以前不是,你向你的僕人說話以後,也不是;我原是笨口結舌的人。」 10Moses said: I beseech thee, Lord. I am not eloquent from yesterday and the day before: and since thou hast spoken to thy servant, I have more impediment and slowness of tongue.
11上主回答他說:「是誰給人一個嘴?是誰使人口啞耳聾,眼明眼瞎呢?不是我上主嗎? 11The Lord said to him: Who made man's mouth? or who made the dumb and the deaf, the seeing and the blind? did not I?
12現在你去,我要幫助你說話,指教你該說什麼。」 12Go therefore and I will be in thy mouth: and I will teach thee what thou shalt speak.
13梅瑟回答說:「吾主,請原諒!你要打發誰,就打發誰去罷!」 13But he said: I beseech thee, Lord send whom thou wilt send.
14上主向梅瑟發怒說:「不是有你的哥哥肋未人亞郎嗎?我知道他是有口才的,他現在正前來迎接你;他見了你,心中必要快樂。 14The Lord being angry at Moses, said Aaron the Levite is thy brother, I know that he is eloquent: behold he cometh forth to meet thee, and seeing thee shall be glad at heart.
15你可向他說話,將你應該說的話放在他口中。我要幫助你,也幫助他說話,指教你們應做什麼。 15Speak to him, and put my words in his mouth: and I will be in thy mouth, and in his mouth, and will shew you what you must do.
16他要代替你向百姓說話,作你的口舌;你對他是代替天主。 16He shall speak in thy stead to the people, and shall be thy mouth: but thou shalt be to him in those things that pertain to God.
17你手中要拿著這根棍杖,用來行奇蹟。」 17And take this rod in thy hand, wherewith thou shalt do the signs.
18於是梅瑟起來回到他岳父耶特洛那裡,對他說:「請讓我回到埃及我弟兄們那裡,看看他們還健在嗎?」耶特洛對梅瑟說:「你平安去罷!」 18Moses went his way, and returned to Jethro his father in law and said to him: I will go and return to my brethren into Egypt, that I may see if they be yet alive. And Jethro said to him: Go in peace.
19上主在米德楊對梅瑟說:「起身回埃及去!因為那些想殺害你的人都死了。」 19And the Lord said to Moses, in Madian: Go, and return into Egypt: for they are all dead that sought thy life.
20梅瑟遂帶著妻子孩子,叫他們騎在驢上,起身回埃及國去了;梅瑟手中拿著天主的棍杖。 20Moses therefore took his wife, and his sons, and set them upon an ass: and returned into Egypt, carrying the rod of God in his hand.
21上主對梅瑟說:「你回到埃及,要將我交於你行的一切奇蹟,行於法郎面前;但我要使他心硬,不肯放百姓走。 21And the Lord said to him as he was returning into Egypt: See that thou do all the wonders before Pharao, which I have put in thy hand: I shall harden his heart, and he will not let the people go.
22你要對法郎說:上主這樣說:以色列是我的長子。 22And thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord: Israel is my son, my firstborn.
23我命你,讓我的兒子去崇拜我。你若拒絕放他們走,我必要殺你的長子。」 23I have said to thee: Let my son go, that he may serve me, and thou wouldst not let him go: behold I will kill thy son, thy firstborn.
24梅瑟在路上住宿的時候,上主遇著他,要想殺他。 24And when he was in his journey, in the inn, the Lord met him, and would have killed him.
25漆頗辣急忙拿了一塊石刀,將他兒子的包皮割下,拿包皮接觸他的腳說:「你真是我的血郎。」 25Immediately Sephora took a very sharp stone, and circumcised the fore skin of her son, and touched his feet and said: A bloody spouse art thou to me.
26這樣上主就放了他。當時漆頗辣說:「血郎。」是因了割損的原故。 26And he let him go after she had said A bloody spouse art thou to me, because of the circumcision.
27其時上主向亞郎說:「你往曠野去迎接梅瑟!」他就去了。在天主的山旁遇見了梅瑟,口親了他。 27And the Lord said to Aaron: Go into the desert to meet Moses. And he went forth to meet him in the mountain of God, and kissed him.
28梅瑟把上主打發他所說的一切話和命他行的奇蹟,都告訴了亞郎。 28And Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord, by which he had sent him, and the signs that he had commanded.
29梅瑟和亞郎遂去召集以色列子民所有的長老。 29And they came together, and they assembled all the ancients of the children of Israel.
30亞郎講述了上主向梅瑟所說的一切話,也當著百姓行了那些奇蹟; 30And Aaron spoke all the words which the Lord had said to Moses: and he wrought the signs before the people,
31百姓就都信了,也都高興,因為上主眷顧了以色列子民,也垂念了他們的痛苦。他們遂都俯伏叩拜。 31And the people believed. And they heard that the Lord had visited the children of Israel: and that he had looked upon their affliction: and falling down they adored.



4:1-9
天主行奇迹是为坚固人的信仰,取信於人;并且奇迹与天主的启示是分不开的,因为行神迹是叫人信服天主的话,证明是天主说的话(申13:2-6;户14:11;依38:7;耶44:29;若2:11; 10:36-38; 11:40-42; 12:28-30,37,40; 20:30,31)。

4:13
13节梅瑟的意思是说:你愿意派遣谁就派遣谁,只不要派遣我。

4:14-16
16节亚郎作梅瑟的舌人,如同先知作天主的舌人一样。「梅瑟的棍杖」在20节又称为「天主的棍杖」,是说梅瑟藉天主的能力,棍杖才能大显神能。

4:21-22
「我要使他心硬」,即谓:天主让法郎任意运用自己的自主之权,并不阻止他行恶。天主既知未来,所以将梅瑟行事的结果预先说出(依6:9-13;罗9:18)。「以色列是我的长子」一句,表示天主锺爱以色列,在万民中特别简选了他们。

4:23-26
23-26节一段不易解说,最切合的解释可能是由於梅瑟未曾受过割损,在他回埃及的途中,天主想将他杀死。漆颇辣为使丈夫免於一死,给儿子施行割损之後,就拿孩子的包皮接触梅瑟的下体(他的脚所指),使丈夫也像行了割损一样。此事的神秘性,和雅各伯与天神搏斗的事一样神秘(创32:23-33)。

出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 5
1此後,梅瑟同亞郎去見法郎說:「以色列的天主雅威這樣說:「你應放我的百姓走,好叫他們在曠野裡過節敬拜我。」 1After these things Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go that they may sacrifice to me in the desert.
2法郎問說:「誰是雅威,我該聽他的命,放以色列走?我不認識雅威,也不放以色列走。」 2But he answered: Who is the Lord, that I should hear his voice, and let Israel go? I know not the Lord, neither will I let Israel go.
3他們回答說:「希伯來人的天主遇見了我們。請讓我們走三天的路到曠野裡,向上主我們的天主獻祭,免得他用瘟疫刀兵擊殺我們。」 3And they said: The God of the Hebrews hath called us, to go three days' journey into the wilderness and to sacrifice to the Lord our God: lest a pestilence or the sword fall upon us.
4埃及王回答他們說:「梅瑟、亞郎啊!你們為什麼妨礙百姓工作呢?去服你們的勞役罷!」 4The king of Egypt said to them: Why do you Moses and Aaron draw off the people from their works? Get you gone to your burdens.
5法郎又說:「現在他們比本地的人民還多,你們竟然叫他們歇工?」 5And Pharao said: The people of the land is numerous: you see that the multitude is increased: how much more if you give them rest from their works?
6那一天法郎命令那些百姓中的監工和工頭說: 6Therefore he commanded the same day the overseers of the works, and the taskmasters of the people, saying:
7「你們以後不要再像往日一樣,給百姓做磚用的草稭,叫他們自己去拾草。 7You shall give straw no more to the people to make brick, as before: but let them go and gather straw.
8但你們仍向他們要往日所做的同樣磚數,一點也不可減少,因為他們懶惰,所以才吶喊說:我們要去向我們的天主獻祭。 8And you shall lay upon them the task of bricks, which they did before, neither shall you diminish any thing thereof: for they are idle, and therefore they cry, saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God.
9應給這些人加重工作,使他們只工作,而不聽謊言。」 9Let them be oppressed, with works, and let them fulfill them: that they may not regard lying words.
10百姓中的監工頭遂出去向百姓說:「法郎這樣吩咐:我再不給你們草稭。 10And the overseers of the works and the taskmasters went out and said to the people: Thus saith Pharao, I allow you no straw:
11你們看那裡能找到草稭,就到那裡去拾罷!但應有的工作一點也不可減少。」 11Go, and gather it where you can find it: neither shall any thing of your work be diminished.
12百姓就分散到埃及全境,拾取麥莖充當草稭。 12And the people was scattered through all the land of Egypt to gather straw.
13監工催迫說:「你們每天應該完成當天的工作,像從前有草稭時一樣。」 13And the overseers of the works pressed them, saying: Fulfill your work every day as before you were wont to do when straw was given you.
14法郎的監工責打他們所派出的以色列子民的工頭說:「你們昨天今天為什麼沒有完成像前天所做的磚數呢?」 14And they that were over the works of the children of Israel were scourged by Pharao's taskmasters, saying: Why have you not made up the task of bricks both yesterday and today as before?
15以色列子民的工頭遂去向法郎訴苦說:「你為什麼這樣對待你的僕人們呢? 15And the officers of the children of Israel came, and cried out to Pharao, saying: Why dealest thou so with thy servants?
16不給你僕人們草稭,只對我們說:做磚罷!原是你人民的錯,你卻來打你的僕人們。」 16Straw is not given us, and bricks are required of us as before: behold we thy servants are beaten with whips, and thy people is unjustly dealt withal.
17法郎回答說:「你們太懶惰了!所以說:讓我們去祭獻上主! 17And he said: You are idle, and therefore you say: Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.
18現在都快去作工!決不供給你們草稭,但是磚卻該如數交上。」 18Go therefore, and work: straw shall not be given you, and you shall deliver the accustomed number of bricks.
19以色列子民的工頭因所出的命令說:「你們每天應做的磚數,不得減少,」便知自己更陷於困難中。 19And the officers of the children of Israel saw that they were in evil case, because it was said to them: There shall not a whit be diminished of the bricks for every day.
20工頭們由法郎那裡出來,遇見梅瑟和亞郎正等候他們, 20And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood over against them as they came out from Pharao:
21就對他們說:「願上主鑒察懲罰你們!你們使我們在法郎和他臣僕眼中成了可恨的,就好像把刀交在他們手中,宰殺我們。」 21And they said to them: The Lord see and judge, because you have made our savour to stink before Pharao and his servants, and you have given him a sword to kill us.
22梅瑟回到上主那裡說:「吾主,你為什麼折磨這百姓?為什麼偏偏打發我呢? 22And Moses returned to the Lord, and said: Lord, why hast thou afflicted this people? wherefore hast thou sent me?
23自從我到法郎那裡,奉你的名講話以來,他更加折磨這百姓,而你也沒有拯救你的百姓。」 23For since the time that I went in to Pharao to speak in thy name, he hath afflicted thy people: and thou hast not delivered them.



5:1-5
梅瑟和亚郎所进见的法郎,可能是辣默色斯的儿子默乃弗大(公元前一二叁四 一二一四)。5节按撒玛黎雅古卷译出。由上下文可以推知法郎将梅瑟和亚郎看作两个工头。(4,5节)。

5:16
16节亦可译作「看你的仆人们(以色列人)时常被殴打,这是你的人民(埃及人)的不对」。

5:21
「成了可恨的」,西乃抄卷和拉丁本作:「使我们留下臭名」。

5:22-23
梅瑟开始遭受到「基督所受的耻辱」(希11:26)。「回到上主那里」,即言去祈求上主,不要因自己的措施而加重百姓的痛苦。梅瑟如同亚巴郎一样,屡次在天主前为百姓尽了「中人」的责任(迦3:19)。

出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 6
1上主回答梅瑟說:「現在你就要看見我對法郎所要作的;在強硬的手臂下,他必放走他們;在強硬的手腕下,他必將他們逐出自己的國境。」 1And the Lord said to Moses: Now thou shalt see what I will do to Pharao: for by a mighty hand shall he let them go, and with a strong hand shall he cast them out of his land.
2天主訓示梅瑟說:「我是雅威。 2And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: I am the Lord,
3我曾顯現給亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯為「全能的天主」,但沒有以「雅威」的名字將我啟示給他們。 3That appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, by the name of God Almighty; and my name ADONAI I did not shew them.
4我也與他們立了約,許下將他們寄居而作客的客納罕地賜給他們。 4And I made a covenant with them, to give them the land of Chanaan, the land of their pilgrimage wherein they were strangers.
5如今我聽見了以色列子民因埃及人的奴役而發的哀號,想起了我的約。 5I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, wherewith the Egyptians have oppressed them: and I have remembered my covenant.
6為此你應該對以色列子民說:我是上主,我要使你們擺脫埃及人的虐待,拯救你們脫離他們的奴役,用伸開的手臂,藉嚴厲的懲罰救贖你們。 6Therefore say to the children of Israel: I am the Lord who will bring you out from the work prison of the Egyptians, and will deliver you from bondage: and redeem you with a high arm, and great judgments.
7我要以你們作我的百姓,我作你們的天主。你們將承認我是上主,你們的天主,使你們擺脫埃及人的虐待。 7And I will take you to myself for my people, I will be your God: and you shall know that I am the Lord your God who brought you out from the work prison of the Egyptians.
8我領你們要去的地方,就是我舉手誓許給亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯的地方;我要把那地方賜給你們作為產業。──我是上主。」 8And brought you into the land, concerning which I lifted up my hand to give it to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob and I will give it you to possess, I am the Lord.
9梅瑟將這些話告訴了以色列子民,但他們由於苦工喪氣,不肯聽梅瑟的話。 9And Moses told all this to the children of Israel: but they did not hearken to him, for anguish of spirit, and most painful work.
10上主訓示梅瑟說: 10And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
11「你去告訴埃及王法郎說:叫他將以色列子民由他國中放走。」 11Go in, and speak to Pharao king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
12梅瑟當面回答上主說:「以色列子民既不肯聽我,法郎又怎肯聽我?況且我又是笨口結舌的人。」 12Moses answered before the Lord Behold the children of Israel do no hearken to me; and how will Pharao hear me, especially as I am of uncircumcised lips?
13上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎,命令他們去見以色列子民和埃及王法郎,好領以色列子民出離埃及國。 13And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, and he gave them a charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharao the king of Egypt, that they should bring forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
14以下是他們家族的族長:以色列的長子勒烏本的兒子:有哈諾客、帕路、赫茲龍和加爾米:以上是勒烏本的家族。 14These are the heads of their house by their families. The sons of Rubel the firstborn of Israel: Henoch and Phallu, Hesron and Charmi.
15西默盎的兒子:有耶慕耳、雅明、敖哈得、雅津、祚哈爾和客納罕女子生的兒子沙烏耳:以上是西默盎的家族。 15These are the kindreds of Ruben. The sons of Simeon: Jamuel, and Jamin and Ahod, and Jachin, and Soar, and Saul the son of a Chanaanitess: these are the families of Simeon.
16以下是肋未的兒子和他們後代的名字:革爾雄、刻哈特和默辣黎。肋未享年一百三十七歲。 16And these are the names of the sons of Levi by their kindreds: Gerson, and Caath, and Merari. And the years of the life of Levi were a hundred and thirty seven.
17革爾雄的兒子:有里貝尼和史米以及他們的家族。 17The sons of Gerson: Lobni and Semei, by their kindreds.
18刻哈特的兒子:有阿默蘭、依茲哈爾、赫貝龍、烏齊耳。刻哈特享年一百三十三歲。 18The sons of Caath: Amram, and Isaar, and Hebron, and Oziel. And the years of Caath's life were a hundred and thirty-three.
19默辣黎的兒子有:瑪赫里和慕史:以上是肋未各家族和他們的後代。 19The sons of Merari: Moholi and Musi. These are the kindreds of Levi by their families.
20阿默蘭娶了自己的姑母約革貝得為妻,她給他生了亞郎和梅瑟。阿默蘭享年一百三十七歲。 20And Amram took to wife Jochabed his aunt by the father's side: and she bore him Aaron and Moses. And the years of Amram's life were a hundred and thirty-seven.
21依茲哈爾的兒子:有科辣黑、乃斐格和齊革黎。 21The sons also of Isaar: Core, and Nepheg, and Zechri.
22烏齊耳的兒子:有米沙耳、厄里匝番和息特黎。 22The sons also of Oziel: Mizael, and Elizaphan, and Sethri.
23亞郎娶了阿米納達布的女兒,納赫雄的姊妹厄里舍巴為妻,她給亞郎生了納達布、阿彼胡、厄肋阿匝爾和依塔瑪爾。 23And Aaron took to wife Elizabeth the daughter of Aminadab, sister of Nahason, who bore him Nadab, and Abiu, and Eleazar, and Ithamar.
24科辣黑的兒子:有阿息爾、厄耳卡納和阿彼雅撒夫:以上是科辣黑的各家族。 24The sons also of Core: Aser, and Elcana, and Abiasaph. These are the kindreds of the Corites.
25亞郎的兒子厄肋阿匝爾娶了普提耳的一個女兒為妻,她給他生了丕乃哈斯:以上是肋未人各支屬的族長。 25But Eleazar the son of Aaron took a wife of the daughters of Phutiel: and she bore him Phinees. These are the heads of the Levitical families by their kindreds.
26天主曾向亞郎和梅瑟說過:「你們應領以色列子民一隊一隊地出埃及國。」 26These are Aaron and Moses, whom the Lord commanded to bring forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their companies.
27這個梅瑟和亞郎曾向埃及王法郎說過:要將以色列子民從埃及領出來。 27These are they that speak to Pharao king of Egypt, in order to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt: these are that Moses and Aaron,
28當上主在埃及國對梅瑟說話的那一天, 28In the day when the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt.
29上主曾對梅瑟說:「我是上主。你應該把我對你所說的一切話告訴埃及王法郎。」 29And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: I am the Lord: speak thou to Pharao king of Egypt all that I say to thee.
30梅瑟當面回答上主說:「看,我是個笨口結舌的人,法郎怎麼肯聽我?」 30And Moses said before the Lord: Lo I am of uncircumcised lips, how will Pharao hear me?



6:1
上主的话暗示埃及所要遭受的十大灾难(7:8-12:34)。

6:3
「全能的天主」,原文作「厄耳沙待」,意义难明,古译本多作「全能的天主」。以色列的列祖虽应用过「雅威」(上主)为天主的名号,但自从梅瑟在曷勒布见到异象之後,「雅威」一名给予以色列人一种新的意义:雅威是立盟约、施救恩和支配人类历史的天主。

6:14-27
14-27节记载雅各伯前叁个儿子(创29:32-34):勒乌本、西默盎和肋未的後代。作者的目的,是指出肋未支派在以色列十二支派中所占的地位。本章的名单是不全的,参阅户26:5-14;创46:11;户3:17;出2:2;户26:57-59; 25:6-13。

6:20
娶姑母为妻的事,在以後的法律中,已被禁止(肋18:12)。拉丁和希腊本作「堂姊妹」。

出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 7
1上主向梅瑟說:「看,我使你在法郎前像神一樣,你的哥哥亞郎將作你的代言人。 1And the Lord said to Moses: Behold I have appointed thee the God of Pharao: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.
2凡我吩咐你的一切,你要告訴你的哥哥亞郎,要他對法郎講話,叫他放以色列子民離開他的國境。 2Thou shalt speak to him all that I command thee; and he shall speak to Pharao, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
3我卻要使法郎心硬,為此在埃及國要增多我的奇蹟和異事。 3But I shall harden his heart, and shall multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,
4但因法郎不聽從你們,我要向埃及伸手,藉嚴厲的懲罰,將我的軍隊,我的百姓以色列子民,從埃及國領出來。 4And he will not hear you: and I will lay my hand upon Egypt, and will bring forth my army and my people the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt, by very great judgments.
5當我向埃及人伸手,將以色列子民從埃及人中間領出來的時候,他們要承認我是上主。」 5And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, who have stretched forth my hand upon Egypt, and have brought forth the children of Israel out of the midst of them.
6梅瑟和亞郎就受命行事;上主怎樣吩咐,他們就怎樣行了。 6And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord had commanded: so did they.
7當他們去與法郎會談的時候,梅瑟八十歲,亞郎八十三歲。 7And Moses was eighty years old, and Aaron eighty-three, when they spoke to Pharao.
8上主對梅瑟和亞郎說: 8And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron:
9「如果法郎要求你們說:你們顯個奇蹟,給你們作證罷!你就吩咐亞郎說:將你的棍杖扔在法郎面前,棍杖就會變成一條蛇。」 9When Pharao shall say to you, shew signs: thou shalt say to Aaron: Take thy rod, and cast it down before Pharao, and it shall be turned into a serpent.
10梅瑟和亞郎就去見法郎,照上主的吩咐作了:亞郎將棍杖扔在法郎和他臣僕面前,棍杖就變成了一條蛇。 10So Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharao, and did as the Lord had commanded. And Aaron took the rod before Pharao, and his servants, and it was turned into a serpent.
11法郎也將他的智者和術士召來,這些埃及的巫士也用他們的巫術作了同樣的事: 11And Pharao called the wise men and the magicians: and they also by Egyptian enchantments and certain secrets did in like manner.
12他們每人扔下自己的棍杖,也都變成了蛇,但亞郎的棍杖卻吞了他們的棍杖。 12And they every one cast down their rods, and they were turned into serpents: but Aaron's rod devoured their rods.
13法郎仍然心硬,不肯聽他們的話,正如上主所說的。 13And Pharao's heart was hardened, and he did not hearken to them, as the Lord had commanded.
14上主對梅瑟說:「法郎硬了心,拒絕釋放百姓。 14And the Lord said to Moses: Pharao's heart is hardened, he will not let the people go.
15明天早晨你去見法郎。他去水邊的時候,你要站在尼羅河邊迎住他;手中拿著那根變過蛇的棍杖。 15Go to him in the morning, behold he will go out to the waters: and thou shalt stand to meet him on the bank of the river: and thou shalt take in thy hand the rod that was turned into a serpent.
16你對他說:上主,希伯來人的天主打發我來見你說:你應放我的百姓到曠野中去崇拜我;但到現在你仍沒有聽從。 16And thou shalt say to him: The Lord God of the Hebrews sent me to thee saying: Let my people go to sacrifice to me in the desert: and hitherto thou wouldst not hear.
17上主這樣說:看,我要用手中拿的棍杖擊打河水,水就變成血,如此你必承認,我是上主。 17Thus therefore saith the Lord: In this thou shalt know that I am the Lord: behold I will strike with the rods that is in my hand, the water of the river, and it shall be turned into blood.
18河中的魚都要死,河水都要腥臭,埃及人不能再喝河中的水。」 18And the fishes that are in the river shall die, and the waters shall be corrupted, and the Egyptians shall be afflicted when they drink the water of the river.
19上主對梅瑟說:「你向亞郎說:拿起你的棍杖,將手伸在埃及的水上,即伸在河、溝渠、池沼和一切水塘之上,水都要變成血;如此埃及全國,連木器石器中的水也都要變成血。」 19The Lord also said to Moses: Say to Aaron, Take thy rod, and stretch forth thy hand upon the waters of Egypt, and upon their rivers, and streams and pools, and all the ponds of waters, that they may be turned into blood: and let blood be in all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood and of stone.
20梅瑟和亞郎就照上主的吩咐作了:亞郎在法郎和他臣僕的面前,舉起棍杖一打河水,所有的河水都變成了血; 20And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord had commanded: and lifting up the rod he struck the water of the river before Pharao and his servants: and it was turned into blood.
21河中的魚都死了,河水都腥臭不堪,埃及人不能再喝河中的水;埃及遍地是血。 21And the fishes that were in the river died: and the river corrupted, and the Egyptians could not drink the water of the river, and there was blood in all the land of Egypt.
22埃及的巫士用他們的巫術也行了同樣的事,因此法郎仍舊心硬,不肯聽信梅瑟和亞郎,正像上主所說的。 22And the magicians of the Egyptians with their enchantments did in like manner: and Pharao's heart was hardened, neither did he hear them, as the Lord had commanded.
23法郎轉身回到宮中,沒有把這事放在心上。 23And he turned himself away and went into his house, neither did he set his heart to it this time also.
24因為全埃及的人不能喝河中的水,便在河的附近掘水喝。 24And all the Egyptians dug round about the river for water to drink: for they could not drink of the water of the river.
25上主擊打河水後,滿了七天, 25And seven days were fully ended, after that the Lord struck the river.
26上主又對梅瑟說:「你去見法郎向他說:上主這樣說:你該放我的百姓走,好叫他們去崇拜我。 26
27你若拒絕不放,我要用蝦蟆打擊你的全境。 27
28河中要滋生蝦蟆,牠們要上來進入你的宮殿和臥室,爬上你的床榻,進入你臣僕和百姓的房屋,進入你的爐灶和摶麵盆。 28
29這些蝦蟆要爬到你、你百姓、你臣僕的身上。」 29



7:1
天主为叫法郎屈服,使梅瑟大显神能。亚郎作梅瑟的发言人,如同先知代天主发言一样。

7:8-13
埃及的术士使棍杖变成蛇,或出於巫术,或来自魔鬼,但无论如何,终必屈服於天主的权下。

7:14-19
7:14-12:41一段,是以史体记述埃及十大灾难;咏78:43-51; 105:28-36却以咏史诗歌颂天主的伟大作为;智16-18叁章以散文叙述了这段史事。天主降此十大灾难:一是为叫法郎承认以色列的天主是全能的;二是为确证梅瑟的使命。十大灾难中,虽然有的可以用当地的自然现象来解释,如河水变红,虾蟆繁多,但是冰雹、兽疫、蝗 在埃及却属罕见;并且按圣经的记载,十大灾难,始终是以梅瑟的发言为转移,这决不是一种自然现象。作者所用的「埃及全国」,虽有些渲染,但是事实却是具有历史价值的。

出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 8
1上主對梅瑟說:「你給亞郎說:將你手中的棍杖伸在河、溝渠和池沼之上,使蝦蟆上到埃及地上。」 1And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao, and thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.
2亞郎將手一伸在埃及的水上,蝦蟆就上來遮蓋了埃及地。 2But if thou wilt not let them go behold I will strike all thy coasts with frogs.
3而巫士也用巫術作了同樣的事,使蝦蟆上到了埃及地。 3And the river shall bring forth an abundance of frogs: which shall come up, and enter into thy house, and thy bedchamber, and upon thy bed, and in the houses of thy servants, and to thy people, and into thy ovens, and into the remains of thy meats;
4法郎召梅瑟和亞郎來說:「請你們祈求上主,使這些蝦蟆離開我和我的人民,我必放這百姓去祭獻天主。」 4And the frogs shall come in to thee and to thy people, and to all thy servants.
5梅瑟回答法郎說:「請給我指定,叫我幾時為你,為你的臣僕和你的人民祈求,使蝦蟆離開你和你的宮殿,而只留在河中!」 5And the Lord said to Moses: Say to Aaron, Stretch forth thy hand upon the streams and upon the rivers and the pools, and bring forth frogs upon the land of Egypt.
6法郎說:「明天。」梅瑟回答說:「就照你說的話作,為叫你知道,沒有誰能相似上主,我們的天主。 6And Aaron stretched forth his hand upon the waters of Egypt, and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt.
7蝦蟆必要離開你,你的宮殿,你的臣僕和你的人民,而只留在河中。」 7And the magicians also by their enchantments did in like manner, and the brought forth frogs upon all the land of Egypt.
8於是梅瑟和亞郎離開法郎走了。梅瑟遂呼求上主,除去加於法郎的蝦蟆。 8But Pharao called Moses and Aaron and said to them: Pray ye to the Lord to take away the frogs from me and from my people; and I will let the people go to sacrifice to the Lord.
9上主就照梅瑟所求的作了;在房屋、院庭和田地中的蝦蟆都死了。 9And Moses said to Pharao: Set me a time when I shall pray for thee, and for thy servants, and for thy people, that the frogs may be driven away from thee and from thy house, and from thy servants, and from thy people: and may remain only in the river.
10人把蝦蟆堆成堆,遍地發出腥臭。 10And he answered: Tomorrow. But he said: I will do according to thy word; that thou mayst know that there is none like to the Lord our God.
11法郎見災情減輕,又硬了心,不肯聽梅瑟和亞郎的話,正如上主所說的。 11And the frogs shall depart from thee, and from thy house, and from thy servants, and from thy people; and shall remain only in the river.
12上主又對梅瑟說:「你給亞郎說:伸你的棍杖擊打地上的塵土,塵土要在埃及全地變成蚊子。」 12And Moses and Aaron went forth from Pharao: and Moses cried to the Lord for the promise, which he had made to Pharao concerning the frogs.
13他們便照樣作了;亞郎伸手,用棍杖擊打地上塵土,蚊子就來到人和牲畜的身上。埃及全國的塵土都變成了蚊子。 13And the Lord did according to the word of Moses: and the frogs died out of the houses, and out of the villages, and out of the fields:
14巫士也想照樣用巫術產生蚊子,但沒有成功。蚊子仍留在人和牲畜的身上。 14And they gathered them together into immense heaps, and the land was corrupted.
15巫士向法郎說:「這是天主的手指。」但是法郎還是心硬,不肯聽從梅瑟和亞郎,正如上主所說的。 15And Pharao seeing that rest was given, hardened his own heart, and did not hear them, as the Lord had commanded.
16上主對梅瑟說:「明天早晨,法郎往水邊去的時候,你要去見他對他說:上主這樣說:放我的百姓去崇拜我罷! 16And the Lord said to Moses: Say to Aaron, Stretch forth thy rod, and strike the dust of the earth: and may there be sciniphs in all the land of Egypt.
17你若不放走我的百姓,看,我要叫狗蠅到你和你臣僕,以及你人民身上,進入你的宮殿,埃及人的房屋和他們所在的地方都要充滿狗蠅。 17And they did so. And Aaron stretched forth his hand, holding the rod: and he struck the dust of the earth, and there came sciniphs on men and on beasts: all the dust of the earth was turned into sciniphs through all the land of Egypt.
18那時,我要使我百姓所住的哥笙地例外,在那裡沒有狗蠅,為叫你知道,在地上只有我是上主。 18And the magicians with their enchantments practiced in like manner, to bring forth sciniphs, and they could not and there were sciniphs as well on men as on beasts.
19我要將我的百姓同你的百姓分開。明早必發生這奇事。」 19And the magicians said to Pharao This is the finger of God. And Pharao heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had commanded.
20上主就這樣行了:成群的狗蠅進了法郎的宮殿和他臣僕的房屋,埃及全境的土地都為狗蠅毀壞。 20The Lord also said to Moses: Arise early, and stand before Pharao: for he will go forth to the waters: and thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.
21法郎又召梅瑟和亞郎來說:「你們去,在此地祭獻你們的天主!」 21But if thou wilt not let them go, behold I will send in upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy houses all kind of flies: and the houses of the Egyptians shall be filled with flies of divers kinds, and the whole land wherein they shall be.
22梅瑟回答說:「決不能這樣行,因為我們給上主我們的天主所獻的祭物,是埃及人視為不可侵犯的。若是我們在埃及人前祭殺他們視為不可侵犯的東西,他們豈不用石頭打死我們? 22And I will make the land of Gessen wherein my people is, wonderful in that lay, so that flies shall not be there: and thou shalt know that I am the Lord in the midst of the earth.
23我們要走三天的路程,到曠野裡給上主我們的天主獻祭,全照他吩咐我們的。」 23And I will put a division between my people and thy people: tomorrow shall this sign be.
24法郎回答說:「我讓你們到曠野裡給上主你們的天主獻祭,但是不可走的太遠。也請你們為我祈禱。」 24And the Lord did so. And there came a very grievous swarm of flies into he houses of Pharao and of his servants, and into all the land of Egypt: and the land was corrupted by this kind of flies.
25梅瑟說:「我現在辭別你去祈求上主,明天狗蠅將會離開陛下,你的臣僕和你的人民,但希望陛下不再欺騙,不放百姓去給上主獻祭。」 25And Pharao called Moses and Aaron, and said to them: Go, and sacrifice to your God in this land.
26於是梅瑟離開法郎去祈求上主。 26And Moses said: It cannot be so: for we shall sacrifice the abominations of the Egyptians to the Lord our God: now if we kill those things which the Egyptians worship, in their presence, they will stone us.
27上主便照梅瑟祈求的行了,叫狗蠅離開法郎、他的臣僕和人民,一個也沒有留下。 27We will go three days' journey into the wilderness: and we will sacrifice to the Lord our God, as he hath commanded us.
28但是這一次法郎還是心硬,不肯放走百姓。 28And Pharao said: I will let you go to sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness: but go no farther: pray for me.
29 29And Moses said: I will go out from thee, and will pray to the Lord: and the flies shall depart from Pharao, and from his servants, and from his people tomorrow: but do not deceive any more, in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the Lord.
30 30So Moses went out from Pharao, and prayed to the Lord.
31 31And he did according to his word: and he took away the flies from Pharao, and from his servants, and from his people: there was not left so much as one.
32 32And Pharao's heart was hardened, so that neither this time would he let the people go.



8:1-11
河水 滥期间,虾蟆繁殖,原是自然现象;但梅瑟所显的奇迹却是成群的虾蟆,顷刻之间,说来就来;按法郎所限定的时间,转眼之间,说死就死:这决不是出於自然,而是出於天主,使法郎承认天主的全能,明认梅瑟是天主的信使。

8:12-15
尼罗河叁角洲,是产生蚊 最多之地,但这次的蚊子却是天主派遣来的。亚郎以杖击地,从土中即刻生出蚊子。埃及巫士们至此再不能施展他们的巫术,从此可以明白行神迹的能力是来自天主。「这是天主的手指」,即谓这是天主的作为。

8:22
牛羊等牲畜,埃及人视为圣兽,决不容许以色列人宰杀,祭献天主。

8:23-28
埃及地本来狗蝇繁多,而此次却是特别繁多,并且非常凶猛,使埃及地全受到毁坏(咏78:45;智16:9)。灾区是在埃及北部的哥笙地方,但受害的是埃及人,而以色列人却安然无恙。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 9
1上主對梅瑟說:「你去見法郎,向他說:上主希伯來人的天主這樣說:你應放走我的百姓,叫他們去崇拜我。 1And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao, and speak to him: Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.
2你若拒絕不放,仍然扣留他們, 2But if thou refuse, and withhold them still:
3看,上主的手必用一種嚴厲的瘟疫加在你田野間的一切牲畜:就是馬、驢、駱駝、牛、羊身上。 3Behold my hand shall be upon thy fields: and a very grievous murrain upon thy horses, and asses, and camels, and oxen, and sheep.
4上主要分清以色列子民的牲畜和埃及人的牲畜,凡是以色列子民的,一個也不死。 4And the Lord will make a wonderful difference between the possessions of Israel and the possessions of the Egyptians, that nothing at all shall die of those things that belong to the children of Israel.
5上主規定了時間說:明天上主要在此地實行這事。」 5And the Lord appointed a time, saying: Tomorrow will the Lord do this thing in the land.
6第二天上主便作了這事。埃及人的牲畜完全死了,但以色列子民的,一個也沒有死。 6The Lord therefore did this thing the next day: and all the beasts of the Egyptians died, but of the beasts of the children of Israel there died not one.
7法郎打發人去看,果然以色列子民的牲畜,連一個也沒有死。但是法郎仍然心硬,不肯放走百姓。 7And Pharao sent to see: and there was not any thing dead of that which Israel possessed. And Pharao's heart was hardened, and he did not let the people go.
8上主又對梅瑟和亞郎說:「你們滿手抓把爐灰,梅瑟要在法郎眼前向天揚起。 8And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron: Take to you handfuls of ashes out of the chimney, and let Moses sprinkle it in the air in the presence of Pharao.
9這灰要在埃及全國變成塵土,使全埃及國的人和牲畜身上生出紅疹和膿瘡。」 9And be there dust upon all the land of Egypt: for there shall be boils and swelling blains both in men and beasts in the whole land of Egypt.
10他們就取了爐灰站在法郎面前;梅瑟將灰向天揚起,人和牲畜身上便起了紅疹和膿瘡。 10And they took ashes out of the chimney, and stood before Pharao, and Moses sprinkled it in the air: and there came boils with swelling blains in men and beasts.
11巫士們因為生了瘡,不能站在梅瑟面前,因為巫士和一切埃及人身上都生了瘡。 11Neither could the magicians stand before Moses for the boils that were upon them, and in all the land of Egypt.
12上主使法郎心硬,法郎仍不肯聽梅瑟和亞郎的話,正如上主向梅瑟說過的。 12And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had spoken to Moses.
13上主對梅瑟說:「明天早晨你去見法郎,向他說:上主,希伯來人的天主這樣說:你要放走我的百姓,使他們去崇拜我。 13And the Lord said to Moses: Arise in the morning, and stand before Pharao, and thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord the God of the Hebrews: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.
14因為這一次我要使我的一切災禍降到你、你的臣僕和你的人民身上,為叫你知道全世界上沒有相似我的。 14For I will at this time send all my plagues upon thy heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people: that thou mayst know there is none like me in all the earth.
15現在如果我伸手用瘟疫打擊你和你的人民,你早已從地上消滅了。 15For now I will stretch out my hand to strike thee, and thy people with pestilence, and thou shalt perish from the earth.
16我所以保留你的原故,是為叫你看見我的能力,向全世界傳揚我的名。 16And therefore have I raised thee, that I may shew my power in thee, and my name may be spoken of throughout all the earth.
17你若仍然固執壓迫我的百姓,不放走他們, 17Dost thou yet hold back my people: and wilt thou not let them go?
18看我明天此時要降下可怕的冰雹,是埃及建國以來直到現在所未有過的。 18Behold I will cause it to rain tomorrow at this same hour, an exceeding great hail: such as hath not been in Egypt from the day that it was founded, until this present time.
19所以你快派人把你的牲畜和你田野間的一切,帶到安全地方,因為凡在田野間的人和牲畜而不聚到屋內的,冰雹必降在他們身上,將他們砸死。」 19Send therefore now presently, and gather together thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field: for men and beasts, and all things that shall be found abroad, and not gathered together out of the fields, which the hail shall fall upon, shall die.
20法郎的臣僕中凡害怕上主的話的,就叫自己的奴僕和牲畜逃避到家中; 20He that feared the word of the Lord among Pharao's servants, made his servants and his cattle flee into houses:
21那不把上主的話放在心上的,就將奴僕和牲畜捨在田野。 21But he that regarded not the word of the Lord, left his servants and his cattle in the fields:
22上主對梅瑟說:「向天伸開你的手,使冰雹降在埃及全國,降在人和牲畜身上,降在埃及國內田野間的植物上。」 22And the Lord said to Moses: Stretch forth thy hand towards heaven, that there may be hail in the whole land of Egypt, upon men, and upon beasts, and upon every herb of the field in the land of Egypt.
23梅瑟把他的棍杖向天一伸,上主便叫打雷,下雹,閃電打在地上。上主使冰雹降在埃及地時, 23And Moses stretched forth his rod towards heaven, and the Lord sent thunder and hail, and lightning running along the ground: and the Lord rained hail upon the land of Egypt.
24冰雹和冰雹中夾雜著不停的閃電,情形極其可怕,是全埃及國自從有人民以來所沒有過的。 24And the hail and fire mixed with it drove on together: and it was of so great bigness, as never before was seen in the whole land of Egypt since that nation was founded.
25冰雹把埃及全境,田野間所有的一切,連人和牲畜都打死了,打壞了田野間的一切蔬菜,打斷了郊野的一切樹木; 25And the hail destroyed through all the land of Egypt all things that were in the fields, both man and beast: and the hail smote every herb of the field, and it broke every tree of the country.
26只有以色列子民所居住的哥笙地沒有冰雹。 26Only in the land of Gessen, where the children of Israel were, the hail fell not.
27法郎打發人召梅瑟和亞郎來,對他們說:「這次我犯了罪,上主是正義的,我和我的人民都有罪過。 27And Pharao sent and called Moses and Aaron, saying to them: I have sinned this time also; the Lord is just: I and my people are wicked.
28請你們祈求上主!天主的雷和冰雹已夠受了;我決放走你們,你們不要再留在這裡。」 28Pray ye to the Lord, that the thunderings of God and the hail may cease: that I may let you go, and that you may stay here no longer.
29梅瑟回答他說:「我出城後,就向上主伸手,雷必會停止,冰雹也不再降下,為叫你知道,大地是屬於上主的。 29Moses said: As soon as I am gone out of the city, I will stretch forth my hands to the Lord, and the thunders shall cease, and the hail shall be no more: that thou mayst know that the earth is the Lord's.
30但是我知道,你和你的臣僕,仍不敬畏上主天主。」 30But I know that neither thou, nor thy servants do yet fear the Lord God.
31麻和大麥都被打壞,因為大麥已經吐穗,麻也開花, 31The flax therefore and the barley were hurt, because the barley was green, and the flax was now boiled:
32只是小麥和粗麥,因為長的遲些,沒有被打壞。 32But the wheat, and other winter corn were not hurt, because they were lateward.
33梅瑟離開法郎出了城,向上主伸手,雷和雹就停止了,雨也不往地上下了。 33And when Moses was gone from Pharao out of the city, he stretched forth his hands to the Lord: and the thunders and the hail ceased, neither did there drop any more rain upon the earth.
34法郎見雨、雹、雷都停止了,又再犯罪,他和他的臣僕又心硬了。 34And Pharao seeing that the rain and the hail, and the thunders were ceased, increased his sin.
35法郎更加心硬,不肯放走以色列子民,正如上主藉梅瑟所說的。 35And his heart was hardened, and the heart of his servants, and it was made exceeding hard: neither did he let the children of Israel go, as the Lord had commanded by the hand of Moses.



9:1-7
第五灾的特徵,是天主将同一地区的埃及人和以色列人分开,埃及人的牲畜受了害,而以色列人的,却安然无事。

9:8-12
疮疫之灾,是一种皮肤病。此灾并不严重,可能是日後的作者或编辑者为满十灾之数而加添的。

9:18-35
冰雹、蝗灾和黑暗之灾,都是从天而降。法郎已二次食言,拒绝放走以色列人。此次冰雹的破坏力,比以前的灾难更大,使法郎及其臣民恐惧不安(10:7)。虽然如此,法郎仍然背约失信。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 10
1上主對梅瑟說:「你去見法郎,因為我已使他和他臣僕心硬,要在他們中顯我的這些奇蹟, 1And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants: that I may work these my signs in him.
2好叫你將我怎樣戲弄了埃及人,在他們中行了什麼奇蹟,都講給你的子孫聽,使你們知道我是上主。」 2And thou mayest tell in the ears of thy sons, and of they grandsons, how often I have plagued the Egyptians, and wrought my signs amongst them: and you may know that I am the Lord:
3於是梅瑟和亞郎去見法郎說:「上主,希伯來人的天主這樣說:你不肯在我前低頭要到幾時呢?放走我的百姓去崇拜我罷! 3Therefore Moses and Aaron went in to Pharao, and said to him: Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews: How long refusest thou to submit to me? let my people go, to sacrifice to me.
4如果你再拒絕放走我的百姓,看,明天我要使蝗蟲進入你的境內。 4But if thou resist, and wilt not let them go, behold I will bring in tomorrow the locust into thy coasts:
5蝗蟲要遮蓋地面,甚至看不見地;蝗蟲要吃盡免於冰雹而給你們所留下的一切,也要吃盡田野間給你們生長的一切樹木。 5To cover the face of the earth that nothing thereof may appear, but that which the hail hath left may be eaten: for they shall feed upon all the trees that spring in the fields.
6你的宮殿,你的臣僕和所有埃及人的房屋都要充滿蝗蟲:這是你的祖宗和你祖宗的祖宗入世以來,直到今天所沒有見過的災禍。」梅瑟遂轉身離開法郎走了。 6And they shall fill thy houses, and the houses of thy servants, and of all the Egyptians: such a number as thy fathers have not seen, nor thy grandfathers, from the time they were first upon the earth, until this present day. And he turned himself away, and went forth from Pharao.
7法郎的臣僕們向法郎說:「這人陷害我們要到幾時呢?釋放這些人去崇拜上主他們的天主罷!埃及已經滅亡,你還不知道嗎?」 7And Pharao's servants said to him: How long shall we endure this scandal? let the men go to sacrifice to the Lord their God. Dost thou not see that Egypt is undone?
8梅瑟和亞郎被召到法郎那裡,法郎對他們說:「你們去崇拜上主你們的天主罷!但那要去的是些什麼人?」 8And they called back Moses and Aaron to Pharao: and he said to them: Go, sacrifice to the Lord your God: who are they that shall go?
9梅瑟回答說:「我們要帶領少年老年同去,要帶領兒女,牛羊同去,因為我們要過上主的節日。」 9Moses said: We will go with our young and old, with our sons and daughters, with our sheep and herds: for it is the solemnity of the Lord our God.
10法郎向他們說:「如果我放走你們和你們的孩子,就讓上主同你們在一起罷!顯然你們不懷好意! 10And Pharao answered: So be the Lord with you, as I shall let you and your children go: who can doubt but that you intend some great evil?
11絕對不成!只是你們的男子可以去崇拜上主,這原是你們所要求的。」隨後把他們從法郎前趕出去。 11It shall not be so: but go ye men only, and sacrifice to the Lord: for this yourselves also desired. And immediately they were cast out from Pharao's presence.
12上主對梅瑟說:「你回埃及地伸開你的手,使蝗蟲來到埃及地,吃盡冰雹從地上所餘剩的一切植物。」 12And the Lord said to Moses: Stretch forth thy hand upon the land of Egypt unto the locust, that it may come upon it, and devour every herb that is left after the hail.
13梅瑟向埃及地伸開他的棍杖,上主就使東風在地上颳了一整天一整夜,到了早晨,東風吹來了蝗蟲。 13And Moses stretched forth his rod upon the land of Egypt: and the Lord brought a burning wind all that day, and night: and when it was morning, the burning wind raised the locusts:
14蝗蟲到了埃及國,落在埃及全境,那樣多法,確是空前絕後。 14And they came up over the whole land of Egypt: and rested in all the coasts of the Egyptians innumerable, the like as had not been before that time, nor shall be hereafter.
15蝗蟲遮蓋了地面,大地變黑。蝗蟲吃盡了冰雹所剩下的一切植物和一切果實,這樣埃及全國無論是樹上或是田野間的植物上,沒有留下半點青葉。 15And they covered the whole face of the earth, wasting all things. And the grass of the earth was devoured, and what fruits soever were on the trees, which the hail had left: and there remained not any thing that was green on the trees, or in the herbs of the earth in all Egypt.
16法郎急速將梅瑟和亞郎召來,說:「我得罪了上主你們的天主,也得罪了你們。 16Wherefore Pharao in haste called Moses and Aaron, and said to them: I have sinned against the Lord your God, and against you.
17現今請你們寬赦我的罪罷!只這一次!求上主你們的天主,快叫這致命的災禍離開我。」 17But now forgive me my sin this time also, and pray to the Lord your God, that he take away from me this death.
18梅瑟從法郎那裡出來,祈求了上主。 18And Moses going forth from the presence of Pharao, prayed to the Lord.
19上主就換了強烈的西風,將蝗蟲捲去,投入紅海,在埃及四境沒有留下一個蝗蟲。 19And he made a very strong wind to blow from the west, and it took the locusts and cast them into the Red Sea: there remained not so much as one in all the coasts of Egypt.
20上主又使法郎心硬,他仍不肯放走以色列子民。 20And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, neither did he let the children of Israel go.
21上主對梅瑟說:「將你的手向天伸開,使黑暗降在埃及國。這黑暗似乎可以觸摸。」 21And the Lord said to Moses: Stretch out they hand towards heaven: and may there be darkness upon the land of Egypt, so thick that it may be felt.
22梅瑟向天伸開手,濃密的黑暗就降在埃及國,有三天之久。 22And Moses stretch forth his hand towards heaven: and there came horrible darkness in all the land of Egypt for three days.
23三天之內,人彼此不能看見,也不能離開自己的地方;但是以色列子民那邊,卻有光明照耀他們所住的地方。 23No man saw his brother, nor moved himself out of the place where he was: but wheresoever the children of Israel dwelt there was light.
24法郎召梅瑟和亞郎來說:「你們去崇拜上主罷!你們的孩子可與你們同去,只把牛羊留下!」 24And Pharao called Moses and Aaron, and said to them: Go sacrifice to the Lord: let your sheep only, and herds remain; let your children go with you.
25梅瑟回答說:「你本人應該給我們犧牲和全燔祭的祭品,叫我們獻於上主我們的天主。 25Moses said: Thou shalt give us also sacrifices and burnt offerings, to the Lord our God.
26我們的牲畜也都要跟我們同去,連一個蹄子也不留下,因為我們要用這些來崇拜上主我們的天主;並且未到那裡之前,我們還不知道要用什麼崇拜上主。」 26All the flocks shall go with us: there shall not a hoof remain of them: for they are necessary for the service of the Lord our God: especially as we know not what must be offered, till we come to the very place.
27上主又使法郎心硬,他仍不肯放走他們。 27And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, and he would not let them go.
28法郎對梅瑟說:「離開我去罷!你要小心,不要再見我面,因為你見我面的那一天,你必要死!」 28And Pharao said to Moses: Get thee from me, and beware thou see not my face any more: in what day soever thou shalt come in my sight, thou shalt die.
29梅瑟回答說:「就照你的話好了!我再不見你的面。」 29Moses answered: So shall it be as thou hast spoken, I will not see thy face any more.



10:1-20
田野间的草木,因冰雹的破坏所剩无几;法郎的臣仆亦看出这灾难是来自天主,故自动劝说法郎放走以色列人,但法郎仍执迷不悟,因此天主使蝗 於顷刻之间飞来,将冰雹未破坏的草木吃光(参阅岳1:6-12)。

10:21-29
黑暗或者是因暴风卷起了尘沙,遮蔽了天日。


出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 11
1上主對梅瑟說:「還有一種災禍,我要降在法郎和埃及人身上,以後他必要釋放你們離開此地;他釋放你們的時候,是驅逐你們離開此地。 1And the Lord said to Moses: Yet one plague more will I bring upon Pharao and Egypt, and after that he shall let you go and thrust you out.
2你要講給百姓聽,叫他們男女各向自己的鄰舍要求金銀之物。」 2Therefore thou shalt tell all the people that every man ask of his friend, and every woman of her neighbour, vessels of silver, and of gold.
3上主使百姓在埃及人前蒙恩,同時梅瑟在埃及國,在法郎的臣僕和百姓眼中,也成了偉大的人物。 3And the Lord will give favour to his people in the sight of the Egyptians. And Moses was a very great man in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharao's servants, and of all the people.
4梅瑟說:「上主這樣說:半夜時,我要走遍埃及。 4And he said: Thus said the Lord: At midnight I will enter into Egypt.
5凡埃及國,從坐寶座的法郎的長子,直到推磨的婢女的長子,以及牲畜的一切頭胎,都要死亡。 5And every firstborn in the land of the Egyptians shall die, from the firstborn of Pharao who sitteth on his throne, even to the first born of the handmaid that is at the mill, and all the firstborn of beasts.
6埃及全國要有大哀號,是從前沒有,以後也不會再有的哀號。 6And there shall be a great cry in all the land of Egypt, such as neither hath been before, nor shall be hereafter.
7至於以色列子民,連狗也不敢向他們和他們的牲畜吠叫,為叫你們知道,上主已將以色列子民和埃及人分開, 7But with all the children of Israel there shall not a dog make the least noise, from man even to beast: that you may know how wonderful a difference the Lord maketh between the Egyptians and Israel.
8以後你的這些臣僕全都要到我跟前,跪下哀求我說:你和那跟從你的百姓都去罷!然後我才離去。」梅瑟氣憤憤地離開法郎出去了。 8And all these thy servants shall come down to me, and shall worship me, saying: Go forth thou, and all the people that is under thee: after that we will go out.
9上主對梅瑟說:「法郎不聽從你們,使我的奇蹟在埃及國多起來。」 9And he went out from Pharao exceeding angry. But the Lord said to Moses: Pharao will not hear you, that many signs may be done in the land of Egypt.
10梅瑟和亞郎在法郎面前行了這些奇蹟;但是上主使法郎的心硬,仍不肯放以色列子民離開自己的國家。 10And Moses and Aaron did all the wonders that are written, before Pharao. And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, neither did he let the children of Israel go out of his land.



11:1-3
参阅3:21-22。埃及人无理的压迫和剥夺以色列人的一切所有,天主也让以色列子民剥夺他们。

11:4-10
本章与前章不甚连接,按考证家的意见,原来的次序是:天主预告梅瑟罚埃及的长子一夜死尽(11:1-3);将此可怕的事告知法郎(11:4-8a);法郎发怒,赶走梅瑟(10:28-29);梅瑟悻然离去(11:8-9),作者的观点(11:10)。10节「这些奇迹」,是指前九大灾难。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 12
1上主在埃及國訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt:
2「你們要以本月為你們的正月,為你們算是一年的首月。 2This month shall be to you the beginning of months: it shall be the first in the months of the year.
3你們應訓示以色列會眾,本月十日,他們每人照家族準備一隻羔羊,一家一隻。 3Speak ye to the whole assembly of the children of Israel, and say to them: On the tenth day of this month let every man take a lamb by their families and houses.
4若是小家庭,吃不了一隻,家長應和附近的鄰居按照人數共同預備,並照每人的飯量估計當吃的羔羊。 4But if the number be less than may suffice to eat the lamb, he shall take unto him his neighbour that joineth to his house, according to the number of souls which may be enough to eat the lamb.
5羔羊應是一歲無殘疾的公羊,要由綿羊或山羊中挑選。 5And it shall be a lamb without blemish, a male, of one year: according to which rite also you shall take a kid.
6把這羔羊留到本月十四日,在黃昏的時候,以色列全體會眾便將牠宰殺。 6And you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month: and the whole multitude of the children of Israel shall sacrifice it in the evening.
7各家都應取些血塗在吃羔羊的房屋的兩門框和門楣上。 7And they shall take of the blood thereof, and put it upon both the side posts, and on the upper door posts of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.
8在那一夜要吃肉;肉要用火烤了,同無酵餅及苦菜一起吃。 8And they shall eat the flesh that night roasted at the fire, and unleavened bread with wild lettuce.
9肉切不可吃生的或水煮的,只許吃火烤的。頭、腿和五臟都應吃盡。 9You shall not eat thereof any thing raw, nor boiled in water, but only roasted at the fire: you shall eat the head with the feet and entrails thereof.
10一點也不許留到早晨;若是早晨還有剩下的,都要用火燒掉。 10Neither shall there remain any thing of it until morning. If there be any thing left, you shall burn it with fire.
11你們應這樣吃:束著腰,腳上穿著鞋,手裡拿著棍杖,急速快吃:這是向上主守的逾越節。 11And thus you shall eat it: you shall gird your reins, and you shall have shoes on your feet, holding staves in your hands, and you shall eat in haste: for it is the Phase (that is the Passage) of the Lord.
12這一夜我要走遍埃及國,將埃及國一切首生,無論是人是牲畜都要殺死,對於埃及的眾神,我也要嚴加懲罰:我是上主。 12And I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and will kill every firstborn in the land of Egypt both man and beast: and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the Lord.
13這血在你們所住的房屋上,當作你們的記號:我打擊埃及國的時候,一見這血,就越過你們去,毀滅的災禍不落在你們身上。 13And the blood shall be unto you for a sign in the houses where you shall be: and I shall see the blood, and shall pass over you: and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I shall strike the land of Egypt.
14這一天將是你們的紀念日,要當作上主的節日來慶祝;你們要世世代代過這節日,作為永遠的法規。 14And this day shall be for a memorial to you: and you shall keep it a feast to the Lord in your generations with an everlasting observance.
15你們應一連七天吃無酵餅。第一天務要從你們家內將酵子除去,因為從第一天直到第七天,凡吃有酵之物的人,都應從以色列中剷除。 15Seven days shall you eat unleavened bread: in the first day there shall be no leaven in your houses: whosoever shall eat any thing leavened, from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall perish out of Israel.
16第一天和第七天應召開聖會;這兩天一切勞工都不可作,只准你們準備每人吃的東西。 16The first day shall be holy and solemn, and the seventh day shall be kept with the like solemnity: you shall do no work in them, except those things that belong to eating.
17你們應守無酵節,因為這一天我領你們的軍旅出離了埃及國,所以你們要世世代代守這一天,作為永遠的法規。 17And you shall observe the feast of the unleavened bread: for in this same day I will bring forth your army out of the land of Egypt, and you shall keep this day in your generations by a perpetual observance.
18從正月十四日晚起,到二十一日晚為止,你們應吃無酵餅。 18The first month, the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the same month in the evening.
19七天內,在你們的家內不准有酵子,因為凡吃了有酵之物的,不論他是外方人或是本地人,都應從以色列會眾內剷除。 19Seven days there shall not be found any leaven in your houses: he that shall eat leavened bread, his soul shall perish out of the assembly of Israel, whether he be a stranger or born in the land.
20任何有酵之物,不准你們吃;在你們所居住之處,都應吃無酵餅。」 20You shall not eat any thing leavened: in all your habitations you shall eat unleavened bread.
21梅瑟召集了以色列眾長老來,向他們說:「你們去為你們的家屬準備一隻羊,宰殺作逾越節羔羊。 21And Moses called all the ancients of the children of Israel, and said to them: Go take a lamb by your families, and sacrifice the Phase.
22拿一束牛膝草蘸在盆中血裡,用盆中的血,塗在門楣和兩旁的門框上;你們中誰也不准離開自己的房門,直到早晨。 22And dip a bunch of hyssop in the blood that is at the door, and sprinkle the transom of the door therewith, and both the door cheeks: let none of you go out of the door of his house till morning.
23因為上主要經過,擊殺埃及人;他一見門楣和兩門框上有血,就越過門口,不容毀滅者進你們的房屋。 23For the Lord will pass through striking the Egyptians: and when he shall see the blood on the transom, and on both the posts, he will pass over the door of the house, and not suffer the destroyer to come into your houses and to hurt you.
24你們應遵守這規定,作為你們子孫的永遠法規。 24Thou shalt keep this thing as a law for thee and thy children for ever.
25日後你們到了上主許給你們的地方,應守這禮。 25And when you have entered into the land which the Lord will give you as he hath promised, you shall observe these ceremonies.
26將來你們的子孫若問你們這禮有什麼意思, 26And when your children shall say to you: What is the meaning of this service?
27你們應回答說:這是獻於上主的逾越節祭:當上主擊殺埃及人的時候,越過了在埃及的以色列子民的房屋,救了我們各家。」於是百姓都屈膝朝拜。 27You shall say to them: It is the victim of the passage of the Lord, when he passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, striking the Egyptians, and saving our houses. And the people bowing themselves, adored.
28以色列子民就去奉行了。上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟和亞郎,他們就怎樣作了。 28And the children of Israel going forth did as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.
29那天半夜,上主擊殺了埃及所有的長子,從坐寶座的法郎的長子,直到坐監者的長子,以及一切頭胎牲畜。 29And it came to pass at midnight, the Lord slew every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharao, who sat on his throne, unto the firstborn of the captive woman that was in the prison, and all the firstborn of cattle.
30在這一夜,法郎,他所有的臣僕和全埃及人都起來;在埃及發生了大哀號,因為沒有一家不死人的。 30And Pharao arose in the night, and all his servants, and all Egypt: for there was not a house wherein there lay not one dead.
31夜間法郎召梅瑟和亞郎來說:「你們和以色列子民都起身離開我的百姓走罷!照你們所要求的,去崇拜上主罷! 31And Pharao calling Moses and Aaron, in the night, said: Arise and go forth from among my people, you and the children of Israel: go, sacrifice to the Lord as you say.
32也照你們所要求的,帶著你們的羊群牛群去罷!也為我求祝福。」 32Your sheep and herds take along with you, as you demanded, and departing, bless me.
33埃及人催迫這百姓趕快離開此地,因為他們說:「我們快要死盡!」 33And the Egyptians pressed the people to go forth out of the land speedily, saying: We shall all die.
34百姓便把沒有發酵的麵團和麵盆包在外衣內,背在肩上。 34The people therefore took dough before it was leavened: and tying it in their cloaks, put it on their shoulders.
35以色列子民也照梅瑟所吩咐的作了,向埃及人要求金銀之物和衣服。 35And the children of Israel did as Moses had commanded: and they asked of the Egyptians vessels of silver and gold, and very much raiment.
36上主使百姓在埃及人眼中蒙恩,給了他們所要求的;他們這樣劫奪了埃及人。 36And the Lord gave favour to the people in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them: and they stripped the Egyptians.
37以色列子民從辣默色斯起程向穌苛特進發。步行的男子約六十萬,家屬不算在內。 37And the children of Israel set forward from Ramesse to Socoth, being about six hundred thousand men on foot, beside children.
38同他們一起走的,還有很多外族人,也帶著自己的羊群、牛群和大批的牲畜。 38And a mixed multitude without number went up also with them, sheep and herds and beasts of divers kinds, exceeding many.
39他們把從埃及帶出來的未發酵的麵團烤成無酵餅,因為他們急迫離開埃及,不能耽擱,來不及準備行糧。 39And they baked the meal, which a little before they had brought out of Egypt, in dough: and they made earth cakes unleavened: for it could not be leavened, the Egyptians pressing them to depart, and not suffering them to make any stay: neither did they think of preparing any meat.
40以色列子民居留埃及共有四百三十年。 40And the abode of the children of Israel that they made in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.
41四百三十年屆滿的那一天,上主的軍旅離開了埃及。 41Which being expired, the same day all the army of the Lord went forth out of the land of Egypt.
42這一夜是上主領他們出離埃及所守的一夜,這一夜也是以色列子民世世代代向上主當守的一夜。 42This is the observable night of the Lord, when he brought them forth out of the land of Egypt: this night all the children of Israel must observe in their generations.
43上主向梅瑟和亞郎說:「有關逾越節祭餐的法規如下:任何外方人不准參加這祭餐。 43And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron: This is the service of the Phase: No foreigner shall eat of it.
44凡用錢買來的奴隸,受過割損禮後,方可參加。 44But every bought servant shall be circumcised, and so shall eat.
45旅客和傭工不得參加。 45The stranger and the hireling shall not eat thereof.
46應在同一間房屋內吃盡,不可將肉塊帶到屋外,也不可將骨頭折斷。 46In one house shall it be eaten, neither shall you carry forth of the flesh thereof out of the house, neither shall you break a bone thereof.
47以色列全會眾都應舉行此祭餐。 47All the assembly of the children of Israel shall keep it.
48若有同你在一起居住的外方人,願向上主舉行逾越節祭餐,他家所有的男子應受割損禮,然後才准前來舉行,如本地人一樣;但未受割損禮的人決不許參加。 48And if any stranger be willing to dwell among you, and to keep the Phase of the Lord, all his males shall first be circumcised, and then shall he celebrate it according to the manner: and he shall be as he that is born in the land: but if any man be uncircumcised, he shall not eat thereof.
49本地人和住在你們中間的外方人同屬一例。」 49The same law shall be to him that is born in the land, and to the proselyte that sojourneth with you.
50全以色列子民就都奉行了。上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟和亞郎,他們就怎樣作了。 50And all the children of Israel did as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.
51就在這一天,上主將以色列子民一隊一隊地領出了埃及。 51And the same day the Lord brought forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their companies.



12:1-11
首月即「阿彼布」,充军後改称为「尼散」。逾越节和无酵节原是两个最古的节日:前者本是牧人节,後者本是农人节。梅瑟以前侨居埃及的以色列人,既以放羊和务农为生,想必也过了这两个节日。梅瑟将这两个庆节与以色列子民出离埃及的重大史事,结合在一起,而定为一个庆节。由此而生出彼此相连的新意义:逾越节记念天主藉羔羊的血,「越过」以色列人的家,不但不加害,反而拯救了他们;无酵节记念以色列人迅速地出离了埃及。以色列人历代所举行的逾越节,在礼仪上虽屡有所增补,但过此节的意义,从未改变。古代犹太人传说默西亚将在逾越节夜里来救他的子民。这个传说使我们明白,为什麽这个庆节会变成爱国运动的节日,尤其成了一个含有预兆性的节期。这庆节的预兆,耶稣不但使之实现,而且还超过了所预兆的。日後宗徒们,尤其是圣保禄屡次比较旧约逾越节与新约逾越节的关系。参阅户9:6-13;申16:1-8;肋23:5 -8;伯前1:13-21;格前5:6-8;罗6:3-11;哥2:12;路22:16;玛26:29等。

12:15
「铲除」一词,指开除犯人的教籍或国籍,或褫夺公权或治以死罪。

12:23
「毁灭者」指执行惩罚的天使(参阅创19:1;撒下24:16;列下19:35;格前10:10;希11:28)。

12:29-30
29,30节两记述第十灾。这含有决定性的灾难,使法郎完全屈服。以前法郎残杀了希伯来人的许多婴儿,现在天主替他们报仇。

12:31-36
见3:21-22; 11:2;智10:17。

12:37
「六十万」,这个数字可能来自以希伯来字母的计数法,是将「以色列子民」一名的希伯来文字母读为数目字,再彼此加起来,以後用一千去乘,即得六十万叁千。实际上其时出离埃及的以色列人,不会超过叁万。

12:42
以色列人出离埃及那一夜,因为吃逾越的羔羊,又因为准备出走,没有睡觉。以色列人每年过此节日也守夜不寐。

12:43-51
天主只许以色列子民,而不许外人吃巴斯卦羔羊,因为以色列是天主特选,与天主缔结盟约的民族。而盟约的标记是割损礼;外人若想吃巴斯卦羔羊,必须先行割损礼。












出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 13
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「以色列子民中,無論是人是牲畜,凡是開胎首生的,都應祝聖於我,屬於我。」 2Sanctify unto me every firstborn that openeth the womb among the children of Israel, as well of men as of beasts: for they are all mine.
3梅瑟向百姓說:「你們應當記念從埃及,從為奴之家出來的這一天,因為上主在這一天用強有力的手臂,從那裡領出了你們,故此不可吃有酵的食物。 3And Moses said to the people: Remember this day in which you came forth out of Egypt, and out of the house of bondage, for with a strong hand hath the Lord brought you forth out of this place: that you eat no leavened bread.
4今天你們出來正在「阿彼布」月。 4This day you go forth in the month of new corn.
5幾時上主領你們進了客納罕人、赫特人、阿摩黎人、希威人和耶步斯人的地方,就是他向你的祖先起誓應許給你那流奶流蜜之地,你應在這一月舉行此禮: 5And when the Lord shall have brought thee into the land of the Chanaanite, and the Hethite, and the Amorrhite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite, which he swore to thy fathers that he would give thee, a land that floweth with milk and honey, thou shalt celebrate this manner of sacred rites in this month.
6七天之內應吃無酵餅,第七天是敬禮上主的節日。 6Seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be the solemnity of the Lord.
7七天之內吃無酵餅,在你面前不可有發酵之物,在你四境之內也不可見有酵母。 7Unleavened bread shall you eat seven days: there shall not be seen any thing leavened with thee, nor in all thy coasts.
8在那一天要告訴你們的兒子說:是因為上主在我出埃及時,為我所行的事。 8And thou shalt tell thy son in that day, saying: This is what the Lord did to me when I came forth out of Egypt.
9應把這事做你手上的記號,做你額上的記念,好使上主的法律常在你口中,因為上主用強有力的手臂,領你出了埃及。 9And it shall be as a sign in thy hand, and as a memorial before thy eyes: and that the law of the Lord be always in thy mouth, for with a strong hand the Lord hath brought thee out of the land of Egypt.
10所以你應年年按照定期遵守這規定。 10Thou shalt keep this observance at the set time from days to days.
11當上主照他起誓向你和你祖先所許的話,領你到了客納罕人的地方,將那地給了你之後, 11And when the Lord shall have brought thee into the land of the Chanaanite, as he swore to thee and thy fathers, and shall give it thee:
12你應將一切開胎首生者歸於上主;你牲畜中,凡開胎首生的牲畜,亦應歸於上主。 12Thou shalt set apart all that openeth the womb for the Lord, and all that is first brought forth of thy cattle: whatsoever thou shalt have of the male sex, thou shalt consecrate to the Lord.
13凡首生的驢,應用羊贖回;你若不贖回,應打斷牠的頸項。你的子孫中,凡是長子,你應贖回。 13The firstborn of an ass thou shalt change for a sheep: and if thou do not redeem it, thou shalt kill it. And every firstborn of men thou shalt redeem with a price.
14將來若你的兒子問你:這是什麼意思?你要回答他說:這是因為上主用強有力的手臂領我們出離了埃及,出離了為奴之家。 14And when thy son shall ask thee tomorrow, saying: What is this? thou shalt answer him: With a strong hand did the Lord bring us forth out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
15原來法郎頑固,不釋放我們,上主就把埃及國一切首生者,不拘是人或牲畜的首生者都殺了,為此我把一切首開母胎的雄性都祭獻於上主;但首生的男孩,我卻要贖回。 15For when Pharao was hardened, and would not let us go, the Lord slew every firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of man to the firstborn of beasts: therefore I sacrifice to the Lord all that openeth the womb of the male sex, and all the firstborn of my sons I redeem.
16應將這事作你手上的記號,作你額上的標誌,記念上主用強有力的手臂領我們出了埃及。」 16And it shall be as a sign in thy hand, and as a thing hung between thy eyes, for a remembrance: because the Lord hath brought us forth out of Egypt by a strong hand.
17法郎放走百姓以後,天主沒有領他們走培肋舍特地的近路,因為天主想:「怕百姓遇見戰爭而後悔,再回到埃及。」 17And when Pharao had sent out the people, the Lord led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines which is near: thinking lest perhaps they would repent, if they should see wars arise against them, and would return into Egypt.
18因此天主領百姓繞道,走向靠紅海的曠野。以色列子民都武裝著離開了埃及。 18But he led them about by the way of the desert, which is by the Red Sea: and the children of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.
19梅瑟也帶了若瑟的骨骸,因為若瑟曾叫以色列的兒子們起誓說:「天主必要眷顧你們,那時你們應把我的骨骸從此地帶回去。」 19And Moses took Joseph's bones with him: because he had adjured the children of Israel, saying: God shall visit you, carry out my bones from hence with you.
20他們從穌苛特起程前行,就在位於曠野邊緣的厄堂安了營。 20And marching from Socoth they encamped in Etham in the utmost coasts of the wilderness.
21上主在他們前面行,白天在雲柱裡給他們領路,夜間在火柱裡光照他們,為叫他們白天黑夜都能走路: 21And the Lord went before them to shew the way by day in a pillar of a cloud, and by night in a pillar of fire: that he might be the guide of their journey at both times.
22白天的雲柱,黑夜的火柱,總不離開百姓面前。 22There never failed the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, before the people.



13:1-10
天主藉梅瑟给以色列人所定的法规,是以叁个重要的史事为根据:一、第一个逾越节;二、天主显奇迹率领以色列子民出离埃及;叁、天主同以色列子民在西乃山缔结盟约。日後历代所增订的新法,也都以此叁史事为依据。

13:11-16
关於头胎牲畜的法律,参阅申15:19-20;户18:15-17;肋27:26-27;关於长子的法律,参阅出34:19-20;户3:45-46;创22。

13:17-19
以色列人出埃及,起初是沿大路前进,以後天主领他们离开大路走向旷野;法郎以为他们迷了路,乘机追赶,这正中了天主的计划,埃及军队全部被天主消灭,关於若瑟的遗骸,参阅创50:24。

13:20-22
关於以色列人的行程,参阅以色列人旷野行程图。火柱和云柱是保护以色列人的天主常亲临的证据。




出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 14
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你吩咐以色列子民轉回,在米革多耳及海之間的丕哈希洛特前,面對巴耳責豐安營,即在巴耳責豐之前,靠近海邊安營。 2Speak to the children of Israel: Let them turn and encamp over against Phihahiroth which is between Magdal and the sea over against Beelsephon: you shall encamp before it upon the sea.
3如此,法郎必然以為以色列子民在國境內迷了路,曠野困住了他們。 3And Pharao will say of the children of Israel: They are straitened in the land, the desert hath shut them in.
4我要使法郎心硬,在後追趕他們,這樣我將在法郎和他全軍身上,大顯神能,使埃及人知道我是上主。」以色列子民就照樣作了。 4And I shall harden his heart, and he will pursue you: and I shall be glorified in Pharao, and in all his army: and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord. And they did so.
5有人報告埃及王說:那百姓逃走了。法郎和他的臣僕對那百姓變了心,說:「我們放走以色列人,不再給我們服役,這是作的什麼事?」 5And it was told the king of the Egyptians that the people was fled: and the heart of Pharao and of his servants was changed with regard to the people, and they said: What meant we to do, that we let Israel go from serving us?
6法郎遂命人準備他的車,親自率領兵士, 6So he made ready his chariot, and took all his people with him.
7還帶了六百輛精良戰車和埃及所有的戰車,每輛車上都有戰士駕駛。 7And he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots that were in Egypt: and the captains of the whole army.
8上主使埃及王法郎心硬,在後追趕以色列子民;當以色列子民大膽前行的時候, 8And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao king of Egypt, and he pursued the children of Israel: but they were gone forth in a mighty hand.
9埃及人在後追趕他們,法郎所有的車馬、騎士和步兵就在靠近丕哈希洛特,巴耳責豐對面,以色列子民安營的地方趕上了。 9And when the Egyptians followed the steps of them who were gone before, they found them encamped at the sea side: all Pharao's horse and chariots, and the whole army were in Phihahiroth before Beelsephon.
10當法郎來近的時候,以色列子民舉目,看見埃及人趕來,都十分恐怖,向上主哀號, 10And when Pharao drew near, the children of Israel, lifting up their eyes, saw the Egyptians behind them: and they feared exceedingly, and cried to the Lord.
11也向梅瑟說:「你帶我們死在曠野裡,難道埃及沒有墳墓嗎?你為什麼這樣待我們,將我們從埃及領出來? 11And they said to Moses: Perhaps there were no graves in Egypt, therefore thou hast brought us to die in the wilderness: why wouldst thou do this, to lead us out of Egypt?
12我們在埃及不是對你說過這話:不要擾亂我們,我們甘願服侍埃及人,服侍埃及人比死在曠野裡還好呀!」 12Is not this the word that we spoke to thee in Egypt, saying: Depart from us that we may serve the Egyptians? for it was much better to serve them, than to die in the wilderness.
13梅瑟向百姓說:「你們不要害怕,站著別動,觀看上主今天給你們施的救恩,因為你們所見的埃及人,永遠再見不到了。 13And Moses said to the people: Fear not: stand and see the great wonders of the Lord, which he will do this day: for the Egyptians, whom you see now, you shall see no more for ever.
14上主必替你們作戰,你們應安靜等待。」 14The Lord will fight for you, and you shall hold your peace.
15上主向梅瑟說:「你為什麼向我哀號,吩咐以色列子民起營前行。 15And the Lord said to Moses: Why criest thou to me? Speak to the children of Israel to go forward.
16你舉起棍杖,把你的手伸到海上,分開海水,叫以色列子民在海中乾地上走過。 16But lift thou up thy rod, and stretch forth thy hand over the sea, and divide it: that the children of Israel may go through the midst of the sea on dry ground.
17你看,我要使埃及人的心硬,在後追趕以色列子民;這樣我好在法郎和他全軍,戰車和騎兵身上,大顯神能。 17And I will harden the heart of the Egyptians to pursue you: and I will be glorified in Pharao, and in all his host, and in his chariots, and in his horsemen.
18我向法郎,向他的戰車和騎兵大顯神能的時候,埃及人將會知道我是上主。」 18And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I shall be glorified in Pharao, and in his chariots and in his horsemen.
19在以色列大隊前面走的天主的使者,就轉到他們後面走,雲柱也從他們前面轉到他們後面停下, 19And the angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, removing, went behind them: and together with him the pillar of the cloud, leaving the forepart,
20即來到埃及軍營和以色列軍營中間;那一夜雲柱一面發黑,一面發光,這樣整夜軍隊彼此不能接近。 20Stood behind, between the Egyptians' camp and the camp of Israel: and it was a dark cloud, and enlightening the night, so that they could not come at one another all the night.
21梅瑟向海伸手,上主就用極強的東風,一夜之間把海水颳退,使海底成為乾地。水分開以後, 21And when Moses had stretched forth his hand over the sea, the Lord took it away by a strong and burning wind blowing all the night, and turned it into dry ground: and the water was divided.
22以色列子民便在海中乾地上走過,水在他們左右好像墻壁。 22And the children of Israel went in through the midst of the sea dried up: for the water was as a wall on their right hand and on their left.
23隨後埃及人也趕來,法郎所有的馬、戰車和騎兵,都跟著他們來到海中。 23And the Egyptians pursuing went in after them, and all Pharao's horses, his chariots and horsemen through the midst of the sea,
24到了晨時末更,上主在火柱和雲柱上,窺探埃及軍隊,使埃及的軍隊混亂。 24And now the morning watch was come, and behold the Lord looking upon the Egyptian army through the pillar of fire and of the cloud, slew their host.
25又使他們的車輪脫落,難以行走,以致埃及人說:「我們由以色列人前逃走罷!因為上主替他們作戰,攻擊埃及人。」 25And overthrew the wheels of the chariots, and they were carried into the deep. And the Egyptians said: Let us flee from Israel: for the Lord fighteth for them against us.
26上主對梅瑟說:「向海伸出你的手,使水回流到埃及人、他們的戰車和騎兵身上。」 26And the Lord said to Moses: Stretch forth they hand over the sea, that the waters may come again upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots and horsemen.
27到了天亮,梅瑟向海伸手,海水流回原處;埃及人迎著水逃跑的時候,上主將他們投入海中。 27And when Moses had stretched forth his hand towards the sea, it returned at the first break of day to the former place: and as the Egyptians were fleeing away, the waters came upon them, and the Lord shut them up in the middle of the waves.
28回流的水淹沒了法郎的戰車、騎兵和跟著以色列子民來到海中的法郎軍隊,一個人也沒有留下。 28And the waters returned, and covered the chariots and the horsemen of all the army of Pharao, who had come into the sea after them, neither did there so much as one of them remain.
29但是以色列子民在海中乾地上走過去,水在他們左右好像墻壁。 29But the children of Israel marched through the midst of the sea upon dry land, and the waters were to them as a wall on the right hand and on the left:
30這樣上主在那一天從埃及人手中拯救了以色列人。以色列人看見了埃及人的屍首浮在海邊上。 30And the Lord delivered Israel on that day out of the hands of the Egyptians.
31以色列人見上主向埃及人顯示的大能,百姓都敬畏上主,信了上主和他的僕人梅瑟。 31And they saw the Egyptians dead upon the sea shore, and the mighty hand that the Lord had used against them: and the people feared the Lord, and they believed the Lord, and Moses his servant.



14:15-31
过红海一事是天主为以色列人所行的最大奇迹,按圣保禄所说,这个神迹为圣洗圣事的预象(格前10:1-2)。

14:16-18
法郎先前曾说过:上主是谁,要我听他的命,而放走以色列人?我不认识上主(5:2),但现在法郎及其人马总该知道上主是全能的天主了。

14:24
使埃及军队混乱的原因,可能是当时天主使风起云涌,扰乱了埃及人的军队。参阅智19:7-12;咏77:17-19。



出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 15
1那時梅瑟和以色列子民唱了這篇詩歌,歌頌上主說:我要歌頌上主,因他獲得全勝,將馬和騎士投於海中。 1Then Moses and the children of Israel sung this canticle to the Lord: and said: Let us sing to the Lord: for he is gloriously magnified, the horse and the rider he hath thrown into the sea.
2上主是我的力量和保障,他作了我的救援。他是我的天主,我要頌揚他;是我祖先的天主,我要讚美他。 2The Lord is my strength and my praise, and he is become salvation to me: he is my God and I will glorify him: the God of my father, and I will exalt him.
3上主是戰士,名叫「雅威」。 3The Lord is as a man of war, Almighty is his name.
4法郎的戰車軍隊,他投於海中,使他的良將沉於紅海。 4Pharao's chariots and his army he hath cast into the sea: his chosen captains are drowned in the Red Sea.
5浪濤淹沒了他們,像大石沉入海底。 5The depths have covered them, they are sunk to the bottom like a stone.
6上主,你的右手大顯神能;上主,你的右手擊碎了敵人。 6Thy right hand, O Lord, is magnified in strength: thy right hand, O Lord, hath slain the enemy.
7以你無比的威嚴,毀滅了你的敵人;你發出的怒火,燒滅他們像燒麥稭。 7And in the multitude of they glory thou hast put down thy adversaries: thou hast sent thy wrath, which hath devoured them like stubble.
8你鼻孔一噴氣,大水聚集,浪濤直立如堤,深淵凝固於海心。 8And with the blast of thy anger the waters were gathered together: the flowing water stood, the depth were gathered together in the midst of the sea.
9仇人說:「我要追擊擒獲,分得獵物,才心滿意足;我要拔刀出鞘,親手斬滅。」 9The enemy said: I will pursue and overtake, I will divide the spoils, my soul shall have its fill: I will draw my sword, my hand shall slay them.
10但你一噓氣,海將他們覆沒,像鉛沉入深淵。 10Thy wind blew and the sea covered them: they sunk as lead in the mighty waters.
11上主,眾神誰可與你相比?誰能像你那樣,神聖尊威,光榮可畏,施行奇跡! 11Who is like to thee, among the strong, O Lord? who is like to thee, glorious in holiness, terrible and praiseworthy, doing wonders?
12你伸出右手,大地就吞了他們; 12Thou stretchedst forth thy hand, and the earth swallowed them.
13以你的慈愛,領出了你所救的百姓;憑你的能力,領他們進入了你的聖所。 13In thy mercy thou hast been a leader to the people which thou hast redeemed: and in thy strength thou hast carried them to thy holy habitation.
14外邦聽了,必驚慌戰慄,恐怖籠罩了培肋舍特居民; 14Nations rose up, and were angry: sorrows took hold on the inhabitants of Philisthiim.
15那時厄東的酋長驚惶失措,摩阿布的首領嚇得發抖,客納罕的居民膽戰心寒。 15Then were the princes of Edom troubled, trembling seized on the stout men of Moab: all the inhabitants of Chanaan became stiff.
16驚慌與恐怖降在他們身上;因你大能的手臂,他們像石塊僵立不動,直到你的百姓走過,上主!直到你所救贖的百姓走過。 16Let fear and dread fall upon them, in the greatness of thy arm: let them become unmoveable as a stone, until thy people, O Lord, pass by: until this thy people pass by, which thou hast possessed.
17上主,你引領他們,吾主,在你為物業的山上,在你為自己準備的住所,在你親手建立的聖所,培植了他們。 17Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of thy inheritance, in thy most firm habitation which thou hast made, O Lord; thy sanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands have established.
18上主為王,萬世無疆! 18The Lord shall reign for ever and ever.
19法郎的馬、戰車和騎兵一到海中,上主就使海水回流,淹沒了他們;以色列子民卻在海中乾地上走過。 19For Pharao went in on horseback with his chariots and horsemen into the sea: and the Lord brought back upon them the waters of the sea: but the children of Israel walked on dry ground in the midst thereof.
20此時亞郎的姊妹女先知米黎盎手中拿著鼓,眾婦女也都跟著她,拿著鼓舞蹈。 20So Mary the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand: and all the women went forth after her with timbrels and with dances:
21米黎盎應和他們說:「你們應歌頌上主,因他獲得全勝,將馬和騎士投入海中。」 21And she began the song to them, saying: Let us sing to the Lord, for he is gloriously magnified, the horse and his rider he hath thrown into the sea.
22以後梅瑟命以色列人由紅海起營,往叔爾曠野去;他們在曠野裡走了三天,沒有找到水。 22And Moses brought Israel from the Red Sea, and they went forth into the wilderness of Sur: and they marched three days through the wilderness, and found no water.
23隨後,到了瑪辣,但不能喝瑪辣的水,因為水苦;因此稱那地為瑪辣。 23And they came into Mara, and they could not drink the waters of Mara, because they were bitter: whereupon he gave a name also agreeable to the place, calling it Mara, that is, bitterness.
24那時百姓抱怨梅瑟說:「我們喝什麼呢?」 24And the people murmured against Moses, saying: What shall we drink?
25梅瑟遂呼號上主,上主便指給他一塊木頭;他把木頭扔在水裡,水就變成甜水。上主在那裡給百姓立定了法律和典章,也在那裡試探了他們。 25But he cried to the Lord, and he shewed him a tree, which when he had cast into the waters, they were turned into sweetness. There he appointed him ordinances, and judgments, and there he proved him,
26上主說:「你若誠心聽從上主你天主的話,行他眼中視為正義的事,服從他的命令,遵守他的一切法律,我決不把加於埃及人的災殃,加於你們,因為我是醫治你的上主。」 26Saying: If thou wilt hear the voice of the Lord thy God, and do what is right before him, and obey his commandments, and keep all his precepts, none of the evils that I laid upon Egypt, will I bring upon thee: for I am the Lord thy healer.
27以後他們到了厄林,那裡有十二股水泉,七十棵棕樹。他們便在那裡靠近水邊安了營。 27And the children of Israel came into Elim, where there were twelve fountains of water, and seventy palm trees: and they encamped by the waters.



15:1-18
1-18节是一篇凯旋歌:作者首先赞扬上主战胜了埃及军队(1-10节),後预言上主率领百姓进占福地,必获全胜(11-18节)。2节「保障」,是译自希腊本,原文作「歌咏」。

15:20-21
「米黎盎」即玛利亚的埃及名字,有「为天主所爱者」的意思。女子舞蹈歌唱,欢迎战士的习俗,参阅民5;11:34;撒上18:6-7。

15:25-26
投入水中的木头,将苦水变为甜水,确是一个奇迹,因为自古至今,尚未有发见有如此效能的木头。这也是一个象徵,因为教父每将这木头比作耶稣的木架,将世苦变为甘甜。上主在玛辣所立的法律和典章,此处未提。也许当时天主只要求选民要有绝对服从的精神(26节)。这些法律和典章日後可能与其他法律混合为一。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 16
1以色列子民全會眾從厄林起程,來到厄林和西乃之間的欣曠野,時在離埃及後第二月第十五日。 1And they set forward from Elim, and all the multitude of the children of Israel came into the desert of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai: the fifteenth day of the second month, after they came out of the land of Egypt.
2以色列子民全會眾在曠野裡都抱怨梅瑟和亞郎。 2And all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.
3以色列子民向他們說:「巴不得我們在埃及國坐在肉鍋旁,有食物吃飽的時候,死在上主的手中!你們領我們到這曠野裡來,是想叫這全會眾餓死啊!」 3And the children of Israel said to them: Would to God we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat over the flesh pots, and ate bread to the full. Why have you brought us into this desert, that you might destroy all the multitude with famine?
4上主向梅瑟說:「看,我要從天上給你們降下食物,百姓要每天出去收歛當日所需要的,為試探他們是否遵行我的法律。 4And the Lord said to Moses: Behold I will rain bread from heaven for you: let the people go forth, and gather what is sufficient for every day: that I may prove them whether they will walk in my law, or not.
5但到第六天,他們準備帶回來的食物要比每天多一倍。」 5But the sixth day let them provide for to bring in: and let it be double to that they were wont to gather every day.
6梅瑟和亞郎對全以色列子民說:「今晚你們要知道,是上主領你們出了埃及國; 6And Moses and Aaron said to the children of Israel: In the evening you shall know that the Lord hath brought you forth out of the land of Egypt:
7明早你們要看見上主的榮耀,因為你們抱怨上主的話,他已聽見了。我們算什麼?你們竟抱怨我們!」 7And in the morning you shall see the glory of the Lord: for he hath heard your murmuring against the Lord: but as for us, what are we, that you mutter against us?
8梅瑟又說:「晚上上主要給你們肉吃,早晨你們可以吃飽,因為上主聽見了你們抱怨他所說的怨言。我們算什麼?你們不是抱怨我們,而是抱怨上主。」 8And Moses said: In the evening the Lord will give you flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full: for he hath heard your murmurings, with which you have murmured against him, for what are we? your murmuring is not against us, but against the Lord.
9梅瑟向亞郎說:「你向以色列子民全會眾說:你們應走到上主前,因為他聽見了你們的怨言。」 9Moses also said to Aaron: Say to the whole congregation of the children of Israel: Come before the Lord: for he hath heard your murmuring.
10亞郎正向以色列子民全會眾說話的時候,他們轉面朝向曠野,看見上主的榮耀顯現在雲彩中。 10And when Aaron spoke to all the assembly of the children of Israel, they looked towards the wilderness: and behold the glory of the Lord appeared in a cloud.
11那時上主向梅瑟說: 11And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
12「我聽見了以色列子民的怨言。你給他們說:黃昏的時候你們要有肉吃,早晨要有食物吃飽,這樣你們就知道,我是上主,你們的天主。」 12I have heard the murmuring of the children of Israel: say to them: In the evening you shall eat flesh, and in the morning you shall have your fill of bread: and you shall know that I am the Lord your God.
13到了晚上,有鵪鶉飛來,遮蓋了營幕;到了早晨,營幕四周落了一層露水。 13So it came to pass in the evening, that quails coming up, covered the camp: and in the morning, a dew lay round about the camp.
14露水昇化之後,在曠野的地面上,留下稀薄的碎屑,稀薄得好像地上的霜。 14And when it had covered the face of the earth, it appeared in the wilderness small, and as it were beaten with a pestle, like unto the hoar frost on the ground.
15以色列子民一見,就彼此問說:「這是什麼?」原來他們不知道這是什麼。梅瑟告訴他們說:「這是上主賜給你們吃的食物。 15And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: Manhu! which signifieth: What is this! for they knew not what it was. And Moses said to them: This is the bread, which the Lord hath given you to eat.
16上主曾這樣吩咐說:你們應按每人的食量去收歛,按照你們帳幕的人數去拾取,每人一『曷默爾』。 16This is the word, that the Lord hath commanded: Let every one gather of it as much as is enough to eat: a gomor for every man, according to the number of your souls that dwell in a tent, so shall you take of it.
17以色列子民就照樣作了;收歛的時候,有的多,有的少, 17And the children of Israel did so: and they gathered, one more, another less.
18但他們用『曷默爾』衡量時,那多收的,也沒有剩餘;那少收的,也沒有缺少;各人正按他們的食量收歛了。 18And they measured by the measure of a gomor: neither had he more that had gathered more: nor did he find less that had provided less: but every one had gathered, according to what they were able to eat.
19梅瑟向他們說:「誰也不准將一些留到早晨。」 19And Moses said to them: Let no man leave thereof till the morning.
20但他們沒有聽梅瑟的話;有些人把一些留到早晨,但都被虫子咬爛,發生臭味;梅瑟遂向他們發怒。 20And they hearkened not to him, but some of them left until the morning, and it began to be full of worms, an it putrified, and Moses was angry with them.
21於是他們每天早晨按各人的食量去收歛;太陽一發熱,就融化了。 21Now every one of them gathered in the morning, as much as might suffice to eat: and after the sun grew hot, it melted.
22到了第六天他們收歛了兩倍的食物,每人二『曷默爾』;會眾的首領來向梅瑟報告此事。 22But on the sixth day they gathered twice as much, that is, two gomors every man: and all the rulers of the multitude came, and told Moses.
23梅瑟向他們說:「上主曾這樣吩咐說:明天是安息日,是祝聖於上主的安息聖日;你們要烤的,就烤罷!要煮的,就煮罷!凡吃了剩下的,應保留到次日。」 23And he said to them: This is what the Lord hath spoken: Tomorrow is the rest of the sabbath sanctified to the Lord. Whatsoever work is to be done, do it: and the meats that are to be dressed, dress them: and whatsoever shall remain, lay it up until the morning.
24他們就照梅瑟所吩咐的,把吃了剩下的,留到次日也沒有發臭,也沒有蟲咬。 24And they did so as Moses had commanded, and it did not putrify, neither was there worm found in it.
25梅瑟說道:「今天吃這些罷!因為今天是敬上主的安息日,今天在野外什麼也找不到。 25And Moses said: Eat it today, because it is the sabbath of the Lord: today it shall not be found in the field.
26六天你們可去收歛,但第七天是安息日,什麼也沒有。」 26Gather it six days: but on the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord, therefore it shall not be found.
27到了第七天,百姓中有人去收歛,但什麼也沒有找到。 27And the seventh day came: and some of the people going forth to gather, found none.
28上主向梅瑟說:「你們不守我的命令和我的法律要到何時呢? 28And the Lord said to Moses: How long will you refuse to keep my commandments, and my law?
29看上主給你們立了安息日,為此到第六天他給你們兩天的食物;到第七天各人都應留在家內,不准任何人離開自己的地方。」 29See that the Lord hath given you the sabbath, and for this reason on the sixth day he giveth you a double provision: let each man stay at home, and let none go forth out of his place the seventh day.
30這樣百姓在第七天守了安息日。 30And the people kept the sabbath on the seventh day.
31以色列家給這食物取名叫「瑪納」。它像胡荽的種子那樣白,滋味好似蜜餅。 31And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed white, and the taste thereof like to flour with honey.
32梅瑟說:「上主這樣吩咐說:裝滿一『曷默爾』瑪納,留給你們的後代子孫,為使他們能看到我領你們出離埃及國時,在曠野裡養活你們的食物。」 32And Moses said: This is the word, which the Lord hath commanded: Fill a gomor of it, and let it be kept unto generations to come hereafter, that they may know the bread, wherewith I fed you in the wilderness, when you were brought forth out of the land of Egypt.
33梅瑟向亞郎說:「拿一個罐子,裝滿一『曷默爾』瑪納,放在上主面前,留給你們的後代子孫。」 33And Moses said to Aaron: Take a vessel, and put manna into it, as much as a gomor can hold: and lay it up before the Lord to keep unto your generations,
34亞郎就照上主吩咐梅瑟的話,將瑪納放在約版前面,保留起來。 34As the Lord commanded Moses. And Aaron put it in the tabernacle to be kept.
35以色列子民吃瑪納四十年之久,直到進入有人居住的地方為止;他們吃瑪納,直到進入客納罕地的邊界。 35And the children of Israel ate manna forty years, till they came to a habitable land: with this meat were they fed, until they reached the borders of the land of Chanaan.
36一『曷默爾』是一『厄法』的十分之一。 36Now a gomor is the tenth part of an ephi.



16:1-36
天主在欣旷野开始降「玛纳」养活自己的百姓。本章是由二叁轶事写成,所述前後虽略有出入,但大体上说,「玛纳」的记载,确是显扬天主伟大作为的文件,而此伟大作为,已深深印在旧新两约的作者心中(参阅户11:7-9;申8:3-16;苏5:12;咏78:23-25; 105:40; 106:15;智16:20-21;格前10:3;希9:4;若6:26-60)。「玛纳」是圣体圣事的预象:「玛纳」是自天而降,养育以色列人的食粮,直至他们进入福地;耶稣圣体是自天而降,养育新约选民的神粮,直至他们进入天乡。

16:22-30
4-30节,为百姓制定遵守安息日的法律(参阅20:8; 23:12; 34:21)。「不准……离开自己的地方」,即谓不准出外工作。

16:33-34
建立会幕之前(户9:15-23),以色列人在旷野已有公共恭敬天主的地方。建有会幕之後,即将十诫的两块石版、约柜和「玛纳」,安置在会幕内。「放在约版前面」,原文作「放在证据面前」。

16:35
参阅苏5:10-12。


出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 17
1以色列子民全會眾按照上主的吩咐,由欣曠野起程,一站一站地前行,然後在勒非丁安了營。在那裡百姓沒有水喝, 1Then all the multitude of the children of Israel setting forward from the desert of Sin, by their mansions, according to the word of the Lord, encamped in Raphidim, where there was no water for the people to drink.
2因此百姓與梅瑟爭吵說:「給我們水喝罷!」梅瑟回答他們說:「你們為什麼與我爭吵,為什麼試探上主?」 2And they chode with Moses, and said: Give us water, that we may drink. And Moses answered them: Why chide you with me? Wherefore do you tempt the Lord?
3因百姓在那裡渴望水喝,就抱怨梅瑟說:「你為什麼從埃及領我們上來?難道要使我們,我們的子女和牲畜都渴死嗎?」 3So the people were thirsty there for want of water, and murmured against Moses, saying: Why didst thou make us go forth out of Egypt, to kill us and our children, and our beasts with thirst?
4梅瑟向上主呼號說:「我要怎樣對待這百姓呢?他們幾乎願用石頭砸死我!」 4And Moses cried to the Lord, saying: What shall I do to this people? Yet a little more and they will stone me.
5上主回答梅瑟說:「你到百姓面前去,帶上幾個以色列長老,手中拿著你擊打尼羅河的棍杖去! 5And the Lord said to Moses: Go before the people, and take with thee of the ancients of Israel: and take in thy hand the rod wherewith thou didst strike the river, and go.
6看,我要在你面前站在曷勒布那裡的磐石上,你擊打磐石,就有水流出來,給百姓喝。」梅瑟就在以色列的長老眼前照樣作了。 6Behold I will stand there before thee, upon the rock Horeb: and thou shalt strike the rock, and water shall come out of it that the people may drink. Moses did so before the ancients of Israel:
7他稱那地方為瑪撒和默黎巴,因為以色列子民在那裡爭吵過,並試探過上主說:「上主是否在我們中間?」 7And he called the name of that place Temptation, because the chiding of the children of Israel, and for that they tempted the Lord, saying: Is the Lord amongst us or not?
8那時有阿瑪肋克人,來在勒非丁同以色列人作戰。 8And Amalec came, and fought against Israel in Raphidim.
9梅瑟向若蘇厄說:「你給我們選拔壯丁,明天去同阿瑪肋克作戰,我手中拿著天主的棍杖,站在這高岡頂上。」 9And Moses said to Josue: Choose out men: and go out and fight against Amalec: tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill having the rod of God in my hand.
10若蘇厄就照梅瑟吩咐他的作了,去同阿瑪肋克作戰;同時梅瑟、亞郎和胡爾上了那高岡頂上。 10Josue did as Moses had spoken, and he fought against Amalec; but Moses, and Aaron, and Hur went up upon the top of the hill.
11當梅瑟舉手的時候,以色列就打勝仗;放下手的時候,阿瑪肋克就打勝仗。 11And when Moses lifted up his hands, Israel overcame: but if he let them down a little, Amalec overcame.
12終於梅瑟的手舉疲乏了。他們就搬了塊石頭來,放在他下邊,叫他坐下,亞郎和胡爾,一邊一個托著他的手:這樣他的手舉著不動,直到日落的時候。 12And Moses' hands were heavy: so they took a stone, and put under him, and he sat on it: and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands on both sides. And it came to pass that his hands were not weary until sunset.
13於是若蘇厄用刀劍打敗了阿瑪肋克和他的人民。 13And Josue put Amalec and his people to flight, by the edge of the sword.
14上主向梅瑟說:「將這事寫在書上作為記念,並訓示若蘇厄,我要從天下把阿瑪肋克的記念完全消滅。」 14And the Lord said to Moses: Write this for a memorial in a book, and deliver it to the ears of Josue: for I will destroy the memory of Amalec from under heaven.
15梅瑟築了一座祭壇,給它起名叫「雅威尼息」, 15And Moses built an altar: and called the name thereof, The Lord my exaltation, saying:
16說:「向上主的旌旗舉手,上主必世世代代與阿瑪肋克作戰。」 16Because the hand of the throne of the Lord, and the war of the Lord shall be against Amalec, from generation to generation.



17:6
「曷勒布」一词为後人所加。按当时以色列人尚未到达该山。参阅3:1 注释。

17:7
「玛撒」有「试探」,「默黎巴」有「争吵」的意思。参阅申6:16;咏95:8。

17:8
阿玛肋克是一极古的民族,住在西乃半岛北部(创14:7; 36:12;户24:20;申25:17-19)。这民族始终与以色列人为敌,所以天主决定将他们消灭(编上4:43;民3:13; 6:3; 7:12;撒上15; 27:8; 30:1)。

17:9
关於若苏厄,参阅若苏厄书以及户13:8-16;出24:13; 32:17;户27:15-23;申31:1-15,23;户34:17;德46:1-10。

17:11-12
梅瑟举手祈祷,按犹太和教会的经学家的解释,是指祈祷的功效。

17:15-16
「雅威尼息」一句,有「上主是我的旌旗」的意思。16节亦可译作:「阿玛肋克既向上主的宝座举手,上主势必世世代代与阿玛肋克作战」。

出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 18
1梅瑟的岳父,米德楊的司祭耶特洛,聽說天主為梅瑟和自己的百姓以色列所行的一切,聽說上主將以色列人領出了埃及, 1And when Jethro the priest of Madian, the kinsman of Moses, had heard all the things that God had done to Moses, and to Israel his people, and that the Lord had brought forth Israel out of Egypt,
2梅瑟的岳父耶特洛便帶回梅瑟送回去的妻子漆頗辣 2He took Sephora the wife of Moses whom he had sent back:
3和她的兩個兒子:──一個名叫革爾熊,因為梅瑟說:「我在外方作了旅客;」 3And her two sons, of whom one was called Gersam, his father saying: I have been a stranger in a foreign country.
4一個名叫厄里厄則爾,意謂:「我父親的天主是我的救援,救我脫離了法郎的刀劍。」── 4And the other Eliezer: For the God of my father, said he, is my helper, and hath delivered me from the sword of Pharao.
5梅瑟的岳父耶特洛同梅瑟的兒子和妻子來到了梅瑟那裡,來到曠野,靠近天主的山,梅瑟安營的地方, 5And Jethro the kinsman of Moses came with his sons and his wife, to Moses into the desert, where he was camped by the mountain of God.
6便叫人告訴梅瑟說:「看,你的岳父耶特洛來見你,你的妻子和兩個兒子也一同來了。」 6And he sent word to Moses, saying: I Jethro thy kinsman come to thee, and thy wife, and thy two sons with her.
7梅瑟就出來迎接他的岳父,向他下拜,口親他,彼此問安,隨後進了營幕。 7And he went out to meet his kinsman, and worshipped and kissed him: and they saluted one another with words of peace. And when he was come into the tent,
8梅瑟給他岳父講述了上主為以色列的原故,對法郎和埃及人所行的一切,以及路上遭遇的一切困難,上主怎樣拯救了他們。 8Moses told his kinsman all that the Lord had done to Pharao, and the Egyptians, in favour of Israel: and all the labour which had befallen them in the journey, and that the Lord had delivered them.
9耶特洛聽了上主賜給以色列的各種恩惠,從埃及人手中拯救了他們,很是高興。 9And Jethro rejoiced for all the good things that the Lord had done to Israel, because he had delivered them out of the hands of the Egyptians.
10耶特洛說:「上主應受讚頌,他從埃及人和法郎手中拯救了你們,由埃及人手中救出了這百姓。 10And he said: Blessed is the Lord, who hath delivered you out of the hand of Pharao, and out of the hand of the Egyptians, who hath delivered his people out of the hand of Egypt.
11現今我知道「雅威」是眾神中最大的,因為他由那些傲慢對待以色列人的埃及人手中,救出這百姓。」 11Now I know that the Lord is great above all gods: because they dealt proudly against them.
12梅瑟的岳父耶特洛向天主獻了全燔祭和犧牲,亞郎和以色列眾長老都來到天主前,同梅瑟的岳父聚餐。 12So Jethro the kinsman of Moses offered holocausts and sacrifices to God: and Aaron and all the ancients of Israel came, to eat bread with them before God.
13次日,梅瑟坐著審判百姓的案件,百姓從早晨到晚上站在梅瑟前。 13And the next day Moses sat, to judge the people, who stood by Moses from morning until night.
14梅瑟的岳父看見他對百姓所行的種種,就說:「你對百姓所作的是什麼事?為什麼你獨自一人管理,叫眾百姓從早晨到晚上站在你前?」 14And when his kinsman had seen all things that he did among the people, he said: What is it that thou dost among the people? Why sittest thou alone, and all the people wait from morning till night.
15梅瑟回答他岳父說:「因為百姓到我跟前詢問天主。 15And Moses answered him: The people come to me to seek the judgment of God.
16他們有訴訟的事,就來到我跟前,我便在兩造之間施行審判,講明天主的典章和法律。」 16And when any controversy falleth out among them, they come to me to judge between them, and to shew the precepts of God, and his laws.
17梅瑟的岳父對他說:「你這樣做不對。 17But he said: The thing thou dost is not good.
18這不但使你自己疲乏,而且也使你同你在一起的百姓疲勞不堪,因為這事超過你的力量,你獨自一人是不能勝任的。 18Thou are spent with foolish labour, both thou and this people that is with thee: the business is above thy strength, thou alone canst not bear it.
19現在你聽我的話,我給你出一個主意。願天主與你同在!你在天主前代表這個百姓,將他們的案件呈到天主前; 19But hear my words and counsels, and God shall be with thee. Be thou to the people in those things that pertain to God, to bring their words to him:
20也將典章和法律教訓他們,告訴他們應走的正路,應行的事項。 20And to shew the people the ceremonies and the manner of worshipping, and the way wherein they ought to walk, and the work that they ought to do.
21你要從百姓中挑選有才能,敬畏天主,忠實可靠,捨己無私的人,派他們作千夫長、百夫長、五十夫長、十夫長, 21And provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, in whom there is truth, and that hate avarice, and appoint of them rulers of thousands, and of hundreds, and of fifties, and of tens.
22叫他們隨時審斷百姓的案件。若有任何重大案件,呈交你處理;其餘一切小案件,可由他們自己處理;叫他們與你分擔,你就輕鬆多了。 22Who may judge the people at all times: and when any great matter soever shall fall out, let them refer it to thee, and let them judge the lesser matters only: that so it may be lighter for thee, the burden being shared out unto others.
23你若這樣作,──天主也這樣命你,──你就抵受得住,眾百姓也能平安,各歸其所。」 23If thou dost this, thou shalt fulfill the commandment of God, and shalt be able to bear his precepts: and all this people shall return to their places with peace.
24梅瑟聽從了他岳父的話,也都照他說的行了。 24And when Moses heard this, he did all things that he had suggested unto him.
25梅瑟從全以色列人中選拔了有才能的人,立他們作百姓的頭目,作千夫長、百夫長、五十夫長和十夫長, 25And choosing able men out of all Israel, he appointed them rulers of the people, rulers over thousands, and over hundreds, and over fifties, and over tens.
26叫他們隨時審斷百姓的案件;重大的案件,呈交梅瑟處理;一切小案件,由他們自己處理。 26And they judged the people at all times: and whatsoever was of greater difficulty they referred to him, and they judged the easier cases only.
27以後梅瑟送他岳父回了本地。 27And he let his kinsman depart: and he returned and went into his own country.



18:1-6
梅瑟的岳父,按2章18节和户10:29名叫勒乌耳,而3:1; 4:18则作耶特洛。可能耶特洛一名是勒乌耳的尊号;或者「父亲」在此即「祖父」,因希伯来文无区别;如此,勒乌耳即为耶特洛的父亲,而耶特洛则是漆颇辣的父亲。漆颇辣曾随梅瑟到了埃及(4:20-26),大约以後又被送回父家。

18:8-12
米德杨人耶特洛是亚巴郎的後裔(创25:2),虽也信仰真天主,但因世代久远,对天主的观念已不正确,现在听到天主所行的诸多奇迹,获得了正确的信仰。11节原文不明,译文稍有修订。「到天主前」(12节)即谓「到祭坛前」。

18:13-15
施行审判是在祭坛前,判官是代替天主判决案件(咏82)。

18:16
「天主的典章和法律」(16节),大概是指祖先传下来的不成文的法律。

18:17-27
耶特洛原是米德杨的司祭,他对梅瑟所提供的意见,大概是米德杨已有的制度。所谓梅瑟法律,尤其民法和刑法,是由多方面而来的:祖先的家法家规,埃及、美索不达米亚各古国的法典,和各邻邦各民族的习俗等。


出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 19
1以色列子民離開埃及國後,第三個月初一那一天,到了西乃曠野。 1In the third month of the departure of Israel out of the land of Egypt, on this day they came into the wilderness of Sinai:
2他們從勒非丁起程,來到西乃曠野,就在曠野中安了營;以色列人在那座山前安了營。 2For departing out of Raphidim, and coming to the desert of Sinai, they camped in the same place, and there Israel pitched their tents over against the mountain.
3梅瑟上到天主前,上主從山上召喚他說:「你要這樣告訴雅各伯家,訓示以色列子民說: 3And Moses went up to God: and the Lord called unto him from the mountain, and said: Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel:
4你們親自見了我怎樣對待了埃及人,怎樣好似鷹將你們背在翅膀上,將你們帶出來歸屬我。 4You have seen what I have done to the Egyptians, how I have carried you upon the wings of eagles, and have taken you to myself.
5現在你們若真聽我的話,遵守我的盟約,你們在萬民中將成為我的特殊產業。的確,普世全屬於我, 5If therefore you will hear my voice, and keep my covenant, you shall be my peculiar possession above all people: for all the earth is mine.
6但你們為我應成為司祭的國家,聖潔的國民。你應將這些話訓示以色列子民。」 6And you shall be to me a priestly kingdom, and a holy nation. Those are the words thou shalt speak to the children of Israel.
7梅瑟就去召集百姓的長老,將上主吩咐他的那一切話,都在他們前說明了。 7Moses came, and calling together the elders of the people, he declared all the words which the Lord had commanded.
8眾百姓一致回答說:「凡上主所吩咐的,我們全要作。」梅瑟遂將百姓的答覆轉達於上主。 8And all the people answered together: All that the Lord hath spoken, we will do. And when Moses had related the people's words to the Lord,
9上主向梅瑟說:「我要在濃雲中降到你前,叫百姓聽見我與你談話,使他們永遠信服你。」梅瑟遂向上主呈報了百姓的答覆。 9The Lord said to him: Lo, now will I come to thee in the darkness of a cloud, that the people may hear me speaking to thee, and may believe thee for ever. And Moses told the words of the people to the Lord.
10上主向梅瑟說:「你到百姓那裡,叫他們今天明天聖潔自己,洗淨自己的衣服。 10And he said to him: Go to the people, and sanctify them today, and tomorrow, and let them wash their garments.
11第三天都應準備妥當,因為第三天,上主要在百姓觀望之下降到西乃山上。 11And let them be ready against the third day: for on the third day the Lord will come down in the sight of all the people upon mount Sinai.
12你要給百姓在山周圍劃定界限說:應小心,不可上山,也不可觸摸山腳;凡觸摸那山的,應處死刑。 12And thou shalt appoint certain limits to the people round about, and thou shalt say to them: Take heed you go not up into the mount, and that ye touch not the borders thereof: every one that toucheth the mount dying he shall die.
13誰也不可用手觸摸那人,而應用石頭砸死或用箭射死;不論是獸是人,都不得生存;號角響起的時候,他們才可上山。」 13No hands shall touch him, but he shall be stoned to death, or shall be shot through with arrows: whether it be beast, or man, he shall not live. When the trumpet shall begin to sound, then let them go up into the mount.
14梅瑟下山來到百姓那裡,叫他們聖潔自己,洗淨自己的衣服。 14And Moses came down from the mount to the people, and sanctified them. And when they had washed their garments,
15他向百姓說:「到第三天應準備妥當,不可接近女人。」 15He said to them: Be ready against the third day, and come not near your wives.
16到了第三天早晨,山上雷電交作,濃雲密佈,角聲齊鳴,此時在營中的百姓都戰戰兢兢。 16And now the third day was come, and the morning appeared: and behold thunders began to be heard, and lightning to flash, and a very thick cloud to cover the mount, and the noise of the trumpet sounded exceeding loud, and the people that was in the camp, feared.
17梅瑟叫百姓從營中出來迎接天主,他們都站在山下。 17And when Moses had brought them forth to meet God from the place of the camp, they stood at the bottom of the mount.
18此時西乃全山冒煙,因為上主在火中降到山上;冒出的煙像火窯的煙,全山猛烈震動。 18And all mount Sinai was on a smoke: because the Lord was come down upon it in fire, and the smoke arose from it as out of a furnace: and all the mount was terrible.
19角聲越響越高;梅瑟遂開始說話,天主藉雷霆答覆他。 19And the sound of the trumpet grew by degrees louder and louder, and was drawn out to a greater length: Moses spoke, and God answered him.
20上主降到西乃山頂上,召梅瑟上到山頂;梅瑟就上去了。 20And the Lord came down upon mount Sinai, in the very top of the mount, and he called Moses unto the top thereof. And when he was gone up thither,
21上主向梅瑟說:「下去通告百姓:不可闖到上主面前觀看,免得許多人死亡。 21He said unto him: Go down, and charge the people: lest they should have a mind to pass the limits to see the Lord, and a very great multitude of them should perish.
22連那些接近上主的司祭們,也應聖潔自己,免得上主擊殺他們。」 22The priests also that come to the Lord, let them be sanctified, lest he strike them.
23梅瑟答覆上主說:「百姓不能上西乃山,因你自己曾通告我們說:要在山的四周劃定界限,也宣布這山是不可侵犯的。」 23And Moses said to the Lord: The people cannot come up to mount Sinai: for thou did charge, and command, saying: Set limits about the mount, and sanctify it.
24上主向他說:「下去,你同亞郎一起上來,但司祭和百姓不可闖到上主前,免得我擊殺他們。」 24And the Lord said to him: Go, get thee down: and thou shalt come up, thou and Aaron with thee: but let not the priests and the people pass the limits, nor come up to the Lord, lest he kill them.
25梅瑟便下到百姓那裡,通知了他們。 25And Moses went down to the people and told them all.



19:1-2
西乃山或曷勒布,又称为「天主的山」或「上主的山」,因为天主在此山上颁布了十诫,与选民缔结了盟约(3注一,申33:2;户10:33;咏68:17)。

19:6
「司祭的国家」一句,即谓有如司祭比百姓更接近天主,同样以色列人比其他民族更接近天主(依61:6;伯前2:5-9;默1:6)。
19:13
「触摸那人」即触摸前节内应处死刑的人。

19:16-18
「全山猛烈震动」一句,其他异文作:「全体百姓都震惊害怕」。关於16-18节,见申5:23;希12:18-21。天主在西乃山上的显现,成为日後先知和诗人描述「天主的日子」及「天主显圣」的例证(亚5:18-20;依5:19;索3:8-20;咏18:8-16; 68:2-4)。

19:20-25
教父和圣师多把天主在西乃山上的威严显现,和主耶稣在山上讲真福八端时的蔼然可亲,作一对比:前者指旧约的精神:严厉可畏;後者指新约的精神:宽仁慈惠。


出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 20
1天主訓示以下這一切話說: 1And the Lord spoke all these words:
2「我是上主你的天主,是我領你出了埃及地、奴隸之所。 2I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
3除我之外,你不可有別的神。 3Thou shalt not have strange gods before me.
4不可為你製造任何彷彿天上、或地上、或地下水中之物的雕像。 4Thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing, nor the likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or in the earth beneath, nor of those things that are in the waters under the earth.
5不可叩拜這些像,也不可敬奉,因為我,上主,你的天主是忌邪的天主;凡惱恨我的,我要追討他們的罪,從父親直到兒子,甚至三代四代的子孫。 5Thou shalt not adore them, nor serve them: I am the Lord thy God, mighty, jealous, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me:
6愛慕我和遵守我誡命的,我要對他們施仁慈,直到他們的千代子孫。 6And shewing mercy unto thousands to them that love me, and keep my commandments.
7凡不可妄呼上主你天主的名;因為凡妄呼他名的人,上主決不讓他們免受懲罰。 7Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain: for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that shall take the name of the Lord his God in vain.
8應記住安息日,守為聖日。 8Remember that thou keep holy the sabbath day.
9六天應該勞作,作你一切的事; 9Six days shalt thou labour, and shalt do all thy works.
10但第七天是為恭敬上主你的天主當守的安息日;你自己、連你的兒女、你的僕婢、你的牲口,以及在你中間居住的外方人,都不可作任何工作。 10But on the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: thou shalt do no work on it, thou nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy beast, nor the stranger that is within thy gates.
11因為上主在六天內造了天地、海洋和其中一切,但第七天休息了,因此上主祝福了安息日,也定為聖日。 11For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and the sea, and all things that are in them, and rested on the seventh day: therefore the Lord blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it.
12應孝敬你的父親和你的母親,好使你在上主你的天主賜給你的地方,延年益壽。 12Honour thy father and thy mother, that thou mayest be longlived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.
13不可殺人。 13Thou shalt not kill.
14不可姦淫。 14Thou shalt not commit adultery.
15不可偷盜。 15Thou shalt not steal.
16不可作假見證,害你的近人。 16Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
17不可貪你近人的房舍。不可貪戀你近人的妻子、僕人、婢女、牛驢及你近人的一切。 17Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house: neither shalt thou desire his wife, nor his servant, nor his handmaid, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is his.
18眾百姓看見打雷、打閃、吹角、冒煙的山,都戰兢害怕,遠遠站著, 18And all the people saw the voices and the flames, and the sound of the trumpet, and the mount smoking: and being terrified and struck with fear, they stood afar off,
19對梅瑟說:「你同我們說話罷!我們定要聽從,不要天主同我們說話,免得我們死亡。」 19Saying to Moses: Speak thou to us, and we will hear: let not the Lord speak to us, lest we die.
20梅瑟回答百姓說:「不要害怕!因為天主降臨是為試探你們,使你們在他面前常懷敬畏之情,不致犯罪。」 20And Moses said to the people: Fear not: for God is come to prove you, and that the dread of him might be in you, and you should not sin.
21百姓遠遠站著,梅瑟卻走近天主所在的濃雲中。 21And the people stood afar off. But Moses went to the dark cloud wherein God was.
22上主向梅瑟說:「你這樣訓示以色列子民說:你們親自見過我從天上同你們說了話。 22And the Lord said to Moses: Thus shalt thou say to the children of Israel: You have seen that I have spoken to you from heaven.
23為此,你們決不可製造金銀神像,同我放在一起;你們萬不可做。 23You shall not make gods of silver, nor shall you make to yourselves gods of gold.
24你應用土為我築一祭壇,在上面祭獻你的全燔祭與和平祭,以及你的牛羊;凡在我叫你稱頌我名的地方,我必到你那裡祝福你。 24You shall make an altar of earth unto me, and you shall offer upon it your holocausts and peace offerings, your sheep and oxen, in every place where the memory of my name shall be: I will come to thee, and will bless thee.
25你若用石頭為我築一祭壇,不可用打成方塊的石頭建築,因為在石頭上動用了你的刀鑿,就把石頭褻瀆了。 25And if thou make an altar of stone unto me, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones: for if thou lift up a tool upon it, it shall be defiled.
26你不可沿著台階登我的祭壇,免得暴露你的裸體。 26Thou shalt not go up by steps unto my altar, lest thy nakedness be discovered.



20:1
「这一切话」是指天主所要颁布的十诫或「十句话」(34:28)。十诫,是盟约的基本法律,所命所警戒的,全是属於宗教和伦理的事。为此,其效力和价值也是永恒普遍的,超乎时间和空间的。十诫是基於自然法则,但人的私欲和罪恶,很容易使这自然法则由人的良知上抹煞;因而天主隆重地颁布了十诫,令人遵守,好获得永生。众先知的活动和宣讲,皆以十诫为依据;耶稣以自己的权威不但确定了十诫,而且还使之圆满无缺(玛5:17-46; 15:3-6; 19:17-21等)。申5:6-21也记载了十诫,只是文词略有差异而已。

20:3
3节亦可译作:「不可将别的神与我列在一起」。按数位教父、犹太人、加耳文和誓反教派(路得教派除外),都将4节视为第二诫,但从圣奥斯定以後,天主教会和路得教派都将4-6节视作第一诫。

20:8-11
守安息日的法律是来自天主(创1:1-2:4),令人停止工作,去崇拜天主。按圣经的记载,安息日所禁止的工作是:耕种、收割(出34:21),收集玛纳(出16:26),烤煮(出16:23),生火(出35:3),打柴(户15:32),负重(耶17:21),榨酒(厄下13:15),作生意(亚8:5;厄下13:15)。

20:17
圣教会和路得教派将17节分做第九、第十诫。犹太人和其他誓反教派只将17节前句视为第十诫。

20:18-21
关於18-21节,参阅希12:18-21。

20:22-26
本段是建 祭坛的法律。应注意的是:百姓可以在天主特别显示德能的地方,建 祭坛,此法律日後已有所修正(申12:5-19;肋17:3-9)。













出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 21
1你要在眾人前立定這些法度: 1These are the judgments which thou shalt set before them.
2假使你買了一個希伯來人作奴僕,他只勞作六年,第七年應自由離去,無須贖金。 2If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years shall he serve thee: in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.
3他若單身而來,也應單身而去;他若娶了妻子來的,也應讓他的妻子與他同去。 3With what raiment he came in, with the like let him go out: if having a wife, his wife also shall go out with him.
4若主人給他娶了妻子,妻子也生了子女,妻子和子女都應歸於主人,他仍要單身離去。 4But if his master gave him a wife, and she hath borne sons and daughters: the woman and her children shall be her master's: but he himself shall go out with his raiment.
5若是那奴僕聲明說:我愛我的主人和我的妻子子女,我不願離去作自由人。 5And if the servant shall say: I love my master and my wife and children, I will not go out free:
6他的主人應領他到天主前,然後領他到門口或門框前,用錐子穿透他的耳朵,如此他可長久服事主人。 6His master shall bring him to the gods, and he shall be set to the door and the posts, and he shall bore his ear through with an awl: and he shall be his servant for ever.
7假使有人將女兒賣作婢女,她不可像男僕那樣離去。 7If any man sell his daughter to be a servant, she shall not go out as bondwomen are wont to go out.
8若主人已定她為自己的妻子,以後又厭惡了她,應許她贖身,但因主人對她失了信,不能把她賣給外方人民。 8If she displease the eyes of her master to whom she was delivered, he shall let her go: but he shall have no power to sell her to a foreign nation, if he despise her.
9若主人定了她作自己兒子的妻子,就應以待女兒的法律待她。 9But if he have betrothed her to his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.
10若主人為自己另娶了一個,對前妻的飲食、衣服與合歡之誼,不可減少。 10And if he take another wife for him, he shall provide her a marriage, and raiment, neither shall he refuse the price of her chastity.
11若對她不實行這三條,她可以離去,無須贖金或代價。 11If he do not these three things, she shall go out free without money.
12凡打人至死的,應受死刑。 12He that striketh a man with a will to kill him, shall be put to death.
13但若不是有意殺人,而是天主許他的手行的,我給你指定一個他可以逃避的地方。 13But he that did not lie in wait for him, but God delivered him into his hands: I will appoint thee a place to which he must flee.
14假使有人向人行兇,蓄意謀殺,應將他由我的祭壇前抓來處死。 14If a man kill his neighbour on set purpose and by lying in wait for him: thou shalt take him away from my altar, that he may die.
15凡打父親或母親的,應受死刑。 15He that striketh his father or mother, shall be put to death.
16凡拐帶人口的,無論已將人賣了,或者還在他手中,都應受死刑。 16He that shall steal a man, and sell him, being convicted of guilt, shall be put to death.
17凡咒罵父親或母親的,應受死刑。 17He that curseth his father, or mother, shall die the death.
18假使二人吵架,一人用石頭或鋤頭打了另一人,被打的人未死,卻應臥床休養, 18If men quarrel, and the one strike his neighbour with a stone or with his fist, and he die not, but keepeth his bed:
19他以後若能起床,能扶杖出外,打他的人,可免處分,但應賠償他失業的損失,把他完全醫好。 19If he rise again and walk abroad upon his staff, he that struck him shall be quit, yet so that he make restitution for his work, and for his expenses upon the physicians.
20假使有人用棍杖打奴僕或婢女,被打死在他手中,必受嚴罰。 20He that striketh his bondman or bondwoman with a rod, and they die under his hands, shall be guilty of the crime.
21但若奴婢還活了一兩天,便不受處分,因為是他用銀錢買來的。 21But if the party remain alive a day or two, he shall not be subject to the punishment, because it is his money.
22假使人們打架,撞傷了孕婦,以致流產,但沒有別的損害,傷人者為這罪應按女人的丈夫所提出的,判官所斷定的,繳納罰款。 22If men quarrel, and one strike a woman with child, and she miscarry indeed, but live herself: he shall be answerable for so much damage as the woman's husband shall require, and as arbiters shall award.
23若有損害,就應以命償命, 23But if her death ensue thereupon, he shall render life for life.
24以眼還眼,以牙還牙,以手還手,以腳還腳, 24Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25以烙還烙,以傷還傷,以疤還疤。 25Burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.
26假使有人打壞奴僕或婢女的一隻眼睛,為了他的眼睛應讓他自由離去。 26If any man strike the eye of his manservant or maidservant, and leave them but one eye, he shall let them go free for the eye which he put out.
27若有人打掉奴僕或婢女的一隻牙,為了他的牙應讓他自由離去。 27Also if he strike out a tooth of his manservant or maidservant, he shall in like manner make them free.
28牛無論牴死男或女,應用石頭砸死這牛,並且不許吃牠的肉,牛主不受懲罰。 28If an ox gore a man or a woman, and they die, he shall be stoned: and his flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall be quit.
29但若這隻牛以前牴過人,牛主也受過警告,而仍不加防範,這牛無論牴死男女,牛應砸死,牛主也應受死刑。 29But if the ox was wont to push with his horn yesterday and the day before, and they warned his master, and he did not shut him up, and he shall kill a man or a woman: then the ox shall be stoned, an his owner also shall be put to death.
30若是給他提出了贖價,他應照所提出的一切數目繳納贖命罰金。 30And if they set a price upon him, he shall give for his life whatsoever is laid upon him.
31牛若牴死了男女兒童,也應照這法律處理。 31If he have gored a son, or a daughter, he shall fall under the like sentence.
32牛若牴死了一個奴僕或婢女,應給僕婢的主人三十銀『協刻耳』,牛應砸死。 32If he assault a bondman or a bond woman, he shall give thirty sicles of silver to their master, and the ox shall be stoned.
33假使有人敞著旱井,或挖掘旱井時,不加掩蓋,無論牛或驢陷在裡面, 33If a man open a pit, and dig one, and cover it not, and an ox or an ass fall into it,
34井主應賠償,應給牛主銀錢,死的牲畜歸自己。 34The owner of the pit shall pay the price of the beasts: and that which is dead shall be his own.
35假使一人的牛牴死別人的牛,應把活牛賣了,銀錢平分,死牛也平分。 35If one man's ox gore another man's ox, and he die: they shall sell the live ox, and shall divide the price, and the carcass of that which died they shall part between them:
36但若查明這隻牛從前牴死過牛,牛主又不加以防範,牛主應該賠償,以牛還牛,死牛歸自己。 36But if he knew that his ox was wont to push yesterday and the day before, and his master did not keep him in: he shall pay ox for ox, and shall take the whole carcass.
37假使有人偷了牛或羊,無論是宰了或是賣了,應用五頭牛賠償一頭牛,四隻羊賠償一隻羊。 37



21:6
「到天主前」,即言到判官前。由於判官是天主的代言人。「到门口或门框前」,可能是指帐幕门口,但亦可指家主门口(申15:17)。

21:7-11
有关婢女的法律和有关男仆的法律不同,因为婢女普通或作主人的妾侍,或作家主儿子的妻室(申21:10-14)。

21:13-14
除规定祭坛能做避难所外,又指定数城作避难所(户35:9-20;申19:1-13;苏20)。

21:18-27
18-27节是记载古代民族的「报复法」。此法律的产生,按圣经的记载,是为叫人尊重别人的性命(创9:5-6)。但日後此报复法为耶稣所废(玛5:38-42)。












出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 22
1竊賊若在挖窟窿時,被人逮住打死,打的人沒有流血的罪。 1If any man steal an ox or a sheep, and kill or sell it: he shall restore five oxen for one ox, and four sheep for one sheep.
2若太陽已出來,打的人就有流血的罪。竊賊必須償還。他若一無所有,應賣身還他所偷之物。 2If a thief be found breaking open a house or undermining it, and be wounded so as to die: he that slew him shall not be guilty of blood.
3所偷之物無論是牛或驢或羊,若在他手中被尋獲時還活著,應加倍償還。 3But if he did this when the sun is risen, he hath committed murder, and he shall die. If he have not wherewith to make restitution for the theft, he shall be sold.
4假使有人在田地和葡萄園放牲口,讓牲口到別人的田地去吃,應拿自己田地或園中最好的出產賠償。 4If that which he stole be found with him, alive, either ox, or ass, or sheep: he shall restore double.
5假使放火燒荊棘而燒了別人的麥捆或莊稼或田地,點火的人應賠償。 5If any man hurt a field or a vineyard, and put in his beast to feed upon that which is other men's: he shall restore the best of whatsoever he hath in his own field, or in his vineyard, according to the estimation of the damage.
6假使有人將銀錢或物品交人保存,而銀錢或物品從這人家中被偷去,若賊人被尋獲,應加倍賠償。 6If a fire breaking out light upon thorns, and catch stacks of corn, or corn standing in the fields, he that kindled the fire shall make good the loss.
7若尋不到賊人,家主應到天主前作證,自己沒有伸手拿原主之物。 7If a man deliver money, or any vessel unto his friend to keep, and they be stolen away from him that received them: if the thief be found he shall restore double:
8關於任何爭訟案件,不拘是對牛、驢、羊、衣服,或任何遺失之物,若一個說:這是我的。兩人的案件應呈到天主前;天主宣佈誰有罪,誰就應加倍賠償。 8If the thief be not known, the master of the house shall be brought to the gods, and shall swear that he did not lay his hand upon his neighbour's goods,
9假使有人將驢、牛、羊,或任何牲口託人看守,若有死亡或斷了腿,或被搶走,而又沒有人看見, 9To do any fraud, either in ox, or in ass, or sheep, or raiment, or any thing that may bring damage: the cause of both parties shall come to the gods: and if they give judgment, he shall restore double to his neighbour.
10應在上主前起誓定斷兩人的案件,證明看守者沒有動手害原主之物;原主若接受起的誓,看守者就不必賠償; 10If a man deliver ass, ox, sheep, or any beast, to his neighbour's custody, and it die, or be hurt, or be taken by enemies, and no man saw it:
11若是由他手中偷去,他應賠償原主; 11There shall be an oath between them, that he did not put forth his hand to his neighbour's goods: and the owner shall accept of the oath; and he shall not be compelled to make restitution.
12若被野獸撕裂了,他應帶回作證明,為撕裂之物就不必賠償。 12But if it were taken away by stealth, he shall make the loss good to the owner.
13假使有人借用人的牲口,牲口若斷了腿或死亡,而原主不在場,就應賠償。 13If it were eaten by a beast, let him bring to him that which was slain, and he shall not make restitution.
14若原主在場,就不必賠償;若是僱來的,已有僱金作賠償。 14If a man borrow of his neighbour any of these things, and it be hurt or die, the owner not being present, he shall be obliged to make restitution.
15假使有人引誘沒有訂婚的處女,而與她同睡,應出聘禮,聘她為妻。 15But if the owner be present, he shall not make restitution, especially if it were hired and came for the hire of his work.
16若她的父親堅決不肯將女兒嫁給他,他應付出和給處女作聘禮一樣多的銀錢。 16If a man seduce a virgin not yet espoused, and lie with her: he shall endow her, and have her to wife.
17女巫,你不應讓她活著。 17If the maid's father will not give her to him, he shall give money according to the dowry, which virgins are wont to receive.
18凡與走獸交合的,應受死刑。 18Wizards thou shalt not suffer to live.
19在唯一上主以外,又祭獻外神的,應被毀滅。 19Whosoever copulateth with a beast shall be put to death.
20對外僑,不要苛待和壓迫,因為你們在埃及也曾僑居過。 20He that sacrificeth to gods, shall be put to death, save only to the Lord.
21對任何寡婦和孤兒,不可苛待; 21Thou shalt not molest a stranger, nor afflict him: for yourselves also were strangers in the land of Egypt.
22若是苛待了一個,他若向我呼求,我必聽他的呼求, 22You shall not hurt a widow or an orphan.
23必要發怒,用刀殺死你們:這樣,你們的妻子也要成為寡婦,你們的兒子也要成為孤兒。 23If you hurt them they will cry out to me, and I will hear their cry:
24如果你借錢給我的一個百姓,即你中間的一個窮人,你對他不可像放債的人,向他取利。 24And my rage shall be enkindled, and I will strike you with the sword, and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.
25若是你拿了人的外氅作抵押,日落以前,應歸還他, 25If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor, that dwelleth with thee, thou shalt not be hard upon them as an extortioner, nor oppress them with usuries.
26因為這是他唯一的鋪蓋,是他蓋身的外氅;如果沒有它,他怎樣睡覺呢?他若向我呼號,我必俯聽,因為我是仁慈的。 26If thou take of thy neighbour a garment in pledge, thou shalt give it him again before sunset.
27不可咒罵天主,不可詛咒你百姓的首長。 27For that same is the only thing wherewith he is covered, the clothing of his body, neither hath he any other to sleep in: if he cry to me, I will hear him, because I am compassionate.
28不可遲延獻你豐收的五穀和初榨的油;你子孫中的長子,都應獻給我。 28Thou shalt not speak ill of the gods, and the prince of thy people thou shalt not curse.
29對於你牛羊的首生也應這樣行;七天同牠母親在一起,第八天應把牠獻給我。 29Thou shalt not delay to pay thy tithes and thy firstfruits: thou shalt give the firstborn of thy sons to me.
30你們為我應做聖善的人;田間被野獸撕裂的肉,不可以吃,應扔給狗吃。 30Thou shalt do the same with the firstborn of thy oxen also and sheep: seven days let it be with its dam, the eighth day thou shalt give it to me.
31 31You shall be holy men to me: the flesh that beasts have tasted of before, you shall not eat, but shall cast it to the dogs.



22:1-2
夜间不能辨明,打死盗贼的,没有死罪;但在白天打死的,视为杀人的罪。

22:8
「到天主前」,即谓到判官前,因判官以天主的名议宣布谁有罪(21:6)。

22:27
「不可咒骂天主」,「天主」二字在此亦指判官。






出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 23
1不可傳播謠言;不可與惡人攜手作假見證。 1Thou shalt not receive the voice of a lie: neither shalt thou join thy hand to bear false witness for a wicked person.
2不可隨從多數以附和惡事;在爭訟的事上,不可隨從多數說歪曲正義的話。 2Thou shalt not follow the multitude to do evil: neither shalt thou yield in judgment, to the opinion of the most part, to stray from the truth.
3在爭訟的事上,也不可偏袒弱小。 3Neither shalt thou favour a poor man in judgment.
4假使你遇見你仇人的牛或驢迷了路,應給他領回去。 4If thou meet thy enemy's ox or ass going astray, bring it back to him.
5假使你遇見你仇人的驢跌臥在重載下,不可棄而不顧,應幫助驢主卸下重載。 5If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lie underneath his burden, thou shalt not pass by, but shalt lift him up with him.
6你對窮人的訴訟,不可歪曲他的正義。 6Thou shalt not go aside in the poor man's judgment.
7作偽的案件,你應戒避。不可殺無辜和正義的人,因為我決不以惡人為義人。 7Thou shalt fly lying. The innocent and just person thou shalt not put to death: because I abhor the wicked.
8不可受賄賂,因為賄賂能使明眼人眼瞎,能顛倒正義者的言語。 8Neither shalt thou take bribes, which even blind the wise, and pervert the words of the just.
9不可壓迫外僑,因為你們在埃及國也作過外僑,明瞭在外作客的心情。 9Thou shalt not molest a stranger, for you know the hearts of strangers: for you also were strangers in the land of Egypt.
10你應種地六年之久,收穫地的出產; 10Six years thou shalt sow thy ground, and shalt gather the corn thereof.
11但第七年,你應讓地休息,把出產留給你百姓中的窮人吃;他們吃剩的,給野獸吃。對葡萄和橄欖園,也應這樣行。 11But the seventh year thou shalt let it alone, and suffer it to rest, that the poor of thy people may eat, and whatsoever shall be left, let the beasts of the field eat it: so shalt thou do with thy vineyard and thy oliveyard.
12六天內你應工作,第七天要停工,使你的牛驢休息,使你婢女的兒子和外僑都獲得喘息。 12Six days thou shalt work: the seventh day thou shalt cease, that thy ox and thy ass may rest: and the son of thy handmaid and the stranger may be refreshed.
13凡我吩咐你們的,都應遵守。你們不可提及外神的名字,決不可讓人由你口中聽到。 13Keep all things that I have said to you. And by the name of strange gods you shall not swear, neither shall it be heard out of your mouth.
14每年三次應為我舉行慶節。 14Three times every year you shall celebrate feasts to me.
15應遵守無酵節:照我所命的,在阿彼布月所定的日期,七天之久吃無酵餅,因為你在這個月離開了埃及。誰也不可空著手到我台前來。 15Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread. Seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee, in the time of the month of new corn, when thou didst come forth out of Egypt: thou shalt not appear empty before me.
16又應遵守收成節,即你在田地播種勞力之後,獻初熟之果的慶節。還應遵守收藏節,即在年尾,由田地中收歛你勞力所得的慶節。 16And the feast of the harvest of the firstfruits of thy work, whatsoever thou hast sown in the field. The feast also in the end of the year, when thou hast gathered in all thy corn out of the field.
17你所有的男子一年三次應到上主台前來。 17Thrice a year shall all thy males appear before the Lord thy God.
18不可同酵麵一起祭獻犧牲的血;不可把我節日的犧牲脂肪留到早晨。 18Thou shalt not sacrifice the blood of my victim upon leaven, neither shall the fat of my solemnity remain until the morning.
19你田中最上等的初熟之果,應獻到上主你天主的殿中;不可煮山羊羔在其母奶之中。 19Thou shalt carry the firstfruits of the corn of thy ground to the house of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not boil a kid in the milk of his dam.
20看我在你面前派遣我的使者,為在路上保護你,領你到我所準備的地方。 20Behold I will send my angel, who shall go before thee, and keep thee in thy journey, and bring thee into the place that I have prepared.
21在他面前應謹慎,聽他的話,不可違背他,不然他決不赦免你們的過犯,因為在他身上有我的名號。 21Take notice of him, and hear his voice, and do not think him one to be contemned: for he will not forgive when thou hast sinned, and my name is in him.
22如果你聽從他的話,作我所吩咐的一切,我要以你的仇人為仇,以你的敵人為敵。 22But if thou wilt hear his voice, and do all that I speak, I will be an enemy to thy enemies, and will afflict them that afflict thee.
23我的使者將走在你前,領你到阿摩黎人、赫特人、培黎齊人、客納罕人、希威人和耶步斯人那裡;我要消滅他們。 23And my angel shall go before thee, and shall bring thee in unto the Amorrhite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Chanaanite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite, whom I will destroy.
24他們的神像,你不可朝拜,也不可事奉,也不可作那些人所作的;反之,應徹底破壞那些神像,打碎他們的神柱。 24Thou shalt not adore their gods, nor serve them. Thou shalt not do their works, but shalt destroy them, and break their statues.
25你們事奉上主你們的天主,他必祝福你們的餅和水,使疾病遠離你們。 25And you shall serve the Lord your God, that I may bless your bread and your waters, and may take away sickness from the midst of thee.
26在你境內沒有流產和不育的婦女;我要滿你一生的壽數。 26There shall not be one fruitless nor barren in thy land: I will fill the number of thy days.
27我要在你前顯示我的威嚴;凡你所到之處,我要使那裡的百姓慌亂,使你的一切仇敵見你而逃。 27I will send my fear before thee, and will destroy all the people to whom thou shalt come: and will turn the backs of all thy enemies before thee.
28我要在你前打發黃蜂,將希威人、客納罕人和赫特人,由你面前趕走。 28Sending out hornets before, that shall drive away the Hevite, and the Chanaanite, and the Hethite, before thou come in.
29我不在一年之內將他們由你面前趕走,免得田地荒蕪,野獸多起來害你。 29I will not cast them out from thy face in one year: lest the land be brought into a wilderness, and the beasts multiply against thee.
30我要漸漸將他們由你面前趕走,一直到你繁殖增多起來,能佔領那地為止。 30By little and little I will drive them out from before thee, till thou be increased, and dost possess the land.
31我要劃定你的國界,由紅海直到培肋舍特海,從曠野直到大河;並將那地的居民交在你手中,你要將他們由你面前趕走, 31And I will set thy bounds from the Red Sea to the sea of the Palestines, and from the desert to the river: I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hands, and will drive them out from before you.
32決不可與他們和他們的神立約, 32Thou shalt not enter into league with them, nor with their gods.
33決不准他們住在你境內,免得引你得罪我,引你事奉他們的神:這為你是一種陷阱。」 33Let them not dwell in thy land, lest perhaps thy make thee sin against me, if thou serve their god: which undoubtedly will be a scandal to thee.



23:2
「多数」,或可译作「有权势的人」。

23:3
参阅肋19:15。有学者将此节稍加修订,而译作:「在争讼的事上,不可袒护有权势的人」。

23:8
「明眼人」是指在场眼见的证人。

23:10-11
关於安息年,参阅肋25:1-7。

23:12
关於安息日,见20:8-11;申5:12-15;出34:1-3;肋23:3; 26:2;户28:9-10;创1:1-2:4。

23:14-17
每年应举行的叁个庆节:即逾越节、五旬节和帐棚节(参阅出34:18-23;申16:1-16;肋23;户28-29)。梅瑟以後,直到公元前二世纪,以色列人尚制定了其他庆节,比如七月初一的大庆日,即国历大年初一(肋23:24),赎罪节(肋16; 23:27-33),普陵节(艾9:24),重建节(加上4:59)和尼加诺尔节(加上7:49)。

23:19
见34:26;申14:21。

23:23
「我的使者」,似乎是指奉天主的命护守以色列民族的天使。多俾亚传即是根据此段经意而写的。

23:24-33
24-33节可作约书(20-23章)的结论。约书是西乃盟约最古的引申详解。约书首先记载天主令以色列人应遵守的诫命,其次说明天主对忠守约书的人所施的赏报。以色列民族的盛衰,完全系於他们是否忠守约书。

23:31
「红海」此处指阿卡巴湾;「培肋舍特海」指地中海;「旷野」指阿剌伯旷野;「大河」指幼发拉的河。事实上,只有达味及撒罗满为王时,以色列人的势力才达到这些地方。
出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 24
1上主以後向梅瑟說:「你和亞郎、納達布、阿彼胡,以及以色列長老中的七十人到上主那裡;你們都在遠處跪下朝拜。 1And he said to Moses: Come up to the Lord, thou, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abiu, and seventy of the ancients of Israel, and you shall adore afar off.
2然後梅瑟一人要走近上主,別人不可走近;百姓也不准同他上山。」 2And Moses alone shall come up to the Lord, but they shall not come nigh; neither shall the people come up with him.
3梅瑟下來將上主的一切話和誡命講述給百姓聽,眾百姓都同聲回答說:「凡上主所吩咐的話,我們全要奉行。」 3So Moses came and told the people all the words of the Lord, and all the judgments: and all the people answered with one voice: We will do all the words of the Lord, which he hath spoken.
4梅瑟遂將上主的一切話記錄下來。第二天清早,梅瑟在山下立了一座祭壇,又按以色列十二支派立了十二根石柱, 4And Moses wrote all the words of the Lord: and rising in the morning he built an altar at the foot of the mount, and twelve titles according to the twelve tribes of Israel.
5又派了以色列子民的一些青年人去奉獻全燔祭,宰殺了牛犢作為獻給上主的和平祭。 5And he sent young men of the children of Israel, and they offered holocausts, and sacrificed pacific victims of calves to the Lord.
6梅瑟取了一半血,盛在盆中,取了另一半血,灑在祭壇上。 6Then Moses took half of the blood, and put it into bowls: and the rest he poured upon the altar.
7然後拿過約書來,念給百姓聽。以後百姓回答說:「凡上主所吩咐的話,我們必聽從奉行。」 7And taking the book of the covenant, he read it in the hearing of the people: and they said: All things that the Lord hath spoken we will do, we will be obedient.
8梅瑟遂拿血來灑在百姓身上說:「看,這是盟約的血,是上主本著這一切話同你們訂立的約。」 8And he took the blood and sprinkled it upon the people, and he said: This is the blood of the covenant which the Lord hath made with you concerning all these words.
9隨後梅瑟、亞郎、納達布、阿彼胡和以色列長老中的七十人上了山, 9Then Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abiu, and seventy of the ancients of Israel went up:
10看見了以色列的天主,看見在他腳下好像有一塊藍玉作的薄板,光亮似藍天。 10And they saw the God of Israel: and under his feet as it were a work of sapphire stone, and as the heaven, when clear.
11他們雖看見了天主,天主卻沒有下手害以色列的首領們,他們還能吃能喝。 11Neither did he lay his hand upon those of the children of Israel, that retired afar off, and they saw God, and they did eat and drink.
12以後上主向梅瑟說:「你上山到我台前,停留在那裡,我要將石版,即我為教訓百姓所寫的法律和誡命交給你。」 12And the Lord said to Moses: Come up to me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee tables of stone, and the law, and the commandments which I have written: that thou mayst teach them.
13梅瑟和他的侍從若蘇厄起身上天主的山時, 13Moses rose up, and his minister Josue: and Moses going up into the mount of God,
14梅瑟向長老們說:「你們在這裡等候我們回到你們這裡。你們有亞郎和胡爾同你們在一起。誰有爭訟的事,可到他們那裡去。」 14Said to the ancients: Wait ye here till we return to you. You have Aaron and Hur with you: if any question shall arise, you shall refer it to them.
15梅瑟上了山,雲彩就把山遮蓋了。 15And when Moses was gone up, a cloud covered the mount.
16上主的榮耀停在西乃山上,雲彩遮蓋著山共六天之久,第七天上主從雲彩中召叫了梅瑟。 16And the glory of the Lord dwelt upon Sinai, covering it with a cloud six days: and the seventh day he called him out of the midst of the cloud.
17上主的榮耀在以色列子民眼前,好像烈火出現在山頂上。 17And the sight of the glory of the Lord was like a burning fire upon the top of the mount, in the eyes of the children of Israel.
18梅瑟進入雲彩中,上了山;梅瑟在山上停留了四十天,四十夜。 18And Moses, entering into the midst of the cloud, went up into the mountain: and he was there forty days, and forty nights.



24:1-18
本章记述天主和以色列子民缔结盟约的仪式,梅瑟是这盟约的中人。3-4两节「天主的一切话」,指十诫和解释十诫的其他命令(21-23章)。

24:6
梅瑟把牺牲的血 在祭坛和人民身上,表示将天主和以色列人双方联合一起,藉藉全燔祭及和平祭,承认在西乃所缔结的盟约。根据西乃盟约,天主应许将福地赐予以色列人,而以色列人应许遵守天主的一切诫命,再者杀牲 血订立的盟约,是日後耶稣以自己的宝血订立新约的预像(耶31:31-34;匝9:11;玛26:28;希9:18-28)。

24:11
古代以色列人相信:人若看见天主,必死无疑。但此次他们的首领,不但未因看见天主而死(创16:13,14),反而还能参与祭餐(18:12;肋7:15)。

24:15-16
云彩表示天主的亲临;天主的荣耀,平常藉云彩发现於外(申5:19-21;出29:43; 40:34;肋9:6,23;户14:10; 16:19)。

出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 25
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你吩咐以色列子民,叫他們送給我獻儀。凡甘心樂捐的人,你們可以收下他們獻於我的獻儀。 2Speak to the children of Israel, that they bring firstfruits to me: of every man that offereth of his own accord, you shall take them.
3以下是你們要接收的獻儀:金銀銅, 3And these are the things you must take: gold, and silver, and brass,
4紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線,細麻和山羊毛, 4Violet and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine linen, and goats' hair,
5染紅的公羊皮、海豚皮和皂莢木, 5And rams' skins dyed red, and violet skins, and setim wood:
6燈油,為傅禮用的油和焚香的香料, 6Oil to make lights: spices for ointment, and for sweetsmelling incense:
7紅瑪瑙石和為鑲在『厄弗得』和胸牌上的各種寶石。 7Onyx stones, and precious stones to adorn the ephod and the rational.
8他們要為我建造一座聖所,好讓我住在他們中間。 8And they shall make me a sanctuary, and I will dwell in the midst of them:
9我現今指示你作帳棚和其中一切器皿的式樣,要完全按照式樣去製造。 9According to all the likeness of the tabernacle which I will shew thee, and of all the vessels for the service thereof: and thus you shall make it:
10應用皂莢木製造一個櫃,長二肘半,寬一肘半,高一肘半; 10Frame an ark of setim wood, the length whereof shall be of two cubits and a half: the breadth, a cubit and a half: the height, likewise, a cubit and a half.
11要內外全包上純金,上端周圍應鑲上金花邊。 11And thou shalt overlay it with the purest gold within and without: and over it thou shalt make a golden crown round about:
12鑄四個金環,安在櫃的腳上:這邊兩個,那邊兩個。 12And four golden rings, which thou shall put at the four corners of the ark: let two rings be on the one side, and two on the other.
13用皂莢木作兩根杠桿,包上金; 13Thou shalt make bars also of setim wood, and shalt overlay them with gold.
14將杠桿穿入櫃邊的環內,作抬櫃之用。 14And thou shalt put them in through the rings that are in the sides of the ark, that it may be carried on them.
15穿入櫃環內的杠桿,不可抽出。 15And they shall be always in the rings, neither shall they at any time be drawn out of them.
16將我要交給你的約版放在櫃內。 16And thou shalt put in the ark the testimony which I will give thee.
17用純金做贖罪蓋,長二肘半, 17Thou shalt make also a propitiatory of the purest gold: the length thereof shall be two cubits and a half, and the breadth a cubit and a half.
18寬一肘半。在贖罪蓋的兩端用鎚工造一對金革魯賓, 18Thou shalt make also two cherubims of beaten gold, on the two sides of the oracle.
19在這端做一個革魯賓,在那端做一個革魯賓,應使兩端的革魯賓與贖罪蓋連在一起。 19Let one cherub be on the one side, and the other on the other.
20革魯賓的翅膀應伸開遮住贖罪蓋;他們的臉彼此相對,面朝贖罪蓋。 20Let them cover both sides of the propitiatory, spreading their wings, and covering the oracle, and let them look one towards the other, their faces being turned towards the propitiatory wherewith the ark is to be covered.
21你把贖罪蓋安裝在約櫃上面,將我交給你的約版放在櫃內。 21In which thou shalt put the testimony that I will give thee.
22我要在那裡與你會晤,從贖罪蓋上,從約櫃上的兩革魯賓中間,將我命令以色列子民的一切事,都告訴給你。 22Thence will I give orders, and will speak to thee over the propitiatory, and from the midst of the two cherubims, which shall be upon the ark of the testimony, all things which I will command the children of Israel by thee.
23用皂莢木做一張供桌,長二肘,寬一肘,高一肘半, 23Thou shalt make a table also of setim wood, of two cubits in length, and a cubit in breadth, and a cubit and half in height.
24包上純金,周圍做上金花邊。 24And thou shalt overlay it with the purest gold: and thou shalt make to it a golden ledge round about.
25周圍做上一掌寬的框子,框子四周也做上金花邊。 25And to the ledge itself a polished crown, four inches high: and over the same another little golden crown.
26還要作四個金環,將這些金環安在桌四腳的角上。 26Thou shalt prepare also four golden rings, and shalt put them in the four corners of the same table over each foot.
27環子要靠近框子,為穿抬供桌的杠桿。 27Under the crown shall the golden rings be, that the bars may be put through them, and the table may be carried.
28用皂莢木做兩根杠桿,包上金,為抬供桌之用。 28The bars also themselves thou shalt make of setim wood, and shalt overlay them with gold to bear up the table.
29再製造供桌上的盤、碟、杯和奠祭用的爵,全用純金製造。 29Thou shalt prepare also dishes, and bowls, censers, and cups, wherein the libations are to be offered of the purest gold.
30要常常在供桌上,在我面前擺上供餅。 30And thou shalt set upon the table loaves of proposition in my sight always.
31用純金製造一座燈台,要用鎚工打成這燈台;燈台燈幹和花朵,即花托與花瓣,都應由燈台發出。 31Thou shalt make also a candlestick of beaten work of the finest gold, the shaft thereof, and the branches, the cups, and the bowls, and the lilies going forth from it.
32燈台兩面發出六叉:這面三叉,那面三叉。 32Six branches shall come out of the sides, three out of the one side, and three out of the other.
33在一叉上應有像杏花的三朵花,有花托和花瓣;在另一叉上應有像杏花的三朵花,有花托和花瓣;由燈台所發出的六叉都要這樣。 33Three cups as it were nuts to every branch, and a bowl withal, and a lily; and three cups, likewise of the fashion of nuts in the other branch, and a bowl withal, and a lily. Such shall be the work of the six branches, that are to come out from the shaft:
34在燈台台的直幹上應有像杏花的四個花朵,有花托和花瓣。 34And in the candlestick itself shall be four cups in the manner of a nut, and at every one, bowls and lilies.
35由燈幹發出的每兩叉之下,各有一個花朵;從燈幹發出的六個叉都應如此。 35Bowls under two branches in three places, which together make six coming forth out of one shaft.
36這些花朵和燈叉應由燈台發出,全用整塊純金鎚成。 36And both the bowls and the branches shall be of the same beaten work of the purest gold.
37燈台上應做七盞燈,把七盞燈放上,使光照耀燈台前面的空間。 37Thou shalt make also seven lamps, and shalt set them upon the candlestick, to give light over against.
38燈台的燈剪和碟子,應是純金的。 38The snuffers also and where the snuffings shall be put out, shall be made of the purest gold.
39為製造燈台和這些用具,應用一『塔冷通』純金。 39The whole weight of the candlestick with all the furniture thereof shall be a talent of the purest gold.
40要留神按照在山上指示給你的式樣去做。 40Look and make it according to the pattern, that was shewn thee in the mount.



25:1-9
25-31章记载旧约时代的礼仪和制造圣器所应守的规程。这些规程大半来自梅瑟,而少数为日後所增补;所增补的亦是按梅瑟的原意,和西乃盟约的精神(40节希8:5;宗7:44)。在此七章内,有些器物的名称,已不可考,很难译出恰当的名目。

25:16
约柜是天主亲临发现的地方(22节)。天主藉约柜保护以色列人进入客纳罕(撒下7:6)。耶路撒冷圣殿建成以後,约柜就放在里面(列上8:1-11)。16节的「约版」,原文作「证据」,是说版上刻的十诫,永远作为西乃盟约的证据。有关约柜的事迹,参阅苏3:3; 6:4;撒上4-6;撒下6;列上8:1-9等。

25:17-22
关於赎罪盖,见肋16:14,15;关於「革鲁宾」,见创3:24;撒上4:4;撒下6:2;咏80:2; 99:1。

25:23-30
供饼是常陈列在供桌上的十二个饼,每星期更换一次。旧的供饼,司祭应吃尽(肋24:5-9)。

25:31-40
灯台,按犹太经师的意见,表示法律的光明;圣教会以灯台指耶稣所讲的福音,是照耀世界的光明。



出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 26
1至於帳棚,應用十幅布幔做成;布幔用捻的細麻,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線織成,用繡工繡上革魯賓。 1And thou shalt make the tabernacle in this manner: Thou shalt make ten curtains of fine twisted linen, and violet and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, diversified with embroidery.
2每幅布幔長二十八肘,寬四肘;每幅布幔都是一樣的尺寸。 2The length of one curtain shall be twenty-eight cubits, the breadth shall be four cubits. All the curtains shall be of one measure.
3五幅布幔相連縫在一起,另五幅也相連縫在一起。 3Five curtains shall be joined one to another, and the other five shall be coupled together in like manner.
4在這一組布幔末幅的邊上,應做上紫色的鈕;另一組布幔末幅的邊上,也應這樣作。 4Thou shalt make loops of violet in the sides and tops of the curtains, that they may be joined one to another.
5在這一幅上應做五十個鈕,在另一組布幔末幅的邊上,也應做上五十個鈕,這些鈕彼此相對。 5Every curtain shall have fifty loops on both sides, so set on, that one loop may be against another loop, and one may be fitted to the other.
6又做五十個金鉤,用鉤子使兩組布幔彼此相連,成為一個帳棚。 6Thou shalt make also fifty rings of gold wherewith the veils of the curtains are to be joined, that it may be made one tabernacle.
7再用山羊毛做布幔,作帳棚頂之用;共做布幔十一幅。 7Thou shalt make also eleven curtains of goats' hair, to cover the top of the tabernacle.
8每幅長三十肘,寬四肘;十一幅布幔都是一樣尺寸。 8The length of one hair curtain shall be thirty cubits: and the breadth four: the measure of all the curtains shall be equal.
9五幅布幔縫在一起,另六幅也縫在一起,但第六幅應在棚頂前面疊起。 9Five of which thou shalt couple by themselves, and the six others thou shalt couple one to another, so as to double the sixth curtain in the front of the roof.
10在這一組布幔末幅的邊上,做上五十個鈕,在另一組布幔末幅的邊上,也做上五十個鈕, 10Thou shalt make also fifty loops in the edge of one curtain, that it may be joined with the other: and fifty loops in the edge of the other curtain, that it may be coupled with its fellow.
11再製五十個銅鉤穿入鈕內:這樣使棚頂連結在一起,成為一個。 11Thou shalt make also fifty buckles of brass, wherewith the loops may be joined, that of all there may be made one covering.
12至於棚頂布幔多出的那一部份,即餘下的半幅布幔,應垂在帳棚後邊。 12And that which shall remain of the curtains, that are prepared for the roof, to wit, one curtain that is over and above, with the half thereof thou shalt cover the back parts of the tabernacle.
13棚頂布幔的長度多出來的每邊一肘,應垂在帳棚的兩邊,好遮住帳棚。 13And there shall hang down a cubit on the one side, and another on the other side, which is over and above in the length of the curtains, fencing both sides of the tabernacle.
14再用染紅的公羊皮蒙在棚頂上,上邊再蒙上海豚皮。 14Thou shalt make also another cover to the roof, of rams' skins dyed red; and over that again another cover of violet coloured skins.
15應用皂莢木做支帳棚用的木板。 15Thou shalt make also the boards of the tabernacle standing upright of setim wood.
16每塊木板高十肘,寬一肘半。 16Let every one of them be ten cubits in length, and in breadth one cubit and a half.
17每塊木板下要做兩個筍頭,彼此並列;帳棚所有的木板,全都這樣做。 17In the sides of the boards shall be made two mortises, whereby one board may be joined to another board: and after this manner shall all the boards be prepared.
18支帳棚的木板,在向陽的一面,即南邊,應做二十塊木板; 18Of which twenty shall be in the south side southward.
19在二十塊木板下邊做四十個銀卯座,每塊木板下兩個卯座,為安木板的兩筍頭。 19For which thou shalt cast forty sockets of silver, that under every board may be put two sockets at the two corners.
20為帳棚的另一面,即北邊,也應做二十塊木板, 20In the second side also the tabernacle that looketh to the north, there shall be twenty boards,
21也做四十個銀卯座,每塊木板下兩個卯座。 21Having forty sockets of silver, two sockets shall be put under each board.
22為帳棚的後面,即西邊,要做六塊木板; 22But on the west side of the tabernacle thou shalt make six boards.
23在帳棚後面的兩角上,各做兩塊木板; 23And again other two which shall be erected in the corners at the back of the tabernacle.
24木板下端應是雙的,直到上端第一環,都應是雙的。兩塊木板都應這樣做,形成兩個角。 24And they shall be joined together from beneath unto the top, and one joint shall hold them all. The like joining shall be observed for the two boards also that are to be put in the corners.
25所以共有八塊木板,十六個銀卯座,每塊木板下兩個卯座。 25And they shall be in all eight boards, and their silver sockets sixteen, reckoning two sockets for each board.
26再用皂莢木做橫木:為帳棚這一面木板做五根, 26Thou shalt make also five bars of setim wood, to hold together the boards on one side of the tabernacle.
27為帳棚另一面木板,也做五根橫木;為帳棚後面,即西邊的木板,也做五根橫木。 27And five others on the other side, and as many at the west side:
28在木板中間的那根橫木,應從這頭穿到那頭。 28And they shall be put along by the midst of the boards from one end to the other.
29木板應包上金,穿橫木的環子應是金做的,橫木也包上金。 29The boards also themselves thou shalt overlay with gold, and shall cast rings of gold to be set upon them, for places for the bars to hold together boardwork: which bars thou shalt cover with plates of gold.
30應依照在山上指示給你的式樣,建造帳棚。 30And thou shalt rear up the tabernacle according to the pattern that was shewn thee in the mount.
31應用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻做帳幔,用繡工繡上革魯賓。 31Thou shalt make also a veil of violet and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen, wrought with embroidered work, and goodly variety:
32將帳幔掛在四根包金的皂莢木柱子上;柱釘應是金的,柱子應安在四個銀卯座上。 32And thou shalt hang it up before four pillars of setim wood, which themselves also shall be overlaid with gold, and shall have heads of gold, but sockets of silver.
33帳幔懸在鉤上;將約櫃抬到裡面即帳幔後面:這樣帳幔給你們隔成聖所和至聖所。 33And the veils shall be hanged on with rings, and within it thou shalt put the ark of the testimony, and the sanctuary, and the holy of holies shall be divided with it.
34將贖罪蓋安在至聖所內的約櫃上。 34And thou shalt set the propitiatory upon the ark of the testimony in the holy of holies.
35將供桌放在帳幔外邊;將燈台安置在帳棚的南邊,對著供桌,所以應把供桌放在北邊。 35And the table without the veil: and over against the table the candlestick in the south side of the tabernacle; for the table shall stand in the north side.
36再用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻,編織會幕的門簾。 36Thou shalt make also a hanging in the entrance of the tabernacle of violet and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen with embroidered work.
37為掛門簾應做五根皂莢木柱子,包上金,柱釘應是金的;為柱子再鑄五個銅卯座。 37And thou shalt overlay with gold five pillars of setim wood, before which the hanging shall be drawn: their heads shall be of gold, and the sockets of brass.



26:1-14
帐棚是梅瑟所定礼仪的中心,也是日後撒罗满圣殿的模型。帐棚分为圣所和至圣所:圣所内放有供饼桌,七叉灯台和香坛;至圣所内放有约柜。大司祭每年一次进入至圣所(肋16;希9:1-14;若2:19-22)。

26:15-37
虽然作者详细描写了帐棚的制造和一切应用的物品,但是有许多物品的译文,难以确定。如果将有关帐棚和撒罗满圣殿二者建造的描述,对照阅读,读者会明白的更清楚些。传说与耶稣同时代的犹太人斐罗,曾将帐棚和一切器物作了寓意的解说,他的解说给予教父,尤其希腊教父极大的影响。














出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 27
1應用皂莢木做一祭壇:長五肘,寬五肘,祭壇為方形,高三肘。 1Thou shalt make also an altar of setim wood, which shall be five cubits long and as many broad, that is, foursquare, and three cubits high.
2在祭壇四角上做四翹角,四翹角應由祭壇突出,祭壇要包上銅。 2And there shall be horns at the four corners of the same: and thou shalt cover it with brass.
3再做收灰的盆、鏟、盤、肉叉和火盆:這一切用具都應是銅做的。 3And thou shalt make for the uses thereof pans to receive the ashes, and tongs and fleshhooks, and firepans: all its vessels thou shalt make of brass.
4為祭壇要做一架銅格子,好像網的製法,在網的四角上安上四個銅環, 4And a grate of brass in manner of a net: at the four corners of which shall be four rings of brass,
5將網安在壇下方的圍腰下,直到祭壇半腰。 5Which thou shalt put under the hearth of the altar: and the grate shall be even to the midst of the altar.
6再為祭壇做兩根杠桿,杠桿是皂莢木的,包上銅。 6Thou shalt make also two bars for the altar of setim wood, which thou shalt cover with plates of brass:
7杠桿應穿在環子內;抬祭壇時,杠桿常在祭壇兩邊。 7And thou shalt draw them through rings, and they shall be on both sides of the altar to carry it.
8祭壇應用木板做成,中心是空的。在山上怎樣指示了給你,就怎樣去做。 8Thou shalt not make it solid, but empty and hollow in the inside, as it was shewn thee in the mount.
9應做帳棚的庭院:為向陽的一面,即南面,用捻的細麻做庭院的帷幔;這一面長一百肘。 9Thou shalt make also the court of the tabernacle, in the south side whereof southward there shall be hangings of fine twisted linen of a hundred cubits long for one side.
10柱子二十根,銅卯座二十個,柱鉤和橫棍是銀的。 10And twenty pillars with as many sockets of brass, the heads of which with their engraving of silver.
11為北面也是一樣:帷幔長一百肘,柱子二十根,銅卯座二十個,柱鉤和橫棍是銀的。 11In like manner also on the north side there shall be hangings of a hundred cubits long, twenty pillars, and as many sockets of brass, and their heads with their engraving of silver.
12庭院的西面,帷幔寬五十肘,柱子十根,卯座十個。 12But in the breadth of the court, that looketh to the west, there shall be hangings of fifty cubits, and ten pillars, and as many sockets.
13庭院的前面即東面,寬五十肘; 13In that breadth also of the court, which looketh to the east, there shall be fifty cubits.
14這一邊帷幔十五肘,柱子三根,卯座三個; 14In which there shall be for one side hangings of fifteen cubits, and three pillars and as many sockets.
15另一邊帷幔也十五肘,柱子三根,卯座三個。 15And in the other side there shall be hangings of fifteen cubits, with three pillars and as many sockets.
16庭院的大門:門簾寬二十肘,是用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻織成的:柱子四根,卯座四個。 16And in the entrance of the court there shall be made a hanging of twenty cubits of violet and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen, with embroidered work: it shall have four pillars with as many sockets.
17庭院所有的柱子,周圍用銀橫棍連貫起來;所有的鉤子是銀的,卯座是銅的。 17All the pillars of the court round about shall be garnished with plates of silver, silver heads and sockets of brass.
18庭院長一百肘,寬五十肘,高五肘;帷幔是細麻捻的,卯座是銅的。 18In length the court shall take up a hundred cubits, in breadth fifty, the height shall be of five cubits, and it shall be made of fine twisted linen, and shall have sockets of brass.
19帳棚內凡為敬禮用的一切器物,帳棚和庭院的一切橛子,都是銅的。 19All the vessels of the tabernacle for all uses and ceremonies, and the pins both of it, and of the court, thou shalt make of brass.
20你應吩咐以色列子民,叫他們把榨得的橄欖清油給你送來,為點燈用,好使燈時常點著。 20Command the children of Israel that they bring thee the purest oil of the olives, and beaten with a pestle: that a lamp may burn always,
21在會幕內,在約櫃前的帳幔外,亞郎和他的子孫應使這燈,由晚上到早晨,常在上主前點燃:這是以色列子民世世代代當守的常例。 21In the tabernacle of the testimony without the veil that hangs before the testimony. And Aaron and his sons shall order it, that it may give light before the Lord until the morning. It shall be a perpetual observance throughout their successions among the children of Israel.



27:1-2
祭坛四角,为以色列人是特别圣神的地方,可能是以牺牲的血 过的缘故(29:12; 30:10)。犯人如抱住祭坛的角,便可得救,获得赦免(列上1:50; 2:28)。

27:9
帐棚的庭院,日後也做了耶路撒冷圣殿的模型(列上6:38;则40;玛21:12;宗21:27-30)。

27:21
依照经文,灯只在夜间点燃,充军以後的犹太经师,由於灯表示天主法律的光,对於是否白昼也应点燃此灯的问题,意见不一。参阅25:31-40。














出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 28
1你應從以色列子民中叫你的哥哥亞郎同他的兒子們,即亞郎和他的兒子,納達布、阿彼胡、厄肋阿匝爾和依塔瑪爾,一起來到你前,立他們作我的司祭。 1Take unto thee also Aaron thy brother with his sons, from among the children of Israel, that they may minister to me in the priest's office: Aaron, Nadab, and Abiu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
2應給你的哥哥亞郎做聖衣,以示莊嚴美觀。 2And thou shalt make a holy vesture for Aaron thy brother for glory and for beauty.
3凡我使之具備藝術天才的藝術人員,你應吩咐他們為亞郎做服裝,祝聖他作我的司祭。 3And thou shalt speak to all the wise of heart, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they may make Aaron's vestments, in which he being consecrated may minister to me.
4他們應做的服裝如下:胸牌、厄弗得、無袖長袍、織成的長衣、禮冠和腰帶。他們為你的哥哥亞郎和他的兒子們做這些聖衣,叫他們作我的司祭。 4And these shall be the vestments that they shall make: A rational and an ephod, a tunick and a strait linen garment, a mitre and a girdle. They shall make the holy vestments for thy brother Aaron and his sons, that they may do the office of priesthood unto me.
5他們應用金線,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和細麻去做。 5And they shall take gold, and violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine linen.
6他們應用繡工以金線,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線,和捻的細麻做厄弗得。 6And they shall make the ephod of gold, and violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen, embroidered with divers colours.
7兩條肩帶應結連在厄弗得的兩端。 7It shall have the two edges joined in the top on both sides, that they may be closed together.
8將厄弗得束在身上用的帶子,也應像厄弗得一樣做法,與厄弗得連在一起,全是用金線、紫色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻做成的。 8The very workmanship also and all the variety of the work shall be of gold, and violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen.
9再取兩塊紅瑪瑙石,將以色列的兒子的名字刻在上面, 9And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and shalt grave on them the names of the children of Israel:
10六個名字刻在一塊寶石上,另六個名字刻在另一塊寶石上,全照他們出生的次序。 10Six names on one stone, and the other six on the other, according to the order of their birth.
11以玉工雕刻法,好似刻印章,把以色列的兒子們的名字刻在這兩塊寶石上,嵌在金框內。 11With the work of an engraver and the graving of a jeweller, thou shalt engrave them with the names of the children of Israel, set in gold and compassed about:
12再將這兩塊寶石,即以色列子民的紀念石,掛在厄弗得的肩帶上;亞郎要在上主前常在兩肩上帶著他們的名字,好獲得紀念。 12And thou shalt put them in both sides of the ephod, a memorial for the children of Israel. And Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord upon both shoulders, for a remembrance.
13要做兩個金框, 13Thou shalt make also hooks of gold.
14兩條純金的鏈子,要像做繩子一樣擰成,把這像繩子的金鏈結在框子上。 14And two little chains of the purest gold linked one to another, which thou shalt put into the hooks.
15應以繡工做判斷的胸牌,像做厄弗得,用金線,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻去做。 15And thou shalt make the rational of judgment with embroidered work of divers colours, according to the workmanship of the ephod, of gold, violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen.
16胸牌要方形,雙層,一拃長,一拃寬。 16It shall be foursquare and doubled: it shall be the measure of a span both in length and in breadth.
17將鑲嵌的寶石安裝在上面,排成四行:第一行:赤玉、青玉、翡翠; 17And thou shalt set in it four rows of stones: in the first row shall be a sardius stone, and a topaz, and an emerald:
18第二行:紫寶石、藍玉、金鋼石; 18In the second a carbuncle, a sapphire and a jasper.
19第三行:黃瑪瑙、白瑪瑙、紫晶; 19In the third a ligurius, an agate, and an amethyst:
20第四行:黃玉、紅瑪瑙、水蒼玉;這些寶石都嵌在金框內。 20In the fourth a chrysolite, an onyx, and a beryl. They shall be set in gold by their rows.
21按照以色列的兒子的名字,寶石應有十二塊,按刻印法,每塊刻一個名字,代表十二支派。 21And they shall have the names of the children of Israel: with twelve names shall they be engraved, each stone with the name of one according to the twelve tribes.
22為胸牌再做兩條純金鏈子,像繩子一樣擰成。 22And thou shalt make on the rational chains linked one to another of the purest gold:
23在胸牌上做兩個金環,將兩個金環安在胸牌的兩端, 23And two rings of gold, which thou shalt put in the two ends at the top of the rational.
24將那兩條金鏈結在胸牌兩端的環子上, 24And the golden chains thou shalt join to the rings, that are in the ends thereof:
25把兩條鏈子的另兩端,結在那掛在厄弗得的肩帶前面的兩個框子上。 25And the ends of the chains themselves thou shalt join together with two hooks on both sides of the ephod, which is towards the rational.
26再做兩個金環,安在胸牌的下兩端,靠近厄弗得的內邊緣上。 26Thou shalt make also two rings of gold which thou shalt put in the top parts of the rational, in the borders that are over against the ephod, and look towards the back parts thereof.
27再做兩個金環,安在厄弗得前面兩肩帶的下邊,靠近厄弗得帶子的上邊與肩帶相連結的地方。 27Moreover also other two rings of gold, which are to be set on each side of the ephod beneath, that looketh towards the nether joining, that the rational may be fitted with the ephod,
28用一根紫繩把胸牌的環子繫在厄弗得的環子上,使胸牌結在厄弗得的帶子上,免得胸牌在厄弗得上移動。 28And may be fastened by the rings thereof unto the rings of the ephod with a violet fillet, that the joining artificially wrought may continue, and the rational and the ephod may not be loosed one from the other.
29如此亞郎進聖所時,在他的胸前,在判斷的胸牌上帶著以色列兒子們的名字,為在上主前常獲得紀念。 29And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the rational of judgement upon his breast, when he shall enter into the sanctuary, a memorial before the Lord for ever.
30在決斷的胸牌內應放上烏陵和突明,幾時亞郎進到上主前常帶在亞郎胸前:如此亞郎在上主前時,胸前常帶著為以色列子民行決斷的工具。 30And thou shalt put in the rational of judgment doctrine and truth, which shall be on Aaron's breast, when he shall go in before the Lord: and he shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel on his breast, in the sight of the Lord always.
31再為厄弗得做一無袖長袍,應全是紫色毛線的。 31And thou shalt make the tunick of the ephod all of violet,
32中間留一領口,領口周圍叫織工做上邊,像戰袍的領口,免得破裂。 32In the midst whereof above shall be a hole for the head, and a border round about it woven, as is wont to be made in the outmost parts of garments, that it may not easily be broken.
33在長袍底邊周圍做上紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線石榴;在石榴中間,周圍再做上金鈴鐺: 33And beneath at the feet of the same tunick round about, thou shalt make as it were pomegranates, of violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, with little bells set between:
34如此在長袍底邊周圍,一個金鈴鐺,一個石榴;一個金鈴鐺,一個石榴。 34So that there shall be a golden bell and a pomegranate, and again another golden bell and a pomegranate.
35當亞郎穿著行禮時,能聽見他進聖所到上主前,或者出來的聲音,免得他死亡。 35And Aaron shall be vested with it in the office of his ministry, that the sound may be heard, when he goeth in and cometh out of the sanctuary, in the sight of the Lord, and that he may not die.
36應用純金製一個牌子,在上面像刻印章刻上「祝聖於上主」。 36Thou shalt make also a plate of the purest gold: wherein thou shalt grave with engraver's work, Holy to the Lord.
37用紫繩子將牌子繫在禮冠上,即繫在禮冠的前面。 37And thou shalt tie it with a violet fillet, and it shall be upon the mitre,
38那牌常在亞郎的額上,好叫亞郎擔當以色列子民祝聖各種聖物時,干犯聖物的罪過;那牌常在亞郎的額上,為使人民在上主前獲得悅納。 38Hanging over the forehead of the high priest. And Aaron shall bear the iniquities of those things, which the children of Israel have offered and sanctified, in all their gifts and offerings. And the plate shall be always on his forehead, that the Lord may be well pleased with them.
39應用細麻編製長衣,並用細麻做禮冠;腰帶應是編成的。 39And thou shalt gird the tunick with fine linen, and thou shalt make a fine linen mitre, and a girdle of embroidered work.
40也要為亞郎的兒子們做長衣、腰帶和頭巾,以示莊嚴美觀。 40Moreover for the sons of Aaron thou shalt prepare linen tunicks, and girdles and mitres for glory and beauty:
41你把這些服裝給你哥哥亞郎和他的兒子穿上;給他們傅油,授與聖職,祝聖他們作我的司祭。 41And with all these things thou shalt vest Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him. And thou shalt consecrate the hands of them all, and shalt sanctify them, that they may do the office of priesthood unto me.
42還應給他們用麻布做褲子,從腰部直到大腿,遮蓋他們的裸體。 42Thou shalt make also linen breeches, to cover the flesh of their nakedness from the reins to the thighs:
43當亞郎和他的兒子們進入會幕或走近祭台,在聖所內行禮時,要穿上褲子,免得招致懲罰死亡:這為亞郎和他的後代是永遠的規律。 43And Aaron and his sons shall use them when they shall go in to the tabernacle of the testimony, or when they approach the altar to minister in the sanctuary, lest being guilty of iniquity they die. It shall be a law for ever to Aaron, and to his seed after him.



28:6-14
「厄弗得」虽是仿照埃及司祭所佩戴的衣饰,但在以色列人的礼仪中,却含有一种新的意义。大司祭佩戴在身,要天主纪念他的选民。

28:30
「乌陵」和「突明」二词,意义不明。希腊本译作「启示」和「真理」。有的学者解作「光明」和「完美」,或「祝福」和「诅咒」。以色列人的首长遇有重大疑难时,即请大司祭以「乌陵」和「突明」求问天主,解疑释难(申33:8;户27:21;撒上28:6等)。

28:36
「祝圣於上主」,即谓大司祭完全属於上主,代天主发言,在天主前做民众的代表。头上佩戴此牌,使他时常想起自己地位的崇高和责任的重大(德45:7-27; 50:9-26)。

28:41
「授与圣职」,直译应作「充满他们的手」。















出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 29
1你為祝聖他們作我的司祭,應行以下的事:牽一頭公牛犢和兩隻無殘疾的公綿羊, 1And thou shalt also do this, that they may be consecrated to me in priesthood. Take a calf from the herd, and two rams without blemish,
2準備無酵餅,油調的無酵糕,油抹的無酵薄餅:這些都應用細麥麵做成, 2And unleavened bread, and a cake without leaven, tempered with oil, wafers also unleavened anointed with oil: thou shalt make them all of wheaten flour.
3放在籃子內,連籃子也帶來,並將那頭公牛和兩隻綿羊牽來; 3And thou shalt put them in a basket and offer them: and the calf and the two rams.
4然後領亞郎和他的兒子們到會幕門口,先叫他們沐浴, 4And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons to the door of the tabernacle of the testimony. And when thou hast washed the father and his sons with water,
5以後拿過服裝來,給亞郎穿上長衣,和掛厄弗得的無袖長袍,佩上厄弗得和胸牌,繫上厄弗得帶子, 5Thou shalt clothe Aaron with his vestments, that is, with the linen garment and the tunick, and the ephod and the rational, which thou shalt gird with the girdle.
6把禮冠戴在他頭上,將金牌繫在禮冠上。 6And thou shalt put the mitre upon his head, and the holy plate upon the mitre,
7再拿傅禮用的油倒在他頭上,給他傅油。 7And thou shalt pour the oil of unction upon his head: and by this rite shall he be consecrated.
8以後叫他的兒子們前來,給他們穿上長衣, 8Thou shalt bring his sons also and shalt put on them the linen tunicks, and gird them with a girdle:
9給他們束上腰帶,纏上頭巾;如此,使他們盡司祭之職,成為永遠的規律:你要這樣授與亞郎和他兒子們聖職。 9To wit, Aaron and his children, and thou shalt put mitres upon them: and they shall be priests to me by a perpetual ordinance. After thou shalt have consecrated their hands,
10以後把牛犢牽到會幕前邊,亞郎和他的兒子們按手在牛犢頭上。 10Thou shalt present also the calf before the tabernacle of the testimony. And Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands upon his head,
11你要在上主前,在會幕門口宰殺那牛犢, 11And thou shalt kill him in the sight of the Lord, beside the door of the tabernacle of the testimony.
12取些牛血,用你的手指抹在祭壇的各角上,把其餘的血倒在祭壇腳前。 12And taking some of the blood of the calf, thou shalt put it upon the horns of the altar with thy finger, and the rest of the blood thou shalt pour at the bottom thereof.
13再取出遮蓋內臟的一切脂肪、肝葉、兩腎和兩腎上的脂肪,放在祭壇上焚燒,使煙昇起。 13Thou shalt take also all the fat that covereth the entrails, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and shalt offer a burnt offering upon the altar:
14牛犢的肉、皮和糞,應在營外用火焚化,因為這是贖罪祭。 14But the flesh of the calf and the hide and the dung, thou shalt burn abroad, without the camp, because it is for sin.
15以後把公綿羊牽來,亞郎和他的兒子們按手在羊頭上。 15Thou shalt take also one ram upon the head whereof Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands.
16然後你宰殺這羊,取些羊血灑在祭壇周圍。 16And when thou hast killed him, thou shalt take of the blood thereof, and pour round about the altar:
17再把羊切成碎塊,把內臟和腿洗淨,放在肉塊與羊頭上, 17And thou shalt cut the ram in pieces, and having washed his entrails and feet, thou shalt put them upon the flesh that is cut in pieces, and upon his head.
18在祭壇上焚燒整個公綿羊,使煙昇起;這是獻給上主的全燔祭,是中悅上主的馨香火祭。 18And thou shalt offer the whole ram for a burnt offering upon the altar: it is an oblation to the Lord, a most sweet savour of the victim of the Lord.
19再把另一隻公綿羊牽來,亞郎和他的兒子們按手在羊頭上。 19Thou shalt take also the other ram, upon whose head Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands.
20此後你宰殺這羊,取一些血,抹在亞郎和他兒子們的右耳垂上,抹在他們的右手拇指和右腳大趾上,其餘的血灑在祭壇周圍。 20And when thou hast sacrificed him, thou shalt take of his blood, and put upon the tip of the right ear of Aaron and of his sons, and upon the thumbs and great toes of their right hand and foot, and thou shalt pour the blood upon the altar round about.
21以後取祭壇上的一點血和傅禮的油,灑在亞郎和他的衣服上,灑在他的兒子們和他們的衣服上:這樣他和他的衣服,他們和他們的衣服,都成了聖的。 21And when thou hast taken of the blood, that is upon the altar, and of the oil of unction, thou shalt sprinkle Aaron and his vesture, his sons and their vestments. And after they and their vestments are consecrated,
22再從公綿羊身上取出脂肪、肥尾,遮蓋內臟的脂肪、肝葉,兩腎和兩腎上的脂肪以及右後腿,──因為這是授聖職時所獻的公綿羊; 22Thou shalt take the fat of the ram, and the rump, and the fat that covereth the lungs, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and the right shoulder, because it is the ram of consecration.
23然後從擺在上主前的無酵餅籃內,拿出一個圓餅,一個油調的餅,一個薄餅, 23And one roll of bread, a cake tempered with oil, a wafer out of the basket of unleavened bread, which is set in the sight of the Lord.
24都放在亞郎和他兒子們手上,在上主前行奉獻的搖禮; 24And thou shalt put all upon the hands of Aaron and of his sons, and shalt sanctify them elevating before the Lord.
25以後從他們手裡接過來,在祭壇上按全燔祭的禮儀焚燒,使煙昇起,作為上主悅納的馨香:這是獻給上主的火祭。 25And thou shalt take all from their hands, and shalt burn them upon the altar for a holocaust, a most sweet savour in the sight of the Lord, because it is his oblation.
26以後你把亞郎受聖職時所獻的公綿羊的胸部拿來,在上主前行奉獻的搖禮,它就成了你的一分。 26Thou shalt take also the breast of the ram, wherewith Aaron was consecrated, and elevating it thou shalt sanctify it before the Lord, and it shall fall to thy share.
27你要聲明搖過的胸,舉過的腿,即亞郎和他的兒子們受聖職時,所搖過的公綿羊的胸和所舉過的腿是聖的。 27And thou shalt sanctify both the consecrated breast, and the shoulder that thou didst separate of the ram,
28這是亞郎和他的兒子們在以色列子民中永遠所享的權力,因為是舉過的祭品;舉過的祭品,就是從以色列子民所獻的和平祭品中,取出舉獻於上主的一部份。 28Wherewith Aaron was consecrated and his sons, and they shall fall to Aarons share and his sons' by a perpetual right from the children of Israel: because they are the choicest and the beginnings of their peace victims which they offer to the Lord.
29亞郎的聖衣應傳給他的子孫,他們穿上這些聖衣才能接受傅油,接受聖職。 29And the holy vesture, which Aaron shall use, his sons shall have after him, that they may be anointed, and their hands consecrated to it.
30他的子孫中凡接位當司祭,進會幕在聖所行禮的,應七天之久穿這些聖衣。 30He of his sons that shall be appointed high priest in his stead, and that shall enter into the tabernacle of the testimony to minister in the sanctuary, shall wear it seven days.
31你要拿授聖職時所獻的公綿羊,在聖處煮牠的肉。 31And thou shalt take the ram of the consecration, and shalt boil the flesh thereof in the holy place:
32亞郎同他的兒子們須要在會幕門口吃這羊肉和籃中的餅, 32And Aaron and his sons shall eat it. The loaves also, that are in the basket, they shall eat in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony,
33只許他們吃授聖職和祝聖他們時所獻的贖罪祭品,外人不許吃,因為是聖物。 33That it may be an atoning sacrifice, and the hands of the offerers may be sanctified. A stranger shall not eat of them, because they are holy.
34授聖職時所獻的祭肉和餅,若到早晨還有剩下的,應把剩下的用火焚化,不准再吃,因為是聖物。 34And if there remain of the consecrated flash, or of the bread till the morning, thou shalt burn the remainder with fire: they shall not be eaten, because they are sanctified.
35你應照我吩咐你的,向亞郎和他的兒子們行這一切:七天之久給他們行授職典禮。 35All that I have commanded thee, thou shalt do unto Aaron and his sons. Seven days shalt thou consecrate their hands:
36每天你應獻一隻牛犢當贖罪祭,為贖罪;你應在祭壇上行贖罪祭,使祭壇潔淨,而且要給祭壇傅油,使之為聖。 36And thou shalt offer a calf for sin every day for expiation. And thou shalt cleanse the altar when thou hast offered the victim of expiation, and shalt anoint it to sanctify it.
37要七天之久為祭壇行潔淨禮,使之為聖:如此祭壇就成了至聖的;凡觸摸祭壇的,也成為聖的。 37Seven days shalt thou expiate the altar and sanctify it, and it shall be most holy. Every one that shall touch it shall be holy.
38你每天應照常在祭壇上奉獻兩隻一歲的羔羊: 38This is what thou shalt sacrifice upon the altar: Two lambs of a year old every day continually.
39早晨獻一隻,傍晚獻一隻。 39One lamb in the morning and another in the evening.
40與頭一隻羊同獻的,還有十分之一『厄法』細麵,調和上四分之一『辛』榨得的油,和四分之一『辛』的酒作奠祭。 40With one lamb a tenth part of flour tempered with beaten oil, of the fourth part of a hin, and wine for libation of the same measure.
41與傍晚那一隻同獻的,如早晨的素祭和奠祭一樣,作為上主悅納的一種馨香的火祭。 41And the other lamb thou shalt offer in the evening, according to the rite of the morning oblation, and according to what we have said, for a savour of sweetness:
42這是你們世世代代,在會幕門口,在上主前應不斷獻的全燔祭;我要在那裡與你會晤,在那裡向你講話。 42It is a sacrifice to the Lord, by perpetual oblation unto your generations, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony before the Lord, where I will appoint to speak unto thee.
43我也要在那裡與以色列子民會晤,此地要因我的光榮被尊為聖。 43And there will I command the children of Israel, and the altar shall be sanctified by my glory.
44我要祝聖會幕和祭壇,也要祝聖亞郎和他的兒子們,使他們成為我的司祭。 44I will sanctify also the tabernacle of the testimony with the altar, and Aaron with his sons, to do the office of priesthood unto me.
45我要住在以色列子民中,作他們的天主。 45And I will dwell in the midst of the children of Israel, and will be their God:
46他們要承認我上主是他們的天主,領他們出離了埃及地,為住在他們中間:我上主是他們的天主。 46And they shall know that I am the Lord their God, who have brought them out of the land of Egypt, that I might abide among them, I the Lord their God.



29:1-9
授与司祭圣职的典礼包括:(一)沐浴洁身;(二)授给圣衣;(叁)傅油礼;(四)宰杀牛犊,作为赎罪祭;(五)宰杀公绵羊作为火祭;(六)宰杀另一公绵羊,作为全燔祭。祝圣典礼一连举行七天,日後似乎改为一日。除上述的牺牲外,司祭亦应奉献牺牲(肋9)。

29:10-14
司祭献赎罪祭和按手在羊头上,是表示自己是罪人;如要人民与天主和好,他们自己必须先要获得罪赦。将血抹在祭坛角上,表示司祭和天主(祭坛)之间的密切关系,成了天主的代言人,天主的仆人。

29:18
将公绵羊献为全燔祭,说明司祭终身是属於天主,应全心事奉天主(户3:1-13)。

29:20-21
祭衣和司祭的神圣是来自代表天主的祭坛。用血抹司祭的右耳,右手的拇指,是表示司祭应听从天主的话,应行善,遵行正道。

29:26-28
26-28节,记述献祭时行的摇礼和举礼。司祭将供物献於天主,以後由天主再送回司祭,由他们享用。

29:36-37
36,37两节描述祝圣祭坛的礼仪。此两节可能是充军以後增补的。祝圣祭坛的原因,是因为祭坛为俗人所建,是不洁的,应予以祝圣。

29:38-42
关於每日应献的全燔祭,见户28:6,10,15,23;则46:15;厄上3:5。









出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 30
1你應做焚香的壇,用皂莢木製造, 1Thou shalt make also an altar to burn incense, of setim wood.
2長一肘,寬一肘,方形,高二肘,四角從壇上突出。 2It shall be a cubit in length, and another in breadth, that is, foursquare, and two in height. Horns shall go out of the same.
3壇、壇的上面、四壁、周圍和四角,都包上純金;壇周圍做上金花邊。 3And thou shalt overlay it with the purest gold, as well as the grate thereof, as the walls round about and the horns. And thou shalt make to it a crown of gold round about,
4壇兩側花邊下,做兩個金環,兩面都做,為穿杠桿,抬香壇之用。 4And two golden rings under the crown on either side, that the bars may be put into them, and the altar be carried.
5用皂莢木做兩根杠桿包上金。 5And thou shalt make the bars also of setim wood, and shalt overlay them with gold.
6把香壇安置在約櫃前面掛的帳幔前,就是在我與你會晤的約櫃上的贖罪蓋之前。 6And thou shalt set the altar over against the veil, that hangeth before the ark of the testimony before the propitiatory wherewith the testimony is covered, where I will speak to thee.
7亞郎要在壇上焚燒香料;每天早晨整理燈盞時要焚香; 7And Aaron shall burn sweet smelling incense upon it in the morning. When he shall dress the lamps, he shall burn it:
8晚間亞郎換放燈盞時也要焚香:這是你們世世代代在上主前不斷的焚香禮。 8And when he shall place them in the evening, he shall burn an everlasting incense before the Lord throughout your generations.
9在這壇上不准焚別的香,也不准獻全燔祭和素祭或奠祭。 9You shall not offer upon it incense of another composition nor oblation, and victim, neither shall you offer libations.
10亞郎每年一次在這壇的四角上行贖罪禮,用贖罪祭贖罪犧牲的血,每年一次為這壇行贖罪禮。你們世世代代應行此禮,將壇祝聖於上主為至聖之物。」 10And Aaron shall pray upon the horns thereof once a year, with the blood of that which was offered for sin, and shall make atonement upon it in your generations. It shall be most holy to the Lord.
11上主訓示梅瑟說: 11And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
12「當你統計以色列子民人數的時候,凡被統計的人,每人應獻給上主贖命金,免得在統計的時候,災禍降在他們身上。 12When thou shalt take the sum of the children of Israel according to their number, every one of them shall give a price for their souls to the Lord, and there shall be no scourge among them, when they shall be reckoned.
13凡被統計過的,每人應按聖所的衡量繳納半『協刻耳』,──一『協刻耳』等於二十『革辣』,──這半『協刻耳』是給上主的獻儀。 13And this shall every one give that passeth at the naming, half a sicle according to the standard of the temple. A sicle hath twenty obols. Half a sicle shall be offered to the Lord.
14凡被統計過的,自二十歲以上起,要獻給上主獻儀: 14He that is counted in the number from twenty years and upwards, shall give the price.
15富的不多納,窮的也不少出,一概出半『協刻耳』,給上主作獻儀,作你們的贖命金。 15The rich man shall not add to half a sicle, and the poor man shall diminish nothing.
16你從以色列子民所取的贖命金,應拿來為會幕用。這為子民在上主前是一個記念,也贖回了你們的性命。」 16And the money received which was contributed by the children of Israel, thou shalt deliver unto the uses of the tabernacle of the testimony, that it may be a memorial of them before the Lord, and he may be merciful to their souls.
17上主訓示梅瑟說: 17And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
18「你應做一銅盆和銅盆座,為洗濯之用;把盆安在會幕和祭壇之間,盆中放上水, 18Thou shalt make also a brazen laver with its foot, to wash in: and thou shalt set it between the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar. And water being put into it,
19好叫亞郎和他的兒子們在盆中洗手洗腳。 19Aaron and his sons shall wash their hands and feet in it:
20他們進會幕,或走近祭壇行禮,或向上主焚燒火祭時,要用水洗,免得死亡。 20When they are going into the tabernacle of the testimony, and when they are to come to the altar, to offer on it incense to the Lord,
21他們應洗手洗腳,免得死亡:這為他和他的子孫世世代代是永遠的規律。」 21Lest perhaps they die. It shall be an everlasting law to him, and to his seed by successions.
22上主訓示梅瑟說: 22And the Lord spoke to Moses,
23「你要拿上等的香料:純正沒藥五百『協刻耳』,香肉桂為沒藥的一半,即二百五十『協刻耳』,香菖蒲二百五十『協刻耳』, 23Saying: Take spices, of principal and chosen myrrh five hundred sicles, and of cinnamon half so much, that is, two hundred and fifty sicles, of calamus in like manner two hundred and fifty.
24桂皮按聖所的衡量五百『協刻耳』,橄欖油一『辛』, 24And of cassia five hundred sicles by the weight of the sanctuary, of oil of olives the measure hin:
25用這些材料配製傅禮用的聖油,像配製香膏的方法配製,作為傅禮用的聖油。 25And thou shalt make the holy oil of unction, an ointment compounded after the art of the perfumer,
26用此油傅會幕和約櫃, 26And therewith thou shalt anoint the tabernacle of the testimony, and the ark of the testament,
27供桌和其上的一切器具,燈台和一切用具,香壇, 27And the table with the vessels thereof, the candlestick and furniture thereof, the altars of incense,
28全燔祭壇和壇上的一切用具、盆和盆座。 28And of holocaust, and all the furniture that belongeth to the service of them.
29你祝聖過的,都成了至聖之物,凡接觸這些物件的,也成為聖的。 29And thou shalt sanctify all, and they shall be most holy: he that shall touch them shall be sanctified.
30你也要給亞郎和他的兒子們傅油,祝聖他們作我的司祭。 30Thou shalt anoint Aaron and his sons, and shalt sanctify them, that they may do the office of priesthood unto me.
31你要吩咐以色列子民說:你們應世世代代以此為傅禮用的聖油, 31And thou shalt say to the children of Israel: This oil of unction shall be holy unto me throughout your generations.
32不准將此油倒在俗人身上,也不准用這配製的方法配製這樣的油,因為是聖油,你們應以為聖物。 32The flesh of man shall not be anointed therewith, and you shall make none other of the same composition, because it is sanctified, and shall be holy unto you.
33無論誰若配製這樣的油,或用這油傅了凡人,應將他從百姓中剷除。」 33What man soever shall compound such, and shall give thereof to a stranger, he shall be cut off from his people.
34上主向梅瑟說:「你要取這些香料:就是蘇合香、香螺和白松香;這些香料與純乳香應有相等的分量, 34And the Lord said to Moses: Take unto thee spices, stacte, and onycha, galbanum of sweet savour, and the clearest frankincense, all shall be of equal weight.
35以香膏的配製法配成香,再加上鹽,使之成為純潔和聖的。 35And thou shalt make incense compounded by the work of the perfumer, well tempered together, and pure, and most worthy of sanctification.
36將一部分研成碎末,獻在會幕中的約櫃前,即我與你會晤的地方;這為你們是至聖之物。 36And when thou has beaten all into very small powder, thou shalt set of it before the tabernacle of the testimony, in the place where I will appear to thee. Most holy shall this incense be to you.
37你所配製的這種香,不准配製為自己用,應當作聖物,只為上主用。 37You shall not make such a composition for your own uses, because it is holy to the Lord.
38無論誰若配製這樣的香料,為聞香氣,應將他從百姓中剷除。」 38What man soever shall make the like, to enjoy the smell thereof, he shall perish out of his people.



30:1-9
「香坛」亦名「金坛」(39:28),又名「金香坛」(希9:4)。顾名思义,显然此坛专为焚香之用。

30:11-16
以色列人的统计,见户1。全体人民,不论贫富,一律应缴纳半「协刻耳」,表示在天主前,人人平等。

30:38
「从百姓中铲除」一句。见12:15 注释;户9:13。
















出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 31
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「看,從猶大支派,我已召叫了胡爾的孫子,烏黎的兒子貝匝肋耳來, 2Behold, I have called by name Beseleel the son of Uri the son of Hur of the tribe of Juda,
3以天主的神充滿了他,叫他有智慧、技能和知識,能製造各種工程, 3And I have filled him with the spirit of God, with wisdom and understanding, and knowledge in all manner of work.
4能設計圖案,能用金、銀、銅製造器物, 4To devise whatsoever may be artificially made of gold, and silver, and brass,
5能雕刻寶石,鑲嵌,雕刻木頭,製造各種工程。 5Of marble, and precious stones, and variety of wood.
6我又使丹支派阿希撒瑪客的兒子敖曷里雅布與他合作;也把智慧賜給一切有藝術技能的人,好完成我吩咐你的一切: 6And I have given him for his companion Ooliab the son of Achisamech of the tribe of Dan. And I have put wisdom in the heart of every skillful man, that they may make all things which I have commanded thee,
7會幕、約櫃和上面的贖罪蓋及屬於會幕的一切用具, 7The tabernacle of the covenant, and the ark of the testimony, and the propitiatory that is over it, and all the vessels of the tabernacle,
8供桌和桌上的一切器物,純金的燈台和燈台的一切器物和香壇, 8And the table and the vessels thereof, the most pure candlestick with the vessels thereof, and the altars of incense,
9全燔祭壇和一切器物,盆和盆座, 9And of holocaust, and all their vessels, the laver with its foot,
10行禮的衣服,亞郎大司祭的聖衣和他兒子們行祭的服裝, 10The holy vestments in the ministry for Aaron the priest, and for his sons, that they may execute their office about the sacred things:
11傅禮用的油和為聖所焚的香。他們應全照我吩咐你的去作。」 11The oil of unction, and the incense of spices in the sanctuary, all things which I have commanded thee, shall they make.
12上主訓示梅瑟說: 12And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
13「你要吩咐以色列子民說:你們務要守我的安息日,這是我與你們之間世世代代的記號,使你們知道,我是祝聖你們的上主。 13Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: See that thou keep my sabbath: because it is a sign between me and you in your generations: that you may know that I am the Lord, who sanctify you.
14所以你們應守安息日,因為這日為你們是聖日,那褻瀆這聖日的,應受死刑;凡在這日工作的,應從百姓中剷除。 14Keep you my sabbath: for it is holy unto you: he that shall profane it, shall be put to death: he that shall do my work in it, his soul shall perish out of the midst of his people.
15六日中可以工作,但第七日應完全安息,因為是獻於上主的聖日;凡在安息日工作的,應受死刑。 15Six days shall you do work: in the seventh day is the sabbath, the rest holy to the Lord. Every one that shall do any work on this day, shall die.
16以色列子民要守安息日,世世代代要過安息日,作為永遠的盟約。 16Let the children of Israel keep the sabbath, and celebrate it in their generations. It is an everlasting covenant
17這是我與以色列子民之間的永遠記號,因為上主六天造了天地,第七天停工休息。」 17Between me and the children of Israel, and a perpetual sign. For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and in the seventh he ceased from work.
18上主在西乃山上向梅瑟說完了話,交給他兩塊約版,即天主用手指所寫的石版。 18And the Lord, when he had ended these words in mount Sinai, gave to Moses two stone tables of testimony, written with the finger of God.



31:1-6
「贝匝肋耳」按编上2:18-20,原属加肋布家族。日後此家族与犹大支派合并,故此处说他是犹大支派。技艺和智慧,以色列人以为是天主的恩惠(德38:1-8等)。

31:12-17
关於安息日,参阅出20:8-11; 23:12; 34:21;肋23:3; 26:2。

31:15-17
15-17节,见创2:1-3注释。

31:18
「约版」,原文作「证据」,是说版上刻的十诫,永远作为西乃盟约的证据。见25:16。










出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 32
1百姓見梅瑟遲遲不下山,就聚集到亞郎跟前,對他說:「起來,給我們製造一尊神像,在我們前面引路,因為那領我們出埃及國的梅瑟,不知道遭遇了什麼事。」 1And the people seeing that Moses delayed to come down from the mount, gathering together against Aaron, said: Arise, make us gods, that may go before us: for as to this Moses, the man that brought us out of the land of Egypt, we know not what has befallen him.
2亞郎給他們說:「你們去摘下你們的妻子、兒女所佩戴的金耳環,給我送來。」 2And Aaron said to them: Take the golden earrings from the ears of your wives, and your sons and daughters, and bring them to me.
3眾百姓即將他們耳上的金環摘下,送到亞郎跟前。 3And the people did what he had commanded, bringing the earrings to Aaron.
4亞郎從他們手裡接過來,製了一個模型,用來鑄了一個牛像。他們遂說:「以色列,這就是領你出埃及國的天主。」 4And when he had received them, he fashioned them by founders' work, and made of them a molten calf. And they said: These are thy gods, O Israel, that have brought thee out of the land of Egypt.
5亞郎一見,就在牛犢前築了一座祭壇,宣布說:「明日是上主的慶節。」 5And when Aaron saw this, he built an altar before it, and made proclamation by a crier's voice, saying: Tomorrow is the solemnity of the Lord.
6次日清晨,他們起來,就奉獻了全燔祭及和平祭;以後百姓坐下吃喝,起來玩樂。 6And rising in the morning, they offered holocausts, and peace victims, and the people sat down to eat, and drink, and they rose up to play.
7上主訓示梅瑟說:「你下去!因為你從埃及國領出來的百姓敗壞了。 7And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Go, get thee down: thy people, which thou hast brought out of the land of Egypt, hath sinned.
8他們很快就離開了我給他們指示的道路,為自己鑄了一個牛犢,朝拜牠,向牠祭獻並且說:「以色列,這就是領你出埃及的天主。」 8They have quickly strayed from the way which thou didst shew them: and they have made to themselves a molten calf, and have adored it, and sacrificing victims to it, have said: These are thy gods, O Israel, that have brought thee out of the land of Egypt.
9上主又向梅瑟說:「我看這百姓,真是一個執拗的百姓! 9And again the Lord said to Moses: See that this people is stiffnecked:
10你且由我向他們發怒,消滅他們;我要使你成為一個大民族。」 10Let me alone, that my wrath may be kindled against them, and that I may destroy them, and I will make of thee a great nation.
11梅瑟求上主他的天主息怒說:「上主,你為什麼要向你用大力,用強硬的手臂,由埃及國領出來的百姓發怒呢? 11But Moses besought the Lord his God, saying: Why, O Lord, is thy indignation kindled against thy people, whom thou hast brought out of the land of Egypt, with great power, and with a mighty hand?
12為什麼要叫埃及人說:他是惡意領他們出來,要在山中殺死他們,由地面上絕滅他們呢?求你息怒,撤銷要加於你百姓的災禍。 12Let not the Egyptians say, I beseech thee: He craftily brought them out, that he might kill them in the mountains, and destroy them from the earth: let thy anger cease, and be appeased upon the wickedness of thy people.
13求你記念你的僕人亞巴郎、依撒格和以色列,你曾指著自己向他們起誓說:我要使你們的後裔,像天上的繁星那樣多;我所許的那整個地方,必賜給你們的後裔,叫他們永遠佔有。」 13Remember Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, thy servants, to whom thou sworest by thy own self, saying: I will multiply your seed as the stars of heaven: and this whole land that I have spoken of, I will give to you seed, and you shall possess it for ever.
14上主遂撤銷了要加於百姓的災禍。 14And the Lord was appeased from doing the evil which he had spoken against his people.
15梅瑟轉身下山,手中拿著兩塊約版,版兩面都寫著字,前面後面都有字。 15And Moses returned from the mount, carrying the two tables of the testimony in his hand, written on both sides,
16版是天主做的,字是天主寫的,刻在版上。 16And made by the work of God: the writing also of God was graven in the tables.
17若蘇厄一聽見百姓喧嘩的聲音,就對梅瑟說:「營裡有戰爭的聲音。」 17And Josue hearing the noise of the people shouting, said to Moses: The noise of battle is heard in the camp.
18梅瑟回答說:「這不是戰勝的歌聲,也不是戰敗的吵聲,我聽見的是應和的歌聲。」 18But he answered: It is not the cry of men encouraging to fight, nor the shout of men compelling to flee: but I hear the voice of singers.
19當梅瑟走近營幕的時候,見了那牛犢,看見人歌舞,遂大發憤怒,把兩塊石版由手中拋出,摔碎在山下。 19And when he came nigh to the camp, he saw the calf, and the dances: and being very angry, he threw the tables out of his hand, and broke them at the foot of the mount:
20隨後拿過他們所造的牛犢,投在火中焚燒,搗成細末,撒在水面上,叫以色列子民喝。 20And laying hold of the calf which they had made, he burnt it, and beat it to powder, which he strowed into water, and gave thereof to the children of Israel to drink.
21梅瑟對亞郎說:「這百姓對你作了什麼,你竟使他們陷於重罪?」 21And he said to Aaron: What has this people done to thee, that thou shouldst bring upon them a most heinous sin?
22亞郎回答說:「我主,請不要生氣!你知道這百姓傾向於惡。 22And he answered him: Let not my lord be offended: for thou knowest this people, that they are prone to evil.
23他們對我說:請給我們製一神像,在我們前面引路,因為那領我們出埃及國的梅瑟,不知道遭遇了什麼事。 23They said to me: Make us gods, that may go before us: for as to this Moses, who brought us forth out of the land of Egypt, we know not what is befallen him.
24我給他們說:誰有金子,就摘下來!他們遂給我送來。我把金子投在火中,這牛犢便出來了。」 24And I said to them: Which of you hath any gold? and they took and brought it to me: and I cast it into the fire, and this calf came out.
25梅瑟見百姓這樣放肆,──因為亞郎放縱了他們,成了敵人的笑柄;── 25And when Moses saw that the people were naked, (for Aaron had stripped them by occasion of the shame of the filth, and had set them naked among their enemies,)
26就站在營幕門口說:「凡屬上主的,到我跟前來!」於是肋未的子孫聚到梅瑟前。 26Then standing in the gate of the camp, he said: If any man be on the Lord's side let him join with me. And all the sons of Levi gathered themselves together unto him:
27梅瑟向他們說:「上主,以色列的天主這樣說:每人要把刀佩在腰間,在營中往來,從這門到那門,要殺自己的兄弟、朋友和親人。」 27And he said to them: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Put every man his sword upon his thigh: go, and return from gate to gate through the midst of the camp, and let every man kill his brother, and friend, and neighbour.
28肋未的子孫就照梅瑟的吩咐作了,那一天百姓中被殺的約有三千人。 28And the sons of Levi did according to the words of Moses, and there were slain that day about three and twenty thousand men.
29梅瑟說:「今天你們應接受奉事上主的聖職,因為你們每人犧牲了自己的兒子和兄弟,上主今日必賜福與你們。」 29And Moses said: You have consecrated your hands this day to the Lord, every man in his son and in his brother, that a blessing may be given to you.
30到了次日,梅瑟向百姓說:「你們犯了重罪,現在我要上到上主台前,也許我能為你們贖罪。」 30And when the next day was come, Moses spoke to the people: You have sinned a very great sin: I will go up to the Lord, if by any means I may be able to entreat him for your crime.
31梅瑟回到上主那裡說:「唉!這百姓犯了重罪,為自己製造了金神像。 31And returning to the Lord, he said: I beseech thee: this people hath sinned a heinous sin, and they have made to themselves gods of gold: either forgive them this trespass,
32現在只求你赦免他們的罪,不然,就把我從你所記錄的冊子上抹去罷!」 32Or if thou do not, strike me out of the book that thou hast written.
33上主回答梅瑟說:「誰犯罪得罪我,我就把誰從我的冊子上抹去。 33And the Lord answered him: He that hath sinned against me, him will I strike out of my book:
34現在你去領我的百姓到我吩咐你的地方去。看,我的使者在你前面引路。在我懲罰之日,我必懲罰他們的罪。」 34But go thou, and lead this people whither I have told thee: my angel shall go before thee. And I in the day of revenge will visit this sin also of theirs.
35以後上主打擊了百姓,因他們敬拜了亞郎製造的牛犢。 35The Lord therefore struck the people for the guilt on occasion of the calf which Aaron had made.



32:1-6
以色列人要求制造金牛犊来敬拜,本来不是背弃天主,因为他们愿意用金牛来代表天主。近东古国,人民多以牛为神的象徵,因为牛是有大力和繁殖的动物。天主曾发显大能拯救了以色列人,他们一定感念天主的大恩。但因天主严禁人制造神像,因而有罪。6节所描述的情形,好似日後他们在史廷的狂欢(户25)。圣保禄曾拿这狂欢的恶果警告过当时的基督徒(格前10:7)。

32:9-14
梅瑟如亚巴郎一样(创18:16-33),是一伟大的中保(出5:22,23; 8:4; 9:28; 10:17;户11:2; 12:13; 14:13-19; 16:22; 21:7;申9:25-29;耶15:1;咏99:6; 106:23;德45:3)。梅瑟因求天主息怒,宽赦百姓的行为,成了耶稣的预像。

32:17-18
关於若苏厄,见24:13。

32:20
梅瑟叫百姓喝下搀有金牛碎末的水,是要他们深信,金牛和其他偶像一样,都是虚无。

32:25-29
所记被杀的数字,似乎言过其实。梅瑟杀犯人的目的,是为警戒百姓不要再违犯天主的命令,是为防止以色列人中的破坏分子与敌人暗中勾结。肋未人的大义灭亲和忠勇,受到了表扬(申33:8,9)。

32:31-33
「册子」是天主所爱者的名册。「从你的册子上将我抹去」,说明梅瑟心胸豁达的气度。参阅罗9:3。

32:35
35节似为日後补入。经学者认为以色列人所以在旷野漂流了四十年,是由於他们制造金牛,和崇拜金牛的罪。









出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 33
1上主向梅瑟說:「你和你從埃及國領出的百姓離開這裡,上那地方去;關於此地,我曾誓許給亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯說:我要將此地賜給你的後裔。 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: God, get thee up from this place, thou and thy people which thou has brought out of the land of Egypt, into the land concerning which I swore to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying: To thy seed I will give it.
2我要打發使者在你前面,我要驅逐客納罕人、阿摩黎人、赫特人、培黎齊人、希威人和耶步斯人。 2And I will send an angel before thee, that I may cast out the Chanaanite, and the Amorrhite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite.
3你往流奶流蜜之地時,我不與你同行,因為你是個執拗的百姓,免得我在路上消滅你。」 3That thou mayst enter into the land that floweth with milk and honey. For I will not go up with thee, because thou art a stiffnecked people: lest I destroy thee in the way.
4百姓一聽這凶訊,都表示悲痛,沒有人再穿戴裝飾品。 4And the people hearing these very bad tidings, mourned: and no man put on his ornaments according to custom.
5上主向梅瑟說:「你告訴以色列子民:你們是個執拗的百姓,我若與你同行,只一會兒,我必把你消滅。現在你把裝飾品卸下,看我要怎樣待你。」 5And the Lord said to Moses: Say to the children of Israel: Thou are a stiffnecked people; once I shall come up in the midst of thee, and shall destroy thee. Now presently lay aside thy ornaments, that I may know what to do with thee.
6以色列子民從離開曷勒布山,就卸去了裝飾品。 6So the children of Israel laid aside their ornaments by mount Horeb.
7梅瑟往往將那帳幕支搭在營外,離營遠些;他稱此帳幕為「會幕」。凡求問天主的,要到營外的帳幕那裡。 7Moses also taking the tabernacle, pitched it without the camp afar off, and called the name thereof, The tabernacle of the covenant. And all the people that had any question, went forth to the tabernacle of the covenant, without the camp.
8每當梅瑟往會幕那裡去的時候,眾百姓都起來,每人站在自己帳幕門口,觀望梅瑟直到他進入會幕。 8And when Moses went forth to the tabernacle, all the people rose up, and every one stood in the door of his pavilion, and they beheld the back of Moses, till he went into the tabernacle.
9當梅瑟進入會幕的時候,雲柱降下,停在會幕門口,上主便同梅瑟談話。 9And when he was gone into the tabernacle of the covenant, the pillar of the cloud came down, and stood at the door, and he spoke with Moses.
10眾百姓一見雲柱停止在會幕門口,百姓就起來,俯伏在自己的帳幕門口。 10And all saw that the pillar of the cloud stood at the door of the tabernacle. And they stood, and worshipped at the doors of their tents.
11上主同梅瑟面對面地談話,就如人同朋友談話一樣。梅瑟回營以後,他的侍從,一個年輕人,即農的兒子若蘇厄總不離開會幕。 11And the Lord spoke to Moses face to face, as a man is wont to speak to his friend. And when he returned into the camp, his servant Josue the son of Nun, a young man, departed not from the tabernacle.
12梅瑟對上主說:「看,你吩咐了我,叫我引領這百姓,但沒有告訴我,你派誰與我同去。你還說過:我提名選了你,你在我眼中得了寵。 12And Moses said to the Lord; Thou commandest me to lead forth this people: and thou dost not let me know whom thou wilt send with me, especially whereas thou hast said: I know thee by name, and thou hast found favour in my sight.
13如果我真在你眼中得寵,求你把你的道路指示給我,叫我認識你,好在你眼中得寵。也請記得這民族是你的百姓。」 13If therefore I have found favour in thy sight, shew me thy face, that I may know thee, and may find grace before thy eyes: look upon thy people this nation.
14上主回答說:「我必親自去,使你獲得安所。」 14And the Lord said: My face shall go before thee, and I will give thee rest.
15梅瑟對上主說:「你若不親自去,也別叫我們從這裡上去。 15And Moses said: If thou thyself dost not go before, bring us not out of this place.
16人怎樣知道我和你的百姓在你眼中得寵,豈不是因你與我們同行,而我和你的百姓有別於地面上所有的人民?」 16For how shall we be able to know, I and thy people, that we have found grace in thy sight, unless thou walk with us, that we may be glorified by all people that dwell upon the earth?
17上主回答說:「連你所求的事,我也要作,因為你在我眼中得了寵,我提名選了你。」 17And the Lord said to Moses: This word also, which thou hast spoken, will I do: for thou hast found grace before me, and thee I have known by name.
18梅瑟又說:「求你把你的榮耀顯示給我。」 18And he said: shew me thy glory.
19上主答說:「當我在你前呼喊「雅威」名號時,我要使我的一切美善在你面前經過。我要恩待的就恩待,要憐憫的就憐憫。」 19He answered: I will shew thee all good, and I will proclaim in the name of the Lord before thee: and I will have mercy on whom I will, and I will be merciful to whom it shall please me.
20又說:「我的面容你決不能看見,因為人看見了我,就不能再活了。」 20And again he said: Thou canst not see my face: for man shall not see me and live.
21上主又說:「看,靠近我有個地方,你可站在那塊磐石上。 21And again he said: Behold there is a place with me, and thou shalt stand upon the rock.
22當我的榮耀經過時,我把你放在磐石縫裡,用我的手遮掩你,直到我過去。 22And when my glory shall pass, I will set thee in a hole of the rock, and protect thee with my right hand, till I pass:
23當我縮回我的手時,你將看見我的背後,但我的面容,卻無法看見。」 23And I will take away my hand, and thou shalt see my back parts: but my face thou canst not see.



33:1-6
1-6节记述以色列子民佩带上饰物,欢天喜地的起程进发,但当他们听说天主不愿与他们同行时,都感到败兴,将饰物卸下。

33:12-17
梅瑟请求天主与他同行。梅瑟与天主的一段谈话,显示出他对天主的依恃之情和他祈祷的效力。

33:18-23
天主的圣善与世人的卑微,有有不可言喻的距离;为此,人若见了天主或听到他的声音,必死无疑(出19:21;肋16:2;户4:20;申5:19-23)。梅瑟和厄里亚在上主前,都俯伏在地,掩面不敢仰视天主(出3:6;列上19:13)。旧约时代,只有他们二人见了天主,或听了天主的声音而没有死。新约时代,有圣保禄和圣若望(格後12:1-4;默4:5)。实际上,梅瑟没有看见天主的面容,只见到天主的背後(23节),只看见了天主荣耀的一部分。到天堂,人才能面对面地看见天主的光荣,会幕以前是设於营内,自从百姓敬拜金牛以後,才将会幕移到营外(7-11节,参阅16:33-34注)。














出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 34
1上主向梅瑟說:「你要鑿兩塊石版,和先前的一樣;我要把你摔碎的石版上的字,再刻在石版上。 1And after this he said: Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the former, and I will write upon them the words which were in the tables, which thou brokest.
2明天早晨你要準備好,清早上西乃山,在山頂上站在我前。 2Be ready in the morning, that thou mayst forthwith go up into mount Sinai, and thou shalt stand with me upon the top of the mount.
3不准任何人同你上山,全山不可有一個人,也不准在這山下放牛羊。」 3Let no man go up with thee: and let not any man be seen throughout all the mount: neither let the oxen nor the sheep feed over against it.
4梅瑟便鑿了兩塊石版,和先前的一樣;照上主的吩咐,清早起來,上了西乃山,手中拿著兩塊石版。 4Then he cut out two tables of stone, such as had been before: and rising very early he went up into the mount Sinai, as the Lord had commanded him, carrying with him the tables.
5上主乘雲降下,站在梅瑟身旁,他便呼喊「雅威」名號。 5And when the Lord was come down in a cloud, Moses stood with him, calling upon the name of the Lord.
6上主由他面前經過時,大聲喊說:「雅威,雅威是慈悲寬仁的天主,緩於發怒,富於慈愛忠誠, 6And when he passed before him, he said: O the Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious, patient and of much compassion, and true,
7對萬代的人保持仁愛,寬赦過犯、罪行和罪過,但是決不豁免懲罰,父親的過犯向子孫追討,直到三代四代。」 7Who keepest mercy unto thousands: who takest away iniquity, and wickedness, and sin, and no man of himself is innocent before thee. Who renderest the iniquity of the fathers to the children, and to the grandchildren, unto the third and fourth generation.
8梅瑟急忙俯伏在地朝拜, 8And Moses making haste, bowed down prostrate unto the earth, and adoring,
9說:「吾主,若是我真在你眼中得寵,求吾主與我們同行;這百姓固然執拗,但求你寬免我們的過犯和罪惡,以我們為你的所有物。」 9Said: If I have found grace in thy sight: O Lord, I beseech thee, that thou wilt go with us, (for it is a stiffnecked people,) and take away our iniquities and sin, and possess us.
10上主說:「看,我要立約:我在你的全百姓前所要行的奇跡,是在普世萬國未行過的;你四周的人民要看見上主的作為,因為我藉你所行的是可怕的事。 10The Lord answered: I will make a covenant in the sight of all. I will do signs such as were never seen upon the earth, nor in any nation: that this people, in the midst of whom thou art, may see the terrible work of the Lord which I will do.
11你應注意我今日吩咐你的事:我要從你面前驅逐阿摩黎人、客納罕人、赫特人、培黎齊人、希威人和耶步斯人。 11Observe all things which this day I command thee: I myself will drive out before thy face the Amorrhite, and the Chanaanite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite.
12你要注意:你每到一地,不可與那地方的居民立盟,恐怕他們成了你中間的陷阱。 12Beware thou never join in friendship with the inhabitants of that land, which may be thy ruin:
13你應拆毀他們的祭壇,打碎他們的神柱,砍斷他們的木偶。 13But destroy their altars, break their statues, and cut down their groves:
14不准你朝拜別的神,因為上主名為忌邪者,他是忌邪的天主。 14Adore not any strange god. The Lord his name is Jealous, he is a jealous God.
15不准你與當地的人民結盟,免得他們與自己的神行淫,給自己的神獻祭時,請你去吃他們的祭物, 15Make no covenant with the men of those countries lest, when they have committed fornication with their gods, and have adored their idols, some one call thee to eat of the things sacrificed.
16又免得你為你的兒子娶他們的女兒為妻;當他們的女兒與自己的神行淫的時候,也使你的兒子與她們的神行淫。 16Neither shalt thou take of their daughters a wife for thy son, lest after they themselves have committed fornication, they make thy sons also to commit fornication with their gods.
17不准為你鑄造神像。 17Thou shalt not make to thyself any molten gods.
18你要按照我所吩咐的,在阿彼布月所定的日期內,守無酵節,七天之久吃無酵餅,因為在阿彼布月你出離了埃及。 18Thou shalt keep the feast of the unleavened bread. Seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee in the time of the month of the new corn: for in the month of the springtime thou camest out from Egypt.
19凡初開母胎的都應歸於我;你的牲畜中,凡首生的公牛羊,都應歸於我。 19All of the male kind, that openeth the womb, shall be mine. Of all beasts, both of oxen and of sheep, it shall be mine.
20首生的驢,應用羊贖回;若不贖回,應打斷牠的頸項。你的子孫中,凡是長子,你應贖回。空著手的,不可到我台前來。 20The firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a sheep: but if thou wilt not give a price for it, it shall be slain. The firstborn of thy sons thou shalt redeem: neither shalt thou appear before me empty.
21你六天作工,但第七天應安息,連在耕種收穫的時期,也要安息。 21Six days shalt thou work, the seventh day thou shalt cease to plough, and to reap.
22在收穫初熟麥子時,應過七七節;在年尾過收藏節。 22Thou shalt keep the feast of weeks with the firstfruits of the corn of thy wheat harvest, and the feast when the time of the year returneth that all things are laid in.
23凡你所有的男子,一年三次應去朝拜主,上主,以色列的天主。 23Three times in a year all thy males shall appear in the sight of the Almighty Lord the God of Israel.
24幾時我從你面前趕走異民,擴展了你的疆域之後,你一年三次上去朝拜上主你天主的時候,沒有人敢圖謀你的國土。 24For when I shall have taken away the nations from thy face, and shall have enlarged thy borders, no man shall lie in wait against thy land when thou shalt go up, and appear in the sight of the Lord thy God thrice in a year.
25不可同酵麵一起給我祭獻犧牲的血;逾越節的犧牲,不可留到早晨。 25Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice upon leaven: neither shall there remain in the morning any thing of the victim of the solemnity of the Lord.
26你田中最上等的初熟之果,應獻到上主你的天主的殿中。不可煮羊羔在其母奶之中。」 26The first of the fruits of thy ground thou shalt offer in the house of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not boil a kid in the milk of his dam.
27以後上主向梅瑟說:「你要記錄這些話,因為我依據這些話同你和以色列子民立了約。」 27And the Lord said to Moses: Write these words by which I have made a covenant both with thee and with Israel.
28梅瑟在那裡同上主一起,停留了四十天四十夜,沒有吃飯,也沒有喝水;把盟約的話,即十句話,寫在石版上。 28And he was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights: he neither ate bread nor drank water, and he wrote upon the tables the ten words of the covenant.
29梅瑟從西乃山下來的時候,手中拿著兩塊約版;他下山的時候,未發覺自己的臉皮,因同上主談過話,而發光。 29And when Moses came down from the mount Sinai, he held the two tables of the testimony, and he knew not that his face was horned from the conversation of the Lord.
30亞郎和全以色列子民一看見他的臉皮發光,都害怕接近他。 30And Aaron and the children of Israel seeing the face of Moses horned, were afraid to come near.
31梅瑟召呼他們過來,亞郎和全會眾的首領才敢回到他跟前,梅瑟就同他們談了話。 31And being called by him, they returned, both Aaron and the rulers of the congregation. And after that he spoke to them.
32以後全以色列子民也來到他跟前,他把上主在西乃山上同他所說的一切,都吩咐了他們。 32And all the children of Israel came to him: and he gave them in commandment all that he had heard of the Lord in mount Sinai.
33梅瑟向他們講完話,就用首帕蒙上自己的臉。 33And having done speaking, he put a veil upon his face.
34幾時梅瑟到上主台前去同他談話,就揭去首帕,直到出來的時候;他出來後,就對以色列子民講明上主吩咐他的事, 34But when he went in to the Lord, and spoke with him, he took it away until he came forth, and then he spoke to the children of Israel all things that had been commanded him.
35以色列子民觀看梅瑟的臉,見梅瑟的臉皮發光。以後梅瑟再用首帕蒙上自己的臉,直到再去同上主談話。 35And they saw that the face of Moses when he came out was horned, but he covered his face again, if at any time he spoke to them.



34:6-7
6,7二节是天主的德能和属性的自述,尤其是他的仁慈(33:19-32;咏145:9等)。按原文,这些话也可能是梅瑟说的。无论如何,这些话可以视作旧约信友的信经。

34:9
9节参阅32:9-14 注释。

34:10-16
上主既自比为以色列民族的净配;以色列子民若敬拜邪神,就是违反婚约,同邪神行淫(依1:21;欧1-3等)。由此亦可明白天主为什麽称为「忌邪的天主」(14节,参阅出20:5;申4:24; 5:9; 6:15)。

34:10-28
10-27节是约书(20-23:19)的撮要。28节的「十句话」即指天主十诫(见20:1-17;申10:2-4)。

34:29-35
29-35节记载梅瑟因与天主交谈而脸上发光。圣保禄曾将此事贴切在新约的信友身上(格後3:12-18注)。







出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 35
1梅瑟召集以色列子民全會眾,向他們說:「這是上主吩咐你們應遵行的事: 1And all the multitude of the children of Israel being gathered together, he said to them: These are the things which the Lord hath commanded to be done.
2六日內作工,第七日為你們是聖日,應完全為上主安息;凡在這一日作工的,應受死刑。 2Six days you shall do work: the seventh day shall be holy unto you, the sabbath, and the rest of the Lord: he that shall do any work on it, shall be put to death.
3安息日不准在你們住的一切地方生火。」 3You shall kindle no fire in any of your habitations on the sabbath day.
4梅瑟又訓示以色列子民全會眾說:「上主這樣命令說: 4And Moses said to all the assembly of the children of Israel: This is the word the Lord hath commanded, saying:
5由你們財物中取一份作獻儀,獻給上主;凡甘心樂捐的,可獻於上主的獻儀是:金、銀、銅, 5Set aside with you firstfruits to the Lord. Let every one that is willing and hath a ready heart, offer them to the Lord: gold, and silver, and brass,
6紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線、細麻和山羊毛, 6Violet and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine linen, goats' hair,
7染紅的公羊皮、海豚皮及皂莢木, 7And rams' skins dyed red, and violet coloured skins, setim wood,
8燈油,為製傅禮的油和焚香用的香料, 8And oil to maintain lights, and to make ointment, and most sweet incense.
9紅瑪瑙石和為鑲在厄弗得和胸牌上的寶石。 9Onyx stones, and precious stones, for the adorning of the ephod and the rational.
10你們中間凡有天才的人,都要來製造上主所命令的一切: 10Whosoever of you is wise, let him come, and make that which the Lord hath commanded:
11帳棚、棚頂和棚罩,鉤子、木板、橫木、柱子和卯座, 11To wit, the tabernacle and the roof thereof, and the cover, the rings, and the board work with the oars, the pillars, and the sockets:
12約櫃和杠桿,贖罪蓋、遮贖罪蓋的帳幔, 12The ark and the staves, the propitiatory, and the veil that is drawn before it:
13供桌和杠桿,並一切器具,以及供餅, 13The table with the bars and the vessels, and the loaves of proposition:
14燈台及其用具,燈盞和燈油, 14The candlestick to bear up the lights, the vessels thereof and the lamps, and the oil for the nourishing of fires:
15香壇和杠桿,傅禮的油、香料、帳棚入口的門簾, 15The altar of incense, and the bars, and the oil of unction and the incense of spices: the hanging at the door of the tabernacle:
16全燔祭壇和祭壇的銅格子、杠桿及一切器具,盆和盆座, 16The altar of holocaust, and its grate of brass, with the bars and vessels thereof: the laver and its foot:
17庭院的帷幔、柱子、卯座並院門的簾子, 17The curtains of the court with the pillars and the sockets, the hanging in the doors of the entry,
18帳棚的橛子、庭院的橛子和繩索, 18The pins of the tabernacle and of the court with their little cords:
19聖所內行禮的祭服,亞郎大司祭的聖衣,以及他兒子們行祭的服裝。」 19The vestments that are to be used in the ministry of the sanctuary, the vesture of Aaron the high priest, and of his sons, to do the office of priesthood to me.
20於是以色列子民全會眾離開梅瑟而去。 20And all the multitude of the children of Israel going out from the presence of Moses,
21凡甘心情願捐獻的人都來送給上主獻儀,為製造會幕和會幕中的一切用具及聖衣之用; 21Offered firstfruits to the Lord with a most ready and devout mind, to make the work of the tabernacle of the testimony. Whatsoever was necessary to the service, and to the holy vestments,
22無論男女,凡甘心樂捐的,都把金針、耳環、戒指、項鏈和各樣金器送來,各人都把金子奉獻給上主作獻儀。 22Both men and women gave bracelets and earrings, rings and tablets: every vessel of gold was set aside to be offered to the Lord.
23凡有紫色、紅色、朱紅色毛線、細麻、山羊毛、染紅的公羊皮、海豚皮的,也都送來。 23If any man had violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, fine linen and goats' hair, rams' skins dyed red, and violet coloured skins,
24凡願奉獻銀子和銅的,也送來,奉獻給上主作獻儀;凡有皂莢木的,也送來,為製造各種應用之物。 24Metal of silver and brass, they offered it to the Lord, and setim wood for divers uses.
25凡技巧的婦女都親手紡線,把所紡的紫色、紅色、朱紅色毛線和細麻送來。 25The skillful women also gave such things as they had spun, violet, purple, and scarlet, and fine linen,
26凡具有藝術才能的婦女都紡了毛線。 26And goats' hair, giving all of their own accord.
27首長奉獻了紅瑪瑙石,鑲在厄弗得和胸牌上的寶石, 27But the princes offered onyx stone, and precious stones, for the ephod and the rational,
28香料和油,為點燈,為製傅禮的油,為製焚香而用。 28And spices and oil for the lights, and for the preparing of ointment, and to make the incense of most sweet savour.
29以色列子民,無論男女,凡甘心樂捐,為製造上主藉梅瑟所吩咐的一切工程的,都自願向上主奉獻了禮品。 29All both men and women with devout mind offered gifts, that the works might be done which the Lord had commanded by the hand of Moses. All the children of Israel dedicated voluntary offerings to the Lord.
30梅瑟向以色列子民說:「你們看,上主已提名,召叫了猶大支派的烏黎的兒子,胡爾的孫子貝匝肋耳, 30And Moses said to the children of Israel: Behold the Lord hath called by name Beseleel the son of Uri the son of Hur of the tribe of Juda.
31使他充滿天主的神,使他有智慧、技能和知識,能作各種工程, 31And hath filled him with the spirit of God, with wisdom and understanding and knowledge and all learning.
32能設計圖案,能用金、銀、銅製造器物, 32To devise and to work in gold and silver and brass,
33能雕刻寶石,加以鑲嵌,雕刻木頭,製造各種藝術工程。 33And in engraving stones, and in carpenters' work. Whatsoever can be devised artificially,
34上主又賜給他和丹支派的阿希撒瑪客的兒子敖曷里雅布領導的才能, 34He hath given in his heart: Ooliab also the son of Achisamech of the tribe of Dan:
35使他們充滿藝術的才能,能雕刻刺繡,並用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和細麻作繡花及編織的各種工作,能做各種工程,能設計圖案。」 35Both of them hath he instructed with wisdom, to do carpenters' work and tapestry, and embroidery in blue and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine linen, and to weave all things, and to invent all new things.



35:1-3
由本章至39:31,记载以色列子民如何建造了天主藉梅瑟所吩咐的一切。关於安息日,参阅31:12-17。

35:4-9
关於献礼,参阅25:3-7。

35:10-19
关於技术人才,参阅31:6-11。

35:20-29
关於献仪,参阅25:2-9。

35:30-35
关於工程师和技工,参阅31:1-6。












出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 36
1貝匝肋耳和敖曷里雅布以及所有各種技工,即上主賜給他們才能智慧為明瞭做聖所的一切工程的人,全按照上主所吩咐的一切去做。 1Beseleel, therefore, and Ooliab, and every wise man, to whom the Lord gave wisdom and understanding, to know how to work artificially, made the things that are necessary for the uses of the sanctuary, and which the Lord commanded.
2梅瑟將貝匝肋耳和敖曷里雅布以及上主賜給他們才能的一切技工,並所有心甘情願前來工作的人,都叫了來。 2And when Moses had called them, and every skillful man, to whom the Lord had given wisdom, and such as of their own accord had offered themselves to the making of the work,
3他們當著梅瑟的面,接收了以色列子民為建造聖所的各種工程送來的一切獻儀。但以色列子民仍天天早晨將自願的獻儀送來; 3He delivered all the offerings of the children of Israel unto them. And while they were earnest about the work, the people daily in the morning offered their vows.
4因此建造聖所各種工程的技工,人人都停止他們所做的工程, 4Whereupon the workmen being constrained to come,
5來向梅瑟說:「百姓送來的太多,已超過上主命令為完成這工程所需要的。」 5Said to Moses: The people offereth more than is necessary.
6梅瑟遂吩咐在營中傳令說:「無論男女,不必再為聖所的工程送獻儀。」百姓這才停止不送。 6Moses therefore commanded proclamation to be made by the crier's voice: Let neither man nor woman offer any more for the work of the sanctuary. And so they ceased from offering gifts,
7送來的材料足夠全工程之用,而且有餘。 7Because the things that were offered did suffice, and were too much.
8在作工的人中,最有技術的工人用十幅布幔做了帳棚;布幔是用捻的細麻,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線做的,用繡工繡上革魯賓。 8And all the men that were wise of heart, to accomplish the work of the tabernacle, made ten curtains of twisted fine linen, and violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, with varied work, and the art of embroidering:
9每幅布幔長二十八肘,寬四肘;每幅布幔都是一樣的尺寸。 9The length of one curtain was twenty-eight cubits, and the breadth four: all the curtains were of the same size.
10五幅布幔相連縫在一起,另五幅相連縫在一起。 10And he joined five curtains, one to another, and the other five he coupled one to another.
11在這一組布幔末幅的邊上做了紫色的鈕,在另一組布幔末幅的邊上也照樣做了; 11He made also loops of violet in the edge of the curtain on both sides, and in the edge of the other curtain in like manner,
12在這一幅上做了五十個鈕,在另一組布幔末幅的邊上,也做了五十個鈕;這些鈕都彼此相對。 12That the loops might meet on against another, and might be joined each with the other.
13又做了五十個金鉤,用金鉤使布幔彼此相連,這樣成了一個帳棚。 13Whereupon also he cast fifty rings of gold, that might catch the loops of the curtains, and they might be made one tabernacle.
14又用山羊毛做了布幔,作帳棚頂用,共做了十一幅布幔, 14He made also eleven curtains of goats' hair, to cover the roof of the tabernacle:
15每幅長三十肘,寬四肘;十一幅布幔都是一樣的尺寸。 15One curtain was thirty cubits long and four cubits broad: all the curtains were of one measure.
16將五幅布幔縫在一起, 16Five of which he joined apart, and the other six apart.
17將另六幅也縫在一起;在這一組布幔末幅的邊上做了五十個鈕,在另一組布幔末幅的一邊上,也做了五十個鈕; 17And he made fifty loops in the edge of one curtain, and fifty in the edge of another curtain, that they might be joined one to another.
18又製了五十個銅鉤,使棚頂連結在一起,成為一個。 18And fifty buckles of brass wherewith the roof might be knit together, that of all the curtains there might be made one covering.
19以後用染紅的公羊皮作了棚頂的罩,上邊又蒙上一塊海豚皮的罩。 19He made also a cover for the tabernacle of rams' skins dyed red: and another cover over that of violet skins.
20為支帳棚,用皂莢木做了豎立的木板。 20He made also the boards of the tabernacle of setim wood standing.
21每塊木板高十肘,寬一肘半。 21The length of one board was ten cubits: and the breadth was one cubit and a half.
22每塊木板下有兩個筍頭彼此並列;帳棚的一切木板,都是這樣做。 22There were two mortises throughout every board, that one might be joined to the other. And in this manner he made for all the boards of the tabernacle.
23支帳棚的木板,在向陽的一面,即南邊,做了二十塊木板; 23Of which twenty were at the south side southward,
24在二十塊木板下邊做了四十個銀卯座,每塊木板下兩個銀卯座,為安木板的兩筍頭。 24With forty sockets of silver, two sockets were put under one board on the two sides of the corners, where the mortises of the sides end in the corners.
25為帳棚的另一面,即北邊,也做了二十塊木板, 25At that side also of the tabernacle, that looketh toward the north, he made twenty boards.
26也做了四十個銀卯座,每塊木板下兩個卯座。 26With forty sockets of silver, two sockets for every board.
27為帳棚的後面,即西邊做了六塊木板。 27But against the west, to wit, at that side of the tabernacle, which looketh to the sea, he made six boards,
28在帳棚的後面的兩角上,做了兩塊木板, 28And two others at each corner of the tabernacle behind:
29木板下端是雙的,直到上端第一環都是雙的;兩塊木板都照樣做了,形成兩個角。 29Which were also joined from beneath unto the top, and went together into one joint. Thus he did on both sides at the corners:
30所以共有八塊木板,十六個銀卯座,每塊板下兩個卯座。 30So there were in all eight boards and they had sixteen sockets of silver, to wit, two sockets under every board.
31又用皂莢木做了橫木為帳棚這一面木板做了五根, 31He made also bars of setim wood, five to hold together the boards of one side of the tabernacle,
32為帳棚另一面木板,也做了五根橫木,為帳棚後面即西邊的木板,也做了五根橫木。 32And five others to join together the boards of the other side: and besides these, five other bars at the west side of the tabernacle towards the sea.
33又做了木板中間的那根橫木,從這頭穿到那頭。 33He made also another bar, that might come by the midst of the boards from corner to corner.
34木板上包了金;做了穿橫木的金環,橫木上也包了金。 34And the board works themselves he overlaid with gold, casting for them sockets of silver. And their rings he made of gold, through which the bars might be drawn: and he covered the bars themselves with plates of gold.
35隨後用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻,做了一個帳幔,用繡工繡上革魯賓。 35He made also a veil of violet, and purple, scarlet, and fine twisted linen, varied and distinguished with embroidery:
36為掛帳幔做了四根皂莢木柱子,包上金,柱釘是金的,又鑄了四個銀卯座。 36And four pillars of setim wood, which with their heads be overlaid with gold, casting for them sockets of silver.
37又做了會幕的門簾,是用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻編成的。 37He made also a hanging in the entry of the tabernacle of violet, purple, scarlet, and fine twisted linen, with the work of an embroiderer.
38為掛門簾,又做了五根柱子和柱釘,柱帽和橫棍包了金;又作了五個銅卯座。 38And five pillars with their heads, which he covered with gold, and their sockets he cast of brass.



36:1-7
36-39四章是叙述如何实现了25-30章所记的事。

36:8-38
关於8-38节,参阅26:1-37。

















出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 37
1貝匝肋耳用皂莢木做了一個櫃,長二肘半,寬一肘半,高一肘半, 1And Beseleel made also the ark of setim wood: it was two cubits and a half in length, and a cubit and a half in breadth, and the height was of one cubit and a half: and he overlaid it with the purest gold within and without.
2裡外包上了純金,周圍做了金花邊。 2And he made to it a crown of gold round about,
3鑄了四個金環,安在四個腳上:這邊兩個,那邊兩個。 3Casting four rings of gold at the four corners thereof: two rings in one side, and two in the other.
4又用皂莢木做了杠桿,包上了金。 4And he made bars of setim wood, which he overlaid with gold,
5將杠桿穿入櫃邊的環內,作抬櫃之用。 5And he put them into the rings that were at the sides of the ark to carry it.
6又用純金做了贖罪蓋,長二肘半,寬一肘半。 6He made also the propitiatory, that is, the oracle, of the purest gold, two cubits and a half in length, and a cubit and a half in breadth.
7又做了一對金革魯賓,由贖罪蓋兩端用鎚工做成; 7Two cherubims also of beaten gold, which he set on the two sides of the propitiatory:
8在這端做了一個革魯賓,在那端做了一個革魯賓;贖罪蓋兩端的革魯賓與贖罪蓋連在一起; 8One cherub in the top of one side, and the other cherub in the top of the other side: two cherubims at the two ends of the propitiatory,
9革魯賓的翅膀,伸展其上,翅膀遮著贖罪蓋;他們的臉彼此相對,面朝贖罪蓋。 9Spreading their wings, and covering the propitiatory, and looking one towards the other, and towards it.
10又用皂莢木做了供桌,長二肘,寬一肘,高一肘半, 10He made also the table of setim wood, in length two cubits, and in breadth one cubit, and in height it was a cubit and a half.
11包上了純金,周圍做了金花邊, 11And he overlaid it with the finest gold, and he made to it a golden ledge round about.
12周圍做了一掌寬的框子,框子四周,也做了金花邊。 12And to the ledge itself he made a polished crown of gold, of four fingers' breadth, and upon the same another golden crown.
13又鑄了四個金環,將金環安在桌四腳的角上。 13And he cast four rings of gold, which he put in the four corners at each foot of the table,
14環子靠近框子,為穿抬供桌的杠桿。 14Over against the crown: and he put the bars into them, that the table might be carried.
15又用皂莢木做了杠桿,包上金,為抬供桌之用。 15And the bars also themselves he made of setim wood, and overlaid them with gold,
16又用純金做了供桌上的器物:盤、碟、杯和為奠祭用的爵。 16And the vessels for the divers uses of the table, dishes, bowls, and cups, and censers of pure gold, wherein the libations are to be offered.
17又用純金做了燈台:燈台同燈座以及燈幹,全用鎚工做成;花朵,即花托和花瓣,都由燈台發出。 17He made also the candlestick of beaten work of the finest gold. From the shaft whereof its branches, its cups, and bowls, and lilies came out:
18燈台兩面發出了六叉:這面三叉,那面三叉。 18Six on the two sides: three branches on one side, and three on the other.
19在一叉上,有像杏花的三朵花,都有花托和花瓣;在另一叉上也有像杏花的三朵花,都有花托和花瓣;由燈台發出的六叉都是一樣。 19Three cups in manner of a nut on each branch, and bowls withal and lilies; and three cups of the fashion of a nut in another branch, and bowls withal and lilies. The work of the six branches that went out from the shaft of the candlestick was equal.
20在燈台的直幹上,有像杏花的四個花朵,都有花托和花瓣。 20And in the shaft itself were four cups after the manner of a nut, and bowls withal at every one, and lilies:
21由燈幹發出的每兩叉之下,各有一個花朵;從燈幹發出的六個叉都是如此。 21And bowls under two branches in three places, which together make six branches going out from one shaft.
22這些花朵和燈叉,都從燈台發出,全是用整塊純金搥成。 22So both the bowls, and the branches were of the same, all beaten work of the purest gold.
23又做了燈台上的七盞燈,以及純金的燈剪和碟子。 23He made also the seven lamps with their snuffers, and the vessels where the snuffings were to be put out, of the purest gold.
24為做燈台和一切用具,用了一塔冷通純金。 24The candlestick with all the vessels thereof weighed a talent of gold.
25以後用皂莢木做了香壇,長一肘,寬一肘,方形,高二肘,四角從壇上突出。 25He made also the altar of incense of setim wood, being a cubit on every side foursquare, and in height two cubits: from the corners of which went out horns.
26又用純金包了壇、壇的上面、四壁、周圍和四角;壇周圍做了金花邊。 26And he overlaid it with the purest gold, with its grate and the sides, and the horns.
27壇兩側花邊下,做了兩個金環,兩面都有,為穿杠桿抬壇之用。 27And he made to it a crown of gold round about, and two golden rings under the crown at each side, that the bars might be put into them, and the altar be carried.
28又用皂莢木做了杠桿,包上了金。 28And the bars themselves he made also of setim wood, and overlaid them with plates of gold.
29以後又以配製香料的方法,做了為傅禮用的聖油,和為焚香用的純香料。 29He compounded also the oil for the ointment of sanctification, and incense of the purest spices, according to the work of a perfumer.



37:1-9
关於约柜,参阅25:10-22。

37:10-16
关於供桌,参阅25:23-30。

37:17-24
关於灯台,参阅25:31-40

37:25-29
关於香坛,参阅30:1-5。
















出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 38
1用皂莢木做了全燔祭壇,長五肘,寬五肘,方形,高三肘。 1He made also the altar of holocaust of setim wood, five cubits square, and three in height:
2在祭壇四角上做了四翹角,四翹角由祭壇突出;祭壇包上了銅。 2The horns whereof went out from the corners, and he overlaid it with plates of brass.
3以後做了祭壇的一切用具:盆、鏟、盤、肉叉和火盆:這一切用具是銅做的。 3And for the uses thereof, he prepared divers vessels of brass, cauldrons, tongs, fleshhooks, pothooks, and firepans.
4為祭壇做了一架銅格子,好像網的製法,安在祭壇下方的圍腰下,直到祭壇半腰。 4And he made the grate thereof of brass, in manner of a net, and under it in the midst of the altar a hearth,
5又鑄了四個環子,安在銅格子的四角上,為穿杠桿用。 5Casting four rings at the four ends of the net at the top, to put in bars to carry it.
6用皂莢木做了杠桿,包了銅。 6And he made the bars of setim wood, and overlaid them with plates of brass:
7把杠桿穿入祭壇兩側的環子內,好抬祭壇;祭壇是用木板做的,中心是空的。 7And he drew them through the rings that stood out in the sides of the altar. And the altar itself was not solid, but hollow, of boards, and empty within.
8又用在會幕門口服務的婦女所用的銅鏡,做了銅盆以及盆座。 8He made also the laver of brass, with the foot thereof, of the mirrors of the women that watch at the door of the tabernacle.
9築了庭院:為向陽的一面,即南面,用捻的細麻做了帷幔,共一百肘, 9He made also the court, in the south side whereof were hangings of fine twisted linen, of a hundred cubits,
10柱子二十根,銅卯座二十個;柱鉤和橫棍是銀的。 10Twenty pillars of brass with their sockets, the heads of the pillars, and the whole graving of the work, of silver.
11北面的帷幔也是一百肘,柱子二十根,銅卯座二十個;柱鉤和橫棍是銀的。 11In like manner at the north side the hangings, the pillars, and the sockets and heads of the pillars were of the same measure, and work and metal.
12西面的帷幔共五十肘,柱子十根,卯座十個;柱鉤和橫棍是銀的。 12But on that side that looketh to the west, there were hangings of fifty cubits, ten pillars of brass with their sockets, and the heads of the pillars, and all the graving of the work, of silver.
13前面,即東面,共五十肘; 13Moreover towards the east he prepared hangings of fifty cubits:
14這邊的帷幔十五肘,柱子三根,卯座三個; 14Fifteen cubits of which were on one side with three pillars, and their sockets:
15那邊也是如此。庭院門口的兩邊,皆有帷幔十五肘,柱子三根,卯座三個。 15And on the other side (for between the two he made the entry of the tabernacle) there were hangings equally of fifteen cubits, and three pillars, and as many sockets.
16庭院四周所有的帷幔,都是用捻的細麻編成的。 16All the hangings of the court were woven with twisted linen.
17柱的卯座是銅的,柱鉤和橫棍是銀的,柱帽包上了銀;庭院所有的柱子都用銀橫棍連貫起來。 17The sockets of the pillars were of brass, and their heads with all their gravings of silver: and he overlaid the pillars of the court also with silver.
18庭院的門簾是用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻編成的,寬二十肘,高五肘,與庭院的帷幔高度相等。 18And he made in the entry thereof an embroidered hanging of violet, purple, scarlet, and fine twisted linen, that was twenty cubits long, and five cubits high according to the measure of all the hangings of the court.
19門簾的柱子四根,銅卯座四個,銀柱鉤;柱帽包上了銀,橫棍是銀的。 19And the pillars in the entry were four with sockets of brass, and their heads and gravings of silver.
20帳棚和庭院的一切橛子是銅的。 20The pins also of the tabernacle and of the court round about he made of brass.
21以下是為立帳棚即會幕的總賬,是照梅瑟的命令,肋未人在司祭亞郎的兒子依塔瑪爾指導下所計算的:── 21These are the instruments of the tabernacle of the testimony, which were counted according to the commandment of Moses, in the ceremonies of the Levites, by the hand of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest:
22猶大支派烏黎的兒子,胡爾的孫子貝匝肋耳完成了上主吩咐梅瑟的一切; 22Which Beseleel the son of Uri the son of Hur of the tribe of Juda had made as the Lord commanded by Moses,
23與他同事的有丹支派阿希撒瑪客的兒子敖曷里雅布,他會雕刻,會設計,會用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和細麻織繡。 23Having for his companion Ooliab the son of Achisamech of the tribe of Dan: who also was an excellent artificer in wood, and worker in tapestry and embroidery in violet, purple, scarlet, and fine linen.
24為建造聖所整個工程所使用的金子,即獻的金子,按聖所的衡量,共計二十九『塔冷通』零七百三十『協刻耳』。 24All the gold that was spent in the work of the sanctuary, and that was offered in gifts was nine and twenty talents, and seven hundred and thirty sicles according to the standard of the sanctuary.
25會眾登記者所繳納的銀子,按聖所的衡量,共計一百『塔冷通』零一千七百七十五『協刻耳』。 25And it was offered by them that went to be numbered, from twenty years old and upwards, of six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty men able to bear arms.
26凡二十歲以上來登記的,共六十萬三千五百五十人;每人繳納一『貝卡』,按聖所的衡量,合半『協刻耳』。 26There were moreover a hundred talents of silver, whereof were cast the sockets of the sanctuary, and of the entry where the veil hangeth.
27為鑄聖所的卯座和門簾的卯座,用了一百『塔冷通』銀子:一百卯座,用一百『塔冷通』銀子,一『塔冷通』鑄一卯座。 27A hundred sockets were made of a hundred talents, one talent being reckoned for every socket.
28用那一千七百七十五『協刻耳』銀子做了柱鉤,包了柱帽,並做了接連柱子的橫棍。 28And of the thousand seven hundred and seventy-five he made the heads of the pillars, which also he overlaid with silver.
29所奉獻的銅,共計七十『塔冷通』零二千四百『協刻耳』。 29And there were offered of brass also seventy-two thousand talents, and four hundred sicles besides.
30用此銅做了會幕門口的卯座、銅壇和壇下的銅格子,並壇的一切用具, 30Of which were cast the sockets in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony, and the altar of brass with the grate thereof, and all the vessels that belong to the use thereof.
31庭院四周的卯座,庭院門口的卯座,帳棚所有的橛子,以及庭院四周所有的橛子。 31And the sockets of the court as well round about as in the entry thereof, and the pins of the tabernacle and of the court round about.



38:1-7
关於全燔祭坛,参阅27:1-8

38:9-20
关於庭院,参阅27:9-19。

38:21-31
21-31节,明显是日後的增补。献仪的数字有渲染之处;圣所的衡量也是日後的名称。


出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 39
1以後用紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線,做了聖所內行禮穿的祭服,也做了為亞郎穿的聖衣,全照上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 1And he made, of violet and purple, scarlet and fine linen, the vestments for Aaron to wear when he ministered in the holy places, as the Lord commanded Moses.
2用金線,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻,做了厄弗得, 2So he made an ephod of gold, violet, and purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen.
3就是將金子鎚成了薄片,切成細線,以織工編織在紫色、紅色、朱紅色毛線和細麻之中。 3With embroidered work: and he cut thin plates of gold, and drew them small into threads, that they might be twisted with the woof of the aforesaid colours,
4為厄弗得做了肩帶結在厄弗得的兩端,連結在一起。 4And two borders coupled one to the other in the top on either side,
5那將厄弗得束在身上的帶子像厄弗得一樣做成,與厄弗得連在一起,是用金線,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線和捻的細麻做成的,全按上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 5And a girdle of the same colours, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
6將兩塊紅瑪瑙石修好嵌在金框內,以刻印之法雕刻了以色列的兒子們的名字。 6He prepared also two onyx stones, fast set and closed in gold, and graven by the art of a lapidary, with the names of the children of Israel:
7將金框安在厄弗得的肩帶上,作為以色列子民的記念石,全照上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 7And he set them in the sides of the ephod for a memorial of the children of Israel, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
8又以繡工用金線,紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線及捻的細麻做了胸牌,像做厄弗得一樣。 8He made also a rational with embroidered work, according to the work of the ephod, of gold, violet, purple, and scarlet twice dyed, and fine twisted linen,
9做的胸牌是方形的,雙層,一拃長,一拃寬。 9Foursquare, double, of the measure of a span.
10上面安裝了四行寶石:第一行:赤玉、青玉、翡翠; 10And he set four rows of precious stones in it. In the first row was a sardius, a topaz, and emerald.
11第二行:紫寶石、藍玉、金鋼石; 11In the second, a carbuncle, a sapphire, and a jasper.
12第三行:黃瑪瑙、白瑪瑙、紫晶; 12In the third, a ligurius, an agate, and an amethyst.
13第四行:黃玉、紅瑪瑙、水蒼玉:這些寶石都鑲在金框內。 13In the fourth, a chrysolite, an onyx, and a beryl, set and enclosed in gold by their rows.
14寶石上有以色列的兒子們的名字,按他們的名字共十二塊;按刻印的方法,每塊刻上一個名字,代表十二支派。 14And the twelve stones were engraved with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel, each one with its several name.
15在胸牌上做了金的鏈子,像繩子一樣擰成。 15They made also in the rational little chains linked one to another of the purest gold,
16又做了兩個金框和兩個金環;將兩個金環安在胸牌的兩端。 16And two hooks, and as many rings of gold. And they set the rings on either side of the rational,
17將兩條金鏈結在胸牌兩端的環子上。 17On which rings the two golden chains should hang, which they put into the hooks that stood out in the corners of the ephod.
18把兩條鏈子的另兩端結在兩框子上;把兩框子結在厄弗得肩帶的前面。 18These both before and behind so answered one another, that the ephod and the rational were bound together,
19又做了兩個金環,安在胸牌下兩端,靠近厄弗得的內邊緣上。 19Being fastened to the girdle and strongly coupled with rings, which a violet fillet joined, lest they should flag loose, and be moved one from the other, as the Lord commanded Moses.
20還做了兩個金環,安在厄弗得的前面肩帶的下邊,靠近厄弗得帶子的上邊與肩帶相結連的地方。 20They made also the tunick of the ephod all of violet,
21用一根紫繩,把胸牌的環子繫在厄弗得的環子上,使胸牌結在厄弗得的帶子上,免得胸牌在厄弗得上移動:全照上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 21And a hole for the head in the upper part at the middle, and a woven border round about the hole:
22以後又為厄弗得做了一件無袖長袍,是織成的,全為紫色。 22And beneath at the feet pomegranates of violet, purple, scarlet, and fine twisted linen:
23長袍中間有一領口,像戰袍的領口;領口周圍鑲上邊,免得破裂。 23And little bells of the purest gold, which they put between the pomegranates at the bottom of the tunick round about:
24又在長袍底邊上,用捻的紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線做了石榴; 24To wit, a bell of gold, and a pomegranate, wherewith the high priest went adorned, when he discharged his ministry, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
25又用純金做了鈴鐺,將鈴鐺繫在長袍底邊周圍的石榴中間, 25They made also fine linen tunicks with woven work for Aaron and his sons:
26如此在長袍底邊周圍,一個鈴鐺,一個石榴;一個鈴鐺,一個石榴,為行敬禮穿:全照上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 26And mitres with their little crowns of fine linen:
27以後為亞郎和他的兒子們做了細麻長衣,是織成的。 27And linen breeches of fine linen:
28也做了細麻的禮冠,細麻的華麗頭巾,捻的細麻布褲子; 28And a girdle of fine twisted linen, violet, purple, and scarlet twice dyed, of embroidery work, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
29又用捻的細麻及紫色、紅色、朱紅色的毛線編織了腰帶:全按上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 29They made also the plate of sacred veneration of the purest gold, and they wrote on it with the engraving of a lapidary, The Holy of the Lord:
30又用純金做了聖冠上的牌子,在上面像雕刻印章,刻上了「祝聖於上主」。 30And they fastened it to the mitre with a violet fillet, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
31又用紫色繩子將這牌子繫在禮冠上:全按上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 31So all the work of the tabernacle and of the roof of the testimony was finished: and the children of Israel did all things which the Lord had commanded Moses.
32帳棚、會幕的一切工程都完成了;凡上主向梅瑟所吩咐的,以色列子民都照做了。 32And they offered the tabernacle and the roof and the whole furniture, the rings, the boards, the bars, the pillars, and their sockets,
33他們遂把帳棚運到梅瑟前,即帳幕和帳幕的一切用具:鉤子、木板、橫木、柱子、卯座, 33The cover of rams' skins dyed red, and the other cover of violet skins,
34染紅的公山羊皮的頂罩,海豚皮的頂罩,作屏障的帳幔, 34The veil, the ark, the bars, the propitiatory,
35約櫃和杠桿,贖罪蓋, 35The table, with the vessels thereof, and the loaves of proposition:
36供桌和桌上的一切用具,供餅, 36The candlestick, the lamps, and the furniture of them with the oil:
37純金的燈台與燈盞,即擺在燈台上的燈盞及其一切用具,燈油, 37The altar of gold, and the ointment, and the incense of spices:
38金祭壇,傅禮的油,韾香的香料,帳棚的門簾, 38And the hanging in the entry of the tabernacle:
39銅祭壇、祭壇的銅格子、杠桿和一切用具,盆和盆座, 39The altar of brass, the grate, the bars, and all the vessels thereof: the laver with the foot thereof: the hangings of the court, and the pillars with their sockets:
40庭院的帷幔、柱子和卯座,庭院的門簾、繩子和橛子,以及一切為會幕聖所內使用的器皿; 40The hanging in the entry of the court, and the little cords, and the pins thereof. Nothing was wanting of the vessels, that were commanded to be made for the ministry of the tabernacle, and for the roof of the covenant.
41聖所內行禮的祭服,司祭亞郎的聖衣,和他兒子們盡司祭職的衣服: 41The vestments also, which the priests, to wit, Aaron and his sons, used in the sanctuary,
42以色列子民所作的一切工程,全是照上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 42The children of Israel offered as the Lord had commanded.
43梅瑟查看了一切工程,見他們所行的,完全是照上主所吩咐的,遂祝福了他們。 43And when Moses saw all things finished, he blessed them.



39:2-7
关於「厄弗得」,参阅28:6-14。

39:8-21
关於胸牌,参阅28:15-30。

39:27-31
关於司祭的衣服,参阅28:31-43。

39:43
梅瑟祝福百姓,表现他作中保的尊威,说明他「在天主的全家中,确是忠信的」(希3:5)。















出谷紀 Exodus Chapter 40
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「正月初一,你要豎立會幕的帳棚。 2The first month, the first day of the month, thou shalt set up the tabernacle of the testimony,
3把約櫃安放在裡面,用帷幔將約櫃遮起。 3And shalt put the ark in it, and shalt let down the veil before it:
4把供桌搬進,擺上當供之物;把燈台搬進,安放上燈盞。 4And thou shalt bring in the table, and set upon it the things that are commanded according to the rite. The candlestick shall stand with its lamps,
5把焚香的金壇安放在約櫃前邊,懸上帳棚的門簾。 5And the altar of gold whereon the incense is burnt, before the ark of the testimony. Thou shalt put the hanging in the entry of the tabernacle,
6把全燔祭壇安置在會幕門口, 6And before it the altar of holocaust:
7把盆安置在會幕和祭壇之中,盆裡放上水。 7The laver between the altar and the tabernacle, and thou shalt fill it with water.
8隨後豎立庭院四周的帷幔,懸上庭院的門簾。 8And thou shalt encompass the court with hangings, and the entry thereof.
9以後拿傅禮的油,給帳棚和其中的一切器具傅油,祝聖帳棚和其中的一切器具,使之成為聖物: 9And thou shalt take the oil of unction and anoint the tabernacle with its vessels, that they may be sanctified:
10即給全燔祭壇及其一切用具傅油,祝聖祭壇,使之成為至聖的; 10The altar of holocaust and all its vessels:
11給盆和盆座傅油,使之成聖。 11The laver with its foot: thou shalt consecrate all with the oil of unction, that they may be most holy.
12以後叫亞郎和他的兒子們來近會幕門口,用水洗他們。 12And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons to the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, and having washed them with water,
13給亞郎穿上聖衣,給他傅油,祝聖他作我的司祭。 13Thou shalt put on them the holy vestments, that they may minister to me, and that the unction of them may prosper to an everlasting priesthood.
14再叫他的兒子們前來,給他們穿上長衣, 14And Moses did all that the Lord had commanded.
15像給他們的父親傅油一樣,也給他們傅油,叫他們作我的司祭。給他們行傅油禮,表示他們世世代代,永遠盡司祭之職。 15So in the first month of the second year, the first day of the month, the tabernacle was set up.
16梅瑟奉行了一切;上主怎樣吩咐的,他就怎樣作了。 16And Moses reared it up, and placed the boards and the sockets and the bars, and set up the pillars,
17於是第二年正月初一,帳棚就豎立起來了。 17And spread the roof over the tabernacle, putting over it a cover, as the Lord had commanded.
18梅瑟豎立了帳棚,安上卯座,放上木板,安上橫木,豎起柱子。 18And he put the testimony in the ark, thrusting bars underneath, and the oracle above.
19將幕頂展開放在帳棚上,將幕頂的罩放在上面,全照上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 19And when he had brought the ark into the tabernacle, he drew the veil before it to fulfill the commandment of the Lord.
20隨後取了約版放在櫃內,櫃旁穿上杠桿,將贖罪蓋安在約櫃上面。 20And he set the table in the tabernacle of the testimony at the north side without the veil,
21將櫃抬到帳棚內,懸上帳幔,遮住約櫃,如上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 21Setting there in order the loaves of proposition, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
22以後把供桌放在會幕內,放在帳棚北面,帳幔以外; 22He set the candlestick also in the tabernacle of the testimony over against the table on the south side,
23在桌上於上主前擺上供餅,如上主吩咐梅瑟的。 23Placing the lamps in order, according to the precept of the Lord.
24把燈台安置在會幕內,對著供桌,在帳棚南面。 24He set also the altar of gold under the roof of the testimony over against the veil,
25在上主前放上燈盞,如上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 25And burnt upon it the incense of spices, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
26把金祭壇安置在會幕內,帳幔的前邊。 26And he put also the hanging in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony,
27在壇上燃燒馨香的香料,如上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 27And the altar of holocaust of the entry of the testimony, offering the holocaust, and the sacrifices upon it, as the Lord had commanded.
28又懸起帳棚的門簾。 28And he set the laver between the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar, filling it with water.
29將全燔祭台安放在會幕門口,在上面奉獻全燔祭和素祭,如上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 29And Moses and Aaron, and his sons washed their hands and feet,
30將盆安置在會幕和祭壇之中,盆內放了水,為洗濯之用。 30When they went into the tabernacle of the covenant, and went to the altar, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
31梅瑟、亞郎和他的兒子們在盆內洗腳。 31He set up also the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, drawing the hanging in the entry thereof. After all things were perfected,
32他們進入會幕或接近祭壇時,必先洗濯,如上主向梅瑟所吩咐的。 32The cloud covered the tabernacle of the testimony, and the glory of the Lord filled it.
33隨後在帳棚和祭壇四周,豎起了庭院的帷幔,懸起了庭院的門簾:這樣梅瑟完成了所有的工程。 33Neither could Moses go into the tabernacle of the covenant, the cloud covering all things and the majesty of the Lord shining, for the cloud had covered all.
34那時雲彩遮蓋了會幕,上主的榮耀充滿了帳棚。 34If at any time the cloud removed from the tabernacle, the children of Israel went forward by their troops:
35梅瑟不能進入會幕,因為雲彩停在上面,上主的榮耀充滿了帳棚。 35If it hung over, they remained in the same place.
36在以色列子民整個的行程中,雲彩一從帳棚升起,他們就拔營前行; 36For the cloud of the Lord hung over the tabernacle by day, and a fire by night, in the sight of all the children of Israel throughout all their mansions.
37雲彩若不升起,他們就安營不動,直等雲彩升起。 37
38在他們整個行程中,上主的雲彩白天停在帳棚上,黑夜在雲中有火,以色列全家都能見到。 38



40:1-38
本章可作25-39章的结论,记载梅瑟依照天主的命令,嶺立了帐棚、会幕和祭坛。最後天主在云彩和荣耀中,接受了会幕,作为他亲临的圣所。云彩和荣耀象徵天主的亲临,使百姓坚信天主时常住在他们中间(13:21,22; 24:16,17)。
肋未紀 Leviticus 引言
引言

《五書》第三部,詳述司祭的職務和祭祀禮儀法規。此書稱為《肋未紀》,是因為選民的司祭是出自雅各伯的第三子肋未支派子孫的原故。

為明瞭這些法律的真意,應知天主立以色列人為選民的時候,要他們作「司祭的國家,聖潔的國民」(出19:6);他們應以聖潔的生活,把自己獻於天主。但因人的本性具有靈魂和肉身,尤其人是社會的動物,只有內心的虔敬不夠,外面也應有所表現,如舉行各種祭獻的儀式,慶祝不同的慶節等,以表達人對天主的敬心誠意。猶如我國古時祭天祀祖的種種儀式和禮規,載於《禮記》中;同樣,《肋未紀》也可說是以色列人的《禮記》。本書除了記述為恭敬天主當守的慶節,當舉行各種祭獻儀式外,還制定了祝聖司祭的儀式,以及司祭們應盡的義務,和所享的權利,而且也定了百姓應守的潔淨法律;這些規定在於衛護百姓的純正信仰和聖潔生活。

無疑的,這「禮典」的淵源,是出於梅瑟在西乃山下給以色列子民所制定的法律。但是法律並不是一成不變的,而應隨時代的需要,環境的變遷,加以改進和修正;因此梅瑟以後的立法者和司祭們對古來的法典,按時代環境的需要有所修正或增刪。

本書所記載的一切祭祀和禮儀法規,都是暫時性的;舊約的祭獻和慶節只是「未來美物的影子」(希10:1)。這一切禮典的本身決不能除去人罪,而只在幫助百姓激發他們的信仰和希望,期待默西亞要賜與他們的救贖恩寵。救主耶穌一來,以他自作犧牲的祭獻,救贖了全人類,舊約的一切禮儀和法規也隨之廢除。不過肋未紀為新約的教會仍不失其意義,因為本書一再勸諭:「你們應是聖的,因為我是聖的」。這話為新約的信徒也是極寶貴的教訓(瑪5:48; 伯前1:16)。
肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 1
1上主叫了梅瑟來,由會幕中訓示他說: 1And the Lord called Moses, and spoke to him from the tabernacle of the testimony, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:你們中若有人願意由家畜中給上主奉獻祭品。應以牛羊作你們的祭品。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: The man among you that shall offer to the Lord a sacrifice of the cattle, that is, offering victims of oxen and sheep,
3若有人獻牛作全燔祭,該獻一頭無瑕的公牛,牽到會幕門口,為在上主面前蒙受悅納; 3If his offering be a holocaust, and of the herd, he shall offer a male without blemish, at the door of the testimony, to make the Lord favourable to him:
4先按手在全燔祭牲的頭上,使祭牲蒙受悅納,代自己贖罪。 4And he shall put his hand upon the head of the victim, and it shall be acceptable, and help to its expiation.
5以後在上主面前宰了那牛,亞郎的兒子司祭們,應奉獻牲血,將血灑在會幕門口的祭壇的四周。 5And he shall immolate the calf before the Lord, and the priests the sons of Aaron shall offer the blood thereof, pouring it round about the altar, which is before the door of the tabernacle.
6奉獻者剝去祭牲的皮,將犧牲切成塊。 6And when they have flayed the victim, they shall cut the joints into pieces,
7亞郎的兒子司祭們先將火放在祭壇上,火上擺上木柴; 7And shall put fire on the altar, having before laid in order a pile of wood:
8然後亞郎的兒子司祭們,將成塊的肉、頭和脂肪,擺在祭壇火上的木柴上。 8And they shall lay the parts that are cut out in order thereupon, to wit, the head, and all things that cleave to the liver,
9奉獻者應用水將內臟和小腿洗淨;司祭將這一切放在祭壇上焚燒,作為全燔祭,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 9The entrails and feet being washed with water: and the priest shall burn them upon the altar for a holocaust, and a sweet savour to the Lord.
10若有人獻羊作全燔祭,不論是綿羊,或是山羊,該獻一頭無瑕的公羊。 10And if the offering be of the flocks, a holocaust of sheep or of goats, he shall offer a male without blemish:
11應在上主面前,祭壇的北邊將牠宰了;亞郎的兒子司祭們,應將血灑在祭壇的四周。 11And he shall immolate it at the side of the altar that looketh to the north, before the Lord: but the sons of Aaron shall pour the blood thereof upon the altar round about:
12然後奉獻者應將祭牲切成塊,司祭將成塊的肉、頭和脂肪,擺在祭壇火上的木柴上。 12And they shall divide the joints, the head, and all that cleave to the liver: and shall lay them upon the wood, under which the fire is to be put:
13那人應用水將內臟和小腿洗淨;司祭將這一切,放在祭壇上焚燒,作為全燔祭,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 13But the entrails and the feet they shall wash with water. And the priest shall offer it all and burn it all upon the altar for a holocaust, and most sweet savour to the Lord.
14若有人給上主獻飛禽作全燔祭,該獻斑鳩或雛鴿作祭品。 14But if the oblation of a holocaust to the Lord be of birds, of turtles, or of young pigeons,
15司祭應將牠帶到祭壇前,扭斷牠的頭,放在祭壇上焚燒;先把牠的血靠在祭壇的旁邊擠盡, 15The priest shall offer it at the altar: and twisting back the neck, and breaking the place of the wound, he shall make the blood run down upon the brim of the altar.
16然後那人將嗉囊和羽毛拔去,丟在祭壇東邊倒灰的地方。 16But the crop of the throat, and the feathers he shall cast beside the altar at the east side, in the place where the ashes are wont to be poured out,
17然後司祭將犧牲由兩翼的中間撕開,但不可分離;放在祭壇火上的木柴上焚燒,作為全燔祭,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 17And he shall break the pinions thereof, and shall not cut, nor divide it with a knife, and shall burn it upon the altar, putting fire under the wood. It is a holocaust and oblation of most sweet savour to the Lord.



1:1-17
本章说明应如何举行全燔祭;全燔祭为人类最古的宗教敬礼(创8:20; 22:3,6,13);梅瑟只将祖先流传的一些习俗,比如在牺牲头上按手、去皮、切成块和放在祭坛上用火焚烧等礼节,而定为法律。应献的牺牲,除暗示以色列人的游牧生活外,还指出当时社会的各种阶级:富有者献牛犊,中等家庭可献羊,穷人则献飞禽。由所献的牺牲可推知,应献家畜,而禁止献野兽;应献洁净的,而不准献不洁的牲畜。举行全燔祭时,奉献者事前应作宰杀家畜及去皮等工作,而司祭则代行奉献及 血等礼。这些礼节日後稍有改变;但是全燔祭「代人赎罪」的意义(4节),从未改变。

1:14-17
斑鸠和雏鸽作祭品时,不切成块,但要撕裂,将血挤出,流在祭坛旁边。16节「羽毛」,有的译作「粪」。



















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 2
1若有人願意給上主奉獻素祭為祭品,他的祭品應用細麵,倒上油,放上乳香, 1When any one shall offer an oblation of sacrifice to the Lord, his offering shall be of fine flour, and he shall pour oil upon it, and put frankincense,
2拿來交給亞郎的兒子司祭們;司祭取出一把細麵和一些油,同所有的乳香,放在祭壇上焚燒,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭,為獲得記念。 2And shall bring it to the sons of Aaron the priests: and one of them shall take a handful of the flour and oil, and all the frankincense, and shall put it a memorial upon the altar for a most sweet savour to the Lord.
3剩下的素祭祭品,應歸亞郎和他的兒子們,因為是獻與上主火祭中的至聖之物。 3And the remnant of the sacrifice shall be Aaron's, and his sons', holy of holies of the offerings of the Lord.
4如果你願奉獻爐烤的祭品作素祭,應以油調的細麵做成的無酵餅,或抹油的無酵薄餅。 4But when thou offerest a sacrifice baked in the oven of flour, to wit, loaves without leaven, tempered with oil, and unleavened wafers, anointed with oil:
5若你的祭品是用烤盤做的素祭,該用油調的無酵細麵做成, 5If thy oblation be from the fryingpan, of flour tempered with oil, and without leaven,
6擘成塊,倒上油:這是素祭。 6Thou shalt divide it into little pieces, and shalt pour oil upon it.
7若你的祭品是用鍋煎的素祭,該用細麵和油製成。 7And if the sacrifice be from the gridiron, in like manner the flour shall be tempered with oil:
8當你把這樣做的素祭祭品獻給上主時,應交給司祭帶到祭壇前。 8And when thou offerest it to the Lord, thou shalt deliver it to the hands of the priest.
9司祭由素祭祭品中取出一份,放在祭壇上焚燒,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭,為獲得紀念。 9And when he hath offered it, he shall take a memorial out of the sacrifice, and burn it upon the altar for a sweet savour to the Lord.
10剩下的素祭祭品,應歸亞郎和他的兒子們,因為是獻與上主火祭中的至聖之物。 10And whatsoever is left, shall be Aaron's, and his sons', holy of holies of the offerings of the Lord.
11你們獻給上主的素祭,都應是無酵做的,因為凡是有酵有蜜的,都不應焚燒作為獻給上主的火祭; 11Every oblation that is offered to the Lord shall be made without leaven, neither shall any leaven or honey be burnt in the sacrifice to the Lord.
12但可當作初熟祭品獻給上主,只是不可獻在祭壇上,當作悅意馨香的祭品。 12You shall offer only the firstfruits of them and gifts: but they shall not be put upon the altar, for a savour of sweetness,
13此外,凡你獻的素祭祭品都應加上鹽,總不可讓你的素祭,缺少與你的天主結約的鹽;在你的一切祭品上,都應加上鹽奉獻。 13Whatsoever sacrifice thou offerest, thou shalt season it with salt, neither shalt thou take away the salt of the covenant of thy God from thy sacrifice. In all thy oblations thou shalt offer salt.
14若你給上主奉獻初熟之物作素祭,應奉獻火焙的新麥穗,或去殼的新榖粒,當作你初熟之物的素祭, 14But if thou offer a gift of the firstfruits of thy corn to the Lord, of the ears yet green, thou shalt dry it at the fire, and break it small like meal, and so shalt thou offer thy firstfruits to the Lord,
15再倒上油,放上乳香:這是素祭。 15Pouring oil upon it and putting on frankincense, because it is the oblation of the Lord.
16司祭取出一些麥粒和油並所有的乳香來焚燒,作為獻給上主的火祭,為獲得記念。 16Whereof the priest shall burn for a memorial of the gift, part of the corn broken small and of the oil, and all the frankincense.



2:1-3
所谓「素祭」,是指一切非禽兽类的祭品。向天主奉献素祭,也是人类最古的宗教敬礼(创4:3)。由於这些祭品有一部份在祭坛上焚烧,故也称为「火祭」。祭品有的是「圣的」,如和平祭的祭品;有的是「至圣的」,如赎罪祭和赎过祭的祭品、供饼(24:9)和乳香。圣的祭品,司祭及其家属可在清洁的地方吃;至圣的祭品,惟独众司祭可在会幕庭院内吃(户18:9,10)。凡接触了至圣祭品的,也成为圣的(出29:37;肋6:20,21)。应注意的是:一、素祭有时与全燔祭一起举行;二、乳香象徵奉献者的祈祷(默8:3,4);叁、盐有防腐的作用。祭品加上盐,表示天主与以色列人所缔结的盟约,永恒不渝(户18:19)。

2:11
古人有用蜜作酵母的。酵母有化合作用,使物变化,故视为不洁之物。

2:12-14
关於初熟之物所定的法律,参阅出23:16; 34:22;肋23:10;户18:13;不过这些法律,时有改变和增补。

















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 3
1若有人奉獻和平祭,如所獻的是牛,應在上主面前獻一頭無瑕的公牛或母牛, 1And if his oblation be a sacrifice of peace offerings, and he will offer of the herd, whether male or female, he shall offer them without blemish before the Lord.
2先按手在犧牲頭上,後在會幕門口宰了;亞郎的兒子司祭們,將血灑在祭壇四周。 2And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his victim, which shall be slain in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony, and the sons of Aaron the priests shall pour the blood round about upon the altar.
3由和平祭犧牲中,應取出獻與上主作火祭的是:遮蓋內臟的脂肪,和貼在內臟上所有的脂肪, 3And they shall offer of the sacrifice of peace offerings, for an oblation to the Lord, the fat that covereth the entrails, and all the fat that is within.
4左右兩腎和兩腎靠腰部的脂肪,以及同兩腎一起取出的肝葉。 4The two kidneys with the fat wherewith the flanks are covered, and the caul of the liver with the two little kidneys.
5亞郎的兒子們應將這一切放在祭壇上的柴火上,同全燔祭犧牲一起焚燒,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 5And they shall burn them upon the altar, for a holocaust, putting fire under the wood: for an oblation of most sweet savour to the Lord.
6若有人給上主奉獻一隻羊作和平祭犧牲,應奉獻一隻無瑕的公羊或母羊。 6But if his oblation and the sacrifice of peace offering be of the flock, whether he offer male or female, they shall be without blemish.
7如果奉獻一隻綿羊作犧牲,應將牠牽到上主面前, 7If he offer a lamb before the Lord,
8先按手在犧牲頭上,後在會幕前宰了;亞郎的兒子將血灑在祭壇四周。 8He shall put his hand upon the head of his victim: and it shall be slain in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony: and the sons of Aaron shall pour the blood thereof round about upon the altar.
9那人由和平祭犧牲中應取出脂肪作獻與上主的火祭:即靠脊骨割下的整個肥尾,遮蓋內臟的脂肪,貼在內臟上所有的脂肪, 9And they shall offer of the victim of peace offerings a sacrifice to the Lord: the fat and the whole rump,
10左右兩腎和兩腎上靠腰部的脂肪,以及同兩腎一起取出的肝葉。 10With the kidneys, and the fat that covereth the belly and all the vitals and both the little kidneys, with the fat that is about the flanks, and the caul of the liver with the little kidneys.
11司祭應將這一切放在祭壇上焚燒,有如食物,作為獻與上主的火祭。 11And the priest shall burn them upon the altar, for the food of the fire, and of the oblation of the Lord.
12如果奉獻的祭品是一隻山羊,應將牠牽到上主前, 12If his offering be a goat, and he offer it to the Lord,
13先按手在犧牲頭上,後在會幕前宰了;亞郎的兒子們將血灑在祭壇四周。 13He shall put his hand upon the head thereof: and shall immolate it in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony. And the sons of Aaron shall pour the blood thereof round about upon the altar.
14那人由這犧牲中應取出獻與上主作火祭的是:遮蓋內臟的脂肪,貼在內臟上所有的脂肪, 14And they shall take of it for the food of the Lord's fire, the fat that covereth the belly, and that covereth all the vital parts:
15左右兩腎和兩腎上靠腰部的脂肪,以及同兩腎一起取出的肝葉。 15The two little kidneys with the caul that is upon them which is by the flanks, and the fat of the liver with the little kidneys:
16司祭應將這一切放在祭壇上焚燒,有如食物,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 16And the priest shall burn them upon the altar, for the food of the fire, and of a most sweet savour. All the fat shall be the Lord's.
17一切脂肪應歸於上主。凡是脂肪和血,你們都不可吃:這為你們世世代代,在你們任何所居之地,是一條永久的法令」。 17By a perpetual law for your generations, and in all your habitations: neither blood nor fat shall you eat at all.



3:1-5
「和平祭」,依照奉献者的意向,亦称作盟约祭、求恩祭及感恩祭。和平祭的特点是:一、和平祭为一私人敬礼;二、所献的祭品应为家畜,不分牝牡,只要无瑕即可;叁、祭品应为叁分:一分献於天主,以火焚烧;一分献於天主後,归司祭享用;一分则归奉献者及其家人享用。无疑的,和平祭在梅瑟以前即已流行(创31:54; 46:1;出5:3; 8:21,26; 10:25)。西乃山下所献的(出24:5),即为和平祭;甚至逾越节羔羊,亦可视为和平祭(出12; 20:24)。

3:6-11
巴力斯坦一带所产的羔羊,羊尾特别肥大,脂肪最多,故献为祭品(出29:22)。

3:12-16
和平祭具有一种宴会性质,参与宴会的,是奉献祭品的人及其家族,众司祭及天主。

3:17
关於脂肪和血所有的规定,一如2:13所载有关盐的规定,与一切祭祀都有密切关系。













肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 4
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:若有人不慎,誤犯了上主的禁令,做了一件不許做的事: 2Say to the children of Israel: The soul that sinneth through ignorance, and doth any thing concerning any of the commandments of the Lord, which he commanded not to be done:
3如果是一位受傅的司祭犯了罪,連累了人民,他為這罪,應獻給上主一頭無瑕的公牛犢,作贖罪祭。 3If the priest that is anointed shall sin, making the people to offend, he shall offer to the Lord for his sin a calf without blemish.
4將牛牽到會幕門口,到上主前,先按手在牛頭上,在上主前宰了。 4And he shall bring it to the door of the testimony before the Lord, and shall put his hand upon the head thereof, and shall sacrifice it to the Lord.
5然後受傅的司祭取些牛血,帶進會幕, 5He shall take also of the blood of the calf, and carry it into the tabernacle of the testimony.
6將手指浸在牲血裡,在上主面前向聖所帳幔灑血七次; 6And having dipped his finger in the blood, he shall sprinkle with it seven times before the Lord, before the veil of the sanctuary.
7再將一些牲血,塗在會幕內上主面前的香壇四角上;其餘的牛血,都應倒在會幕門口全燔祭壇腳旁。 7And he shall put some of the same blood upon the horns of the altar of the sweet incense most acceptable to the Lord, which is in the tabernacle of the testimony. And he shall pour all the rest of the blood at the foot of the altar of holocaust in the entry of the tabernacle.
8以後取出作贖罪祭的公牛犢所有的脂肪:即遮蓋內臟的脂肪,貼在內臟上所有的脂肪, 8And he shall take off the fat of the calf for the sin offering, as well that which covereth the entrails, as all the inwards:
9右兩腎和兩腎上靠腰部的脂肪,以及同兩腎一起取出的肝葉, 9The two little kidneys, and the caul that is upon them, which is by the hanks, and the fat of the liver with the little kidneys,
10全照從和平祭犧牲的公牛內所取出的一樣;司祭應將這一切放在全燔祭壇上焚燒。 10As it is taken off from the calf of the sacrifice of peace offerings, and he shall burn them upon the altar of holocaust.
11至於公牛犢的皮,所有的肉、頭、腿、內臟和糞, 11But the skin and all the flesh with the head and the feet and the bowels and the dung,
12即整個公牛犢,應運到營外倒壇灰的清潔地方,放在木柴上用火焚燒:即在倒壇灰的地方將牠焚燒。 12And the rest of the body he shall carry forth without the camp into a clean place where the ashes are wont to be poured out, and he shall burn them upon a pile of wood, they shall be burnt in the place where the ashes are poured out.
13如果是全以色列會眾誤犯了過失,而會眾又沒有發覺做了上主誡命所不許做的事,因而有罪。 13And if all the multitude of Israel shall be ignorant, and through ignorance shall do that which is against the commandment of the Lord,
14當他們一發覺自己所犯的罪,會眾就應獻一頭公牛犢作贖罪祭,牽到會幕前; 14And afterwards shall understand their sin, they shall offer for their sin a calf, and shall bring it to the door of the tabernacle.
15會眾的長老在上主前,按手在牛頭上,在上主前宰了; 15And the ancients of the people shall put their hands upon the head thereof before the Lord. And the calf being immolated in the sight of the Lord,
16然後受傅的司祭取些牛血帶進會幕, 16The priest that is anointed shall carry of the blood into the tabernacle of the testimony.
17將手指浸在牲血裡,在上主面前向帳幔灑血七次。 17And shall dip his finger in it and sprinkle it seven times before the veil.
18再將一些牲血塗在會幕內上主面前的祭壇四角上;其餘的血,都應倒在會幕門口的全燔祭壇腳旁。 18And he shall put of the same blood on the horns of the altar that is before the Lord, in the tabernacle of the testimony: and the rest of the blood he shall pour at the foot of the altar of holocaust, which is at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony.
19至於脂肪應完全取出,放在祭壇上焚燒。 19And all the fat thereof he shall take off, and shall burn it upon the altar:
20處置這牛,應如處置贖罪祭的公牛犢一樣處置。司祭如此為他們贖了罪,他們方可獲得罪赦。 20Doing so with this calf, as he did also with that before: and the priest praying for them, the Lord will be merciful unto them.
21以後應將這公牛犢運到營外焚燒,如焚燒上述的公牛犢一樣:這是為會眾的贖罪祭。 21But the calf itself he shall carry forth without the camp, and shall burn it as he did the former calf: because it is for the sin of the multitude.
22如果是一位首長犯了罪,不慎做了上主他的天主的誡命所不許做的事,因而有罪。 22If a prince shall sin, and through ignorance do any one of the things that the law of the Lord forbiddeth,
23當他一發覺自己犯了罪,就應奉獻一隻無瑕的公山羊作祭品, 23And afterwards shall come to know his sin, he shall offer a buck goat without blemish, a sacrifice to the Lord.
24先按手在羊頭上,後在宰殺全燔祭犧牲的地方,在上主前將牠宰了:這是贖罪祭。 24And he shall put his hand upon the head thereof: and when he hath immolated it in the place where the holocaust is wont to be slain before the Lord, because it is for sin,
25然後司祭用手指蘸些贖罪祭犧牲的血,塗在全燔祭壇四角上;其餘的血都倒在全燔祭壇的腳旁。 25The priest shall dip his finger in the blood of the victim for sin, touching therewith the horns of the altar of holocaust, and pouring out the rest at the foot thereof.
26所有的脂肪,如同和平祭犧牲的脂肪一樣,都應放在祭壇上焚燒。司祭如此為他的罪行了贖罪禮,他方可獲得罪赦。 26But the fat he shall burn upon it, as is wont to be done with the victims of peace offerings: and the priest shall pray for him, and for his sin, and it shall be forgiven him.
27如果是一個平民不慎犯了罪,做了上主的誡命所不許做的事,因而有罪。 27And if any one of the people of the land shall sin through ignorance, doing any of those things that by the law of the Lord are forbidden, and offending,
28當他一發覺自己犯了罪,就應為自己所犯的罪,奉獻一隻無瑕的母山羊作祭品; 28And shall come to know his sin, he shall offer a she goat without blemish.
29先按手在贖罪祭犧牲的頭上,後在宰殺全燔祭犧牲的地方,將贖罪祭犧牲宰了。 29And he shall put his hand upon the head of the victim that is for sin, and shall immolate it in the place of the holocaust.
30然後司祭用手指蘸些牲血,塗在全燔祭壇四角上;其餘的血,都應倒在祭壇腳旁。 30And the priest shall take of the blood with his finger, and shall touch the horns of the altar of holocaust, and shall pour out the rest at the foot thereof.
31所有的脂肪像和平祭犧牲的脂肪一樣,都應取出;司祭應將這一切放在祭壇上焚燒,化為中悅上主的馨香。司祭如此為他贖了罪,他方可獲得罪赦。 31But taking off all the fat, as is wont to be taken away of the victims of peace offerings, he shall burn it upon the altar, for a sweet savour to the Lord: and he shall pray for him, and it shall be forgiven him.
32如果是奉獻一隻小綿羊作贖罪祭犧牲,應獻一隻無瑕的母羊。 32But if he offer of the flock a victim for his sin, to wit, an ewe without blemish:
33先按手在贖罪祭犧牲的頭上,後在宰殺全燔祭犧牲的地方宰了,作為贖罪祭。 33He shall put his hand upon the head thereof, and shall immolate it in the place where the victims of holocausts are wont to be slain.
34司祭用手指蘸些贖罪祭犧牲的血,塗在全燔祭壇四角上;其餘的血,都應倒在祭壇腳旁。 34And the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his finger, and shall touch the horns of the altar of holocaust, and the rest he shall pour out at the foot thereof.
35所有的脂肪都應取出,有如由和平祭犧牲的小羊所取出的脂肪一樣。司祭應將這一切放在祭壇上,與獻給上主的火祭一同焚燒。司祭如此為他的罪行了贖罪禮,他方可獲得罪赦。 35All the fat also he shall take off, as the fat of the ram that is offered for peace offerings is wont to be taken away: and shall burn it upon the altar, for a burnt sacrifice of the Lord: and he shall pray for him and for his sin, and it shall be forgiven him.



4:1-2
赎罪祭是为赎无心之罪;赎过祭是为赎人对天主,对人所有的过犯。这两种祭献的礼仪区别和名称,虽是晚出,但仍是最古的礼仪。参阅欧4:8;米6:7; 列下12:17;约1:5; 42: 8。为明知故犯的罪,在肋内,无规定的赎罪祭。

4:3
受傅的司祭,即大司祭(出29:7,19-21),在天主前既是人民的代表,如果有辱职守,罪过较重,必须献一公牛犊为赎罪祭牺牲。

4:8-9
关於脂肪、内脏及两肾等,参阅3:9,10。

4:13-15
长老是会众的领袖,应代表民众执行忏悔礼。



肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 5
1若有人聽了詛咒的誓言,能為所見所知的事作證而不肯聲明,就犯了罪,應負罪咎; 1If any one sin, and hear the voice of one swearing, and is a witness either because he himself hath seen, or is privy to it: if he do not utter it, he shall bear his iniquity.
2或有人誤觸了什麼不潔之物,不論是不潔野獸的屍體,或是不潔家畜的屍體,或是不潔昆蟲的屍體,而未發覺,以後發覺自己成了不潔的,因而有罪; 2Whosoever toucheth any unclean thing, either that which hath been killed by a beast, or died of itself, or any other creeping thing: and forgetteth his uncleanness, he is guilty, and hath offended:
3或有人誤摸了人的不潔,任何能玷污人的不潔,而未發覺,以後發覺,就有了罪; 3And if he touch any thing of the uncleanness of man, according to any uncleanness wherewith he is wont to be defiled, and having forgotten it, come afterwards to know it, he shall be guilty of an offence.
4或有人出言輕易發了誓,或懷惡意,或懷善意,人無論在什麼事上輕易發了誓,當時未發覺,而以後發覺自己在某件事上有了罪; 4The person that sweareth, and uttereth with his lips, that he would do either evil or good, and bindeth the same with an oath, and his word, and having forgotten it afterwards understandeth his offence,
5那麼幾時他發覺自己在上述某件事上有了罪,就該承認自己所犯的罪, 5Let him do penance for his sin,
6為賠補所犯的罪,應由羊群中取一隻母羊或綿羊,或山羊,獻給上主作贖罪祭,司祭應為他的罪行贖罪禮。 6And offer of the flocks an ewe lamb, or a she goat, and the priest shall pray for him and for his sin:
7如果他的財力不足備辦一隻羊,為賠補所犯的罪,應獻給上主兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿:一隻作為贖罪祭,一隻作為全燔祭。 7But if he be not able to offer a beast, let him offer two turtles, or two young pigeons to the Lord, one for sin, and the other for a holocaust,
8將牠們交給司祭;司祭應先奉獻那作贖罪祭的一隻,掐住脖子扭斷牠的頭,卻不可分離; 8And he shall give them to the priest: who shall offer the first for sin, and twist back the head of it to the little pinions, so that it stick to the neck, and be not altogether broken off.
9然後取些贖罪祭犧牲的血,灑在祭壇壁上,其餘的血都擠在祭壇腳旁:這是贖罪祭。 9And of its blood he shall sprinkle the side of the altar, and whatsoever is left, he shall let it drop at the bottom thereof, because it is for sin.
10至於第二隻:照全燔祭的儀式獻作全燔祭。司祭這樣為他所犯的罪行贖罪禮,他方可獲得罪赦。 10And the other he shall burn for a holocaust, as is wont to be done: and the priest shall pray for him, and for his sin, and it shall be forgiven him.
11如果他的財力連兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿也不能備辦,為賠補所犯的罪,應獻十分之一『厄法』細麵,作贖罪祭祭品,上面不可倒油,也不可放乳香,因為是贖罪祭。 11And if his hand be not able to offer two turtles, or two young pigeons, he shall offer for his sin the tenth part of an ephi of flour. He shall not put oil upon it, nor put any frankincense thereon, because it is for sin:
12將祭品交給司祭,司祭就取出一把麵,放在祭壇上與獻給上主的火祭一同焚燒,為獲得記念:這是贖罪祭。 12And he shall deliver it to the priest: who shall take a handful thereof, and shall burn it upon the altar for a memorial of him that offered it:
13司祭這樣為他所犯的罪過行贖罪禮,他方可獲得罪赦。剩下的,如素祭一樣,應歸於司祭。」 13Praying for him and making atonement: but the part that is left, he himself shall have for a gift.
14上主訓示梅瑟說: 14And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
15「若有人有了過犯,不慎冒犯了上主的聖物,為賠補自己的過失,應從羊群中取一隻無瑕的公綿羊,依照你的估價,按聖所的幣制折合銀子,獻與上主作贖過祭。 15If any one shall sin through mistake, transgressing the ceremonies in those things that are sacrificed to the Lord, he shall offer for his offence a ram without blemish out of the flocks, that may be bought for two sicles, according to the weight of the sanctuary:
16為賠償他對聖物所犯的過失,還應另加五分之一,交給司祭。司祭應用贖過祭的公綿羊為他行贖罪禮,他方可獲得罪赦。 16And he shall make good the damage itself which he hath done, and shall add the fifth part besides, delivering it to the priest, who shall pray for him, offering the ram, and it shall be forgiven him.
17若有人犯了罪,不慎做了上主誡命所不許做的事,有了過犯,應負罪債, 17If any one sin through ignorance, and do one of those things which by the law of the Lord are forbidden, and being guilty of sin, understand his iniquity,
18他應照你的估價,從羊群中取一隻無瑕的公綿羊,交給司祭作贖過祭。司祭這樣為他不慎而誤犯的過失,替他行贖罪禮,他才可獲得罪赦: 18He shall offer of the flocks a ram without blemish to the priest, according to the measure and estimation of the sin: and the priest shall pray for him, because he did it ignorantly: and it shall be forgiven him,
19這是贖過祭,是他應向上主獻的贖過祭。」 19Because by mistake he trespassed against the Lord.
20上主訓示梅瑟說: 20
21「若有人犯了罪,冒犯了上主,因為在寄託物上,或抵押品上,或劫掠物上欺騙了自己的同胞,或剝削了自己的同胞, 21
22或對拾得的遺物,加以否認,或對常人慣犯的罪發了虛誓; 22
23如果他犯了這樣的罪,而自知有過,應歸還劫掠所得,或剝削所得,或人寄存之物,或拾得的遺物, 23
24或以虛誓所佔奪的任何物件,應全部償還;此外還應另加五分之一。他那一天認錯,那一天應歸還物主。 24
25為賠補自己的過犯,應照你的估價,從羊群裡取出一隻無瑕的公綿羊,交給司祭獻與上主作贖過祭。 25
26司祭應為他在上主面前行贖罪禮。不論他犯的是什麼過犯,他都可獲得罪赦。」 26



5:1-13
1-6节,作者说明在何种情形上,应献赎罪祭;所提出者,都关系个人私事。7-13节记载减轻穷人负担的规定。关於洁与不洁之物,参阅11-15章。

5:15
15节「依照你的」「你」字,指梅瑟。至於在圣所纳税或折合供物银价的标准,是以「协刻耳」为单位(出30:13)。

5:20
拉丁通行本,由20节开始第六章。















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 6
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你吩咐亞郎和他的兒子們說:全燔祭的法律如下:全燔祭應徹夜至早晨留在祭壇的火上,火應在祭壇上常燃不熄。 2Whosoever shall sin, and despising the Lord, shall deny to his neighbour the thing delivered to his keeping, which was committed to his trust; or shall by force extort any thing, or commit oppression;
3司祭應穿上亞麻衣,著亞麻褲遮蓋身體,除去祭壇上焚燒全燔祭的灰燼,倒在祭壇旁邊; 3Or shall find a thing lost, and denying it, shall also swear falsely, or shall do any other of the many things, wherein men are wont to sin:
4然後脫去這些衣服,穿上別的衣服,將灰燼運到營外的清潔地方。 4Being convicted of the offence, he shall restore
5祭壇上的火應常燃不熄;司祭每天早晨應添柴,放上全燔祭祭品,焚燒和平祭犧牲的脂肪。 5All that he would have gotten by fraud, in the principal, and the fifth part besides to the owner, whom he wronged.
6祭壇上的火應常燃不熄。 6Moreover for his sin he shall offer a ram without blemish out of the flock, and shall give it to the priest, according to the estimation and measure of the offence:
7素祭的法律如下:亞郎的兒子應將素祭帶到祭壇前,獻給上主; 7And he shall pray for him before the Lord, and he shall have forgiveness for every thing in doing of which he hath sinned.
8然後由素祭祭品取出一把細麵和一些油,以及所有的乳香,放在祭壇上焚燒,獻給上主作悅意的馨香,為獲得紀念。 8And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
9剩下的,亞郎和他的兒子們應該吃,應吃死麵的,並且應在聖處,即在會幕庭院內吃。 9Command Aaron and his sons: This is the law of a holocaust: It shall be burnt upon the altar, all night until morning: the fire shall be of the same altar.
10烤時不可加酵。這是我由火祭祭品中,劃歸給他們的一份,是至聖之物,有如贖罪祭和贖過祭祭品。 10The priest shall be vested with the tunick and the linen breeches, and he shall take up the ashes of that which the devouring fire hath burnt, and putting them beside the altar,
11亞郎的子孫中,凡是男人,都可以吃:這是他們在你們中世世代代,由上主的火祭中得享的永久權利。凡與這些祭品接觸的,即成為聖。」 11Shall put off his former vestments, and being clothed with others, shall carry them forth without the camp, and shall cause them to be consumed to dust in a very clean place,
12上主訓示梅瑟說: 12And the fire on the altar shall always burn, and the priest shall feed it, putting wood on it every day in the morning, and laying on the holocaust, shall burn thereupon the fat of the peace offerings.
13「亞郎和他的兒子們在受傅之日,應給上主獻的祭品是:十分之一『厄法』細麵,當作日常的素祭:早上獻一半,晚上獻一半; 13This is the perpetual fire which shall never go out on the altar.
14應在鐵盤上用油調製;調好後,分成塊,將成塊的祭品,獻給上主作為悅意的馨香。 14This is the law of the sacrifice and libations, which the children of Aaron shall offer before the Lord, and before the altar.
15亞郎的子孫中,繼他位受傅為司祭的,都應奉獻此祭品:這是一條永久的法令。這祭品應全焚燒,獻給上主。 15The priest shall take a handful of the flour that is tempered with oil, and all the frankincense that is put upon the flour: and he shall burn it on the altar for a memorial of most sweet odour to the Lord:
16凡司祭自獻的素祭祭品應全焚燒,決不可吃。」 16And the part of the flour that is left, Aaron and his sons shall eat, without leaven: and he shall eat it in the holy place of the court of the tabernacle.
17上主訓示梅瑟說: 17And therefore it shall not be leavened, because part thereof is offered for the burnt sacrifice of the Lord. It shall be most holy, as that which is offered for sin and for trespass.
18「你告訴亞郎和他的兒子們說:關於贖罪祭的法律如下:贖罪祭犧牲應在宰殺全燔祭犧牲的地方,在上主面前宰殺:這是至聖之物。 18The males only of the race of Aaron shall eat it. It shall be an ordinance everlasting in your generations concerning the sacrifices of the Lord: Every one that toucheth them shall be sanctified.
19奉獻贖罪祭犧牲的司祭,應吃這犧牲,應在聖處,即在會幕庭院內吃。 19And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
20凡與這祭肉接觸的,即成為聖;若血濺在衣服上,濺有血跡的衣服,該在聖處洗淨。 20This is the oblation of Aaron, and of his sons, which they must offer to the Lord, in the day of their anointing: They shall offer the tenth part of an ephi of flour for a perpetual sacrifice, half of it in the morning, and half of it in the evening:
21用為煮祭肉的陶器應打破;但若是在銅器內煮,銅器該擦光,用水洗淨。 21It shall be tempered with oil, and shall be fried in a fryingpan.
22司祭家中,凡是男人都可以吃:這是至聖之物。 22And the priest that rightfully succeedeth his father, shall offer it hot, for a most sweet odour to the Lord, and it shall be wholly burnt on the altar.
23但是,任何贖罪祭犧牲,如果牲血帶進了會幕,為在聖所內行贖罪禮,決不可吃,應在火裡燒盡。 23For every sacrifice of the priest shall be consumed with fire, neither shall any man eat thereof.
24 24And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
25 25Say to Aaron and his sons: This is the law of the victim for sin: in the place where the holocaust is offered, it shall be immolated before the Lord. It is holy of holies.
26 26The priest that offereth it, shall eat it in a holy place, in the court of the tabernacle.
27 27Whatsoever shall touch the flesh thereof, shall be sanctified. If a garment be sprinkled with the blood thereof, it shall be washed in a holy place.
28 28And the earthen vessel, wherein it was sodden, shall be broken, but if the vessel be of brass, it shall be scoured, and washed with water.
29 29Every male of the priestly race shall eat of the flesh thereof, because it is holy of holies.
30 30For the victim that is slain for sin, the blood of which is carried into the tabernacle of the testimony to make atonement in the sanctuary, shall not be eaten, but shall be burnt with fire.



6:1-4
关於日夜全燔祭,参见出29:38-42。司祭只能在会幕及圣殿内穿上祭服;将灰运往营外时,应穿平常衣服。

6:7-11
7-11节所说的素祭,应由司祭奉献,与日夜全燔祭同时奉献。所献的素祭,是至圣之物,故此凡与这些祭品接触的人,无论是人是物,即成为圣的:物应归圣殿;人应献祭,才得脱免(出29:37; 30:29)。9节「死面」即「无酵细面」(2:5)

6:12-16
12-16节,可说是出29章的补充。其中的小小区别,是来自礼仪上的自然发展。

6:17-23
17-23节所有的规定,大体上说,是建立圣殿以後制定的。















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 7
1贖過祭的法律如下:這是至聖之祭。 1This also is the law of the sacrifice for a trespass, it is most holy:
2贖過祭犧牲應在宰殺全燔祭犧牲的地方宰殺,血應灑在祭壇的四周。 2Therefore where the holocaust is immolated, the victim also for a trespass shall be slain: the blood thereof shall be poured round about the altar.
3犧牲所有的一切脂肪都應獻上,即油尾和遮蓋內臟的脂肪, 3They shall offer thereof the rump and the fat that covereth the entrails:
4兩腎和兩腎上靠腰部的脂肪,以及同兩腎一起取出的肝葉。 4The two little kidneys, and the fat which is by the flanks, and the caul of the liver with the little kidneys.
5司祭應將這一切放在祭壇上焚燒,獻與上主當作火祭:這是贖過祭。 5And the priest shall burn them upon the altar: it is the burnt sacrifice of the Lord for a trespass.
6至於祭肉,司祭家中,凡是男人都可以吃,應在聖處吃:這是至聖之物。 6Every male of the priestly race, shall eat this flesh in a holy place, because it is most holy.
7關於贖過祭犧牲,像贖罪祭犧牲有同樣的法律:應全歸舉行贖罪禮的司祭。 7As the sacrifice for sin is offered, so is also that for a trespass: the same shall be the law of both these sacrifices: it shall belong to the priest that offereth it.
8代人奉獻全燔祭的司祭,得享獻作全燔祭犧牲的皮; 8The priest that offereth the victim of holocaust, shall have the skin thereof.
9凡在爐裡烤的,或在鍋裡,或在烤盤上預備的素祭祭品,應歸獻此祭的司祭。 9And every sacrifice of flour that is baked in the oven, and whatsoever is dressed on the gridiron, or in the fryingpan, shall be the priest's that offereth it:
10一切素祭祭品無論是調油的,或是乾製的,全歸亞郎的子孫彼此平分。 10Whether they be tempered with oil, or dry, all the sons of Aaron shall have one as much as another.
11獻與上主和平祭的法律如下: 11This is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings that is offered to the Lord.
12若有人為感恩而獻祭,除感恩祭祭品外,還應獻上油調的無酵餅,抹油的無酵薄餅,以及用油和好細麵做成的油餅。 12If the oblation be for thanksgiving, they shall offer leaves without leaven tempered with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and fine flour fried, and cakes tempered and mingled with oil:
13除這些餅以外,還應奉獻發酵的餅作祭品,與感恩的和平祭品一同奉獻。 13Moreover leaves of leavened bread with the sacrifice of thanks, which is offered for peace offerings:
14由這些祭品中,每樣應取出一份,獻與上主作獻儀:這一份應歸那灑和平祭牲血的司祭。 14Of which one shall be offered to the Lord for firstfruits, and shall be the priest's that shall pour out the blood of the victim.
15為感恩所獻的和平祭的祭肉,應在奉獻的當日吃盡;不可留到次日早晨。 15And the flesh of it shall be eaten the same day, neither shall any of it remain until the morning.
16如所獻的犧牲是還願祭或是自願祭,在奉獻的那天應該吃;如有剩下的,第二天也可吃; 16If any man by vow, or of his own accord offer a sacrifice, it shall in like manner be eaten the same day: and if any of it remain until the morrow, it is lawful to eat it:
17如還有剩下的祭肉,到第三天應用火燒了。 17But whatsoever shall be found on the third day shall be consumed with fire.
18若在第三天還吃和平祭祭肉,祭獻必不被悅納;為奉獻的人,也不算作祭獻,因為肉已不潔;吃的人,必負罪債。 18If any man eat of the flesh of the victim of peace offerings on the third day, the oblation shall be of no effect, neither shall it profit the offerer: yea rather whatsoever soul shall defile itself with such meat, shall be guilty of transgression.
19祭肉若接觸了不潔之物,不許再吃,應用火焚燒;凡潔淨的人可吃祭肉; 19The flesh that hath touched any unclean thing, shall not be eaten, but shall be burnt with fire: he that is clean shall eat of it.
20但是染有不潔的人,若吃了獻與上主和平祭的祭肉,這人應由民間剷除。 20If any one that is defiled shall eat of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which is offered to the Lord, he shall be cut off from his people.
21若有人接觸了任何不潔,或不潔的人,或不潔的禽獸,或任何不潔之物,而吃了獻與上主和平祭的祭肉,這人應由民間剷除。」 21And he that hath touched the uncleanness of man, or of beast, or of any thing that can defile, and shall eat of such kind of flesh, shall be cut off from his people.
22上主訓示梅瑟說: 22And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
23「你告訴以色列子民說:凡是牛、綿羊和山羊的脂肪,你們都不可吃。 23Say to the children of Israel: The fat of a sheep, and of an ox, and of a goat you shall not eat.
24自死或被野獸撕裂的走獸的脂肪,可作任何用途,但決不可吃。 24The fat of a carcass that hath died of itself, and of a beast that was caught by another beast, you shall have for divers uses.
25不論誰,若吃了能獻與上主作火祭的牲畜的脂肪,吃的人就應由民間剷除。 25If any man eat the fat that should be offered for the burnt sacrifice of the Lord, he shall perish out of his people.
26在你們任何所居之地,凡是血,不論是鳥血或獸血,決不可吃。 26Moreover you shall not eat the blood of any creature whatsoever, whether of birds or beasts.
27不論誰,若吃了什麼血,這人應由民間剷除。」 27Every one that eateth blood, shall perish from among the people.
28上主訓示梅瑟說: 28And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
29「你告訴以色列子民說:凡向上主奉獻和平祭祭品的,應由和平祭祭品取出一部分,作為獻於上主的供物。 29Speak to the children of Israel, saying: He that offereth a victim of peace offerings to the Lord, let him offer therewith a sacrifice also, that is, the libations thereof.
30親手帶來獻與上主的火祭,即帶來脂肪和胸脯;胸脯應在上主前行奉獻的搖禮。 30He shall hold in his hands the fat of the victim, and the breast: and when he hath offered and consecrated both to the Lord, he shall deliver them to the priest,
31司祭將脂肪放在祭壇上焚燒,胸脯歸於亞郎和他的兒子。 31Who shall burn the fat upon the altar, but the breast shall be Aaron's and his sons'.
32和平祭犧牲的後右腿,你們應送給司祭作獻儀。 32The right shoulder also of the victims of peace offerings shall fall to the priest for firstfruits.
33亞郎子孫中誰奉獻了和平祭犧牲的血和脂肪,右後腿應歸於他,是他的一分。 33He among the sons of Aaron, that offereth the blood, and the fat, he shall have the right shoulder also for his portion.
34因為我由以色列子民所獻的和平祭中,取出當搖獻的胸脯和當舉獻的右後腿,給了亞郎司祭和他的兒子,作為他們在以色列子民中永享的權利」。 34For the breast that is elevated and the shoulder that is separated I have taken of the children of Israel, from off their victims of peace offerings, and have given them to Aaron the priest, and to his sons, by a law for ever, from all the people of Israel.
35這是亞郎和他的兒子,在受命為上主盡司祭職的那一天,因受傅由獻與上主的火祭中應得的一分; 35This is the anointing of Aaron and his sons, in the ceremonies of the Lord, in the day when Moses offered them, that they might do the office of priesthood,
36是上主在他們受傅的那一天,吩咐以色列子民應交給他們的一分:這是他們世世代代永享的權利。 36And the things that the Lord commanded to be given them by the children of Israel, by a perpetual observance in their generations.
37以上是關於全燔祭、素祭、贖罪祭、贖過祭、祝聖祭及和平祭的法律。 37This is the law of holocaust, and of the sacrifice for sin, and for trespass, and for consecration, and the victims of peace offerings:
38這些法律是上主在他命令以色列子民,於西乃曠野給上主奉獻祭品的那天,在西乃山上向梅瑟所咐吩的。 38Which the Lord appointed to Moses in mount Sinai, when he commanded the children of Israel, that they should offer their oblations to the Lord in the desert of Sinai.



7:1-10
1-7节和8-10节,显然是两种法律,不过後者就内容而言,与前者相似,是编辑者日後插入的。

7:11-21
11-21节是本书第叁章的补充。

7:22-27
不可吃脂肪,因为脂肪是哺乳动物身上最好的部分,应献於天主。不可吃血,因为血被视为生命的所在,而生命是绝对归於天主的(参阅创9:4;肋17:11)。

7:30
关於30节所说的「奉献的摇礼」,参阅出29:24-28。

7:35-36
35,36两节为8-10章的前奏。

7:37-38
结论的意义,是说明梅瑟以後有关祭献的一切规定,都是以天主在西乃山与以色列子民所立的盟约为根据。梅瑟逝世後,由於圣殿取代会幕,和王国分为南北的各种变化,祭献的法律自然也有所改变和增补,不过仍保有西乃盟约的真谛。














肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 8
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你領亞郎和他的兒子一同前來,帶著祭衣、聖油、作贖罪祭的公牛犢,兩隻公綿羊和一筐無酵餅; 2Take Aaron with his sons, their vestments, and the oil of unction, a calf for sin, two rams, a basket with unleavened bread,
3並召集全體會眾到會幕門口。」 3And thou shalt gather together all the congregation to the door of the tabernacle.
4梅瑟便依照上主所吩咐的做了。當會眾集合在會幕門口後, 4And Moses did as the Lord had commanded. And all the multitude being gathered together before the door of the tabernacle,
5梅瑟就對會眾說:「這是上主吩咐應做的事。」 5He said: This is the word that the Lord hath commanded to be done.
6梅瑟遂叫亞郎和他的兒子前來,用水洗了他們; 6And immediately he offered Aaron and his sons: and when he had washed them,
7然後給亞郎穿上長衣,束上帶子,穿上無袖長袍,套上『厄弗得』,束上『厄弗得』帶子,將『厄弗得』繫緊。 7He vested the high priest with the strait linen garment, girding him with the girdle, and putting on him the violet tunick, and over it he put the ephod,
8再給他安上胸牌,在胸牌內放上「烏陵」和「突明」。 8And binding it with the girdle, he fitted it to the rational, on which was Doctrine and Truth.
9以後將禮冠戴在他頭上,在禮冠前面安上金牌,即聖牌。全照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 9He put also the mitre upon his head: and upon the mitre over the forehead, he put the plate of gold, consecrated with sanctification, as the Lord had commanded him.
10以後梅瑟拿了聖油,傅了會幕和其中所有的一切,祝聖了這一切; 10He took also the oil of unction, with which he anointed the tabernacle, with all the furniture thereof.
11又將一些油七次灑在祭壇上,又傅了祭壇和祭壇的一切用具,盆和盆座,祝聖了這一切; 11And when he had sanctified and sprinkled the altar seven times, he anointed it, and all the vessels thereof, and the laver with the foot thereof, he sanctified with the oil.
12然後把聖油倒在亞郎頭上,傅了他,祝聖了他。 12And he poured it upon Aaron's head, and he anointed and consecrated him:
13此後梅瑟叫亞郎的兒子前來,給他們穿上長衣,束上帶子,給他們纏上頭巾:全照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 13And after he had offered his sons, he vested them with linen tunicks, and girded them with girdles, and put mitres on them as the Lord had commanded.
14隨後梅瑟把作贖罪祭的公牛犢牽來,亞郎和他的兒子按手在贖罪祭的公牛犢頭上, 14He offered also the calf for sin: and when Aaron and his sons had put their hands upon the head thereof,
15把牛宰了,梅瑟取了血,用手指抹在祭壇四周的角上,潔淨了祭壇;將剩下的血倒在祭壇腳旁:這樣就祝聖了祭壇,為祭壇行了潔淨禮。 15He immolated it: and took the blood, and dipping his finger in it, he touched the horns of the altar round about. Which being expiated, and sanctified, he poured the rest of the blood at the bottom thereof.
16此後,梅瑟將貼在內臟上所有的脂肪、肝葉、兩腎和兩腎上的脂肪,放在祭壇上焚燒; 16But the fat that was upon the entrails, and the caul of the liver, and the two little kidneys, with their fat, he burnt upon the altar:
17牛犢的皮、肉和糞,都在營外用火燒了:全照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 17And the calf with the skin, and the flesh and the dung, he burnt without the camp, as the Lord had commanded.
18此後,梅瑟把作全燔祭的公綿羊牽來,亞郎和他的兒子按手在羊頭上, 18He offered also a ram for a holocaust: and when Aaron and his sons had put their hands upon its head,
19把羊宰了,梅瑟把血灑在祭壇四周; 19He immolated it, and poured the blood thereof round about upon the altar.
20然後把羊切成碎塊,將頭和碎塊以及板油全焚燒, 20And cutting the ram into pieces, the head thereof, and the joints, and the fat he burnt in the fire,
21內臟和腿,用水洗淨;梅瑟將整個公綿羊放在祭壇上焚燒:這是全燔祭,是中悅上主的馨香火祭,全照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 21Having first washed the entrails, and the feet, and the whole ram together he burnt upon the altar, because it was a holocaust of most sweet odour to the Lord, as he had commanded him.
22此後,梅瑟將第二隻公綿羊,即作祝聖祭的公綿羊牽來,亞郎和他的兒子按手在羊頭上。 22He offered also the second ram, in the consecration of priests: and Aaron, and his sons put their hands upon the head thereof:
23把羊宰了,梅瑟取些血抹在亞郎的右耳垂,右手拇指和右腳大趾上。 23And when Moses had immolated it, he took of the blood thereof, and touched the tip of Aaron's right ear, and the thumb of his right hand, and in like manner also the great toe of his right foot.
24梅瑟又叫亞郎的兒子前來,把血也抹在他們的右耳垂,右手拇指和右腳大趾上;剩下的血,梅瑟都灑在祭壇的四周。 24He offered also the sons of Aaron: and when with the blood of the ram that was immolated, he had touched the tip of the right ear of every one of them, and the thumbs of their right hands, and the great toes of their right feet, the rest he poured on the altar round about:
25隨後取出脂肪、肥尾、貼在內臟上所有的脂肪、肝葉、兩腎和兩腎上的脂肪,以及右後腿; 25But the fat, and the rump, and all the fat that covereth the entrails, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys with their fat, and with the right shoulder, he separated.
26又由放在上主面前的無酵餅筐內,取出一塊無酵餅,一塊油餅和一塊薄餅,放在脂肪和右後腿上; 26And taking out of the basket; of unleavened bread, which was before the Lord, a loaf without leaven, and a cake tempered with oil and a wafer, he put them upon the fat, and the right shoulder,
27將這一切放在亞郎和他的兒子們的手上,在上主前行奉獻的搖禮。 27Delivering all to Aaron, and to his sons: while having lifted them up before the Lord,
28然後梅瑟由他們手中接過來,放在祭壇的全燔祭品上焚燒:這是祝聖祭,是中悅上主的馨香火祭。 28He took them again from their hands, and burnt them upon the altar of holocaust, because it was the oblation of consecration, for a sweet odour of sacrifice to the Lord.
29以後,梅瑟拿了犧牲的胸脯,在上主前行了奉獻的搖禮,這是由祝聖祭的公綿羊中,梅瑟應得的一份,有如上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 29And he took of the ram of consecration, the breast for his portion, elevating it before the Lord, as the Lord had commanded him.
30以後,梅瑟拿了些聖油和祭壇上的血,灑在亞郎和他的衣服上,他的兒子和他兒子的衣服上:這樣就祝聖了亞郎和他的衣服,他的兒子和他兒子的衣服。 30And taking the ointment, and the blood that was upon the altar, he sprinkled Aaron, and his vestments, and his sons, and their vestments with it.
31梅瑟又對亞郎和他的兒子說:「你們應在會幕門口煮祭肉,也在那裡吃這肉和筐內放的祝聖祭的餅,有如上主曾吩咐我的:亞郎和他的兒子應當吃。 31And when he had sanctified them in their vestments, he commanded them, saying: Boil the flesh before the door of the tabernacle, and there eat it. Eat ye also the loaves of consecration, that are laid in the basket, as the Lord commanded me, saying: Aaron and his sons shall eat them:
32剩下的肉和餅,你們應用火燒了。 32And whatsoever shall be left of the flesh and the leaves, shall be consumed with fire.
33七天的工夫,你們不可出會幕門口,直到你們的受職禮滿期的那一天,因為你們的受職禮是七天。 33And you shall not go out of the door of the tabernacle for seven days, until the day wherein the time of your consecration shall be expired. For in seven days the consecration is finished:
34照今天所做的,上主還叫照樣去做,好為你們贖罪。 34As at this present it hath been done, that the rite of the sacrifice might be accomplished.
35七天七夜,你們應住在會幕門口,遵守上主的禮規,以免死亡,因為上主這樣吩咐了我。」 35Day and night shall you remain in the tabernacle observing the watches of the Lord, lest you die: for so it hath been commanded me.
36凡上主藉梅瑟所吩咐的事,亞郎和他的兒子都做了。 36And Aaron and his sons did all things which the Lord spoke by the hand of Moses.



8:1-5
关於司祭受职礼,参见出28; 29两章,应注意的是:祝圣亚郎和众司祭的主礼人是梅瑟,就是说天主藉藉梅瑟,将司祭职授与亚郎。

8:10-13
12节以圣油傅亚郎的头,从此旧约中屡次称大司祭为「受傅的司祭」和「受傅者」(4:3,5,16; 6:15; 16:32)。普通司祭,至少在古代,未有傅油之礼,出28:41为晚出经文。

8:14-36
关於旧约司祭职对於基督和新约司祭职所有的关系,见希7-10:18。


















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 9
1到了第八天,梅瑟召集亞郎和他的兒子以及以色列的長老, 1And when the eighth day was come, Moses called Aaron and his sons, and the ancients of Israel, and said to Aaron:
2然後對亞郎說:「你牽一頭公牛犢來,作為贖罪祭,一隻公綿羊來,作為全燔祭,都應是無瑕的,牽到上主前。」 2Take of the herd a calf for sin, and a ram for a holocaust, both without blemish, and offer them before the Lord.
3又吩咐以色列子民說:「你們應牽一隻公山羊來,作為贖罪祭;一頭公牛犢和一隻一歲的公羔羊來,都應是無瑕的,作為全燔祭; 3And to the children of Israel thou shalt say: Take ye a he goat for sin, and a calf, and a lamb, both of a year old, and without blemish for a holocaust,
4再牽一頭公牛和一隻公綿羊來,作為和平祭,祭獻在上主面前;再帶些油調的素祭祭品來,因為今天上主要顯現給你們。」 4Also a bullock and a ram for peace offerings: and immolate them before the Lord, offering for the sacrifice of every one of them flour tempered with oil; for today the Lord will appear to you.
5他們遂將梅瑟所吩咐的,都帶到會幕前;全會眾都前來,站在上主面前。 5They brought therefore all things that Moses had commanded before the door of the tabernacle: where when all the multitude stood,
6梅瑟遂說:「這是上主命你們做的事,好使上主的榮耀顯現給你們。」 6Moses said: This is the word, which the Lord hath commanded: do it, and his glory will appear to you.
7以後,梅瑟對亞郎說:「你走近祭壇,奉獻你的贖罪祭和全燔祭,為你自己和你的家族贖罪;然後奉獻人民的祭品,為他們贖罪,如上主所吩咐的。」 7And he said to Aaron: Approach to the altar, and offer sacrifice for thy sin: offer the holocaust, and pray for thyself and for the people: and when thou hast slain the people's victim, pray for them, as the Lord hath commanded.
8亞郎於是走近祭壇,宰殺了那為自己作贖罪祭的公牛犢。 8And forthwith Aaron, approaching to the altar, immolated the calf for his sin:
9亞郎的兒子將血遞給他,他把手指浸在血裡,抹在祭壇的四角上,剩下的血都倒在祭壇腳旁。 9And his sons brought him the blood of it: and he dipped his finger therein, and touched the horns of the altar, and poured the rest at the foot thereof.
10贖罪祭犧牲的脂肪、兩腎和肝葉,都放在祭壇上焚燒,照上主對梅瑟吩咐的。 10And the fat, and the little kidneys, and the caul of the liver, which are for sin, he burnt upon the altar, as the Lord had commanded Moses:
11至於肉和皮,都在營外用火燒了。 11But the flesh and skins thereof he burnt with fire without the camp.
12然後亞郎宰殺了全燔祭犧牲,亞郎的兒子將血遞給他,他將血灑在祭壇四周。 12He immolated also the victim of holocaust: and his sons brought him the blood thereof, which he poured round about on the altar.
13以後,他們將切成塊的全燔祭犧牲和頭遞給他,他就放在祭壇上焚燒。 13And the victim being cut into pieces, they brought to him the head and all the members, all which he burnt with fire upon the altar,
14內臟和腿洗淨後,也放在祭壇上同全燔祭犧牲一起焚燒。 14Having first washed the entrails and the feet with water.
15隨後他奉獻了人民的祭品:將那為人民作贖罪祭的公山羊牽來,宰殺了,獻作贖罪祭,如前一犧牲一樣。 15Then offering for the sin of the people, he slew the he goat: and expiating the altar,
16又奉獻了全燔祭,全按禮儀進行; 16He offered the holocaust:
17又奉獻了素祭,由其中取了一滿把,放在祭壇上焚燒,這是早晨全燔祭以外的祭獻。 17Adding in the sacrifice the libations, which are offered withal, and burning them upon the altar, besides the ceremonies of the morning holocaust.
18最後,他宰殺了為人民作和平祭的公牛和公綿羊;亞郎的兒子將血遞給他,他就將血灑在祭壇四周。 18He immolated also the bullock and the ram, the peace offerings of the people: and his sons brought him the blood, which he poured upon the altar round about.
19至於牛羊的脂肪、肥尾、遮蓋內臟的脂肪、兩腎和肝葉, 19The fat also of the bullock, and the rump of the ram, and the two little kidneys, with their fat, and the caul of the liver,
20他們都放在犧牲的胸脯上;亞郎遂將脂肪放在祭壇上焚燒, 20They put upon the breasts. And after the fat was burnt upon the altar,
21胸脯和右後腿,拿來在上主前行了奉獻的搖禮,照梅瑟所吩咐的。 21Aaron separated their breasts, and the right shoulders, elevating them before the Lord, as Moses had commanded.
22以後亞郎向人民舉起手來,祝福了他們。當他獻完了贖罪祭、全燔祭及和平祭以後,就由祭壇上下來了。 22And stretching forth his hands to the people, he blessed them. And so the victims for sin, and the holocausts, and the peace offerings being finished, he came down.
23以後,梅瑟和亞郎走進了會幕,二人出來,祝福百姓時,上主的榮耀顯現給全體百姓; 23And Moses and Aaron went into the tabernacle of the testimony, and afterwards came forth and blessed the people. And the glory of the Lord appeared to all the multitude:
24由上主前出來了火,吞噬了祭壇上的全燔祭祭品和脂肪。全體百姓見了,齊聲歡呼,俯伏在地。 24And behold a fire, coming forth from the Lord, devoured the holocaust, and the fat that was upon the altar: which when the multitude saw, they praised the Lord, falling on their faces.



9:1-24
司祭就职仪式,与4:1-20; 2:1-16所述的,大致相同,所不同的是:本章所记的是就职仪式,而2-4两章所记的是历代的通常礼节。应注意的是:一、大司祭不但为百姓及其家族的罪献赎罪祭,而且也为自己的罪献赎罪祭(希5:2-4);二、梅瑟执行这一切,是代替天主行事;叁、祝福人民的经文,见户6:24-26;四、「由上主前」(24节),即谓「自天上」(加下2:10),或「自约柜」,或自上主所寄居的云彩中,见出40:34;户16:19; 20:6;五、上主藉此奇迹,核准祝圣司祭的仪式,接受他们所行的祭献,并承认他们赐与民众的祝福。




















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 10
1亞郎的兒子納達布和阿彼胡,各自取了火盤,放上火,加上乳香,在上主面前奉獻了上主所禁止的凡火。 1And Nadab and Abiu, the sons of Aaron, taking their censers, put fire therein, and incense on it, offering before the Lord strange fire: which was not commanded them.
2那時由上主面前噴出火來,將他們燒死在上主面前。 2And fire coming out from the Lord destroyed them, and they died before the Lord.
3梅瑟遂對亞郎說:「這就是上主所說:對親近我的人,我要顯我為聖;在全民眾前我要以我為尊。」亞郎默不作聲。 3And Moses said to Aaron: This is what the Lord hath spoken: I will be sanctified in them that approach to me, and I will be glorified in the sight of all the people. And when Aaron heard this, he held his peace.
4梅瑟遂叫了亞郎的叔父烏齊耳的兒子米沙耳和厄耳匝番來,對他們說:「前來,將你們的兄弟由聖所前抬到營外去!」 4And Moses called Misael and Elisaphan, the sons of Oziel, the uncle of Aaron, and said to them: Go and take away your brethren from before the sanctuary, and carry them without the camp.
5他們就前去,抓住死者的衣服,將死者抬到營外,照梅瑟所吩咐的。 5And they went forthwith and took them as they lay, vested with linen tunicks, and cast them forth, as had been commanded them.
6以後,梅瑟對亞郎和他的兒子厄肋阿匝爾及依塔瑪爾說:「不要散開你們的頭髮,不要撕裂你們的衣服,免得你們死亡,也免得上主對全會眾發怒;讓你們的弟兄以色列全家,去為上主燃起的火哀悼。 6And Moses said to Aaron, and to Eleazar and Ithamar, his sons: Uncover not your heads, and rend not your garments, lest perhaps you die, and indignation come upon all the congregation. Let your brethren, and all the house of Israel, bewail the burning which the Lord has kindled:
7你們也不要走出會幕門口,免得你們死亡,因為上主的傅油還在你們身上。」他們就照梅瑟說的做了。 7But you shall not go out of the door of the tabernacle, otherwise you shall perish, for the oil of the holy unction is on you. And they did all things according to the precept of Moses.
8上主訓示亞郎說: 8The Lord also said to Aaron:
9「你或你的兒子進入會幕時,清酒或醇酒都不可飲,免得你們死亡:這為你們世世代代是一條永久的法令。 9You shall not drink wine nor any thing that may make drunk, thou nor thy sons, when you enter into the tabernacle of the testimony, lest you die: because it is an everlasting precept through your generations:
10因為在聖與俗,潔與不潔之間,你們應分辨清楚, 10And that you may have knowledge to discern between holy and unholy, between unclean and clean:
11並應教訓以色列子民,上主藉梅瑟吩咐他們的一切法令。」 11And may teach the children of Israel all my ordinances which the Lord hath spoken to them by the hand of Moses.
12以後,梅瑟對亞郎和他尚存的兒子厄肋阿匝爾及依塔瑪爾說:「獻與上主的火祭中所剩下的素祭祭品,你們應拿來在祭壇旁吃,應吃死麵的,因為這是至聖之物。 12And Moses spoke to Aaron, and to Eleazar and Ithamar, his sons that were left: Take the sacrifice that is remaining of the oblation of the Lord, and eat it without leaven beside the altar, because it is holy of holies.
13你們在聖處吃,因為這是你和你的兒子,由獻與上主的火祭中,所獲得的權利;上主曾這樣吩咐了我。 13And you shall eat it in a holy place: which is given to thee and thy sons of the oblations of the Lord, as it hath been commanded me.
14至於搖過的胸脯和舉過的後腿,你和你的兒子以及與你尚在一起的女兒,可在一清潔地方吃;這原是由以色列子民獻的和平祭中,給予你和你子女的權利。 14The breast also that is offered, and the shoulder that is separated, you shall eat in a most clean place, thou and thy sons, and thy daughters with thee. For they are set aside for thee and thy children, of the victims of peace offerings of the children of Israel:
15與獻作火祭的脂肪一起所舉過的後腿和搖過的胸脯,在上主面前行過奉獻搖禮之後,都歸你和與你在一起的子女:這是你們永久的權利,照上主所吩咐的。」 15Because they have elevated before the Lord the shoulder and the breast, and the fat that is burnt on the altar, and they belong to thee and to thy sons by a perpetual law, as the Lord hath commanded.
16梅瑟尋找那作贖罪祭的公山羊的時候,發現已經燒了;於是對亞郎尚存的兒子厄肋阿匝爾及依塔瑪爾發怒說: 16While these things were a doing, when Moses sought for the buck goat, that had been offered for sin, he found it burnt: and being angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, the sons of Aaron that were left, he said:
17「為什麼你們沒有在聖處吃這贖罪祭祭肉?這原是至聖之物;上主所以給了你們,是為消除會眾的罪過,在上主面前為他們贖罪。 17Why did you not eat in the holy place the sacrifice for sin, which is most holy, and given to you, that you may bear the iniquity of the people, and may pray for them in the sight of the Lord,
18這犧牲的血既然沒有帶到聖所裡去,你們應照我所吩咐的,在聖處吃這祭肉。」 18Especially whereas none of the blood thereof hath been carried within the holy places, and you ought to have eaten it in the sanctuary, as was commanded me?
19亞郎對梅瑟說:「你看,他們今天在上主面前奉獻了贖罪祭和全燔祭,竟有這樣的事發生在我身上!我今天若吃贖罪祭祭肉,上主豈能滿意?」 19Aaron answered: This day hath been offered the victim for sin, and the holocaust before the Lord: and to me what thou seest has happened: how could I eat it, or please the Lord in the ceremonies, having a sorrowful heart?
20梅瑟聽了這話,也頗為滿意。 20Which when Moses had heard he was satisfied.



10:8-11
酒能使人昏迷,易於失职,故此严禁司祭在任职时饮酒(参阅则44:21-24)。

10:14-15
关於摇礼和举礼,参阅7:14;出29:24,26,28等。

10:16-20
亚郎好像向梅瑟抱歉说:我原知道应该举行一欢乐的祭宴,但因发生这不幸的事,我如何还有心思举行?何况祭宴不能给人带来欢乐,也未必能平息天主的义怒,故此我们用火烧了。梅瑟见他言之有理,不再追究。
















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 11
1上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
2「你們應告訴以色列子民說:地上的一切走獸中,你們可吃的獸類如下: 2Say to the children of Israel: These are the animals which you are to eat of all the living things of the earth.
3凡走獸中有偶蹄,有趾及反芻的,你們都可以吃。 3Whatsoever hath the hoof divided, and cheweth the cud among the beasts, you shall eat.
4但在反芻或有偶蹄的走獸中,你們不可吃的是駱駝,因為駱駝雖反芻,但偶蹄無趾,對你們仍是不潔的; 4But whatsoever cheweth indeed the cud, and hath a hoof, but divideth it not, as the camel, and others, that you shall not eat, but shall reckon it among the unclean.
5岩貍,牠雖反芻,但偶蹄無趾,對你們仍是不潔的; 5The cherogrillus which cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof, is unclean.
6兔子雖反芻,偶蹄無趾,對你們仍是不潔的; 6The hare also: for that too cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof.
7豬,牠雖有偶蹄,蹄雖有趾,卻不反芻,對你們仍是不潔的。 7And the swine, which, though it divideth the hoof, cheweth not the cud.
8這些走獸的肉,你們不可吃;牠們的屍體,也不可觸摸,因為對你們都是不潔的。 8The flesh of these you shall not eat, nor shall you touch their carcasses, because they are unclean to you.
9水族中你們可吃的如下:凡是水中有鰭有鱗的,不論是海裡的,或河裡的,都可以吃; 9These are the things that breed in the waters, and which it is lawful to eat. All that hath fins, and scales, as well in the sea, as in the rivers, and the pools, you shall eat.
10但凡在水中蠕動,和在水中生存的生物,若沒有鰭和鱗,不論是海裡,或河裡的,都是你們所當憎惡的。 10But whatsoever hath not fins and scales, of those things that move and live in the waters, shall be an abomination to you,
11這些水族,都是你們所當憎惡的:牠們的肉不可吃;牠們的屍體,你們當視為可憎惡之物。 11And detestable: their flesh you shall not eat, and their carcasses you shall avoid.
12水族中凡沒有鰭和鱗的,都是你們所當憎惡的。 12All that have not fins and scales, in the waters, shall be unclean.
13飛禽中,你們應視為可憎而不可吃,應視為可憎之物的是:鷹、鶚、鷲、 13Of birds these are they which you must not eat, and which are to be avoided by you: The eagle, and the griffon, and the osprey,
14鳶及隼之類; 14And the kite, and the vulture, according to their kind,
15凡烏鴉之類; 15And all that is of the raven kind, according to their likeness.
16駝鳥、夜鷹、海鷗和蒼鷹之類; 16The ostrich, and the owl, and the larus, and the hawk according to its kind.
17小梟、鸕鶿和鴟鵂, 17The screech owl, and the cormorant, and the ibis,
18白鷺、塘鵝和白鷲, 18And the swan, and the bittern, and the porphyrion,
19鸛鷺類、戴勝和蝙蝠。 19The heron, and the charadrion according to its kind, the houp also, and the bat.
20凡是有翅,四足爬行的昆蟲,都是你們所當憎惡的; 20Of things that fly, whatsoever goeth upon four feet, shall be abominable to you.
21但在有翅,四足爬行的昆蟲中,凡有腳以外,還有大腿,在地上能跳的,你們可以吃。 21But whatsoever walketh upon four feet, but hath the legs behind longer, wherewith it hoppeth upon the earth,
22你們可吃的是:飛蝗之類,蚱蜢之類,蟋蟀之類和螽斯之類; 22That you shall eat, as the bruchus in its kind, the attacus, and ophiomachus, and the locust, every one according to their kind.
23其他凡有翅,四足爬行的昆蟲,都是你們所當憎惡的。 23But of dying things whatsoever hath four feet only, shall be an abomination to you:
24遇到以下的光景也能使你們不潔:凡觸摸這些昆蟲屍體的人,直到晚上不潔; 24And whosoever shall touch the carcasses of them, shall be defiled, and shall be unclean until the evening:
25凡移動牠們屍體的人,應洗滌自己的衣服,直到晚上是不潔的。 25And if it be necessary that he carry any of these things when they are dead, he shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until the sun set.
26凡有偶蹄而無趾的,或不反芻的走獸,為你們都是不潔的;誰觸摸了就染上不潔。 26Every beast that hath a hoof, but divideth it not, nor cheweth the cud, shall be unclean: and he that toucheth it, shall be defiled.
27一切四足動物中,凡用腳掌行走的,為你們都是不潔的;誰觸摸了牠們的屍體,直到晚上是不潔的; 27That which walketh upon hands of all animals which go on all four, shall be unclean: he that shall touch their carcasses shall be defiled until evening.
28誰移動了牠們的屍體,應洗滌自己的衣服,直到晚上是不潔的。這些動物為你們都是不潔的。 28And he that shall carry such carcasses, shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until evening: because all these things are unclean to you.
29在地上爬行的動物中,為你們不潔的是:鼹鼠、老鼠和蜥蜴之類; 29These also shall be reckoned among unclean things, of all that move upon the earth, the weasel, and the mouse, and the crocodile, every one according to their kind:
30壁虎、避役、蛇舅母、烏龜和伶鼬。 30The shrew, and the chameleon, and the stello, and the lizard, and the mole:
31這些爬行的動物,為你們都是不潔的;牠們死後,誰觸摸了,直到晚上是不潔的。 31All these are unclean. He that toucheth their carcasses shall be unclean until the evening.
32其中死了的,掉在什麼物件上,不論是木器,或衣服,或皮具,或囊袋,凡能用的器具,即成為不潔,應放入水內,直到晚上是不潔的;以後,才算潔淨; 32And upon what thing soever any of their carcasses shall fall, it shall be defiled, whether it be a vessel of wood, or a garment, or skins or haircloths; or any thing in which work is done, they shall be dipped in water, and shall be unclean until the evening, and so afterwards shall be clean.
33一切陶器,如有牠們中一個掉在裡面,裡面所有的一切即成為不潔,陶器應該打破; 33But an earthen vessel, into which any of these shall fall, shall be defiled, and therefore is to be broken.
34如裡面的水滴在任何食物上,食物即成為不潔的;在這種陶器內裝了任何飲料,飲料也成為不潔的。 34Any meat which you eat, if water from such a vessel be poured upon it, shall be unclean; and every liquor that is drunk out of any such vessel, shall be unclean.
35牠們的屍體無論掉在什麼東西上,那東西即成為不潔的:不拘爐或灶都應打碎,因為是不潔的,你們也應視為不潔。 35And upon whatsoever thing any of these dead beasts shall fall, it shall be unclean: whether it be oven, or pots with feet, they shall be destroyed, and shall be unclean.
36水泉和蓄水池雖是潔淨的,但是那接觸屍體的,即成為不潔。 36But fountains and cisterns, and all gatherings together of waters shall be clean. He that toucheth their carcasses shall be defiled.
37如果他們中一個屍體掉在要播種的種籽上,種籽仍是潔淨的; 37If it fall upon seed corn, it shall not defile it.
38但若種籽已浸了水,而屍體掉在上面,這種籽對你們便成了不潔的。 38But if any man pour water upon the seed, and afterwards it be touched by the carcasses, it shall be forthwith defiled.
39若你們可吃的一隻走獸死了,誰觸摸了牠的屍體,直到晚上是不潔的; 39If any beast die, of which it is lawful for you to eat, he that toucheth the carcass thereof, shall be unclean until the evening:
40誰吃了這屍體的肉,應洗滌自己的衣服,並且直到晚上是不潔的;誰移動了這屍體,也應洗滌自己的衣服,而且直到晚上是不潔的。 40And he that eateth or carrieth any thing thereof, shall wash his clothes, and shall be unclean until the evening.
41凡地上的爬蟲,都是當憎惡的,都不可吃。 41All that creepeth upon the earth shall be abominable, neither shall it be taken for meat.
42不論是用腹部爬行的,或用四足爬行的,或多足的,凡是地上的爬蟲,你們都不可吃,因為都是可憎惡的。 42Whatsoever goeth upon the breast on four feet, or hath many feet, or traileth on the earth, you shall not eat, because it is abominable.
43你們不要因任何爬蟲而使你們成為可憎惡的;你們不要因牠們而成為不潔的,或染上不潔, 43Do not defile your souls, nor touch aught thereof, lest you be unclean,
44因為我上主是你們的天主:你們該表現為聖潔的,你們應是聖的,因為我是聖的。你們不要因地上的任何爬蟲,而使自己成為不潔的, 44For I am the Lord your God: be holy because I am holy. Defile not your souls by any creeping thing, that moveth upon the earth.
45因為是我上主領你們由埃及地上來,為作你們的天主:你們應是聖的,因為我是聖的。 45For I am the Lord, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that I might be your God.
46以上是有關走獸飛禽,一切水中游行和地上一切爬行動物的法律, 46You shall be holy, because I am holy. This is the law of beasts and fowls, and of every living creature that moveth in the waters, and creepeth on the earth:
47以便分別潔與不潔,可吃與不可吃的生物。」 47That you may know the differences of the clean, and unclean, and know what you ought to eat, and what to refuse.



11:1-47
关於洁与不洁的动物法,亦见申14:3-20。关於洁与不洁法律的原因和目的,在44,45两节说明了。天主所要求的,固然是内心的圣洁,但也要求外面(身体)的清洁,因为外面的清洁可以培养心灵的圣洁。从宗教史事上知道,有些古代民族将某些东西或动物视为洁的,将某些东西或动物视为不洁的。梅瑟因天主的默示,也承认这种洁与不洁的习俗;凡习俗中具有迷信色彩的,都除掉了,而予以宗教意义。因为梅瑟认为,洁与不洁的意义,只是引导选民效法天主的圣洁。有关本章的经文,应当注意的是:一、1-28节所有的规定,由来很古,可能梅瑟以前即已流行;29-47节一段,是写於梅瑟以後与君主时代之间;二、关於动物名称,有些无法确定;叁、动物的分类,不是按照动物学的分类,而是依照通俗的说法。


肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 12
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:若一婦人分娩,生一男孩,七天之久,她是不潔的;她不潔有如經期不潔一樣。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: If a woman having received seed shall bear a man child, she shall be unclean seven days, according to the days of the separation of her flowers.
3第八天,應給孩子割損。 3And on the eighth day the infant shall be circumcised:
4此外,她還要守度三十三天的潔血期。在未滿取潔的日期以前,不可接觸任何聖物,不可走進聖所。 4But she shall remain three and thirty days in the blood of her purification. She shall touch no holy thing, neither shall she enter into the sanctuary, until the days of her purification be fulfilled.
5若生一女孩,兩星期是不潔的,有如經期一樣。此外,還要守度六十六天的潔血期。 5But if she shall bear a maid child, she shall be unclean two weeks, according to the custom of her monthly courses, and she shall remain in the blood of her purification sixty-six days.
6一滿了取潔的日期,不拘為兒子或女兒,她應在會幕門口交給司祭一隻一歲的羔羊,獻作全燔祭;一隻雛鴿或一隻斑鳩,獻作贖罪祭。 6And when the days of her purification are expired, for a son, or for a daughter, she shall bring to the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, a lamb of a year old for a holocaust, and a young pigeon or a turtle for sin, and shall deliver them to the priest:
7司祭將祭品奉獻在上主面前,為她行贖罪禮,她纔算由流血的狀況中潔淨了:以上是關於生男或生女的婦人的法律。 7Who shall offer them before the Lord, and shall pray for her, and so she shall be cleansed from the issue of her blood. This is the law for her that beareth a man child or a maid child.
8但若她的財力不夠備辦一隻羔羊,可帶兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿:一隻獻作全燔祭,一隻獻作贖罪祭。司祭為她行贖罪禮,她就潔淨了。」 8And if her hand find not sufficiency, and she is not able to offer a lamb, she shall take two turtles, or two young pigeons, one for a holocaust, and another for sin: and the priest shall pray for her, and so she shall be cleansed.



12:1-8
大概梅瑟以前,有许多民族已有为产妇取洁的风俗。但梅瑟制定此礼,除合乎生理卫生之道外,也叫人想起自己的罪,另外男女性生活中能犯的罪,又叫人感念天主所赐的子女。关於贫穷的圣母玛利亚如何遵守了这取洁的法律,见路2:22,23。
肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 13
1上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
2「若人在肉皮上生了腫瘤或瘡癤或斑痕,他肉皮上有了這種癩病的症象,就應把他帶到亞郎司祭,或他作司祭的一個兒子前。 2The man in whose skin or flesh shalt arise a different colour or a blister, or as it were something shining, that is, the stroke of the leprosy, shall be brought to Aaron the priest, or any one of his sons.
3司祭應查看肉皮上的症象;若患處的毛變白,若患處似乎已深過肉皮,這便是癩病的症候。司祭一看出,就應聲明他是不潔的。 3And if he see the leprosy in his skin, and the hair turned white, and the place where the leprosy appears lower than the skin and the rest of the flesh: it is the stroke of the leprosy, and upon his judgment he shall be separated.
4但若他肉皮上的斑痕發白,而不見得深過肉皮,毛又沒有變白,司祭應將患者隔離七天。 4But if there be a shining whiteness in the skin, and not lower than the other flesh, and the hair be of the former colour, the priest shall shut him up seven days.
5到第七天,司祭再查看他,如見患處顏色未變,皮上的患處沒有蔓延,司祭應將他再隔離七天。 5And the seventh day he shall look on him: and if the leprosy be grown no farther, and hath not spread itself in the skin, he shall shut him up again other seven days.
6到第七天,司祭再查看他,如見患處顏色已淡,皮上的患處也沒有蔓延,司祭應聲明他是潔淨的,這不過是一種瘡癤;他洗過衣服,就潔淨了。 6And on the seventh day, he shall look on him: if the leprosy be somewhat obscure, and not spread in the skin, he shall declare him clean, because it is but a scab: and the man shall wash his clothes, and shall be clean.
7但在司祭查看,聲明他潔淨以後,如瘡癤在皮膚上又蔓延開,應再去叫司祭查看。 7But if the leprosy grow again, after he was seen by the priest and restored to cleanness, he shall be brought to him,
8司祭應查看他,若見他皮膚上的瘡癤蔓延開了,應聲明他是不潔的,已成為癩病。 8And shall be condemned of uncleanness.
9若人身上有了癩病的症象,應帶他去見司祭; 9If the stroke of the leprosy be in a man, he shall be brought to the priest,
10司祭應查看他,若見皮膚上白腫,毛已變白,腫處出現贅疣, 10And he shall view him. And when there shall be a white colour in the skin, and it shall have changed the look of the hair, and the living flesh itself shall appear:
11這是他肉皮上的慢性癩病;司祭應聲明他是不潔的,不必將他隔離,因為他已是不潔的。 11It shall be judged an inveterate leprosy, and grown into the skin. The priest therefore shall declare him unclean, and shall not shut him up, because he is evidently unclean.
12但若癩瘡在皮上蔓延,凡司祭能看見的地方,從頭到腳,癩瘡遮蓋了患者的全身皮膚, 12But if the leprosy spring out running about in the skin, and cover all the skin from the head to the feet, whatsoever falleth under the sight of the eyes,
13司祭查看他,若見癩瘡遮蓋了他全身,就應聲明患者是潔淨的;因為全身變白,便是潔淨的。 13The priest shall view him, and shall judge that the leprosy which he has is very clean: because it is all turned into whiteness, and therefore the man shall be clean.
14但他身上一出現贅疣,就成了不潔淨的; 14But when the live flesh shall appear in him,
15司祭一見這贅疣,就應聲明他是不潔的;因為這贅疣是不潔的,分明是癩病。 15Then by the judgment of the priest he shall be defiled, and shall be reckoned among the unclean: for live flesh, if it be spotted with leprosy, is unclean.
16但若贅疣再變白,他應再去見司祭; 16And if again it be turned into whiteness, and cover all the man,
17司祭查看他,若見患處變白,司祭應聲明患者是潔淨的;他便是潔淨的。 17The priest shall view him, and shall judge him to be clean.
18若人肉皮上生了瘡,已醫好了; 18When also there has been an ulcer in the flesh and the skin, and it has been healed,
19但在瘡處又起了白腫,或白中帶紅的斑痕,就應去叫司祭查看。 19And in the place of the ulcer, there appeareth a white scar, or somewhat red, the man shall be brought to the priest:
20司祭查看他,若見患處似乎已深過皮膚,並且毛已變白,就應聲明他是不潔的:這是由瘡轉成癩病的症象。 20And when he shall see the place of the leprosy lower than the other flesh, and the hair turned white, he shall declare him unclean, for the plague of leprosy is broken out in the ulcer.
21但若司祭查看,見上面沒有白毛,也未深過皮膚,顏色已淡,司祭就應將他隔離七天。 21But if the hair be of the former colour, and the scar somewhat obscure, and be not lower than the flesh that is near it, he shall shut him up seven days.
22若病在皮膚上蔓延開了,司祭就應聲明他是不潔的:這是癩病的症象。 22And if it spread, he shall judge him to have the leprosy:
23但是,如果斑痕留在原處,沒有蔓延,這是瘡痕;司祭應聲明他是潔淨的。 23But if it stay in its place, it is but the scar of an ulcer, and the man shall be clean.
24若人肉皮上受了火傷,傷處的贅疣生了白裡帶紅,或純白的斑痕, 24The flesh also and skin that hath been burnt, and after it is healed hath a white or a red scar,
25司祭就應查看他:若見斑痕上的毛已變白,似乎深過皮膚,這是由火傷轉成的癩病,司祭應聲明他為不潔:這是癩病的症候。 25The priest shall view it, and if he see it turned white, and the place thereof is lower than the other skin: he shall declare him unclean, because the evil of leprosy is broken out in the scar.
26但若司祭查看,見斑痕上沒有白毛,並未深過皮膚,而且顏色已淡,司祭就應將他隔離七天。 26But if the colour of the hair be not changed, nor the blemish lower than the other flesh, and the appearance of the leprosy be somewhat obscure, he shall shut him up seven days,
27到第七天,司祭再查看他,若斑痕在皮膚上蔓延開了,司祭就應聲明他是不潔的:這是癩病的症候。 27And on the seventh day he shall view him: if the leprosy be grown farther in the skin, he shall declare him unclean.
28但若斑痕留在原處,沒有在皮膚上蔓延,顏色已淡,這只是火傷的腫脹,司祭應聲明他是潔淨的,因為這只是火傷疤痕。 28But if the whiteness stay in its place, and be not very clear, it is the sore of a burning, and therefore he shall be cleansed, because it is only the scar of a burning.
29不拘男女,若在頭上或嘴上有瘡痕, 29If the leprosy break out in the head or the beard of a man or woman, the Priest shall see them,
30司祭應查看瘡痕,若見患處似乎深過皮膚,而且長了黃色細毛,司祭應聲明他是不潔的:這是癬疥,是頭上或嘴上的癩病。 30And if the place be lower than the other flesh, and the hair yellow, and thinner than usual: he shall declare them unclean, because it is the leprosy of the head and the beard;
31但若司祭查看癬疥患處不見得深過皮膚,上面也沒有黑毛,司祭就應將這患癬疥的人隔離七天。 31But if he perceive the place of the spot is equal with the flesh that is near it, and the hair black: he shall shut him up seven days,
32到第七天,司祭再查看患處,若見癬疥沒有蔓延,上面也沒有黑毛,而且不見得深過皮膚, 32And on the seventh day he shall look upon it. If the spot be not grown, and the hair keep its colour, and the place of the blemish be even with the other flesh:
33這人就應剃去鬚髮,只不剃生癬疥處;司祭應將他再隔離七天。 33The man shall be shaven all but the place of the spot, and he shall be shut up other seven days:
34到第七天,司祭再查看癬疥,如果見癬疥在皮膚上沒有蔓延,不見得深過皮膚,司祭就應聲明他是潔淨的;洗過衣服,就潔淨了。 34If on the seventh day the evil seem to have stayed in its place, and not lower than the other flesh, he shall cleanse him, and his clothes being washed he shall be clean.
35但若在聲明他潔淨以後,癬疥在皮膚上又蔓延開了, 35But if after his cleansing the spot spread again in the skin,
36司祭應再查看,若見癬疥在皮膚上蔓延了,司祭不必再檢查黃毛,患者已是不潔淨的。 36He shall seek no more whether the hair be turned yellow, because he is evidently unclean.
37但若癬疥的顏色未變,上面又生有黑毛,癬疥已治好,患者已潔淨,司祭應聲明患者是潔淨的。 37But if the spot be stayed, and the hair be black, let him know that the man is healed, and let him confidently pronounce him clean.
38不拘男女,若肉皮上起了些斑痕,即白色的斑痕, 38If a whiteness appear in the skin of a man or a woman,
39司祭就應查看;如見肉皮上的斑痕呈灰白色,那是皮膚上起的皮疹,患者是潔淨的。 39The priest shall view them. If he find that a darkish whiteness shineth in the skin, let him know that it is not the leprosy, but a white blemish, and that the man is clean.
40若人的頭髮掉了,成了禿頭,他是潔淨的; 40The man whose hair falleth off from his head, he is bald and clean:
41若人頭頂上的頭髮掉了,成了前腦禿的人,他是潔淨的。 41And if the hair fall from his forehead, he is bald before and clean.
42但是,如果在腦後或腦前的禿處,起了白中帶紅的瘡痕,這是他腦後或腦前的禿處起的癩病。 42But if in the bald head or in the bald forehead there be risen a white or reddish colour,
43司祭應查看,若見他腦後或腦前禿處腫起的地方白中帶紅,看來彷彿肉皮上生的癩病, 43And the priest perceive this, he shall condemn him undoubtedly of leprosy which is risen in the bald part.
44這人即是癩病人,已是不潔,司祭應聲明他是不潔的,因為他頭上有了癩病的症象。 44Now whosoever shall be defiled with the leprosy, and is separated by the judgment of the priest,
45凡身患癩病的人,應穿撕裂的衣服,披頭散髮,將口唇遮住,且喊說:「不潔!不潔!」 45Shall have his clothes hanging loose, his head bare, his mouth covered with a cloth, and he shall cry out that he is defiled and unclean.
46在他患癩病的時日內,常是不潔的。他既是不潔的,就應獨居;他的住處應在營外。 46All the time that he is a leper and unclean, he shall dwell alone without the camp.
47若衣服上有了癩病的跡象,不拘是毛衣或麻衣, 47A woollen or linen garment that shall have the leprosy
48或用麻及毛紡織或編織的布,或皮革,或任何皮製的物品上,有了癩病的跡象; 48In the warp, and the woof, or a skin. or whatsoever is made of a skin,
49若衣服或皮革,或紡織或編織的布,或任何皮製的器具上,有了發綠或發紅的斑痕:這就是癩病的跡象,應交由司祭查看。 49If it be infected with a white or red spot, it shall be accounted the leprosy, and shall be shewn to the priest.
50司祭查看斑痕以後,應將帶有斑痕的物品收藏七天。 50And he shall look upon it and shall shut it up seven days:
51到第七天,司祭再查看那斑痕,如果斑痕在衣服上,成紡織或編織的布上,或皮革上,或在任何皮製的物品上蔓延開了,這就是惡性癩病的跡象,物品即是不潔的。 51And on the seventh day when he looketh on it again, if he find that it if grown, it is a Axed leprosy: he shall judge the garment unclean, and every thing wherein it shall be found:
52凡帶有這斑痕的衣服,用毛或麻紡織或編織的布,或任何皮製的器具,都應焚燒;因為這是惡性的癩病,應用火燒燬。 52And therefore it shall be burnt with fire.
53但若司祭查看時,見斑痕在衣服上,或紡織或編織的布上,或任何皮製的器具上,沒有蔓延, 53But if he see that it is not grown,
54司祭當吩咐人將帶有斑痕的物品洗滌,再收藏七天。 54He shall give orders, and they shall wash that part wherein the leprosy is, and he shall shut it up other seven days.
55司祭查看洗過的物品以後,若見斑痕沒有變色,也沒有蔓延,物品即是不潔的,應用火燒掉,因為裡外都腐蝕了。 55And when he shall see that the former colour is not returned, nor yet the leprosy spread, he shall judge it unclean, and shall burn it with fire, for the leprosy has taken hold of the outside of the garment, or through the whole.
56但若司祭查看時,見斑痕在洗滌後已變暗淡,應從衣服,或皮革,或紡織或編織的布上,將那塊撕去; 56But if the place of the leprosy be somewhat dark, after the garment is washed, he shall tear it off, and divide it from that which is sound.
57以後,如果在衣服上,或紡織或編織的布上,或任何皮製的器具上,再出現斑痕,即是舊病復發:帶有斑痕的物品,就應用火燒了。 57And if after this there appear in those places that before were without spot, a flying and wandering leprosy: it must be burnt with fire.
58如果衣服,或紡織或編織的布,或任何皮製的器具,一經洗滌,上面的斑痕就不見了;再洗一次就潔淨了。 58If it cease, he shall wash with water the parts that are pure, the second time, and they shall be clean.
59這是關於毛衣或麻衣,或紡織的布,或編織的布,或任何皮製的器具的癩病跡象,聲明潔淨與不潔淨的法律。」 59This is the law touching the leprosy of any woollen or linen garment, either in the warp or woof, or any thing of skins, how it ought to be cleansed, or pronounced unclean.



13:1-8
13,14两章的规定,大部分是出於梅瑟时代,因按13:46; 14:3,8等处,记载当时的人还住在营幕内,一小部分似乎是成於民长时代。又这二章的记述,在医学史上是非常重要的;但是治病的方法,不是科学的,而是由经验得来的。以色列民族和其他民族一样,做司祭的也是医生。本章所说的「癞病」,指数种皮肤病,也指衣服和房屋因湿热而发的霉烂。关於此数种疾病的徵象,作者以决疑法,陈述得相当清楚。直到中世纪,圣教会在所设的癞病院内,也沿用了本章所记载的方法。

















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 14
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「關於癩病人取潔之日應守的法律如下:應引他去見司祭, 2This is the rite of a leper, when he is to be cleansed: he shall be brought to the priest:
3司祭應到營外查看,如見癩病人的病症痊癒了, 3Who going out of the camp when he shall And that the leprosy is cleansed,
4就吩咐人為那取潔者,拿兩隻潔淨的活鳥、香柏木、朱紅線和牛膝草來; 4Shall command him that is to be purified, to offer for himself two living sparrows, which it is lawful to eat, and cedar wood, and scarlet, and hyssop.
5然後吩咐人在盛著活水的陶器上,宰殺一隻鳥。 5And he shall command one of the sparrows to be immolated in an earthen vessel over living waters:
6司祭拿另一隻活鳥同香柏木、朱紅線和牛膝草,連活鳥一起浸在殺於活水上的鳥血內, 6But the other that is alive he shall dip, with the cedar wood, and the scarlet and the hyssop, in the blood of the sparrow that is immolated:
7向那取潔的癩病人灑血七次,使他潔淨;然後放那隻活鳥飛向田野, 7Wherewith he shall sprinkle him that is to be cleansed seven times, that he may be rightly purified: and he shall let go the living sparrow, that it may fly into the field.
8那取潔的人洗滌自己的衣服,剃去身上所有的毛,用水洗澡,這樣就算潔淨了。此後,他方可進入營內,但仍應在自己帳幕外居住七天。 8And when the man hath washed his clothes, he shall shave all the hair of his body, and shall be washed with water: and being purified, he shall enter into the camp, yet so that he tarry without his own tent seven days:
9到了第七天,他應剃去身上所有的毛:頭髮、鬍鬚和眉毛;身上所有的毛都應剃去,然後洗滌衣服,用水洗身,就算完全潔淨了。 9And on the seventh day he shall shave the hair of his head, and his beard and his eyebrows, and the hair of all his body. And having washed again his clothes, and his body,
10到第八天,他應帶兩隻無瑕的公羔羊,一隻一歲的無瑕母羔羊,作素祭用的十分之三『厄法』油調的細麵,和一「羅格」油。 10On the eighth day he shall take two lambs without blemish, and an ewe of a year old without blemish, and three tenths of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice, and a sextary of oil apart.
11行取潔禮的司祭,應叫取潔的人拿著這一切,站在會幕門口,上主面前。 11And when the priest that purifieth the man, hath presented him, and all these things before the Lord, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony,
12司祭取一隻公羔羊同一「羅格」油,一起獻作贖過祭,在上主前行奉獻的搖禮。 12He shall take a. lamb, and offer it for a trespass offering with the sextary of oil: and having offered all before the Lord,
13然後在宰殺贖罪祭和全燔祭犧牲的聖地方,宰殺這隻公羔羊,因為贖過祭犧牲,如贖罪祭犧牲一樣,應歸司祭:這是至聖之物。 13He shall immolate the lamb, where the victim for sin is wont to be immolated, and the holocaust, that is, in the holy place: for as that which is for sin, so also the victim for a trespass offering pertaineth to the priest: it is holy of holies.
14司祭取些贖過祭犧牲的血, 抹在取潔者的右耳垂,右手拇指和右腳大趾上; 14And the priest taking of the blood of the victim that was immolated for trespass, shall put it upon the tip of the right ear of him that is cleansed, and upon the thumb of his right hand and the great toe of his right foot:
15再由那一「羅格」油中,取些油倒在自己的左手掌中, 15And he shall pour of the sextary of oil into his own left. hand,
16將自己的一個右手指,浸在左手掌中的油內,用手指在上主前灑油七次; 16And shall dip his right finger in it, and sprinkle it before the Lord seven times.
17然後將掌中剩下的油,抹在取潔者的右耳垂,右手拇指和右腳大趾上,即在抹贖過祭犧牲血的地方。 17And the rest of the oil in his left band, he shall pour upon the tip of the right ear of him that is cleansed, and upon the thumb of his right hand and the great toe of his right foot, and upon the blood that was shed for trespass,
18以後將掌中剩下的油,都抹在取潔者的頭上:如此司祭在上主面前為那人行了贖罪禮。 18And upon his head.
19此後,司祭應奉獻贖罪祭,為取潔者贖罪除去不潔;最後應宰殺全燔祭犧牲, 19And he shall pray for him before the Lord, and shall offer the sacrifice for sin: then shall he immolate the holocaust,
20在祭壇上奉獻全燔祭和素祭。司祭這樣為他行了贖罪禮,他就潔淨了。 20And put it on the altar with the libations thereof, and the man shall be rightly cleansed.
21但是,如果他貧窮,手中財力不足,可拿一隻公羔羊作贖過祭,行搖禮為他贖罪;十分之一『厄法』油調的細麵作素祭,一「羅格」油, 21But if he be poor, and his hand cannot find the things aforesaid: he shall take a lamb for an offering for trespass, that the priest may pray for him, and a tenth part of hour tempered with oil for a sacrifice, and a sextary of oil,
22和按財力所能備辦的兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿:一隻作贖罪祭,一隻作全燔祭。 22And two turtles or two young pigeons, of which one may be for sin, and the other for a holocaust:
23他應在第八天,將這一切送交司祭,在會幕門口於上主面前為自己取潔。 23And he shall offer them on the eighth day of his purification to the priest, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony before the Lord.
24司祭便取那隻作贖過祭的公羔羊和一「羅格」油,在上主面前行奉獻的搖禮; 24And the priest receiving the lamb for trespass, and the sextary of oil, shall elevate them together.
25然後宰殺作贖過祭的公羔羊,取些贖過祭犧牲的血,抹在取潔者的右耳垂,右手拇指和右腳大趾上; 25And the lamb being immolated, he shall put of the blood thereof upon the tip of the right ear of him that is cleansed, and upon the thumb of his right hand, and the great toe of his right foot:
26然後倒些油在自己左手掌中, 26But he shall pour part of the oil into his own left hand,
27用一隻右手指蘸些左手掌中的油,在上主面前灑七次; 27And dipping the finger of his right hand in it, he shall sprinkle it seven times before the Lord:
28再將掌中的油抹在取潔者的右耳垂,右手拇指和右腳大趾上,即在抹贖過祭犧牲血的地方; 28And he shall touch the tip of the right ear of him that is cleansed, and the thumb of his right hand and the great toe of his right foot, in the place of the blood that was shed for trespass.
29掌中還有的剩下的油,都抹在取潔者的頭上,為他在上主面前行贖罪禮。 29And the other part of the oil that is in his left hand, he shall pour upon the head of the purified person, that he may appease the Lord for him.
30取潔的人按自己財力,所能備辦的兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿, 30And he shall offer a turtle, or young pigeon,
31按他的財力所能獻的,其中一隻獻作贖罪祭,一隻獻作全燔祭,同素祭一起獻上。司祭應這樣為取潔的人在上主面前行贖罪禮。 31One for trespass, and the other for a holocaust, with their libations.
32這是關於身患癩病而財力不足備辦取潔祭品者的法律。」 32This is the sacrifice of a leper, that is not able to have all things that appertain to his cleansing.
33上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 33And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
34「當你們進入了我賜給你們作產業的客納罕地,在你們佔有的地方,我令房屋發生癩病跡象時, 34When you shall be come into the land of Chanaan, which I will give you for a possession, if there be the plague of leprosy in a house,
35房主就應去告訴司祭說:我看在我房屋內出現了一些相似癩病的斑痕。 35He whose house it is, shall go and tell the priest, saying: It seemeth to me, that there is the plague of leprosy in my house,
36在司祭進去查看斑痕以前,應吩咐人先搬空房屋,免得屋內的一切染上不潔;然後司祭進去查看房屋。 36And he shall command, that they carry forth all things out of the house, before he go into it, and see whether it have the leprosy, lest all things become unclean that are in the house. And afterwards he shall go in to view the leprosy of the house.
37司祭查看斑痕時,如見屋內牆上的斑痕帶些發綠或發紅的小孔,似乎深過牆皮, 37And if he see in the walls thereof as it were little dints, disfigured with paleness or redness, and lower than all the rest,
38就應由屋內出來,到房門口,將房屋封鎖七天。 38He shall go out of the door of the house, and forthwith shut it up seven days,
39到第七天,司祭再來查看,如見斑痕在屋內牆上蔓延開了, 39And returning on the seventh day, he shall look upon it. If he find that the leprosy is spread,
40就應命人拔出有斑痕的石頭,丟在城外不潔的地方; 40He shall command, that the stones wherein the leprosy is, be taken out, and cast without the city into an unclean place:
41且叫人刮淨屋內四周,將刮下的灰土,倒在城外不潔的地方, 41And that the house be scraped on the inside round about, and the dust of the scraping be scattered without the city into an unclean place:
42再拿別的石頭嵌進拔出的石頭處,拿別的灰土,粉刷房屋。 42And that other stones be laid in the place of them that were taken away, and the house be plastered with other mortar.
43在拔出石頭,刮掃,粉刷房屋以後,如斑痕又在屋內出現, 43But if, after the stones be taken out, and the dust scraped off, and it be plastered with other earth,
44司祭還應來查看,如見斑痕在屋內蔓延開了,這就是房屋上的腐蝕性癩病;這房屋即是不潔的, 44The priest going in perceive that the leprosy is returned, and the walls full of spots, it is a lasting leprosy, and the house is unclean:
45應拆毀這座房屋;房屋的石頭、木材和所有的灰土,都應運到城外不潔的地方。 45And they shall destroy it forthwith, and shall cast the stones and timber thereof, and all the dust without the town into an unclean place.
46整個封鎖日期內,如有人進入屋內,直到晚上成為不潔的; 46He that entereth into the house when it is shut, shall be unclean until evening,
47如有人在這屋內睡覺,應洗滌自己的衣服;如有人在這屋內吃飯,亦應洗滌自己的衣服。 47And he that sleepeth in it, and eateth any thing, shall wash his clothes.
48但是,如果司祭來查看,見房屋刷新以後,斑痕在屋內沒有蔓延,司祭就應聲明房屋是潔淨的,因為患處已好了。 48But if the priest going in perceive that the leprosy is not spread in the house, after it was plastered again, he shall purify it, it being cured,
49司祭應拿兩隻飛鳥、香柏木、朱紅線和牛膝草來為房屋取潔; 49And for the purification thereof he shall take two sparrows, and cedar wood, and scarlet, and hyssop:
50一隻飛鳥,應在盛有活水的陶器上宰殺, 50And having immolated one sparrow In an earthen vessel over living waters,
51然後拿香柏木、牛膝草、朱紅線和那隻活鳥,一同浸在那已殺的鳥血及活水內,向房屋連灑七次。 51He shall take the cedar wood, and the hyssop, and the scarlet, and the living sparrow, and shall dip all in the blood of the sparrow that is immolated, and in the living water, and he shall sprinkle the house seven times:
52用鳥血、活水、活鳥、香柏木、牛膝草、朱紅線為房屋取潔以後, 52And shall purify it as well with the blood of the sparrow, as with the living water, and with the living sparrow, and with the cedar wood, and the hyssop, and the scarlet.
53司祭應放那隻活鳥飛向城外的田野:他這樣為房屋行取潔禮,房屋就潔淨了。 53And when he hath let go the sparrow to fly freely away into the field, he shall pray for the house, and it shall be rightly cleansed.
54這是關於各種癩病症象、癬疥、 54This is the law of every kind of leprosy and stroke.
55衣癩、屋癩、 55Of the leprosy of garments and houses,
56腫瘤、瘡癤和斑痕, 56Of a scar and of blisters breaking out, of a shining spot, and when the colours are diversely changed:
57使人知道幾時不潔,幾時潔淨的法律。這是關於癩病所定的法律。」 57That it may be known when a thing is clean or unclean.



14:1-32
司祭为癞病人行取洁礼时,应做以下两件事:一、声明患者已经痊愈;二、声明他仍有资格享受选民的各种权利。「洁净的活鸟」,即指依照法律可吃的飞禽(11章)。香柏木因有香气和坚固,表示患者已获得健康。朱红线是困牛膝草和香柏木枝的,也表示患者的血已焕然一新。活水即指流动的水,以别於井水。释放活鸟,表示病愈者重获自由。由所献的祭品,可知以色列民看癞病是象徵罪恶的一种疾病。参阅4; 5两章论赎罪祭和赎过祭。

14:33-47
所谓「房屋的癞病」,不是因癞病人居住所致,而是指墙壁上因潮湿发生的灰白色,有发绿或发红的斑点。

14:48-53
为房屋所行的取洁礼,和为患癞病人所行的,几乎完全相同。由此可见这法律的用意,不但但重卫生,而且也也重选民的圣洁。


肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 15
1上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
2「你們告訴以色列子民說:幾時一個男人身患淋病,淋病使他不潔。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: The man that hath an issue of seed, shall be unclean.
3淋病使人不潔的光景是這樣:不論他身體常流淋液,或有時止住,他總是不潔的。 3And then shall he be judged subject to this evil, when a filthy humour, at every moment, cleaveth to his flesh, and gathereth there.
4凡有淋病的人睡過的床,即染上不潔;凡他坐過之物,即染上不潔。 4Every bed on which he sleepeth, shall be unclean, and every place on which he sitteth.
5凡人摸了他的床,這人應洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的。 5If any man touch his bed, he shall wash his clothes: and being washed with water, he shall be unclean until the evening.
6誰坐了淋病人坐過之物,該洗自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的; 6If a man sit where that man hath sitten, he also shall wash his clothes: and being washed with water, shall be unclean until the evening.
7誰摸了淋病人的身體,該洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的。 7He that toucheth his flesh, shall wash his clothes: and being himself washed with water shall be unclean until the evening.
8若有淋病的人,在潔淨人身上吐了唾沫,這人就應洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的。 8If such a man cast his spittle upon him that is clean, he shall wash his clothes: and being washed with water, he shall be unclean until the evening.
9凡有淋病的人坐過的鞍子,即染上不潔。 9The saddle on which he hath sitten shall be unclean.
10誰摸了他身下的任何東西,直到晚上是不潔的;誰攜帶了這些東西,該洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的。 10And whatsoever has been under him that hath the issue of seed, shall be unclean until the evening. He that carrieth any of these things, shall wash his clothes: and being washed with water, he shall be unclean until the evening.
11若有淋病的人,沒有用水洗手接觸了人,這人就應洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的。 11Every person whom such a one shall touch, not having washed his hands before, shall wash his clothes: and being washed with water, shall be unclean until the evening.
12凡有淋病的人摸過的陶器,都應打破,任何木具,都應用水洗淨。 12If he touch a vessel of earth, it shall be broken: but if a vessel of wood, if shall be washed with water.
13幾時有淋病的人治好不流了,他應計算七天為取潔期,洗滌自己的衣服,用活水洗身,然後就潔淨了。 13If he who suffereth this disease be healed, he shall number seven days after his cleansing, and having washed his clothes, and all his body in living water, he shall be clean.
14到第八天,應拿兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿,來到上主面前,在會幕門口,交給司祭。 14And on the eighth day he shall take two turtles, or two young pigeons, and he shall come before the Lord, to the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, and shall give them to the priest:
15司祭應奉獻一隻作贖罪祭,另一隻作全燔祭。這樣司祭就替他在上主面前,為他的淋病行了贖罪禮。 15Who shall offer one for sin, and the other for a holocaust: and he shall pray for him before the Lord, that he may be cleansed of the issue of his seed.
16人若遺精,應用水洗淨全身,直到晚上是不潔的。 16The man from whom the seed of copulation goeth out, shall wash all his body with water: and he shall be unclean until the evening.
17凡沾有精液的衣服或皮物,應用水洗淨,直到晚上是不潔的。 17The garment or skin that he weareth, he shall wash with water, and it shall be unclean until the evening.
18男女同房媾精,兩人都應用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的。 18The woman, with whom he copulateth, shall be washed with water, and shall be unclean until the evening.
19女人幾時行經,有血由她體內流出,她的不潔期應為七天;誰接觸了她,直到晚上不潔。 19The woman, who at the return of the month, hath her issue of blood, shall be separated seven days.
20她不潔期內,凡她臥過之處,都染上不潔;凡她坐過的地方,也染上不潔; 20Every one that toucheth her, shall be unclean until the evening.
21凡摸過她床榻的,應洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的; 21And every thing that she sleepeth on, or that she sitteth on in the days of her separation, shall be defiled.
22凡摸過她坐過之物的,應洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的; 22He that toucheth her bed shall wash his clothes: and being himself washed with water, shall be unclean until the evening.
23誰若摸了她床上,或她坐過之物上的東西,直到晚上是不潔的; 23Whosoever shall touch any vessel on which she sitteth, shall wash his clothes: and himself being washed with water, shall be defiled until the evening.
24若男人與她同房,也沾染上她的不潔,七天之久,是不潔的;凡他臥過的床,也染上不潔。 24If a man copulateth with her in the time of her flowers, he shall be unclean seven days: and every bed on which he shall sleep shall be defiled.
25女人若在經期外,多日流血;或者,她流血超過了她月經的日期,在流不潔之物的整個時期內,她如在經期內一樣不潔。 25The woman that hath an issue of blood many days out of her ordinary time, or that ceaseth not to flow after the monthly courses, as long as she is subject to this disease, shall be unclean, in the same manner as if she were in her flowers.
26凡她流血期內所臥過的床,就如在經期臥過的床一樣染上不潔;凡她坐過之物,就如她經期內所坐之物一樣,染上不潔。 26Every bed on which she sleepeth, and every vessel on which she sitteth, shall be defiled.
27誰若摸了,就染上不潔,應洗滌自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上不潔。 27Whosoever toucheth them shall wash his clothes: and himself being washed with water, shall be unclean until the evening.
28幾時她治好不流了,她應計算七天,為取潔期。 28If the blood stop and cease to run, she shall count seven days of her purification:
29到第八天,應拿兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿,來到會幕門口交給司祭; 29And on the eighth day she shall offer for herself to the priest, two turtles, or two young pigeons, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony:
30司祭應奉獻一隻作贖罪祭,另一隻作全燔祭:這樣司祭就替她在上主面前,為她所流的不潔之物行了贖罪禮。 30And he shall offer one for sin, and the other for a holocaust, and he shall pray for her before the Lord, and for the issue of her uncleanness.
31你們應叫以色列子民戒避他們的不潔,免得他們因不潔,玷污了我在他們中的住所,而遭受死亡。 31You shall teach therefore the children of Israel to take heed of uncleanness, that they may not die in their filth, when they shall have defiled my tabernacle that is among them.
32這是有關因淋病,或遺精沾染不潔的人, 32This is the law of him that hath the issue of seed, and that is defiled by copulation.
33和行經的婦女,即有關有任何遺漏的男女,以及與不潔的女人同房的男人的法律。」 33And of the woman that is separated in her monthly times, or that hath a continual issue of blood, and of the man that sleepeth with her.



15:1-33
希伯来人将一切有关性行为的事,不管合法或不合法,不管有心或无心,都视为神秘和神圣的事。因为他们深信,一切涉及赋予生命的事物 性行为,性器官,甚至性病 都有天主的特殊照顾。本章法律的要点,可说导源於梅瑟;但有些细则,似乎是以色列人到了安居之地後,民长时代或君主初期立定的。




















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 16
1亞郎的兩個兒子,因擅自走近上主面前而遭受死亡;他們死後,上主訓示梅瑟, 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they were slain upon their offering strange fire:
2對他這樣說:「你告訴你的哥哥亞郎,不可隨時進入帳幔後的聖所,到約櫃上的贖罪蓋前去,免得在我乘雲顯現在贖罪蓋上時,遭受死亡。 2And he commanded him, saying, Speak to Aaron thy brother, that he enter not at all into the sanctuary, which is within the veil before the propitiatory, with which the ark is covered, lest he die, (for I will appear in a cloud over the oracle,)
3亞郎應這樣進入聖所:帶上一隻公牛犢作贖罪祭,一隻公綿羊作全燔祭; 3Unless he first do these things: He shall offer a calf for sin, and a ram for a holocaust.
4應穿上亞麻聖長衣,身著亞麻短褲,束上亞麻腰帶,戴上亞麻頭巾;這些都是聖衣,他用水洗身後才能穿上。 4He shall be vested with a linen tunick, he shall cover his nakedness with linen breeches: he shall be girded with a linen girdle, and he shall put a linen mitre upon his head: for these are holy vestments: all which he shall put on, after he is washed.
5此外,還應由以色列子民會眾,取兩隻公山羊作贖罪祭,一隻公綿羊作全燔祭。 5And he shall receive from the whole multitude of the children of Israel two buck goats for sin, and one ram for a holocaust.
6亞郎先要奉獻為自己作贖罪祭的公牛犢,替自己和家人贖罪; 6And when he hath offered the calf and prayed for himself, and for his own house,
7以後牽那兩隻公山羊來,放在會幕門口上主面前, 7He shall make the two buck goats to stand before the Lord in the door of the tabernacle of the testimony:
8為這兩隻公山羊抽籤:一籤為上主,一籤為「阿匝則耳」。 8And casting lots upon them both, one to be offered to the Lord, and the other to be the emissary goat:
9亞郎將那為上主抽到的公山羊,獻作贖罪祭; 9That whose lot fell to be offered to the Lord, he shall offer for sin:
10至於那為「阿匝則耳」抽到的公山羊,應讓牠活著,立在上主面前,用牠行贖罪禮,放入曠野,歸於「阿匝則耳」。 10But that whose lot was to be the emissary goat, he shall present alive before the Lord, that he may pour out prayers upon him, and let him go into the wilderness.
11於是亞郎先奉獻為自己作贖罪祭的公牛犢,替自己和家人贖罪,宰殺為自己作贖罪祭的公牛犢; 11After these things are duly celebrated, he shall offer the calf, and praying for himself and for his own house, he shall immolate it:
12隨後由上主面前的祭壇上,拿下盛滿紅炭的火盤,再拿一滿捧細乳香,帶進帳幔內, 12And taking the censer, which he hath filled with the burning coals of the altar, and taking up with his hand the compounded perfume for incense, he shall go in within the veil into the holy place:
13在上主面前將乳香放在火上,使乳香的煙遮住約櫃上的贖罪蓋,免得遭受死亡。 13That when the perfumes are put upon the fire, the cloud and vapour thereof may cover the oracle, which is over the testimony, and he may not die.
14以後,取些牛血,用手指灑在贖罪蓋東面;又用手指在贖罪蓋前,灑血七次。 14He shall take also of the blood of the calf, and sprinkle with his finger seven times towards the propitiatory to the east.
15此後,宰殺了為人民作贖罪祭的公山羊,將羊血帶進帳幔內,照灑牛血的方式,將羊血灑在贖罪蓋上和贖罪蓋的前面, 15And when he hath killed the buck goat for the sin of the people, he shall carry in the blood thereof within the veil, as he was commanded to do with the blood of the calf, that he may sprinkle it over against the oracle,
16為以色列子民的不潔,和他們犯的種種罪過,給聖所取潔;給存留在他們中,為他們不潔玷污的會幕,也舉行同樣的禮儀。 16And may expiate the sanctuary from the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and from their transgressions, and all their sins. According to this rite shall he do to the tabernacle of the testimony, which is fixed among them in the midst of the filth of their habitation.
17當他走進聖所行贖罪禮時,直到他出來,任何人不許在會幕內。幾時他為自己,為家人,為以色列全會眾贖罪完畢, 17Let no man be in the tabernacle when the high priest goeth into the sanctuary, to pray for himself and his house, and for the whole congregation of Israel, until he come out.
18就出來,回到上主面前的祭壇前,為祭壇行取潔禮;取些牛血和羊血,抹在祭壇四周的角上; 18And when he is come out to the altar that is before the Lord, let him pray for himself, and taking the blood of the calf, and of the buck goat, let him pour it upon the horns thereof round about:
19再用手指向祭壇灑血七次:這樣使祭壇免於以色列子民的不潔,而獲潔淨和祝聖。 19And sprinkling with his finger seven times, let him expiate, and sanctify it from the uncleanness of the children of Israel.
20為聖所、會幕及祭壇行完取潔禮後,便將那隻活公山羊牽來, 20After he hath cleansed the sanctuary, and the tabernacle, and the altar, then let him offer the living goat:
21亞郎將雙手按在牠的頭上,明認以色列子民的一切罪惡,和所犯的種種過犯和罪過,全放在這公山羊頭上;然後命派定的人將牠送到曠野。 21And putting both hands upon his head, let him confess all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their offences and sins: and praying that they may light on his head, he shall turn him out by a man ready for it, into the desert.
22這羊負著他們的種種罪惡到了荒野地方,那人應在曠野裡釋放這隻羊。 22And when the goat hath carried all their iniquities into an uninhabited land, and shall be let go into the desert,
23然後亞郎進入會幕,脫下他進入聖所時穿的亞麻衣服,放在那裡, 23Aaron shall return into the tabernacle of the testimony, and putting off the vestments, which he had on him before when he entered into the sanctuary, and leaving them there,
24在聖地方用水洗身,再穿上自己的衣服,出來奉獻自己的全燔祭和人民的全燔祭,為自己和人民行贖罪禮。 24He shall wash his flesh in the holy place, and shall put on his own garments. And after that he has come out and hath offered his own holocaust, and that of the people, he shall pray both for himself, and for the people:
25贖罪祭犧牲的脂肪,應放在祭壇上焚燒。 25And the fat that is offered for sins, he shall burn upon the altar.
26那送公山羊給「阿匝則耳」的,應先洗自己的衣服,用水洗身,然後方可進入營幕。 26But he that hath let go the emissary goat, shall wash his clothes, and his body with water, and so shall enter into the camp.
27作贖罪祭的公牛犢和作贖罪祭的公山羊,牠們的血既帶到聖所內贖罪,皮、肉及糞,都應運到營外,用火燒了。 27But the calf and the buck goat, that were sacrificed for sin, and whose blood was carried into the sanctuary, to accomplish the atonement, they shall carry forth without the camp, and shall burn with fire, their skins and their flesh, and their dung:
28那燒的人,應先洗自己的衣服,用水洗身,然後方可進入營幕。 28And whosoever burneth them shall wash his clothes, and flesh with water, and so shall enter into the camp.
29這為你們是一條永久的法令:七月初十,你們應先克己苦身,不論是本地人,或僑居在你們中間的外方人,任何勞工都不許做, 29And this shall be to you an everlasting ordinance: The seventh month, the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and shall do no work, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourneth among you.
30因為在這一天,你們應為自己贖罪,使自己潔淨,應除去自己的種種過犯,在上主面前再成為潔淨的。 30Upon this day shall be the expiation for you, and the cleansing from all your sins: you shall be cleansed before the Lord.
31這是你們全休息的安息日,應克己苦身:這是永久的法令。 31For it is a sabbath of rest, and you shall afflict your souls by a perpetual religion.
32那位受傅,被委任繼承他父親執行司祭職務的大司祭,應舉行贖罪禮。他應穿上亞麻聖衣, 32And the priest that is anointed, and whose hands are consecrated to do the office of the priesthood in his father's stead, shall make atonement; and he shall be vested with the linen robe and the holy vestments,
33為至聖所,為會幕和祭壇行取潔禮,為眾司祭和全會眾人民行贖罪禮。 33And he shall expiate the sanctuary and the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar, the priest also and all the people.
34每年一次,應為以色列子民,為他們的種種罪過行贖罪禮:這為你們是永久的法令。」人就依照上主吩咐梅瑟的做了。 34And this shall be an ordinance for ever, that you pray for the children of Israel, and for all their sins once in a year. He did therefore as the Lord had commanded Moses.



16:1-5
关於赎罪节,参阅32:26-32;户29:7-11;希9:6-14 及7:26。本章所记载的礼仪,有的的确古老,有些是梅瑟定的,但也有些是在圣殿建成以後才定的。赎罪节自充军直到公元後第十世纪隆重举行,可说是除逾越节外最隆重的节日。按梅瑟法律,只在这一天以色列人当禁食。其他四个禁食日(匝7:3-8:19)都是耶路撒冷陷落後才定的。

16:8-10
「阿匝则耳」是一恶神。按手礼,象徵将人民的罪寄放在公山羊身上,然後把它放入旷野,因为犹太人想旷野原是恶鬼聚集的地方(依13:21; 34:14;玛12:43):这样表示天主赦免了人民的罪过。
肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 17
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴亞郎和他的兒子以及全體以色列子民說:上主這樣吩咐說: 2Speak to Aaron and his sons, and to all the children of Israel, saying to them: This is the word, which the Lord hath commanded, saying:
3以色列家中任何人,在營內或在營外,宰殺牛或綿羊或山羊, 3Any man whosoever of the house of Israel if he kill an ox, or a sheep, or a goat in the camp, or without the camp,
4而不牽到會幕門口,在上主的住所前,奉獻給上主作祭品,這人就應負流血的罪債;他既使血流出,就應由民間剷除。 4And offer it not at the door of the tabernacle an oblation to the Lord, shall be guilty of blood: as if he had shed blood, so shall he perish from the midst of his people.
5為此,以色列子民應將他們平素在野外宰殺的犧牲,牽到上主前,在會幕門口交與司祭宰殺這些犧牲,獻給上主作和平祭。 5Therefore the children of Israel shall bring to the priest their victims, which they kill in the field, that they may be sanctified to the Lord before the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, and they may sacrifice them for peace offerings to the Lord.
6司祭將牲血灑在會幕門口上主的祭壇上,焚燒脂肪,化為中悅上主的馨香。 6And the priest shall pour the blood upon the altar of the Lord, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, and shall burn the fat for a sweet odour to the Lord.
7從此以後,他們不應再宰殺犧牲,獻給他們非法敬拜的一些山羊神:這為他們世世代代是一項永久的法令。 7And they shall no more sacrifice their victims to devils, with whom they have committed fornication. It shall be an ordinance for ever to them and to their posterity.
8此外,你應吩咐他們說:以色列家及僑居在他們中間的外方人,誰若願意獻全燔祭或祭獻, 8And thou shalt say to them: The man of the house of Israel, and of the strangers who sojourn among you, that offereth a holocaust or a victim,
9而不牽到會幕門口,奉獻給上主,這人就應由民間剷除。 9And bringeth it not to the door of the tabernacle of the testimony, that it may be offered to the Lord, shall perish from among his people.
10以色列家及僑居在他們中間的外方人,有人吃了什麼血,我必怒容而視,與這吃血的人作對,由民間將他剷除。 10If any man whosoever of the house of Israel, and of the strangers that sojourn among them, eat blood, I will set my face against his soul, and will cut him off from among his people:
11因為肉軀的生命是在血內,我為你們指定了血,在祭壇上為你們的生命贖罪,因為血具有生命,故能贖罪。 11Because the life of the flesh is in the blood: and I have given it to you, that you may make atonement with it upon the altar for your souls, and the blood may be for an expiation of the soul.
12為此,我吩咐以色列子民說:你們中任何人都不可吃血;僑居在你們中間的外方人,也不可吃血。 12Therefore I have said to the children of Israel: No soul of you, nor of the strangers that sojourn among you, shall eat blood.
13以色列子民和僑居在他們中間的外方人,誰若獵取了可食的野獸或飛禽,該放盡牠的血,用泥土蓋上。 13Any man whosoever of the children of Israel, and of the strangers that sojourn among you, if by hunting or fowling, he take a wild beast or a bird, which is lawful to eat, let him pour out its blood, and cover it with earth.
14因為一切肉軀的生命都繫於血,為此,我吩咐以色列子民說:任何肉上的血,你們都不可吃,因為一切肉軀的生命,都繫於血;誰吃了,應被剷除。 14For the life of all flesh is in the blood: therefore I said to the children of Israel: You shall not eat the blood of any flesh at all, because the life of the flesh is in the blood, and whosoever eateth it, shall be cut off.
15不論是本地人或是外方人,吃了自死或被猛獸撕裂的禽獸,應洗自己的衣服,用水洗澡,直到晚上是不潔的;以後他才潔淨。 15The soul that eateth that which died of itself, or has been caught by a beast, whether he be one of your own country or a stranger, shall wash his clothes and himself with water, and shall be defiled until the evening: and in this manner he shall be made clean.
16但是,如果他不洗衣,也不洗身,應負罪債。」 16But if he do not wash his clothes, and his body, he shall bear his iniquity.



17:1-16
依据1-7节的记述,以色列民仍在旷野中,故有的法律当是梅瑟所制定的。8-16节所记,是最古有关吃血的禁令,和敬礼集中的法律;吃血的禁令,在梅瑟以前已有(创9:4);不过成为明文法律,当在梅瑟後,民长时代,或君主初期。1-6节的法律,命人民每次宰牲,应举行一宗教仪式,目的是叫人民,不再去敬礼旷野里的人民所敬拜的山羊神(参见苏24:18-24)。

17:10, 16
10,16节说明严禁吃血的理由。犹太人以为生命是在血内,又因为生命属於天主(创9:4-7;申12:16;肋3:17;宗15:20-29)。

17:10-16
10-16节说明严禁吃血的理由。犹太人以为生命是在血内,又因为生命属於天主(创9:4-7;申12:16;肋3:17;宗15:20-29)。


















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 18
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:我,上主是你們的天主。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: I am the Lord your God.
3你們不要仿效你們住過的埃及地的習慣,也不要仿效我正要領你們去的客納罕地的習慣,不要隨從他們的風俗; 3You shall not do according to the custom of the land of Egypt, in which you dwelt: neither shall you act according to the manner of the country of Chanaan, into which I will bring you, nor shall you walk in their ordinances.
4應執行我的規定,遵守我的法令,依照遵行:我,上主是你們的天主。 4You shall do my judgments, and shall observe my precepts, and shall walk in them. I am the Lord your God.
5你們應遵守我的法令和規定;遵守的人必因此獲得生命:我是上主。 5Keep my laws and my judgments, which if a man do, he shall live in them. I am the Lord.
6你們中任何人不可親近任何血親,去揭露她的下體:我是上主。 6No man shall approach to her that is near of kin to him, to uncover her nakedness. I am the Lord.
7你不可揭露你父親的下體和你母親的下體:她是你的母親,不可揭露她的下體。 7Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father, or the nakedness of thy mother: she is thy mother, thou shalt not uncover her nakedness.
8你父親妻子的下體,你不可揭露,那是你父親的下體。 8Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's wife: for it is the nakedness of thy father.
9你姊妹的下體,不論她是你父親的女兒,或你母親的女兒,或在家生的,或在外生的,你不可揭露她們的下體。 9Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy sister by father or by mother, whether born at home or abroad.
10你兒子的女兒,或你女兒的女兒的下體,你不可揭露,因為她們的下體是你的下體。 10Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy son's daughter, or thy daughter's daughter: because it is thy own nakedness.
11你不可揭露你父親妻子的女兒的下體,因為她是你父親所生的,是你的姊妹,你不可揭露她的下體。 11Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's wife's daughter, whom she bore to thy father, and who is thy sister.
12你父親姊妹的下體,你不可揭露,因為她是你父親的骨肉。 12Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's sister: because she is the flesh of thy father.
13你母親姊妹的下體,你不可揭露,因為她是你母親的骨肉。 13Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister: because she is thy mother's flesh.
14你父親兄弟的下體,你不可揭露,也不可親近他的妻子;她是你的叔伯母。 14Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy father's brother: neither shalt thou approach to his wife, who is joined to thee by affinity.
15你兒媳的下體,你不可揭露。她是你兒子的妻子,你不可揭露她的下體。 15Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy daughter in law: because she is thy son's wife, neither shalt thou discover her shame.
16你兄弟妻子的下體,你不可揭露;那是你兄弟的下體。 16Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy brother's wife: because it is the nakedness of thy brother.
17你不可揭露了一女人的下體又揭露她女兒的;不可娶她兒子的女兒,或她女兒的女兒,揭露她的下體,她們都是她的血親:這是醜行。 17Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy wife and her daughter. Thou shalt not take her son's daughter or her daughter's daughter, to discover her shame: because they are her flesh, and such copulation is incest.
18你不可娶一女人又娶她的姊妹,做她的情敵,在她活著的時候,揭露她姊妹的下體。 18Thou shalt not take thy wife's sister for a harlot, to rival her, neither shalt thou discover her nakedness, while she is yet living.
19女人在月經不潔期中,你不可接近,揭露她的下體。 19Thou shalt not approach to a woman having her flowers, neither shalt thou uncover her nakedness.
20你近人的妻子你不可與她同寢,為她所沾污。 20Thou shalt not lie with thy neighbour's wife, nor be defiled with mingling of seed.
21你不可使你任何一個子女經火祭獻給摩肋客,亦不可褻瀆你天主的名:我是上主。 21Thou shalt not give any of thy seed to be consecrated to the idol Moloch, nor defile the name of thy God: I am the Lord.
22你不可與男人同寢,如同與女人同寢一樣:這是醜惡行為。 22Thou shalt not lie with mankind as with womankind, because it is an abomination.
23你不可與任何獸類同寢,為牠所淫污;女人亦不可委身與走獸,同牠交合:這是逆性邪惡。 23Thou shalt not copulate with any beast, neither shalt thou be defiled with it. A woman shall not lie down to a beast, nor copulate with it: because it is a heinous crime.
24你們不可以任何這樣的事玷污自己,因為這些民族以這一切事玷污了自己,我正要由你們面前將他們驅逐; 24Defile not yourselves with any of these things with which all the nations have been defiled, which I will cast out before you,
25甚至連這地也玷污了,所以我必追究這地上的罪惡,使這地吐棄地上的居民。 25And with which the land is defiled: the abominations of which I will visit, that it may vomit out its inhabitants.
26至於你們,應遵守我的法令和規定;不論是本地人,或是寄居在你們中間的外方人,這樣醜惡的事,一件也不許做, 26Keep ye my ordinances and my judgments, and do not any of these abominations: neither any of your own nation, nor any stranger that sojourneth among you.
27因為在你們以前住在這地上的人,做過這一切醜惡的事,玷污了這地方。 27For all these detestable things the inhabitants of the land have done, that; were before you, and have defiled it.
28希望這地不因你們而再受到玷污,將你們吐棄,如同吐棄了你們以前的民族。 28Beware then, lest in like manner, it vomit you also out, if you do the like things, as it vomited out the nation that was before you.
29因為,凡做任何一件這樣醜惡的事的,這樣的人,都應由民間剷除。 29Every soul that shall commit any of these abominations, shall perish from the midst of his people.
30所以你們應遵守我的禁令,不可仿效你們以前的人所有的醜惡風俗,免得因此受到玷污:我,上主是你們的天主。」 30Keep my commandments. Do not the things which they have done, that have been before you, and be not defiled therein. I am the Lord your God.



18:1-23
本章论婚姻和贞洁的法律,以「我,上主是你们的天主」一语(2,4两节),为其出发点。关於婚姻的阻碍,古代近东各民族,如巴比伦、赫特等民族中,也有明文规定,有的规定似乎更严格;为此有些学者否认本章的法律起源於梅瑟;此说毫无根据,而且与史事恰相反。本章内所说的下体,是指女人的私处;甚至7,14等节内所说的男子下体,亦指女人下体,因为夫妇结合已成为一体(创2:42),夫之下体,亦即妻之下体。「揭露下体」即指房事。

18:21
21节所提,是指人祭,见申12:31;耶7:31; 19:5; 22;所提及的男色,参见创19;人兽交合之刑,参见出22:18。





















肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 19
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民全會眾說:你們應該是聖的,因為我,上主,你們的天主是聖的。 2Speak to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: Be ye holy, because I the Lord your God am holy.
3你們每人應孝敬母親和父親,應遵守我的安息日。我,上主是你們的天主。 3Let every one fear his father, and his mother. Keep my sabbaths. I am the Lord your God.
4你們不要歸依偶像,也不要為自己鑄造神像:我,上主是你們的天主。 4Turn ye not to idols, nor make to yourselves molten gods. I am the Lord your God.
5若你們給上主祭獻和平祭,要奉獻可蒙受悅納的。 5If ye offer in sacrifice a peace offering to the Lord, that he may be favourable,
6祭肉,應在你們祭獻的當天或第二天吃盡;有剩下的,到第三天應用火燒了。 6You shall eat it on the same day it was offered, and the next day: and whatsoever shall be left until the third day, you shall burn with fire.
7若還有人在第三天吃,這肉已不潔,必不蒙悅納。 7If after two days any man eat thereof, he shall be profane and guilty of impiety:
8那吃的人,必負罪債,因為他褻瀆了上主的聖物;這人應由民間剷除。 8And shall bear his iniquity, because he hath defiled the holy thing of the Lord, and that soul shall perish from among his people.
9當你們收割田地的莊稼時,你不可割到地邊;收穫後剩下的穗子,不可再拾。 9When thou reapest the corn of thy land, thou shalt not cut down all that is on the face of the earth to the very ground: nor shalt thou gather the ears that remain.
10葡萄摘後不應去搜;葡萄園內掉下的,不應拾取,應留給窮人和外方人:我,上主是你們的天主。 10Neither shalt thou gather the bunches and grapes that fall down in thy vineyard, but shalt leave them to the poor and the strangers to take. I am the Lord your God.
11你們不要偷竊,不要欺詐,不要彼此哄騙; 11You shall not steal. You shall not lie, neither shall any man deceive his neighbour.
12不要奉我的名妄發虛誓,而褻瀆你天主的名字:我是上主。 12Thou shalt not swear falsely by my name, nor profane the name of thy God. I am the Lord.
13你不要欺壓剝削你的近人,傭人的工錢不可在你處過夜,留到第二天早晨。 13Thou shalt not calumniate thy neighbour, nor oppress him by violence. The wages of him that hath been hired by thee shall not abide with thee until the morning.
14不可咒罵聾子;不可將障礙物放在瞎子面前;但應敬畏你的天主:我是上主。 14Thou shalt not speak evil of the deaf, nor put a stumblingblock before the blind: but thou shalt fear the Lord thy God, because I am the Lord.
15審判時,你們不要違背正義;不可袒護窮人,也不可重視有權勢的人,只依正義審判你的同胞。 15Thou shalt not do that which is unjust, nor judge unjustly. Respect not the person of the poor, nor honour the countenance of the mighty. But judge thy neighbour according to justice.
16不可去毀謗你本族人,也不可危害人的性命:我是上主。 16Thou shalt not be a detractor nor a whisperer among the people. Thou shalt not stand against the blood of thy neighbour. I am the Lord.
17不可存心懷恨你的兄弟,應坦白勸戒你的同胞,免得為了他而負罪債。 17Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart, but reprove him openly, lest thou incur sin through him.
18不可復仇,對你本國人,不可心懷怨恨;但應愛人如己:我是上主。 18Seek not revenge, nor be mindful of the injury of thy citizens. Thou shalt love thy friend as thyself. I am the Lord.
19你們應遵守我的法令:不可使你的家畜與不同類的配合;一塊田內,不可播上不同的種子;用兩種線織成的衣服,不可穿在你的身上。 19Keep ye my laws. Thou shalt not make thy cattle to gender with beasts of any other kind. Thou shalt not sow thy field with different seeds. Thou shalt not wear a garment that is woven of two sorts.
20若人同已許配於人,尚未贖回,或沒有獲得自由的婢女同寢,應受處罰,但不該死,因為她還沒有自由。 20If a man carnally lie with a woman that is a bondservant and marriageable, and yet not redeemed with a price, nor made free: they both shall be scourged, and they shall not be put to death, because she was not a free woman.
21但是,這人卻應把一隻贖過祭的公綿羊,牽到會幕門口,獻給上主,作為他的贖過祭。 21And for his trespass he shall offer a ram to the Lord, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony:
22司祭用這贖過祭的公綿羊,在上主面前,代他為他所犯的罪行贖罪禮;他犯的罪方可得赦。 22And the priest shall pray for him and for his sin before the Lord, and he shall have mercy on him, and the sin shall be forgiven.
23幾時你們進了那地方,栽種了什麼果樹,樹上的果子,你們應視為不潔;三年以內為你們算是不潔,不可以吃; 23When you shall be come into the land, and shall have planted in it fruit trees, you shall take away the firstfruits of them: the fruit that comes forth shall be unclean to you, neither shall you eat of them.
24到第四年,結的一切果實都是聖的,應作讚頌上主的禮品; 24But in the fourth year, all their fruit shall be sanctified, to the praise of the Lord.
25到第五年,才可以吃樹上結的果實,使樹為你們增加出產:我,上主是你們的天主。 25And in the fifth year you shall eat the fruits thereof, gathering the increase thereof. I am the Lord your God.
26你們不可吃任何帶血的食物,不可占卜,不可念咒; 26You shall not eat with blood. You shall not divine nor observe dreams.
27不可將兩邊的頭髮剃圓;兩邊的鬍鬚,也不可修剪。 27Nor shall you cut your hair roundwise: nor shave your beard.
28不可為死者割傷你們的身體,也不可在你們身上刺花紋:我是上主。 28You shall not make any cuttings in your flesh, for the dead, neither shall you make in yourselves any figures or marks: I am the Lord.
29不可褻瀆你的女兒,令她賣淫,免得這地方成為淫場,充滿淫亂。 29Make not thy daughter a common strumpet, lest the land be defiled, and filled with wickedness.
30應遵守我的安息日,應敬畏我的聖所:我是上主。 30Keep ye my sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuary. I am the Lord.
31不可去探詢亡魂,亦不可尋問占卜者,而為他們所玷污:我,上主是你們的天主。 31Go not aside after wizards, neither ask any thing of soothsayers, to be defiled by them: I am the Lord your God.
32在白髮老人前,應起立;對老年人要尊敬,應敬畏你的天主:我是上主。 32Rise up before the hoary head, and honour the person of the aged man: and fear the Lord thy God. I am the Lord.
33若外方人在你們的地域內,與你住在一起,不可欺壓他; 33If a stranger dwell in your land, and abide among you, do not upbraid him:
34對與你們住在一起的外方人,應看作你們中的一個同鄉,愛他如愛你自己,因為你們在埃及地也做過外方人:我,上主是你們的天主。 34But let him be among you as one of the same country: and you shall love him as yourselves: for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
35在審斷度、量、衡上,不可不公平; 35Do not any unjust thing in judgment, in rule, in weight, or in measure.
36天秤、法碼、升、勺,都應正確。我是領你們出離埃及地的上主你們的天主。 36Let the balance be just and the weights equal, the bushel just, and the sextary equal. I am the Lord your God, that brought you out of the land of Egypt.
37你們應遵守我的一切法令和我的一切規定,一一依照執行:我是上主。」 37Keep all my precepts, and all my judgments, and do them. I am the Lord.



19:1-37
本章可看作天主十诫和约书的精华(出20-23),包括旧约子民应遵守的主要法律。2-4节详解十诫的头二句(见出19:6; 20:12; 21; 23:12等)。

19:5-8
见7:15-18。

19:9-10
见申24:19-22;卢2。

19:14
瞎子看不见,聋子听不见,但天主却作他们的耳目,作他们的保障。

19:18, 34
18和34两节所说的,原谨限於本国人;但自吾主耶稣宣称天主乃全人类的大父之後,全人类,不分种族肤色,已同是兄弟(见玛22:39)。

19:19
见申22:9-11。

19:23-25
「不洁」原文作「未受割损的」,意即不洁。第四年的果,算为初熟之果,如动物的头胎或首生者一样,应归於上主(见出22:28,29; 23:16等)。

19:26-28
26-28节所记,乃禁止行含有迷信色彩的风俗。本章法令虽无系统,但目的只一个,即是圣化选民。










肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 20
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你對以色列子民說:以色列子民和僑居以色列的外方人中,若有人將兒女獻給摩肋客,應處死刑;當地的人應用石頭砸死他。 2Thus shalt thou say to the children of Israel: If any man of the children of Israel, or of the strangers, that dwell in Israel, give of his seed to the idol Moloch, dying let him die: the people of the land shall stone him.
3我必板起臉來與此人作對,將他由民間剷除,因為他將兒女獻給了摩肋客,玷污了我的聖所,褻瀆了我的聖名。 3And I will set my face against him: and I will cut him off from the midst of his people, because he hath given of his seed to Moloch, and hath defiled my sanctuary, and profaned my holy name.
4當地的人,若在這人奉獻自己的兒女給摩肋客時,竟閉目不看,而不將他處死, 4And if the people of the land neglecting, and as it were little regarding my commandment, let alone the man that hath given of his seed to Moloch, and will not kill him:
5我自己要板起臉來與這人和他的家族作對,將他和一切隨著他敬拜摩肋客的人,由他們的人民中間一律剷除。 5I will set my face against that man, and his kindred, and will cut off both him and all that consented with him, to commit fornication with Moloch, out of the midst of their people.
6若有人去求問亡魂和占卜者,跟隨他們行邪法,我必板起臉來與這人作對,將他由民間剷除。 6The soul that shall go aside after magicians, and soothsayers, and shall commit fornication with them, I will set my face against that soul, and destroy it out of the midst of its people.
7你們應成聖自己,成為聖的,因為我上主是你們的天主。 7Sanctify yourselves, and be ye holy because I am the Lord your God.
8你們應遵守我的法令,一一依照執行,我是要你們成聖的上主。 8Keep my precepts, and do them. I am the Lord that sanctify you.
9凡辱罵自己父母的,應處死刑;他辱罵了父母,應自負血債。 9He that curseth his father, or mother, dying let him die: he hath cursed his father, and mother, let his blood be upon him.
10若人與一有夫之婦通姦,即與鄰友之妻通姦,奸夫奸婦應一律處死。 10If any man commit adultery with the wife of another, and defile his neighbour's wife, let them be put to death, both the adulterer and the adulteress.
11若人與父親的妻子同寢,是揭露了父親的下體,兩人應一律處死;他們應自負血債。 11If a man lie with his stepmother, and discover the nakedness of his father, let them both be put to death: their blood be upon them.
12若人與兒媳同睡,兩人應處死;他們犯了亂倫的罪,應自負血債。 12If any man lie with his daughter in law, let both die, because they have done a heinous crime: their blood be upon them.
13若男人同男人同寢,如男之與女,做此醜事的兩人,應一律處死,應自負血債。 13If any one lie with a man as with a woman, both have committed an abomination, let them be put to death: their blood be upon them.
14若人娶妻又娶妻的母親,這是淫亂,應將他和她們用火燒死,使你們中間不致存有淫亂。 14If any man after marrying the daughter, marry her mother, he hath done a heinous crime: he shall be burnt alive with them: neither shall so great an abomination remain in the midst of you.
15若人與走獸同寢,應處死刑;走獸亦應殺死。 15He that shall copulate with any beast or cattle, dying let him die, the beast also ye shall kill.
16若女人走近任何走獸,與牠交合,應將這女人和這走獸殺死,應處死刑;他們應自負血債。 16The woman that shall lie under any beast, shall be killed together with the same: their blood be upon them.
17若人娶自己的姊妹,不論她是自己父親的女兒,或是母親的女兒,以致他看見了她的下體,她也看見了他的下體:這是可恥的事,應在本國人前將他們剷除,因為他揭露了自己姊妹的下體,應自負罪債。 17If any man take his sister, the daughter of his father, or the daughter of his mother, and see her nakedness, and she behold her brother's shame: they have committed a crime: they shall be slain, in the sight of their people, because they have discovered one another's nakedness, and they shall bear their iniquity.
18若人與在月經期內的女人同寢,揭露了她的下體,暴露了她的血源;她也揭露了自己的血源,應將兩人由民間剷除。 18If any man lie with a woman in her flowers, and uncover her nakedness, and she open the fountain of her blood, both shall be destroyed out of the midst of their people.
19你不可揭露你母親的姊妹,或你父親的姊妹的下體,因為這是暴露自己的肉體;他們應自負罪債。 19Thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy aunt by thy mother, and of thy aunt by thy father: he that doth this, hath uncovered the shame of his own flesh, both shall bear their iniquity.
20若人與自己的叔伯母同睡,這是揭露了叔伯的下體;他們應自負罪債,絕嗣而死。 20If any man lie with the wife of his uncle by the father, or of his uncle by the mother, and uncover the shame of his near akin, both shall bear their sin: they shall die without children.
21若人娶自己兄弟之婦為妻,這是可恥的,無異是揭露了自己兄弟的下體,必然絕後。 21He that marrieth his brother's wife, doth an unlawful thing, he hath uncovered his brother's nakedness: they shall be without children.
22你們應遵守我的一切法令和我的一切規定,一一依照執行,免得我領你們去居住的地方將你們吐棄。 22Keep my laws and my judgments, and do them: lest the land into which you are to enter to dwell therein, vomit you also out.
23你們不應隨從我由你們面前要驅逐的民族的風俗,因為他們做了這一切事,我才厭惡了他們, 23Walk not after the laws of the nations, which I will cast out before you. For they have done all these things, and therefore I abhorred them.
24才對你們說:你們要佔領他們的土地;我將這流奶流蜜的地方,賜給你們作產業。是我上主你們的天主,使你們與萬民分開。 24But to you I say: Possess their land which I will give you for an inheritance, a land flowing with milk and honey. I am the Lord your God, who have separated you from other people.
25所以你們應分別潔與不潔的走獸,潔與不潔的飛禽,免得你們為不潔的走獸、飛禽,任何在地上爬行的動物,──我已給你們分別清楚,免染不潔,──玷污自己。 25Therefore do you also separate the clean beast from the unclean, and the clean fowl from the unclean: defile not your souls with beasts, or birds, or any things that move on the earth, and which I have shewn you to be unclean.
26你們於我應該是聖的,因為我上主是聖的;為此我將你們和萬民分開,好屬於我。 26You shall be holy unto me, because I the Lord am holy, and I have separated you from other people, that you should be mine.
27凡召亡魂行巫術或占卜的男女,應一律處死,應用石頭砸死;他們應自負血債。」 27A man, or woman, in whom there is a pythonical or divining spirit, dying let them die: they shall stone them: their blood be upon them.



20:1-5
关於敬拜摩肋客,见列下23:10;耶32:35。

20:6
「行邪法」原文作「行淫」,意即背弃上主,敬拜邪神,行迷信等。

20:10-21
10-16节受死刑;17-19节丧失公民权;20:21绝後之罚。

20:22-24
见智12。

20:25-26
见11章。

20:27
占卜、魔术等罪,与崇拜邪神受同样之罚(申18:10,11;撒上15:23等)。














肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 21
1上主對梅瑟說:「你當訓示亞郎的兒子司祭說:司祭不應為族人的屍體陷於不潔, 1The Lord said also to Moses: Speak to the priests the sons of Aaron, and thou shalt say to them: Let not a priest incur an uncleanness at the death of his citizens:
2除非為骨肉至親,如母親,父親,兒女,兄弟; 2But only for his kin, such as are near in blood, that is to say, for his father and for his mother, and for his son, and for his daughter, for his brother also,
3未出嫁而仍為處女的姊妹,為她的屍體,司祭可陷於不潔; 3And for a maiden sister, who hath had no husband:
4但司祭不可因為身為丈夫,而為姻親的屍身,陷於不潔,褻瀆己身。 4But not even for the prince of his people shall he do any thing that may make him unclean.
5司祭的頭髮不可剃光,鬍鬚的邊緣,不可修剪,也不可紋身割傷。 5Neither shall they shave their head, nor their beard, nor make incisions in their flesh.
6他們對天主應是聖的,不可褻瀆天主的名號,因為是他們奉獻上主的火祭,作為天主的供物,所以應是聖的。 6They shall be holy to their God, and shall not profane his name: for they offer the burnt offering of the Lord, and the bread of their God, and therefore they shall be holy.
7司祭不可娶妓女和受玷污的女人為妻,也不可娶為丈夫離棄的女人,因為他是祝聖於天主的人。 7They shall not take to wife a harlot or a vile prostitute, nor one that has been put away from her husband: because they are consecrated to their God,
8所以你應以他為聖,因為他把供物奉獻給你的天主,他對於你應是聖的,因為使你們成聖的我上主,是聖的。 8And offer the leaves of proposition. Let them therefore be holy, because I also am holy, the Lord, who sanctify them.
9若司祭的女兒賣淫褻瀆自己,她是褻瀆自己的父親,應用火燒死。 9If the daughter of a priest be taken in whoredom, and dishonour the name of her father, she shall be burnt with fire.
10兄弟中身分最高的司祭,頭上既倒過聖油,又被祝聖穿了祭衣,不可披頭散髮,不可撕裂自己的衣服。 10The high priest, that is to say, the priest, is the greatest among his brethren. upon whose head the oil of unction hath been poured, and whose hands have been consecrated for the priesthood, and who hath been vested with the holy vestments, shall not uncover his head, he shall not rend his garments:
11不可走近死人的屍體,也不可為父親或母親的屍體而陷於不潔。 11Nor shall he go in at all to any dead person: not even for his father, or his mother, shall he be defiled:
12也不可走出聖所,免得褻瀆天主的聖所,因為在他頭上有天主傅油的神印:我是上主。 12Neither shall he go out of the holy places, lest he defile the sanctuary of the Lord, because the oil of the holy unction of his God is upon him. I am the Lord.
13他應娶處女為妻; 13He shall take a virgin unto his wife:
14寡婦,棄婦或受玷污的妓女,這樣的女人,決不可娶;只可娶本族中的處女為妻, 14But a widow or one that is divorced, or defiled, or a harlot, he shall not take, but a maid of his own people:
15以免褻瀆本族的後裔,因為那使他成聖的是我,上主。」 15He shall not mingle the stock of his kindred with the common people of his nation: for I am the Lord who sanctify him.
16上主訓示梅瑟說: 16And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
17「你告訴亞郎說:世世代代你的後裔中, 17Say to Aaron: Whosoever of thy seed throughout their families, hath a blemish, he shall not offer bread to his God.
18凡身上有缺陷的,不得前去向天主奉獻供物;凡身上有缺陷的,不准前去:不論是眼瞎,腳跛,殘廢,畸形的, 18Neither shall he approach to minister to him: If he be blind, if he be lame, if he have a little, or a great, or a crooked nose,
19或是斷腳斷手的, 19If his foot, or if his hand be broken,
20或是駝背,矮小,眼生白翳,身上有痲疹或癬疥,或是睪丸破碎的人。 20If he be crookbacked, or blear eyed, or have a pearl in his eye, or a continual scab, or a dry scurf in his body, or a rupture:
21亞郎司祭的後裔中,凡身上有缺陷的,不得去奉獻上主的火祭;他身上既有缺陷,就不應給天主奉獻供物。 21Whosoever of the seed of Aaron the priest hath a blemish, he shall not approach to offer sacrifices to the Lord, nor bread to his God.
22天主的供物,不論是至聖的或聖的,他都可以吃; 22He shall eat nevertheless of the loaves, that are offered in the sanctuary,
23卻不可進入帳幔後,或走近祭壇前,因為他身上有缺陷,免得他褻瀆我的聖所,因為使他們成聖的是我,上主。」 23Yet so that he enter not within the veil, nor approach to the altar, because he hath a blemish, and he must not defile my sanctuary. I am the Lord who sanctify them.
24梅瑟就這樣訓示了亞郎和他的兒子,以及全體以色列子民。 24Moses therefore spoke to Aaron, and to his sons and to all Israel, all the things that had been commanded him.



21:5-6
5节禁止以色列子民去仿效异教人的习俗。6节说明司祭应当是圣洁的理由,因为他要接近天主,必须圣洁,否则便是亵渎天主。

21:10
10节「司祭不可撕裂自己的衣服」的禁令,只限於至亲的死亡,所以约纳堂〈加上11:71〉和盖法〈玛26:65〉所处的光景例外。

21:13-15
日後犹太人的风俗;是大司祭和司祭只娶司祭的女儿为妻(见路1:5)

21:16-24
16-24节的规定,似乎是在建造圣殿之後,根据梅瑟法律的精神而立定的。晚期的犹太经师立定了一百四十二种阻碍人作司祭的缺陷。







肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 22
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴亞郎和他的兒子,叫他們對以色列子民獻與我的聖物應謹慎,免得褻瀆了我的聖名:我是上主。 2Speak to Aaron and to his sons, that they beware of those things that are consecrated of the children of Israel, and defile not the name of the things sanctified to me, which they offer. I am the Lord.
3你對他們說:世世代代,你們後裔中,若有玷污不潔的,竟敢接近以色列子民獻與上主的聖物,這人應由我面前剷除:我是上主。 3Say to them and to their posterity: Every man of your race, that approacheth to those things that are consecrated, and which the children of Israel have offered to the Lord, in whom there is uncleanness, shall perish before the Lord. I am the Lord.
4亞郎的後裔中,凡患癩病或淋病的,在他未取潔以前,不可吃聖物;凡摸過死屍所染不潔之物的,或遺精的人, 4The man of the seed of Aaron, that is a leper, or that suffereth a running of the seed, shall not eat of those things that are sanctified to me, until he be healed. He that toucheth any thing unclean by occasion of the dead, and he whose seed goeth from him as in generation,
5或摸了任何能染上不潔的爬蟲,或摸了能使自己染上任何不潔的人; 5And he that toucheth a creeping thing, or any unclean thing, the touching of which is defiling,
6凡摸了這些東西的人,直到晚上是不潔的,除非他用水洗身,不准吃聖物。 6Shall be unclean until the evening, and shall not eat those things that are sanctified: but when he hath washed his flesh with water,
7太陽一落,他就潔淨了,以後可吃聖物,因為這是屬他的食物。 7And the sun is down, then being purified, he shall eat of the sanctified things, because it is his meat.
8不可吃自死或被猛獸撕裂的獸肉,免得染上不潔:我是上主。 8That which dieth of itself, and that which was taken by a beast, they shall not eat, nor be defiled therewith, I am the Lord.
9他們應遵守我的訓令,免陷於罪惡;因此褻瀆訓令的,必遭死亡:我是使他們成聖的上主。 9Let them keep my precepts, that they may not fall into sin, and die in the sanctuary, when they shall have defiled it. I am the Lord who sanctify them.
10任何族外人,不准吃聖物;司祭的客人和傭工,也不准吃聖物; 10No stranger shall eat of the sanctified things: a sojourner of the priests, or a hired servant, shall not eat of them.
11但是司祭用銀錢買來的僕人,卻可以吃;凡生在他家的人,也可以吃這食物。 11But he whom the priest hath bought, and he that is his servant, born in his house, these shall eat of them.
12司祭的女兒,如嫁給族外人為妻,不准吃作獻儀的聖物; 12If the daughter of a priest be married to any of the people, she shall not eat of those things that are sanctified, nor of the firstfruits.
13但是司祭的女兒,如成了寡婦或棄婦,因沒有兒子,又回到父家,如同她年輕時一樣,可以吃她父親的食物;但是任何族外人不得吃。 13But if she be a widow, or divorced, and having no children return to her father's house, she shall eat of her father's meats, as she was wont to do when she was a maid, no stranger hath leave to eat of them.
14如果一人因不慎而吃了聖物,應償還所吃的聖物,還應另加五分之一,交與司祭。 14He that eateth of the sanctified things through ignorance, shall add the fifth part with that which he ate, and shall give it to the priest into the sanctuary.
15司祭不應讓以色列子民褻瀆所獻與上主的聖物, 15And they shall not profane the sanctified things of the children of Israel, which they offer to the Lord:
16而使他們因吃自己獻的聖物,負起賠償的罪債;因為我是使他們成聖的上主。」 16Lest perhaps they bear the iniquity of their trespass, when they shall have eaten the sanctified things. I am the Lord who sanctify them.
17上主訓示梅瑟說: 17And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
18「你告訴亞郎和他的兒子,以及全體以色列子民說:以色列家中或住在以色列中的外方人,任何人如奉獻祭品,不管是為還願,或出於自願,獻給上主作全燔祭的, 18Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: The man of the house of Israel, and of the strangers who dwell with you, that offereth his oblation, either paying his vows, or offering of his own accord, whatsoever it be which he presenteth for a holocaust of the Lord,
19應是一隻無瑕的公牛,公綿羊,或公山羊,方蒙悅納。 19To be offered by you, it shall be a male without blemish of the calves, or of the sheep, or of the goats.
20凡身上有殘疾的,你們不應奉獻,因為這樣為你們決不會獲得悅納。 20If it have a blemish you shall not offer it, neither shall it be acceptable.
21如有人為還願,或出於自願,給上主奉獻牛羊作和平祭品,應是無瑕的,方蒙悅納;身上不應有任何殘疾。 21The man that offereth a victim of peace offerings to the Lord, either paying his vows, or offering of his own accord, whether of calves or of sheep, shall offer it without blemish, that it may be acceptable: there shall be no blemish in it.
22眼瞎的或殘廢的,或斷肢的,或患潰瘍的,或生痲疹的,或長癬疥的:這樣的牲畜,你們不可獻給上主;任何這樣的牲畜,不可放在祭壇上,獻給上主作火祭。 22If it be blind, or broken, or have a scar or blisters, or a scab, or a dry scurf: you shall not offer them to the Lord, nor burn any thing of them upon the Lord's altar.
23一腿太長或太短的牛或羊,你可獻為自願祭祭品;但為還願,必不蒙悅納。 23An ox or a sheep, that hath the ear and the tail cut off, thou mayst offer voluntarily: but a vow may not be paid with them.
24此外,凡睪丸傷壞,砸碎,破裂,割去的牲畜,你們不可獻給上主;在你們的地域內,萬不可舉行這樣的祭獻, 24You shall not offer to the Lord any beast that hath the testicles bruised, or crushed, or cut and taken away: neither shall you do any such thing in your land.
25也不可由外邦人手內接受這樣的牲畜,獻給你們的天主作供物,因為身上殘廢的,有缺陷的,為你們不會獲得悅納。」 25You shall not offer bread to your God, from the hand of a stranger, nor any other thing that he would give: because they are all corrupted, and defiled: you shall not receive them.
26上主訓示梅瑟說: 26And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
27「幾時牛或綿羊或山羊一生下,應七天同其母在一起;自第八天,作為上主的火祭祭品,方蒙悅納。 27When a bullock, or a sheep, or a goat, is brought forth, they shall be seven days under the udder of their dam: but the eighth day, and thenceforth, they may be offered to the Lord.
28牛羊及其幼雛,不可在同一日內宰殺。 28Whether it be a cow, or a sheep, they shall not be sacrificed the same day with their young ones.
29幾時你們給上主奉獻感恩祭,應這樣奉獻,才獲得悅納: 29If you immolate a victim for thanksgiving to the Lord, that he may be favourable,
30祭肉,應在當天吃完,不應留到次日早晨:我是上主。 30You shall eat it the same day, there shall not any of it remain until the morning of the next day. I am the Lord.
31你們應遵守我的命令,一一依照執行:我是上主。 31Keep my commandments, and do them. I am the Lord.
32不要褻瀆我的聖名,叫我在以色列子民中常被尊為聖;我是使你們成聖的上主, 32Profane not my holy name, that I may be sanctified in the midst of the children of Israel. I am the Lord who sanctify you,
33是我由埃及地領你們出來,為作你們的天主:我是上主。」 33And who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that I might be your God: I am the Lord.



22:1-33
除为平民立定的洁与不洁的法律外(11章),本章也为司祭们规定了特别的法律;平民应守的法律,司祭更应严格遵守。

22:10-13
「族外人」指非司祭家族的人。

22:17-25
17-25节所载的法律,不但司祭,而且平民和那愿意向上主献祭的外邦人(25节),都应当遵守。编辑者将这些法律编於此处,是为叫司祭知道什麽祭牲可以献,什麽祭牲不可以献。

22:26-30
26-30节的法律,大概出於民长时代或君主时代初期。关於28节,参阅出23:19。







肋未紀 Leviticus Chapter 23
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:以下是我的節日,是你們應召集聖會的上主的節日。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: These are the feasts of the Lord, which you shall call holy.
3六天工作,但第七天,應是完全休息的安息日,應召集聖會,任何工作都不可做;在你們任何住處,這日是應為上主守的安息日。 3Six days shall ye do work: the seventh day, because it is the rest of the sabbath, shall be called holy. You shall do no work on that day: it is the sabbath of the Lord in all your habitations.
4以下是上主的節日,你們應依照時期召集聖會: 4These also are the holy days of the Lord, which you must celebrate in their seasons.
5正月十四日傍晚,應為上主守逾越節。 5The first month, the fourteenth day of the month at evening, is the phase of the Lord:
6這月十五日,應為上主守無酵節,七天之內,應吃無酵餅。 6And the fifteenth day of the same month is the solemnity of the unleavened bread of the Lord. Seven days shall you eat unleavened bread.
7第一日,應召集聖會,任何勞工都不可做; 7The first day shall be most solemn unto you, and holy: you shall do no servile work therein:
8七天內,應給上主奉獻火祭;到第七日,應召集聖會,任何勞工都不可做。」 8But you shall offer sacrifice in fire to the Lord seven days. And the seventh day shall be more solemn, and more holy: and you shall do no servile work therein.
9上主訓示梅瑟說: 9And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
10「你告訴以色列子民說:幾時你們進入了我賜給你們的地方,在那裡一有收穫,應把你們收穫的第一束交給司祭。 10Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: When you shall have entered into the land which I will give you, and shall reap your corn, you shall bring sheaves of ears, the firstfruits of your harvest to the priest:
11司祭應拿這一束行搖禮,獻於上主面前,好為你們獲得悅納;司祭應在安息日的次日行搖禮。 11Who shall lift up the shed before the Lord, the next day after the sabbath, that it may be acceptable for you, and shall sanctify it.
12在你們拿這一束行搖禮的那一天,還應給上主獻一隻一歲無瑕的公羔羊,作全燔祭; 12And on the same day that the sheaf is consecrated, a lamb without blemish of the first year shall be killed for a holocaust of the Lord.
13同獻的素祭,應是十分之二『厄法』油調的細麵,作為中悅上主馨香的火祭;再加四分之一『辛』酒,作為奠祭。 13And the libations shall be offered with it, two tenths of flour tempered with oil for a burnt offering of the Lord, and a most sweet odour: libations also of wine, the fourth part of a hin.
14直到那一天,即直到你們給你們的天主奉獻祭品的一天,你們不可吃新麥做的餅,烤的或新鮮的麥穗:這為你們世世代代,在任何住處,是一永久的法令。 14You shall not eat either bread, or parched corn, or frumenty of the harvest, until the day that you shall offer thereof to your God. It is a precept for ever throughout your generations, and all your dwellings.
15從你們獻麥束行搖禮的安息日的次日起,應計算整個七星期, 15You shall count therefore from the morrow after the sabbath, wherein you offered the sheaf of the firstfruits, seven full weeks.
16即直到第七個安息日後的次日,共計五十天,那天應給上主奉獻薦新的素祭。 16Even unto the marrow after the seventh week be expired, that is to say, fifty days, and so you shall offer a new sacrifice to the Lord.
17由你們的住處帶來兩個行搖禮的餅,每個用十分之二『厄法』的發酵細麵烤成,獻與上主作初熟之祭。 17Out of all your dwellings, two leaves of the firstfruits, of two tenths of flour leavened, which you shall bake for the firstfruits of the Lord.
18餅以外,還應奉獻七隻一歲無瑕的公羔羊,一頭公牛犢和兩隻公綿羊,作獻與上主的全燔祭;還有同奉獻的素祭和奠祭,作為中悅上主馨香的火祭; 18And you shall offer with the leaves seven lambs without blemish of the first year, and one calf from the herd, and two rams, and they shall be for a holocaust with their libations far a most sweet odour to the Lord.
19還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭,兩隻一歲的公羔羊作和平祭。 19You shall offer also a buck goat for sin, and two lambs of the first year for sacrifices of peace offerings.
20司祭應拿這兩隻公羔羊同初熟祭的餅,在上主面前行奉獻的搖禮;這是屬於上主的聖物,應歸於司祭。 20And when the priest hath lifted them up with the leaves of the firstfruits before the Lord, they shall fall to his use.
21在這一日,你們應召集聖會,任何勞工也不可做:這為你們世世代代,在任何住處,是一永久的法令。 21And you shall call this day most solemn, and most holy. You shall do no servile work therein. It shall be an everlasting ordinance in all your dwellings and generations.
22當你們收割你們地內的莊稼時,你不可割到地邊;收穫後剩下的穗子,不可再拾,應留給窮人和外方人:我,上主是你們的天主。」 22And when you reap the corn of your land, you shall not cut it to the very ground: neither shall you gather the ears that remain; but you shall leave them for the poor and for the strangers. I am the Lord your God.
23上主訓示梅瑟說: 23And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
24「你告訴以色列子民說:七月初一,為你是完全休息的日子,應吹號角,召集聖會, 24Say to the children of Israel: The seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall keep a sabbath, a memorial, with she sound of trumpets, and it shall be called holy.
25任何勞工都不可做,應給上主獻一火祭。」 25You shall do no servile work therein, and you shall offer a holocaust to the Lord.
26上主訓示梅瑟說: 26And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
27「還有七月初十是贖罪節,是你們應召集聖會的日子,要克己苦身,並給上主奉獻一火祭。 27Upon the tenth day of this seventh month shall be the day of atonement, it shall be most solemn, and shall be called holy: and you shall afflict your souls on that day, and shall offer a holocaust to the Lord.
28這一天,任何工作都不可做,因為是贖罪節,應在上主你們的天主面前,為你們自己行贖罪祭。 28You shall do no servile work in the time of this day: because it is a day of propitiation, that the Lord your God may be merciful unto you.
29這一天,凡不克己苦身的人,應由民間剷除; 29Every soul that is not afflicted on this day, shall perish from among his people:
30這一天凡做任何工作的人,我必由民間消滅這人; 30And every soul that shall do any work, the same will I destroy from among his people.
31任何工作不可做:這為你們世世代代,在任何住處,是一永久的法令。 31You shall do no work therefore on that day: it shall be an everlasting ordinance unto you in all your generations, and dwellings.
32這是你們應完全休息的安息日,應克己苦身。這月初九傍晚,到次日傍晚,你們應守這安息日。」 32It is a sabbath of rest, and you shall afflict your souls beginning on the ninth day of the month: from evening until evening you shall celebrate your sabbaths.
33上主訓示梅瑟說: 33And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
34「你告訴以色列子民說:七月十五日是帳棚節,應為上主舉行七天: 34Say to the children of Israel: From the fifteenth day of this same seventh month, shall be kept the feast of tabernacles seven days to the Lord.
35第一天應召集聖會,任何勞工都不可做; 35The first day shall be called most solemn and most holy: you shall do no servile work therein. And seven days you shall offer holocausts to the Lord.
36七天之久,應給上主獻火祭;第八日,又應召集聖會,給上主獻火祭;這天是盛大集會的日子,任何勞工都不可做。 36The eighth day also shall be most solemn and most holy, and you shall offer holocausts to the Lord: for it is the day of assembly and congregation: you shall do no servile work therein.
37以上是上主的節日,你們應召集聖會,照每日的規定應給上主獻火祭、全燔祭、素祭、祭獻和奠祭; 37These are the feasts of the Lord, which you shall call most solemn and most holy, and shall offer on them oblations to the Lord, holocausts and libations according to the rite of every day,
38此外,還有在上主的安息日,你們獻於上主的禮品、還願祭和自願祭。 38Besides the sabbaths of the Lord, and your gifts, and those things that you offer by vow, or which you shall give to the Lord voluntarily.
39七月十五日,你們收了那地方的出產,應七天舉行上主的節期:第一天和第八天應完全休息。 39So from the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you shall have gathered in all the fruits of your land, you shall celebrate the feast of the Lord seven days: on the first day and the eighth shall be a sabbath, that is a day of rest.
40第一天,你們應拿著樹木結的美果、棕櫚樹枝、葉密的大樹枝和溪邊的柳條;如此七天之久,應在上主你們的天主面前喜樂。 40And you shall take to you on the first day the fruits of the fairest tree, and branches of palm trees, and boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before the Lord your God.
41你們每年應七天之久舉行這上主的節日,且應在七月舉行這節日:這為你們世世代代是一永久的法令。 41And you shall keep the solemnity thereof seven days in the year. It shall be an everlasting ordinance in your generations. In the seventh month shall you celebrate this feast.
42七天之久,你們應住在帳棚內,凡以色列公民,都應住在帳棚內, 42And you shall dwell in bowers seven days: every one that is of the race of Israel, shall dwell in tabernacles:
43好叫你們的後代知道,當我領以色列子民出離埃及國的時候,曾使他們住在帳棚內:我,上主是你們的天主。」 43That your posterity may know, that I made the children of Israel to dwell in tabernacles, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
44梅瑟就這樣給以色列子民宣布了上主的節日。 44And Moses spoke concerning the feasts of the Lord to the children of Israel.



23:1-44
本章所载的周年节日,大体上说,是出於梅瑟,但现有的规定却属於撒罗满时代。22节是由19:9,10窜入的。

23:3
安息日的法律,除本章外,亦见於十诫(出20:8-11;申5:12-16),约书(出23:12),礼仪(出34:21),司祭法典(出31:12-17等)。

23:5-8
关於逾越节和无酵节,参阅出12及注申16:1-8等。

23:9-14
收获节原有两个:春季荐新节和秋季荐新节。大概在民长时代将春季的荐新节分为两个节日,即春节和夏节:前者与逾越节合而为一,而後者同五旬节合而为一;至於秋季的荐新节,仍旧与帐棚节合在一起。

23:15-21
关於五旬节,参阅出23:16; 34:22;申16:9-12;户28:26-31等。此节日古时亦称感恩节,因收成丰盛而感谢天主。日後犹太人也举行此节,为纪念天主在西乃山所颁赐的法律。

23:24
关於七月一日,参阅户29:1-6。按七月一日为国历岁首。七月古时称为「提市黎」月;但按出12:2尼散月(又称阿彼月)为岁首。大抵犹太人有两个年历:一是教历,以「尼散」月为岁首;一是国历,以「提市黎」月为岁首。

23:26-32
关於赎罪节,见16章及注。参阅户29:7-11。

23:33-43
关於帐棚节,见出23:16,17; 34:22,24;若7:2。按犹太经师的意见,以色列子民举行此节,是为纪念他们经过旷野时,以帐棚为庐的事迹。












肋未紀 Leviticus Leviticus:Chapter 24
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你吩咐以色列子民給你拿由橄欖榨的清油來,為點燈用,好叫燈光長明不熄。 2Command the children of Israel, that they bring unto thee the finest and dearest oil of olives, to furnish the lamps continually,
3亞郎應將這燈放在會幕內,約櫃帳幔外,自晚上到早晨常點在上主面前:這為你們世世代代是永久的法令。 3Without the veil of the testimony in the tabernacle of the covenant. And Aaron shall set them from evening until morning before the Lord, by a perpetual service and rite in your generations.
4亞郎應把這些燈放在純金台上,在上主面前長燃不熄。 4They shall be set upon the most pure candlestick before the Lord continually.
5你應拿細麵,烤成十二個餅,每個是十分之二『厄法』; 5Thou shalt take also fine hour, and shalt bake twelve leaves thereof, two tenths shall be in every loaf:
6將餅排成兩行,六個一行,供在上主面前的純金桌上。 6And thou shalt set them six and six one against another upon the most clean table before the Lord:
7每行應撒上純乳香,作為食物當獻與上主的火祭,為獲得紀念。 7And thou shalt put upon them the dearest frankincense, that the bread may be for a memorial of the oblation of the Lord.
8每安息日,應將餅不斷地供在上主面前,這是以色列子民因永久的盟約而當行的義務。 8Every sabbath they shall be changed before the Lord, being received of the children of Israel by an everlasting covenant:
9這些應歸亞郎和他的兒子;他們應在聖地方吃,因為這是上主火祭中至聖之物,是他永享的權利。」 9And they shall be Aaron's and his sons', that they may eat them in the holy place: because it is most holy of the sacrifices of the Lord by a perpetual right.
10當時在以色列子民中有一個人,他的母親是以色列人,父親是埃及人。這以色列女人的兒子在營內與一個以色列人爭吵; 10And behold there went out the son of a woman of Israel, whom she had of an Egyptian, among the children of Israel, and fell at words in the camp with a man of Israel.
11以色列女人的兒子咒罵褻瀆了上主的名,人們就帶他去見梅瑟,──這人的母親名叫舍羅米特,是丹支派狄貝黎的女兒,── 11And when he had blasphemed the name, and had cursed it, he was brought to Moses: (now his mother was called Salumith, the daughter of Dabri, of the tribe of Dan:)
12將他看守起來,等梅瑟依照上主的訓令給他們處理。 12And they put him into prison, till they might know what the Lord would command.
13於是上主訓示梅瑟說: 13And the Lord spoke to Moses,
14「你帶這犯褻瀆罪的人到營外去,凡聽見他說褻瀆話的人,都按手在他頭上,然後令全體會眾用石頭砸死他。 14Saying: Bring forth the blasphemer without the camp, and let them that heard him, put their hands upon his head, and let all the people stone him.
15你應這樣告訴以色列子民說:凡褻瀆天主的,應負罪債; 15And thou shalt speak to the children of Israel: the man that curseth his God, shall bear his sin:
16那不避諱「雅威」之名的,應處死刑,全體會眾應用石頭砸死他;不論外方人或本地人,若不避諱「雅威」的名,應處死刑。 16And he that blasphemeth the name of the Lord, dying let him die: all the multitude shall stone him, whether he be a native or a stranger. He that blasphemeth the name of the Lord, dying let him die.
17凡打死人的,應處死刑。 17He that striketh and killeth a man, dying let him die.
18凡打死牲畜的,應該賠償:以命還命。 18He that killeth a beast, shall make it good, that is to say, shall give beast for beast.
19人若加害自己的同胞,他怎樣待人,人也怎樣待他: 19He that giveth a blemish to any of his neighbours: as he hath done, so shall it be done to him:
20以傷還傷,以眼還眼,以牙還牙;他怎樣害了人,人也怎樣害他。 20Breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, shall he restore. What blemish he gave, the like shall he be compelled to suffer.
21凡打死牲畜的,應該賠償;凡打死人的,應處死刑。 21He that striketh a beast, shall render another. He that striketh a man shall be punished.
22為你們,不論是外方人或是本地人,只有一樣法律;因為我上主是你們的天主。」 22Let there be equal judgment among you, whether he be a stranger, or a native that offends: because I am the Lord your God.
23梅瑟這樣訓示了以色列子民;他們就把這犯褻瀆罪的人帶到營外,用石頭砸死。以色列子民全照上主吩咐梅瑟的做了。 23And Moses spoke to the children of Israel: and they brought forth him that had blasphemed, without the camp, and they stoned him. And the children of Israel did as the Lord had commanded Moses.



24:1-4
关於长明灯,参阅出25:31-40; 37:17-24 及注。

24:5-9
关於供饼,参阅出25:23-30。圣经上屡次提及此饼,编上9:32; 23:29;撒上21:6;列上7:49;编下4:19;厄下10:33;希9:2等。

24:17-23
报复律,亦见於出21:23-25。用石头砸死犯人,是古代以色列人的普通刑罚,尤其用为罚犯亵圣罪的人,见肋20:27;申17:2-5;户15:32-36等。













肋未紀 Leviticus Leviticus:Chapter 25
1上主在西乃山訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses in mount Sinai, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:幾時你們進入了我要賜給你們的地方,這地方將為上主守安息。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: When you shall have entered into the land which I will give you, observe the rest of the sabbath to the Lord.
3六年之內,你可播種田地;六年之內,你可修剪葡萄園,收穫其中的出產。 3Six years thou shalt sow thy field and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and shalt gather the fruits thereof:
4但到第七年,地應完全休息,是上主的安息年。你不可播種田地,也不可剪修葡萄園; 4But in the seventh year there shall be a sabbath to the land, of the resting of the Lord: thou shalt not sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.
5連你收穫後而自然生出的,你也不可收割;葡萄樹未加修剪而結的葡萄,你也不可採摘;是地完全休息的一年。 5What the ground shall bring forth of itself, thou shalt not reap: neither shalt thou gather the grapes of the firstfruits as a vintage: for it is a year of rest to the land:
6地在休息期而自然生出的,可供給你們吃:即供給你、你的僕婢、傭工和與你同住的客人吃。 6But they shall be unto you for meat, to thee and to thy manservant, to thy maidservant and thy hireling, and to the strangers that sojourn with thee:
7地自然生的,也可供給你的牲畜和你地中的走獸吃。 7All things that grow shall be meat to thy beasts and to thy cattle.
8你應計算七個安息年,即七乘七年;七個安息年的時期,正是四十九年。 8Thou shalt also number to thee seven weeks of years, that is to say, seven times seven, which together make forty-nine years:
9這年七月初十,你應吹號角,即在贖罪節日,你們應在全國內吹起號角, 9And thou shalt sound the trumpet in the seventh month, the tenth day of the month, in the time of the expiation in all your land.
10祝聖第五十年,向全國居民宣布自由;為你們是一喜年,人各歸其祖業,人各返其家庭。 10And thou shalt sanctify the fiftieth year, and shalt proclaim remission to all the inhabitants of thy land: for it is the year of jubilee. Every man shall return to his possession, and every one shall go back to his former family:
11第五十年為你們是一喜年,不可播種;自然生出的,不可收穫;葡萄樹未加修剪而結的葡萄,不可採摘, 11Because it is the jubilee and the fiftieth year. You shall not sow, nor reap the things that grow in the field of their own accord, neither shall you gather the firstfruits of the vines,
12因為這是喜年,為你們應是聖年;你們只可吃田地自然生的。 12Because of the sanctification of the jubilee: but as they grow you shall presently eat them.
13在這喜年內,人各歸其祖業。 13In the year of the jubilee all shall return to their possessions.
14為此,如你賣給你的同胞產業,或由你的同胞購買,你們不可彼此欺壓; 14When thou shalt sell any thing to thy neighbour, or shalt buy of him; grieve not thy brother: but thou shalt buy of him according to the number of years from the jubilee.
15你應照上次喜年後的年數由你同胞購買,他應照收穫的年數賣給你。 15And he shall sell to thee according to the computation of the fruits.
16年數越多,你越應多付買價;年數越少,越應少付買價,因為他賣給你的是物產的數目。 16The more years remain after the jubilee, the more shall the price increase: and the less time is counted, so much the less shall the purchase cost. For he shall sell to thee the time of the fruits.
17為此,你們不可彼此欺壓,但應敬畏你的天主,因為我上主是你們的天主。 17Do not afflict your countrymen, but let every one fear his God: because I am the Lord your God.
18你們應遵行我的法令,遵守我的規定,一一依照執行,好叫你們平安地住在這地上, 18Do my precepts, and keep my judgments, and fulfill them: that you may dwell in the land without any fear,
19地必供給出產,使你們吃飽,平安住在地上。 19And the ground may yield you its fruits, of which you may eat your fill, fearing no man's invasion.
20若你們追問說:到第七年,我們若不能播種,又不能收集我們的出產,我們吃什麼? 20But if you say: What shall we eat the seventh year, if we sow not, nor gather our fruits?
21在第六年上,我必決定祝福你們,叫地有三年的出產; 21I will give you my blessing the sixth year, and it shall yield the fruits of three years:
22你們在第八年上播種時,還吃陳糧;直到第九年,直到收割新糧時,還有陳糧吃。 22And the eighth year you shall sow, and shall eat of the old fruits, until the ninth year: till new grow up, you shall eat the old store.
23土地不可出賣而無收回權,因為地是我的,你們為我只是旅客或住客。 23The land also shall not be sold for ever: because it is mine, and you are strangers and sojourners with me.
24對你們所佔的各地,應承認地有贖回權。 24For which cause all the country of your possession shall be under the condition of redemption.
25如果你的兄弟貧窮,賣了一分家產,他的至親可來作代贖人,贖回他兄弟所賣的家產。 25If thy brother being impoverished sell his little possession, and his kinsman will, he may redeem what he had sold.
26人若沒有代贖人,幾時自己富足了,有了足夠的贖價, 26But if he have no kinsman, and he himself can find the price to redeem it:
27當計算賣出後的年數,將差額還給買主,收回自己的家產。 27The value of the fruits shall be counted from that time when he sold it: and the overplus he shall restore to the buyer, and so shall receive his possession again.
28如果他無法獲得足夠的贖價,他所賣的,應存於買主之手直到喜年;到了喜年,地應退還,賣主收回自己的家產。 28But if his hands find not the means to repay the price, the buyer shall have what he bought, until the year of the jubilee. For in that year all that is sold shall return to the owner, and to the ancient possessor.
29若人賣了一所在城牆內的住宅,自賣出後,一年內,他有贖回的權利;他贖回的權利為期一年。 29He that selleth a house within the walls of a city, shall have the liberty to redeem it, until one year be expired:
30如果滿了一年,他沒有贖回,在城牆內的房屋應歸買主與其後代,再無收回權;即使到了喜年,亦不應退還。 30If he redeem it not, and the whole year be fully out, the buyer shall possess it, and his posterity for ever, and it cannot be redeemed, not even in the jubilee.
31但房屋在沒有圍牆的村莊內,應算是田產,有贖回的權利;到了喜年應該退還。 31But if the house be in a village, that hath no walls, it shall be sold according to the same law as the fields: if it be not redeemed before, in the jubilee it shall return to the owner.
32至於肋未人得為產業的城市中的房屋,肋未人永享有贖回權。 32The houses of Levites, which are in cities, may always be redeemed:
33如一肋未人在他得為產業的城市出賣的房屋,沒有贖回,在喜年仍可收回,因為肋未城中的房屋,是他們在以色列子民中所得的不動產。 33If they be not redeemed, in the jubilee they shall all return to the owners, because the houses of the cities of the Levites are for their possessions among the children of Israel.
34但是,他們城外四郊之地,不可變賣,因為是永屬他們的產業。 34But let not their suburbs be sold, because it is a perpetual possession.
35如果你的兄弟貧窮,無力向你還債,你應像待外方人或旅客一樣扶持他,叫他能與你一起生活。 35If thy brother be impoverished, and weak of hand, and thou receive him as a stranger and sojourner, and he live with thee,
36不應向他索取利息或重利,但應敬畏你的天主,讓他與你一起生活,如你的兄弟。 36Take not usury of him nor more than thou gavest: fear thy God, that thy brother may live with thee.
37借給他銀錢,不可取利息;借給他糧食,不可索重利。 37Thou shalt not give him thy money upon usury, nor exact of him any increase of fruits.
38我上主是你們的天主,我領你們離開埃及地,將客納罕地賜給你們,是為做你們的天主。 38I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that I might give you the land of Chanaan, and might be your God.
39若你身傍的兄弟窮了,賣身給你,你不可迫他勞作如同奴隸一樣; 39If thy brother constrained by poverty, sell himself to thee, thou shalt not oppress him with the service of bondservants:
40他在你身旁,應像傭工或外僑,給你工作直到喜年。 40But he shall be as a hireling, and a sojourner: he shall work with thee until the year of the jubilee,
41那時,他和他的子女應離開你,回本家,復歸其祖業; 41And afterwards he shall go out with his children, and shall return to his kindred and to the possession of his fathers,
42因為他們是我的僕役,是我由埃及地領出來的;他們不能賣身,如同出賣奴隸。 42For they are my servants, and I brought them out of the land of Egypt: let them not be sold as bondmen:
43你不可虐待他,但應敬畏你的天主。 43Afflict him not by might, but fear thy God.
44你需要的奴婢,應來自你們四周的民族,由他們中可購買奴婢。 44Let your bondmen, and your bondwomen, be of the nations that are round about you.
45此外,可從同你們住在一起的外方人中,或從他們在你們境內所生的後代子孫中,購買奴婢。這些奴婢可成為你們的產業, 45And of the strangers that sojourn among you, or that were born of them in your land, these you shall have for servants:
46可將他們留給你們的後代子孫,當作永久的產業,使他們勞作。至於你們的兄弟以色列子民,彼此既是兄弟,不可嚴加虐待。 46And by right of inheritance shall leave them to your posterity, and shall possess them for ever. But oppress not your brethren the children of Israel by might.
47若外方人,或寄居在你處的人成了富翁,你的兄弟反而窮了,欠他的債,而賣身給寄居在你處的外方人,或外方人家中的後代; 47If the hand of a stranger or a sojourner grow strong among you, and thy brother being impoverished sell himself to him, or to any of his race:
48賣身以後,仍享有贖回的權利;他的任何一個兄弟可以贖他; 48After the sale he may be redeemed. He that will of his brethren shall redeem him:
49他的叔伯,或他叔伯的兒子可以贖他;他家中的任何至親骨肉都可以贖他;如他自己致富,亦可自贖。 49Either his uncle, or his uncle's son, or his kinsman, by blood, or by affinity. But if he himself be able also, he shall redeem himself,
50他應同購買自己的人,計算從賣身給他以後到喜年的年數;贖價應依照年數的多少,並按傭工每日的工價決定; 50Counting only the years from the time of his selling unto the year of the jubilee: and counting the money that he was sold for, according to the number of the years and the reckoning of a hired servant,
51如剩下的年數尚多,他應依照年數的多少,出一部分贖價來贖身。 51If there be many years that remain until the jubilee, according to them shall he also repay the price.
52如直到喜年剩下的年數不多,應這樣計算:依照年數的比例交付贖價。 52If few, he shall make the reckoning with him according to the number of the years, and shall repay to the buyer of what remaineth of the years,
53買主對他應像每年雇的工人;他不可當著你虐待那人。 53His wages being allowed for which he served before: he shall not afflict him violently in thy sight.
54如果那人不能這樣贖身,到了喜年,他可與兒女自由離去。 54And if by these means he cannot be redeemed, in the year of the jubilee he shall go out with his children.
55因為以色列子民只對我是奴隸,他們是我的奴隸,是我領他們離開了埃及地:我,上主是你們的天主。 55For the children of Israel are my servants, whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt.



25:1-5
关於安息年的法律,参见出23:10,11及注。

25:8-55
8-55节是有关喜年的法律;喜年的意义和目的,与安息年相同。以色列人自古即深信土地属天主所有,人只不过替天主耕耘播种,收获後与穷人和外方人共享田地的产物。由此也可以明白,先知们为什麽屡次攻击那只顾自己而不顾穷人的富人(依5:8-12)。有关喜年的法律与其说是另一法律,不如说是安息年法律的演绎。近代许多学者认为喜年的法律是一篇有关理想社会的宣言,而不是法律。实际上,旧约全书未曾记载一件事实以证明以色列人曾守过喜年的法律。守与没守,自然不能是绝对没有该法律的证据,户36:4;则46:17 也不能证明以色列人守了这个法律,而只说明喜年的法律表示一个正义的理想社会。

肋未紀 Leviticus Leviticus:Chapter 26
1你們不可製造神像,亦不可立雕像或石柱;在你們境內,亦不可安置石像,供人朝拜,因為我上主是你們的天主。 1I am the Lord your God: you shall not make to yourselves any idol or graven thing, neither shall you erect pillars, nor set up a remarkable stone in your land, to adore it: for I am the Lord your God.
2你們應遵守我的安息日,尊敬我的聖所:我是上主。 2Keep my sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuary: I am the Lord.
3如果你們履行我的法令,遵守我的命令,一一依照執行, 3If you walk in my precepts, and keep my commandments, and do them, I will give you rain in due seasons.
4我必按時給你們降下雨露,地必供給出產,田野的樹木必結出果實。 4And the ground shall bring forth its increase, and the trees shall be filled with fruit.
5你們打禾必打到收葡萄的時期,收葡萄必收到播種的時期;你們必有食糧吃飽,在境內安居樂業。 5The threshing of your harvest shall reach unto the vintage, and the vintage shall reach unto the sowing time: and you shall eat your bread to the full, and dwell in your land without fear.
6我必賜國內太平,你們睡下,沒有人驚擾;我必使境內的猛獸消滅,刀劍也不侵入你們境內。 6I will give peace in your coasts: you shall sleep, and there shall be none to make you afraid. I will take away evil beasts: and the sword shall not pass through your quarters.
7你們追擊仇敵時,他們必在你們面前喪身刀下。 7You shall pursue your enemies, and they shall fall before you.
8你們五人要追擊一百,你們百人要追擊一萬;你們的仇敵必在你們面前喪身刀下。 8Five of yours shall pursue a hundred others, and a hundred of you ten thousand: your enemies shall fall before you by the sword.
9我必眷顧你們,使你們繁殖增多;我必固守我與你們所立的盟約。 9I will look on you, and make you increase: you shall be multiplied, and I will establish my covenant with you.
10你們要吃久藏的陳糧,要清出陳糧,為貯藏新糧。 10You shall eat the oldest of the old store, and, new coming on, you shall cast away the old.
11我必在你們中間安置我的住所,再不厭惡你們。 11I will set my tabernacle in the midst of you, and my soul shall not cast you off.
12我必住在你們中間,做你們的天主,你們做我的百姓。 12I will walk among you, and will be your God, and you shall be my people.
13我上主是你們的天主,是我領你們出離了埃及地,不再做他們的奴隸;是我打斷了你們軛上的橫木,令你們昂首前行。 13I am the Lord your God: who have brought you out of the land of the Egyptians, that you should not serve them, and who have broken the chains of your necks, that you might go upright.
14但是,如果你們不聽從我,不執行這一切命令; 14But if you will not hear me, nor do all my commandments,
15如果你們棄絕我的法令,厭惡我的制度,不遵行我的一切命令,而破壞我的盟約, 15If you despise my laws, and contemn my judgments so as not to do those things which are appointed by me, and to make void my covenant:
16我必要這樣與你們作對,使你們恐怖,患肺癆瘧疾,眼目昏花,心靈憔悴;你們的種子,白白播種,因為你們的仇敵要來吃盡。 16I also will do these things to you: I will quickly visit you with poverty, and burning heat, which shall waste your eyes, and consume your lives. You shall sow your seed in vain, which shall be devoured by your enemies.
17我要板起臉來與你們作對,你們必為仇敵擊潰,那仇恨你們的要壓制你們;雖然沒有人追趕,你們也要望風而逃。 17I will set my face against you, and you shall fall down before your enemies, and shall be made subject to them that hate you, you shall flee when no man pursueth you.
18如果這樣你們還不聽從我,為了你們的罪惡,我必要加重七倍懲罰你們, 18But if you will not yet for all this obey me: I will chastise you seven times more for your sins,
19粉碎你們矜誇的力量,使你們的蒼天如鐵,使你們的土地像銅, 19And I will break the pride of your stubbornness, and I will make to you the heaven above as iron, and the earth as brass:
20使你們白費氣力,地不供給出產,田野的樹木也不結果實。 20Your labour shall be spent in vain, the ground shall not bring forth her increase, nor the trees yield their fruit.
21如果你們還與我作對,不願聽從我,我必按照你們的罪惡,加重七倍打擊你們, 21If you walk contrary to me, and will not hearken to me, I will bring seven times more plagues upon you for your sins:
22使野獸來傷害你們,奪去你們的子女,殘害你們的牲畜,減少你們的人口,使你們的街市變為廢墟。 22And I will send in upon you the beasts of the held, to destroy you and your cattle, and make you few in number, and that your highways may be desolate.
23如果我用這些事還不能懲戒你們,你們仍然與我作對, 23And if even so you will not amend, but will walk contrary to me:
24我也要與你們作對,為了你們的罪惡,必要加重七倍打擊你們。 24I also will walk contrary to you, and will strike you seven times for your sins.
25我必令刀劍臨於你們,為報復違背盟約的罪;如果你們退入城市,我必使瘟疫來害你們,叫你們落在仇人手內。 25And I will bring in upon you the sword that shall avenge my covenant. And when you shall flee into the cities, I will send the pestilence in the midst of you, and you shall be delivered into the hands of your enemies,
26當我給你們斷絕了糧源時,十個女人要在一口灶上烤餅,按定量給你們配給食糧;你們雖然吃,卻吃不飽。 26After I shall have broken the staff of your bread: so that ten women shall bake your bread in one oven, and give it out by weight: and you shall eat, and shall not be filled.
27如果這樣,你們還不聽從我,仍然與我作對, 27But if you will not for all this hearken to me, but will walk against me:
28我必發怒來與你們作對,為了你們的罪惡,我必加重七倍懲罰你們。 28I will also go against you with opposite fury, and I will chastise you with seven plagues for your sins,
29你們要吃你們兒子的肉,連你們女兒的肉也要吃。 29So that you shall eat the flesh of your sons and of your daughters.
30我必破壞你們的丘壇,砍倒你們的香臺,將你們的屍首堆在你們的偶像的屍首上。我必厭惡你們, 30I will destroy your high places, and break your idols. You shall fall among the ruins of your idols, and my soul shall abhor you.
31使你們的城市變為曠野,聖所化為廢墟,不願再聞你們祭品的馨香。 31Insomuch that I will bring your cities to be a wilderness, and I will make your sanctuaries desolate, and will receive no more your sweet odours.
32我必使你們的地化為廢墟,甚至你的仇人來居住時,還驚奇不已。 32And I will destroy your land, and your enemies shall be astonished at it, when they shall be the inhabitants thereof.
33我必將你們分散在各民族中,我要拔劍追逐你們,使你們的地成為廢墟,城市變為曠野。 33And I will scatter you among the Gentiles, and I will draw out the sword after you, and your land shall be desert, and your cities destroyed.
34當那地方變成荒野,而你們僑居在仇人的地方時,這整個的時期,那地才補上了安息的時候;那時地要休息,補享安息年。 34Then shall the land enjoy her sabbaths all the days of her desolation: when you shall be
35那地方荒涼的整個時期內,才得到安息,補享你們居住時,在你們的安息年內,未享到的安息。 35In the enemy's land, she shall keep a sabbath, and rest in the sabbaths of her desolation, because she did not rest in your sabbaths when you dwelt therein.
36至於你們中殘存的人,我必使他們在仇人的地方膽戰心驚,甚至風吹落葉聲也把他們嚇跑,逃跑有如逃避刀劍;雖然無人追趕,他們也跌倒在地。 36And as to them that shall remain of you I will send fear in their hearts in the countries of their enemies, the sound of a flying leaf shall terrify them, and they shall flee as it were from the sword: they shall fall, when no man pursueth them,
37雖然無人追趕,他們卻一人倒在另一人身上,如面臨刀劍。你們決不能抵擋你們的仇人, 37And they shall every one fall upon their brethren as fleeing from wars, none of you shall dare to resist your enemies.
38只有在各民族中消滅;仇人的土地要把你們吞下。 38You shall perish among the Gentiles, and an enemy's land shall consume you.
39你們中殘存的人,必為了自己的罪惡,在仇人的地方,日漸衰弱,還要為了祖先的罪惡,日漸衰弱。 39And if of them also some remain, they shall pine away in their iniquities, in the land of their enemies, and they shall be afflicted for the sins of their fathers, and their own:
40他們終必承認自己的罪惡,祖先的罪惡,對我不忠與我作對的叛逆之罪。 40Until they confess their iniquities and the iniquities of their ancestors, whereby they have transgressed me, and walked contrary unto me.
41當我與他們作對,將他們遷送到他們仇人的地方以後,他們未受割損的心,必會謙卑自下,要心甘情願受罰贖罪, 41Therefore I also will walk them, and bring them into their enemies' land until their uncircumcised mind be ashamed: then shall they pray for their sins.
42我也要想起我同雅各伯所結的盟約,想起同依撒格,同亞巴郎所結的盟約,也想起那地方來。 42And I will remember my covenant, that I made with Jacob, and Isaac, and Abraham. I will remember also the land:
43但那地方應為他們所放棄,好在他們離去,地方荒蕪時,才能補享安息年,同時他們也補贖自己的罪惡,這是因為他們棄絕了我的制度,厭惡了我的法令。 43Which when she shall be left by them, shall enjoy her sabbaths, being desolate for them. But they shall pray for their sins, because they rejected my judgments, and despised my laws.
44但是,即使這樣,當他們留在仇人的地方時,我仍不棄絕他們,也不厭惡他們,以致消滅他們,廢除我與他們結的盟約,因為我上主是他們的天主。 44And yet for all that when they were in the land of their enemies, I did not cast them off altogether, neither did I so despise them that they should be quite consumed, and I should make void my covenant with them. For I am the Lord their God.
45我顧念他們,我還要想起我與他們的祖先所結的盟約;我在各民族的眼前,由埃及地領出他們的祖先來,為做他們的天主:我是上主。」 45And I will remember my former covenant, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, in the sight of the Gentiles, to be their God. I am the Lord. These are the judgments, and precepts, and laws, which the Lord gave between him and the children of Israel in mount Sinai by the hand of Moses.
46這是上主在西乃山,於自己和以色列子民間,藉梅瑟所立定的法令、制度和法律。 46



26:1-46
本章宣言的结构颇与申28相似。此宣言的主旨来自梅瑟,而宣言的现有形式,似乎是梅瑟以後和希则克雅年间编辑的。

26:6-39
天主对违法者所降的灾祸,是由小而大,最後还说要七倍惩罚。所谓「七倍」即谓绝对降罚。天主所降的灾祸是:一、以色列人在敌人攻击下,必然败退;二、土地没有生产;叁、野兽为害;四、瘟疫;五、饥荒;六、灾民因饥馑易子而食(参阅列下6:24-29;哀2:20; 4:10)。按公元七十年罗马军队围攻耶路撒冷时,城内曾发生过此种惨剧。最後人民因所受的灾祸而承认了自己的罪,又归向了天主。


肋未紀 Leviticus Leviticus:Chapter 27
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:若人以人身許願,應將人身的代價獻給上主, 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: The man that shall have made a vow, and promised his soul to God, shall give the price according to estimation.
3由二十歲到六十歲的男人,根據聖所的『協刻耳』,估價應是五十銀『協刻耳』; 3If it be a man from twenty years old unto sixty years old, he shall give fifty sides of silver, after the weight of the sanctuary:
4若是女人,估價應是三十『協刻耳』。 4If a woman, thirty.
5由五歲到二十歲,若是男性,估價應是二十『協刻耳』,女性為十『協刻耳』。 5But from the fifth year until the twentieth, a man shall give twenty sicles: a woman ten.
6由一月到五歲,若是男性,估價為五銀『協刻耳』;若是女性,估價為三銀『協刻耳』。 6From one month until the fifth year. for a male shall be given five sides: for a female three.
7六十歲以上的人,若是男性,估價為十五『協刻耳』,女性為十『協刻耳』。 7A man that is sixty years old or upward, shall give fifteen aisles: a woman ten.
8但若是人窮,不能支付這估價,應帶他到司祭面前。司祭估定他的價格;司祭要按許願人的財力,估定價格。 8If he be poor, and not able to pay tile estimation, he shall stand before tile priest: and as much as he shall value him at, and see him able to pay, so much shall he give.
9如所許的是可獻於上主作祭品的獸類,獻於上主的任何走獸,應視為聖的, 9But a beast that may be sacrificed to the Lord, if any one shall vow, shall be holy,
10不可更換,不可替代,不能以好換壞,或以壞換好;如果人拿一隻走獸換另一隻,以前所許的和以後所換的,都應視為聖的。 10And cannot be changed, that is to say, neither a better for a worse, nor a worse for a better. And if he shall change it: both that which was changed, and that for which it was changed, shall be consecrated to the Lord.
11如所許的是一隻不潔,不堪獻於上主作祭品的走獸,就應將牠牽到司祭前, 11An unclean beast, which cannot be sacrificed to the Lord, if my man shall vow, shall be brought before the priest:
12司祭估定牠的好壞;司祭估多少,就是多少; 12Who judging whether it be good or bad, shall set the price:
13如許願的人願把牠贖回,除了司祭估定的價值外,還應加五分之一。 13Which if he that offereth it will give, he shall add above the estimation the fifth part.
14若人把自己的房屋,獻於上主,司祭應估定它的好壞;司祭估多少,就是多少。 14If a man shall vow his house, and sanctify it to the Lord, the priest shall consider it, whether it be good or bad, and it shall be sold according to the price, which he shall appoint.
15如果獻房屋的人再願贖回,除估定的價值外,還應加五分之一,房屋才可歸他。 15But if he that vowed, will redeem it, he shall give the fifth part of the estimation over and above, and shall have the house.
16若人將自己的一部份田產獻於上主,估價應按地播種所需要的數量;一『荷默爾』大麥種子,為五十銀『協刻耳』。 16And if he vow the field of his possession, and consecrate it to the Lord, the price shall be rated according to the measure of the seed. If the ground be sowed with thirty bushels of barley, let it be sold for fifty sides of silver.
17若人由喜年起,獻了自己的田地,這個估價就是定價; 17If he vow his field immediately from the year of jubilee that is beginning, as much as it may be worth, at so much it shall be rated.
18但如果在喜年以後獻自己的田地,司祭應按至喜年尚餘的年數給他估價,把估價減低。 18But if some time after, the priest shall reckon the money according to the number of years that remain until the jubilee, and the price shall be abated.
19如獻田地的人再願贖回,除司祭估定的價錢外,還應加五分之一,田地仍歸於他; 19And if he that had vowed, will redeem his field, he shall add the fifth part of the money of the estimation, and shall possess it.
20但若他不但沒有把田地贖回,反而賣給別人,不能再贖回; 20And if he will not redeem it, but it be sold to any other man, he that vowed it, may not redeem it any more:
21一到喜年,田地應退還時,應獻於上主,當作禁田,歸於司祭,成為他的產業。 21For when the day of jubilee cometh, it shall be sanctified to the Lord, and as a possession consecrated, pertaineth to the right of the priests.
22若人將自己買來的田地,而非祖業,獻於上主, 22If a field that was bought, and not of a man's ancestors' possession, be sanctified to the Lord,
23司祭就應估定這田地直到喜年所有的價值,那人應在當天支付你估定的價錢,這是歸上主的聖物。 23The priest shall reckon the price according to the number of years: unto the jubilee: and he that had vowed, shall give that to the Lord.
24一到喜年,這田地應退還給賣田的人,歸於這塊田地的原有人。 24But in the jubilee, it shall return to the former owner, who had sold it, and had it in the lot of his possession.
25一切估價都應按聖所的『協刻耳』;一『協刻耳』等於二十『革辣』。 25All estimation shall be made according to the side of the sanctuary. A sicle hath twenty obols.
26至於頭胎牲畜,既是頭胎,應屬於上主,人不能再奉獻;不論是牛是羊,已屬於上主。 26The firstborn, which belong to the Lord, no man may sanctify and vow: whether it be bullock, or sheep, they are the Lord's.
27若是不潔牲畜的頭胎,人應照估價贖回,再加五分之一;如不贖回,應照估價賣掉。 27And if it be an unclean beast, he that offereth it shall redeem it, according to thy estimation, and shall add the fifth part of the price. If he will not redeem it, it shall be sold to another for how much soever it was estimated by thee.
28凡照禁物法獻於上主之物,凡人所有的,不論是人,或是牲畜,或是一部份田產,便不可變賣,亦不可贖回;凡禁物都是屬於上主的至聖之物。 28Any thing that is devoted to the Lord, whether it be man, or beast, or field, shall not be sold, neither may it be redeemed. Whatsoever is once consecrated shall be holy of holies to the Lord.
29凡照禁物法應處置的人,便不可贖回,應將他處死。 29And any consecration that is offered by man, shall not be redeemed, but dying shall die.
30凡土地的出產,或是田地的穀物,或是樹木的果實,十分之一應歸於上主,是獻於上主的聖物。 30All tithes of the land, whether of corn, or of the fruits of trees, are the Lord's, and are sanctified to him.
31人若願意把應獻的十分之一贖回一部份,除物價外,應另加五分之一。 31And if any man will redeem his tithes, he shall add the fifth part of them.
32凡牛群或羊群,由牧童杖下經過的每第十隻,亦即全群十分之一,應獻於上主; 32Of all the tithes of oxen, and sheep, and goats, that pass under the shepherd's rod, every tenth that cometh shall be sanctified to the Lord.
33人不應追究是好是壞,亦不可將牠更換;更換了,以前所有的和以後所換的,都應視為聖物,不得贖回。」 33It shall not be chosen neither good nor bad, neither shall it be changed for another. If any man change it: both that which was changed, and that for which it was changed, shall be sanctified to the Lord, and shall not be redeemed.
34這是上主在西乃山為以色列子民向梅瑟吩咐的法令。 34These are the precepts which the Lord commanded Moses for the children of Israel in mount Sinai.



27:1-34
本章为一附录,虽是晚年充军以前编辑的,但仍然暗含含许多古代习俗及法律。这些法律和习俗都表示人所许的愿,是一种神圣行为。向天主许愿,也该还愿;如果许愿而不能还愿时,人理应对所许的愿加以解释。

27:1-8
人能献身於天主(户6:1-12),或将自己的儿女献於天主(撒上1)。

27:2-8
人能献身於天主(户6:1-12),或将自己的儿女献於天主(撒上1)。

27:9-13
人可将可做祭牲的牲畜,代替自己献於天主,但不可将其卖出而献其价值;至於不可做祭牲的牲畜,应将其卖出,而献其价值。

27:14-15
关於献房屋,和献兽的规定几乎相同。

27:16-27
至於献田地的规定(16-25节)是与喜年的规则相连的(参阅25:8-16)。关於头胎牲畜,参见出13:11-13; 34:19。

27:28-29
关於禁物,参见户21:2-3 ; 苏6:15-21 ; 撒上15:3。

27:30-33
关於什一之物,参见申12:6 ; 厄下13:12 ; 多1:6等。








戶籍紀 Numbers 引言
《五書》第四部稱為《戶籍紀》(或民數紀),因為本書內數次記載了戶口調查和士兵登記的事。

本書上繼《出谷紀》,敘述選民由西乃山起程,在梅瑟領導下,三十八年之久,在曠野中所經歷的一些重要大事。除這些重要大事外,還記載了一些有關祭獻的法律,這些法律有些是梅瑟制定的,有些是後世增補的。

《戶籍紀》的中心思想,是在說明天主和選民雙方對盟約所有的態度。根據盟約的條款,天主常要以恩寵和德能,照顧自己的百姓。的確,天主在曠野中常發顯了奇跡保護他們,以維持他們的生活。但同時也使他們遭遇了種種困難,為試探考驗他們,使他們成為一個有堅固信仰的民族。然而他們卻不明瞭自己所負的使命,所處的特殊地位,所應盡的義務,所以一遇到挫折或困難,便立刻抱怨天主,反抗梅瑟。他們雖因此多次受了懲罰,仍執迷不悟,不知悔改,因此天主罰他們在曠野中漂泊四十年之久,直等那一代的人,除極少數的忠貞人士外,都死在曠野為止。但仁慈信實的天主,決不完全棄捨自己的選民,因為他必實踐許與聖祖的諾言。為使這些諾言更信而有徵,曾打發一位外教的先知巴郎,叫他一連四次祝福以色列人,一再預言他們必將獲得天主所許下的幸福。

本書所載一切有關以色列子民的歷史,誠如聖保祿所說,應作我們新約選民的「鑑戒」,勸戒我們這些應經過今世的曠野,而走向來世永生的信徒,切不可重蹈他們的覆轍,背信忘義,執迷不悟;反要堅忍天主的考驗,善用天主在這末世時期所賜與我們的特恩異寵(格10:1-11;希3:12-19)。為此每年四旬節期內,聖教會在彌撒中的宣讀聖經部分,一再將以色列子民四十年流浪曠野的史事,向信友宣讀,使信友撫今追昔,知所警惕,而勉力向善。
  
戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 1
1以色列人出埃及國後第二年二月一日,上主在西乃曠野於會幕內訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai in the tabernacle of the covenant, the first day of the second month, the second year of their going out of Egypt, saying:
2「你們要依照以色列子民的宗族和家系,統計全會眾的人口,把男丁的姓名都一一登記。 2Take the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel by their families, and houses, and the names of every one, as many as are of the male sex,
3在以色列中,凡二十歲以上能上陣作戰的,你和亞郎要一隊一隊地統計。 3From twenty years old and upwards, of all the men of Israel fit for war, and you shall number them by their troops, thou and Aaron.
4每一支派有一人同你們合作,他們都是各宗族的族長。 4And there shall be with you the princes of the tribes, and of the houses in their kindreds,
5那協助你們的人名如下:勒烏本支派,是舍德烏爾的兒子厄里族爾; 5Whose names are these: Of Ruben, Elisur the son of Sedeur.
6西默盎支派,是族黎沙待的兒子舍路米耳; 6Of Simeon, Salamiel the son of Surisaddai.
7猶大支派,是阿米納達布的兒子納赫雄; 7Of Juda, Nahasson the son of Aminadab.
8依撒加爾支派,是族阿爾的兒子乃塔乃耳; 8Of Issachar, Nathanael the son of Suar.
9則步隆支派,是赫隆的兒子厄里雅布; 9Of Zabulon, Eliab the son of Helon.
10若瑟的兩個兒子:厄弗辣因支派,是阿米胡得的兒子厄里沙瑪;默納協支派,是培達族爾的兒子加默里耳; 10And of the sons of Joseph: of Ephraim, Elisama the son of Ammiud: of Manasses, Gamaliel the son of Phadassur.
11本雅明支派,是基德敖尼的兒子阿彼丹; 11Of Benjamin, Abidan the son of Gedeon.
12丹支派,是阿米沙待的兒子阿希厄則爾; 12Of Dan, Ahiezer the son of Ammisaddai.
13阿協爾支派,是敖革蘭的兒子帕革厄耳; 13Of Aser, Phegiel the son of Ochran.
14加得支派,是勒烏耳的兒子厄肋雅撒夫; 14Of Gad, Eliasaph the son of Duel.
15納斐塔里支派,是厄南的兒子阿希辣。」 15Of Nephtali, Ahira the son of Enan.
16這些人是由會眾中選出來的,都是他們宗族的領袖,以色列的千夫長。 16These are the most noble princes of the multitude by their tribes and kindreds, and the chiefs of the army of Israel:
17梅瑟和亞郎就帶著這些提名派定的人, 17Whom Moses and Aaron took with all the multitude of the common people:
18於二月一日召集了全會眾,人都依照宗族和家系登了記,由二十歲以上的,都一一將姓名登了記。 18And assembled them on the first day of the second month, reckoning them up by the kindreds, and houses, and families, and heads, and names of every one from twenty years old and upward,
19上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟,梅瑟就怎樣在西乃曠野統計了他們。 19As the Lord had commanded Moses. And they were numbered in the desert of Sinai.
20以色列的長子勒烏本子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的男子,都一一將姓名登了記; 20Of Ruben the eldest son of Israel, by their generations and families and houses and names of every head, all that were of the male sex, from twenty years old and upward, that were able to go forth to war,
21勒烏本支派登記的,計有四萬六千五百。 21Were forty-six thousand five hundred.
22西默盎子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的男子,都一一將姓名登了記, 22Of the sons of Simeon by their generations and families, and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names and heads of every one, all that were of the male sex, from twenty years old and upward, that were able to go forth to war,
23西默盎支派登記的,計有五萬九千三百。 23Fifty-nine thousand three hundred.
24加得子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 24Of the sons of Gad, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
25加得支派登記的,計有四萬五千六百五十。 25Forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty.
26猶大子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 26Of the sons of Juda, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds, by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
27猶大支派登記的,計有七萬四千六百。 27Were reckoned up seventy-four thousand six hundred.
28依撒加爾子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記, 28Of the sons of Issachar, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds, by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that could go forth to war,
29依撒加爾支派登記的,計有五萬四千四百。 29Were reckoned up fifty-four thousand four hundred.
30則步隆子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 30Of the sons of Zabulon, by the generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
31則步隆支派登記的,計有五萬七千四百。 31Fifty-seven thousand four hundred.
32若瑟的子孫:厄弗辣因子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 32Of the sons of Joseph, namely, of the sons of Ephraim, by the generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one, from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
33厄弗辣因支派登記的,計有四萬五百。 33Forty thousand five hundred.
34默納協子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的男子,都一一將姓名登了記; 34Moreover of the sons of Manasses, by the generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that could go forth to war,
35默納協支派登記的,計有三萬二千二百。 35Thirty-two thousand two hundred.
36本雅明子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 36Of the sons of Benjamin, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
37本雅明支派登記的,計有三萬五千四百。 37Thirty-five thousand four hundred.
38丹子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 38Of the sons of Dan, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
39丹支派登記的,計有六萬二千七百。 39Sixty-two thousand seven hundred.
40阿協爾子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 40Of the sons of Aser, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
41阿協爾支派登記的,計有四萬一千五百。 41Forty-one thousand and five hundred.
42納斐塔里子孫的後裔,依照宗族和家系,二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的,都將姓名登了記; 42Of the sons of Nephtali, by their generations and families and houses of their kindreds, were reckoned up by the names of every one from twenty years old and upward, all that were able to go forth to war,
43納斐塔里支派登記的,計有五萬三千四百: 43Fifty-three thousand four hundred.
44以上是梅瑟和亞郎並以色列的首領十二人──每宗族一人──所登記的人數。 44These era they who were numbered by Moses and Aaron, and the twelve princes of Israel, every one by the houses of their kindreds.
45以色列中二十歲以上,凡能上陣作戰的以色列子民,全依照宗族和家系登了記。 45And the whole number of the children of Israel by their houses and families, from twenty years old and upward, that were able to go to war,
46全體登記的總數,是六十萬三千五百五十。 46Were six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty men.
47但是肋未人沒有依照自己的宗派同他們一起登記, 47But the Levites in the tribes of their families were not numbered with them.
48因為上主曾訓示梅瑟說: 48And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
49「只有肋未支派,不要登記,不要將他們列在以色列子民內。 49Number not the tribe of Levi, neither shalt thou put down the sum of them with the children of Israel:
50你應派肋未人管理會幕和其中一切器皿,並一切附屬物。他們要搬運會幕和其中一切器皿,在會幕中服務,住在會幕的四周。 50But appoint them over the tabernacle of the testimony, and all the vessels thereof, and whatsoever pertaineth to the ceremonies. They shall carry the tabernacle and all the furniture thereof: and they shall minister, and shall encamp round about the tabernacle.
51會幕要遷移時,肋未人拆卸;會幕要搭紮時,肋未人張搭;若俗人走近,應處死刑。 51When you are to go forward, the Levites shall take down the tabernacle: when you are to camp, they shall set it up. What stranger soever cometh to it, shall be slain.
52以色列子民應分隊紮營,各歸本旗。 52And the children of Israel shall camp every man by his troops and bands and army.
53但肋未人應在會幕四周紮營,免得以色列子民會眾觸犯天怒;肋未人應負責看守會幕。」 53But the Levites shall pitch their tents round about the tabernacle, lest there come indignation upon the multitude of the children of Israel, and they shall keep watch, and guard the tabernacle of the testimony.
54以色列子民都照辦了;上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟,他們就怎樣辦了。 54And the children of Israel did according to all things which the Lord had commanded Moses.



1:1-4
按出30:12,天主早已吩咐梅瑟,应统计一切能上阵作战的以色列男子;现今梅瑟即履行此令。

1:5-19
调查户口的目的,就是要知道能上阵打仗的男子的数目。

1:20-46
若瑟的两个儿子厄弗辣因与默纳协,按创48:5的记载,雅各伯曾视为己子,故与十二列祖同列。厄弗辣因继其父位,默纳协支派替代肋未支派,承受了客纳罕福地,以补「十二」之数。

1:47-54
肋未人因为在旷野中曾协助梅瑟剿灭了拜金牛者(出32:27-28),所以被选为敬礼上主之人。他们的责任在於要保持洁净无罪,所以禁为军人。51节的「俗人」即指非肋未人。






戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 2
1上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
2「以色列子民每人應隨自己的旗幟,在自己宗族的標誌下紮營,都向著會幕,在四周稍遠的地方紮營。 2All the children of Israel shall camp by their troops, ensigns, and standards, and the houses of their kindreds, round about the tabernacle of the covenant.
3在前面,即東方,是猶大軍團紮營的旗幟:猶大子孫的首領是阿米納達布的兒子納赫雄; 3On the east Juda shall pitch his tents by the bands of his army: and the prince of his sons shall be Nahasson the son of Aminadab.
4他的部隊登記的,是七萬四千六百。 4And the whole sum of the fighting men of his stock, were seventy-four thousand six hundred.
5在其傍紮營的是依撒加爾支派;依撒加爾子孫的首領是族阿爾的兒子乃塔乃耳; 5Next unto him they of the tribe of Issachar encamped, whose prince was Nathanael, the son of Suar.
6他的部隊登記的,是五萬四千四百。 6And the whole number of his fighting men were fifty-four thousand four hundred.
7隨後是則步隆支派;則步隆子孫的首領是赫隆的兒子厄里雅布; 7In the tribe of Zabulon the prince was Eliab the son of Helon.
8他的部隊登記的,是五萬七千四百。 8And all the army of fighting men of his stock, were fifty-seven thousand four hundred.
9猶大軍團登記的,共計十八萬六千四百;他們應首先出發。 9All that were numbered in the camp of Juda, were a hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred: and they by their troops shall march first.
10南方是勒烏本軍團紮營的旗幟:勒烏本子孫的首領是舍德烏爾的兒子厄里族爾; 10In the camp of the sons of Ruben, on the south side, the prince shall be Elisur the son of Sedeur:
11他的部隊登記的,是四萬六千五百。 11And the whole army of his fighting men, that were numbered, were forty-six thousand five hundred.
12在其傍紮營的,是西默盎支派;西默盎子孫的首領是族黎沙待的兒子舍路米耳; 12Beside him camped they of the tribe of Simeon: whose prince was Salamiel the son of Surisaddai.
13他的部隊登記的,是五萬九千三百。 13And the whole army of his fighting men, that were numbered, were fifty-nine thousand three hundred.
14隨後是加得支派;加得子孫的首領是勒烏耳的兒子厄肋雅撒夫; 14In the tribe of Gad the prince was Eliasaph the son of Duel.
15他的部隊登記的,是四萬五千六百五十。 15And the whole army of his fighting men that were numbered, were forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty.
16勒烏本軍團登記的,共計十五萬一千四百五十;他們其次出發。 16All that were reckoned up in the camp of Ruben, were a hundred and fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty, by their troops: they shall march in the second place.
17隨後,會幕與肋未營在各營中心啟程前行;各營怎樣紮營,就怎樣出發前行,各依自己的位置,各隨自己的旗幟。 17And the tabernacle of the testimony shall be carried by the officers of the Levites and their troops. As it shall be set up, so shall it be taken down. Every one shall march according to their places, and ranks.
18西方是厄弗辣因軍團紮營的旗幟:厄弗辣因子孫的首領是阿米胡得的兒子厄里沙瑪; 18On the west side shall be the camp of the sons of Ephraim, whose prince was Elisama, the son of Ammiud.
19他的部隊登記的,是四萬五百。 19The whole army of his fighting men, that were numbered, were forty thousand five hundred.
20在其傍是默納協支派;默納協子孫的首領是培達族爾的兒子加默里耳; 20And with them the tribe of the sons of Manasses, whose prince was Gamaliel the son of Phadassur.
21他的部隊登記的,是三萬二千二百。 21And the whole army of his fighting men, that were numbered, were thirty-two thousand two hundred.
22隨後是本雅明支派;本雅明子孫的首領是基德敖尼的兒子阿彼丹; 22In the tribe of the sons of Benjamin the prince was Abidan the son of Gedeon.
23他的部隊登記的,是三萬五千四百。 23And the whole army of his fighting men, that were reckoned up, were thirty-five thousand four hundred.
24厄弗辣因軍團登記的,共計十萬八千一百;他們作第三隊出發。 24All that were numbered in the camp of Ephraim, were a hundred and eight thousand one hundred by their troops: they shall march in the third place.
25北方是丹軍團紮營的旗幟:丹子孫的首領是阿米沙待的兒子阿希厄則爾; 25On the north side camped the sons of Dan: whose prince was Ahiezar the son of Ammisaddai.
26他的部隊登記的,是六萬二千七百。 26The whole army of his fighting men, that were numbered, were sixty-two thousand seven hundred.
27在其傍紮營的是阿協爾支派;阿協爾子孫的首領是敖革蘭的兒子帕革厄耳; 27Beside him they of the tribe of Aser pitched their tents: whose prince was Phegiel the son of Ochran.
28他的部隊登記的,是四萬一千五百。 28The whole army of his fighting men, that were numbered, were forty-one thousand five hundred.
29隨後是納斐塔里支派;納斐塔里子孫的首領是厄南的兒子阿希辣; 29Of the tribe of the sons of Nephtali the prince was Ahira the son of Enan.
30他的部隊登記的,是五萬三千四百。 30The whole army of his fighting men, were fifty-three thousand four hundred.
31丹軍團登記的,共計十五萬七千六百;他們隨著自己的旗幟,最後出發。」 31All that were numbered in the camp of Dan, were a hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred: and they shall march last.
32這就是以色列子民依照家系登記的數目;各營的部隊登記的總數,共六十萬三千五百五十。 32This is the number of the children of Israel, of their army divided according to the houses of their kindreds and their troops, six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty.
33照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的,肋未人沒有在以色列子民中登記。 33And the Levites were not numbered among the children of Israel: for so the Lord had commanded Moses.
34以色列子民全照上主吩咐梅瑟的做了,都隨著自己的旗幟紮營,各隨宗族和家系出發進行。 34And the children of Israel did according to all things that the Lord had commanded. They camped by their troops, and marched by the families and houses of their fathers.



2:1-34
以色列子民在旷野里安营的形式是四方形,每面叁支派,每叁支派为一组。会幕与肋未营设在正中。标志大概是以动物做象徵,如狮子为犹大支派的象徵。犹大支派领先,并为第一组的首领,无疑是由雅各伯的预言而来的,见创49:8-12。
戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 3
1上主在西乃山上與梅瑟交談的時候,亞郎和梅瑟的後裔如下: 1These are the generations of Aaron and Moses in the day that the Lord spoke to Moses in mount Sinai.
2亞郎兒子的名字是:長子納達布、阿彼胡、厄肋阿匝爾和依塔瑪爾: 2And these the names of the sons of Aaron: his firstborn Nadab, then Abiu, and Eleazar, and Ithamar.
3這是亞郎兒子的名字,他們都是受傅的司祭,受祝聖盡司祭之職。 3These the names of the sons of Aaron the priests that were anointed, and whose hands were filled and consecrated, to do the functions of priesthood.
4納達布和阿彼胡在西乃曠野於上主面前獻了凡火,立即死於上主面前,沒有留下兒子;只有厄肋阿匝爾和依塔瑪爾,在他們父親亞郎面前執行司祭的職務。 4Now Nadab and Abiu died, without children, when they offered strange fire before the Lord, in the desert of Sinai: and Eleazar and Ithamar performed the priestly office in the presence of Aaron their father.
5上主訓示梅瑟說: 5And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
6「叫肋未支派前來,站在亞郎司祭面前,協助他服務。 6Bring the tribe of Levi, and make them stand in the sight of Aaron the priest to minister to him, and let them watch,
7他們應代亞郎和全會眾,在會幕前盡應盡的義務,在會幕內服役, 7And observe whatsoever appertaineth to the service of the multitude before the tabernacle of the testimony,
8管理會幕內的一切器具,代以色列子民盡應盡之職,在會幕內服役。 8And let them keep the vessels of the tabernacle, serving in the ministry thereof.
9你應將肋未人全交給亞郎和他的兒子,代以色列子民作亞郎的侍役; 9And thou shalt give the Levites for a gift,
10你要委任亞郎和他的兒子執行司祭的職務;俗人擅自走近,應處死刑。」 10To Aaron and to his sons, to whom they are delivered by the children of Israel. But thou shalt appoint Aaron and his sons over the service of priesthood. The stranger that approacheth to minister, shall be put to death.
11上主訓示梅瑟說: 11And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
12「看,我由以色列子民中揀選了肋未人,以代替以色列子民中一切頭胎的長子,所以肋未人應歸於我, 12I have taken the Levites from the children of Israel, for every firstborn that openeth the womb among the children of Israel, and the Levites shall be mine.
13因為凡首生的,都是我的;自我在埃及國擊殺了一切首生之日起,凡以色列首生的,無論是人或是獸,都應祝聖歸我,屬於我:我是上主。」 13For every firstborn is mine: since I struck the firstborn in the land of Egypt: I have sanctified to myself whatsoever is firstborn in Israel both of man and beast, they are mine: I am the Lord.
14上主在西乃曠野訓示梅瑟說: 14And the Lord spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai, saying:
15「你應依照肋未人的宗族和家系,統計肋未的子孫,由一月以上,所有的男性都應登記。」 15Number the sons of Levi by the houses of their fathers and their families, every male from one month and upward.
16於是梅瑟就照上主吩咐的命令,統計了他們。 16Moses numbered them as the Lord had commanded.
17肋未兒子的名字是:革爾雄、刻哈特和默辣黎。 17And there were found sons of Levi by their names, Gerson and Caath and Merari.
18按族系,革爾雄兒子的名字是:里貝尼和史米。 18The sons of Gerson: Lebni and Semei.
19按族系,刻哈特的兒子是阿默蘭和依茲哈爾,赫貝龍和烏齊耳。 19The sons of Caath: Amram, and Jesaar, Hebron and Oziel:
20按族系,默辣黎的兒子是瑪赫里和慕史:這些人按他們的家族都屬肋未族系。 20The sons of Merari: Moholi and Musi.
21里貝尼族和史米族出自革爾雄:這是革爾雄人的家族。 21Of Gerson were two families, the Lebnites, and the Semeites:
22凡一月以上登記的男性,共計七千五百。 22Of which were numbered, people of the male sex from one month and upward, seven thousand five hundred.
23革爾雄人的家族在會幕後面西方紮營; 23These shall pitch behind the tabernacle on the west,
24革爾雄人的領袖,是拉耳的兒子厄里雅撒夫。 24Under their prince Eliasaph the son of Lael.
25革爾雄的子孫在會幕內的職務,是照管帳幕、幕篷頂和會幕內的門簾, 25And their charge shall be in the tabernacle of the covenant:
26並庭院的帷幔,圍繞帳幕與祭壇的庭院的門簾,以及庭院應用的一切繩索。 26The tabernacle itself and the cover thereof, the hanging that is drawn before the doors of the tabernacle of the covenant, and the curtains of the court: the hanging also that is hanged in the entry of the court of the tabernacle, and whatsoever belongeth to the rite of the altar, the cords of the tabernacle, and all the furniture thereof.
27阿默蘭族、依茲哈爾族、赫貝龍族和烏齊耳族出自刻哈特:這是刻哈特人的家族。 27Of the kindred of Caath come the families of the Amramites and Jesaarites and Hebronites and Ozielites. These are the families of the Caathites reckoned up by their names:
28凡由一月以上登記的男性,共計八千六百;他們管理聖所。 28All of the male sex from one month and upward, eight thousand six hundred: they shall have the guard of the sanctuary,
29刻哈特子孫的家族在帳幕南邊紮營。 29And shall camp on the south side.
30刻哈特族的家族領袖,是烏齊耳的兒子厄里匝番。 30And their prince shall be Elisaphan the son of Oziel:
31他們的職務是管理約櫃、桌子、燈台、兩祭壇、聖所內應用的一切聖器、帷幔和為帷幔應盡的各種職務。 31And they shall keep the ark, and the table and the candlestick, the altars, and the vessels of the sanctuary, wherewith they minister, and the veil, and all the furniture of this kind.
32亞郎大司祭的兒子厄肋阿匝爾是肋未人的最高領袖,監督在聖所服務的人。 32And the prince of the princes of the Levites, Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, shall be over them that watch for the guard of the sanctuary.
33瑪赫里族和慕史族出自默辣黎:這是默辣黎人的家族。 33And of Merari are the families of the Moholites, and Musites, reckoned up by their names:
34凡一月以上登記的男性,共計六千二百。 34All of the male kind from one month and upward, six thousand two hundred.
35默辣黎族的家族領袖,是阿彼海耳的兒子族黎耳。他們在會幕北邊紮營。 35Their prince Suriel the son of Abihaiel: they shall camp on the north side.
36默辣黎的兒子的職務,是照管會幕的木板、橫木、柱子、卯座,一切用具,並為會幕應盡的各種職務, 36Under their custody shall be the boards of the tabernacle, and the bars, and the pillars and their sockets, and all things that pertain to this kind of service:
37還管理庭院四周的柱子及其卯座、木樁及繩索。 37And the pillars of the court round about with their sockets, and the pins with their cords.
38在會幕前面東方,即在會幕前朝日出的一面紮營的,是梅瑟和亞郎其他的兒子;他們代替以色列子民服務,管理聖所;俗人擅自走近,應處死刑。 38Before the tabernacle of the covenant, that is to say on the east side, shall Moses and Aaron camp, with their sons, having the custody of the sanctuary, in the midst of the children of Israel. What stranger soever cometh unto it, shall be put to death.
39梅瑟和亞郎照上主的命令,統計了所有的肋未人,按家族凡一月以上的男性都統計了,共計二萬二千人。 39All the Levites, that Moses and Aaron numbered according to the precept of the Lord, by their families, of the male kind from one month and upward, were twenty-two thousand.
40此後,上主又對梅瑟說:「以色列子民,凡一月以上首生的男性都要統計,登記他們的姓名; 40And the Lord said to Moses: Number the firstborn of the male sex of the children of Israel, from one month and upward, and thou shalt take the sum of them.
41應將肋未人獻於我,我是上主,以代替以色列子民中所有的長子;又將肋未人的牲畜獻於我,以代替以色列子民中一切頭胎的牲畜。」 41And thou shalt take the Levites to me for all the firstborn of the children of Israel, I am the Lord: and their cattle for all the firstborn of the cattle of the children of Israel:
42梅瑟便照上主所吩咐的,統計了以色列子民中所有的長子, 42Moses reckoned up, as the Lord had commanded, the firstborn of the children of Israel:
43凡一月以上的頭胎男兒,依名統計了,共計二萬二千二百七十三人。 43And the males by their names, from one month and upward, were twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.
44上主訓示梅瑟說: 44And the Lord spoke to Moses, saving:
45「你要以肋未人替代以色列子民中所有的長子,以肋未人的牲畜替代他們的頭胎牲畜;肋未人應屬於我:我是上主。 45Take the Levites for the firstborn of the children of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites for their cattle, and the Levites shall be mine. I am the Lord.
46至於那超過肋未人數目,而應贖回的二百七十三個以色列子民的長子, 46But for the price of the two hundred and seventy-three, of the firstborn of the children of Israel, that exceed the number of the Levites,
47為每一個,應照聖所的『協刻耳』,徵收五個『協刻耳』,──一『協刻耳』,合二十『革辣』;── 47Thou shalt take five sides for every head, according to the weight of the sanctuary. A sicle hath twenty obols.
48將這錢交給亞郎和他的兒子,作為超額人數的贖價。」 48And then shalt give the money to Aaron and his sons, the price of them that are above.
49梅瑟就為那超過肋未人數而應贖回的人,徵收了贖金。 49Moses therefore took the money of them that were above, and whom they had redeemed from the Levites,
50由以色列子民的長子所徵收的銀子,依聖所的『協刻耳』,共計一千三百六十五『協刻耳』。 50For the firstborn of the children of Israel, one thousand three hundred and sixty-five sicles, according to the weight of the sanctuary,
51梅瑟依照上主的命令,將這贖金交給了亞郎和他的兒子,全照上主吩咐梅瑟的。 51And gave it to Aaron and his sons, according to the word that the Lord had commanded him.



3:1-4
祝圣的礼仪,见出29:1-37;肋8:1-13。纳达布和阿彼胡猝死之事,见肋10:1-3。

3:5-13
古代民族中,虽然有时长子充作司祭,但在以色列子民中,长子虽具有特权,但无法证明也是司祭。依照圣经的记载:因为天主领以民出埃及之夜,击杀了埃及人的长子,而救护了以民的长子。这些长子应属於上主,所以应该赎回(出13:1-15)。长子属於天主,但天主立定了肋未的子孙,以替代长子,作自己的司祭。
















戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 4
1上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, and Aaron, saying:
2「你應依照宗族和家系,統計肋未人的刻哈特子孫, 2Take the sum of the sons of Caath from the midst of the Levites, by their houses and families.
3由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務的都要登記。 3From thirty years old and upward, to fifty years old, of all that go in to stand and to minister in the tabernacle of the covenant.
4刻哈特子孫在會幕內的任務,是管理至聖之物。 4This is the service of the sons of Caath:
5起營出發時,亞郎和他的兒子應來卸下帳幔,用來包裡約櫃, 5When the camp is to set forward, Aaron and his sons shall go into the tabernacle of the covenant, and the holy of holies, and shall take down the veil that hangeth before the door, and shall wrap up the ark of the testimony in it,
6上面蒙上海豚皮蓋,其上再舖上純紫布,然後安上杠桿。 6And shall cover it again with a cover of violet skins, and shall spread over it a cloth all of violet, and shall put in the bars.
7在供餅桌上,應舖上紫布,擺上盤、匙、杯和奠酒的爵;常供餅應仍在桌上。 7They shall wrap up also the table of proposition in a cloth of violet, and shall put with it the censers and little mortars, the cups and bowls to pour out the libations: the leaves shall be always on it:
8以後,在這些物件上,蓋上朱紅布,再蒙上海豚皮罩,然後安上杠桿。 8And they shall spread over it a cloth of scarlet, which again they shall cover with a covering of violet skins, and shall put in the bars.
9此後,拿一塊紫布,包好燈台和燈盞、剪子、碟子,以及為燈台用的一切油具; 9They shall take also a cloth of violet wherewith they shall cover the candlestick with the lamps and tongs thereof and the snuffers and all the oil vessels, which are necessary for the dressing of the lamps:
10將燈台和所有的用具,裝入海豚皮袋內,放在擔架上。 10And over all they shall put a cover of violet skins and put in the bars.
11在金祭壇上舖上紫布,再用海豚皮包好,然後安上杠桿。 11And they shall wrap up the golden altar also in a cloth of violet, and shall spread over it a cover of violet skins, and put in the bars.
12再把聖所內使用的一切用具都拿來,放在紫布袋內,再蒙上海豚皮罩,放在擔架上。 12All the vessels wherewith they minister in the sanctuary, they shall wrap up in a cloth of violet, and shall spread over it a cover of violet skins, and put in the bars.
13把祭壇上的灰清除,舖上紫紅布, 13They shall cleanse the altar also from the ashes, and shall wrap it up in a purple cloth,
14上面放上一切用具:火盆、肉叉、鏟子、盤子以及祭壇上的一切用具;其上再蒙上海豚皮罩,然後安上杠桿。 14And shall put it with all the vessels that they use in the ministry thereof, that is to say, firepans, fleshhooks and forks, pothooks and shovels. They shall cover all the vessels of the altar together with a covering of violet skins, and shall put in the bars.
15亞郎和他的兒子包裝完了聖物和聖所的一切用具,起營出發時,刻哈特的子孫纔來抬,免得他們觸摸聖物而死亡:這是刻哈特的子孫對會幕的職務。 15And when Aaron and his sons have wrapped up the sanctuary and the vessels thereof at the removing of the camp, then shall the sons of Caath enter in to carry the things wrapped up: and they shall not touch the vessels of the sanctuary, lest they die. These are the burdens of the sons of Caath: in the tabernacle of the covenant:
16至於亞郎大司祭的兒子厄肋阿匝爾的任務,是管理燈油、香料、日獻的素祭和為傅禮用的油,並照管全會幕與其中所有的聖物和器具。」 16And over them shall be Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, to whose charge pertaineth the oil to dress the lamps, and the sweet incense, and the sacrifice, that is always offered, and the oil of unction, and whatsoever pertaineth to the service of the tabernacle, and of all the vessels that are in the sanctuary.
17上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 17And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
18「不要使刻哈特族的一支由肋未人中消滅; 18Destroy not the people of Caath from the midst of the Levites:
19為使他們接近至聖之物時,生存而不死亡,你們對他們應這樣做:亞郎和他的兒子先來,給他們每人指定各人服役和搬運的工作, 19But do this to them, that they may live, and not die, by touching the holies of holies. Aaron and his sons shall go in, and they shall appoint every man his work, and shall divide the burdens that every man is to carry.
20免得這些人進去一時見到聖物而遭遇死亡。」 20Let not others by any curiosity see the things that are in the sanctuary before they be wrapped up, otherwise they shall die.
21上主訓示梅瑟說: 21And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
22「你要依照家系和宗族統計革爾雄的子孫, 22Take the sum of the soils of Gerson also by their houses and families and kindreds.
23由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務的,都要登記。 23From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old. Number them all that go in and minister in the tabernacle of the covenant.
24革爾雄家族的任務是服役和搬運: 24This is the office of the family of the Gersonites:
25搬運帳幕的帷幔、會幕和其頂蓬,及在上面蓋的海豚皮和會幕的門簾, 25To carry the curtains of the tabernacle and the roof of the covenant, the other covering, and the violet covering over all, and the hanging that hangeth in the entry of the tabernacle of the covenant,
26庭院的帷幔,圍繞會幕和祭壇庭院的門簾、繩索以及一切為服役用的器具;凡交與他們應作的一切,他們都應執行。 26The curtains of the court, and the veil in the entry that is before the tabernacle. All things that pertain to the altar, the cords and the vessels of the ministry,
27革爾雄人所有的任務,不論是搬運或是服役,應全遵照亞郎和他兒子的吩咐;所以你們應照顧他們搬運一切: 27The sons of Gerson shall carry, by the commandment of Aaron and his sons: and each man shall know to what burden he must be assigned.
28這是革爾雄人的家族對會幕的任務;他們應在大司祭亞郎的兒子依塔瑪爾指揮下服役。 28This is the service of the family of the Gersonites in the tabernacle of the covenant, and they shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.
29對默辣黎的子孫,你要依照宗族和家系統計他們; 29Thou shalt reckon up the sons of Merari also by the families and houses of their fathers,
30由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務的,都要登記。 30From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to the office of their ministry, and to the service of the covenant of the testimony.
31依照他們在會幕內所擔任的職務,應搬運的是:帳幕的木板、橫木、柱子和卯座, 31These are their burdens: They shall carry the boards of the tabernacle and the bars thereof, the pillars and their sockets,
32庭院四週的柱子、卯座、橛子和繩索,一切用具及服務所需的一切。你們應按名一一指定他們應搬運的物件: 32The pillars also of the court round about, with their sockets and pins and cords. They shall receive by account all the vessels and furniture, and so shall carry them.
33這是默辣黎人的家族,在司祭亞郎的兒子依塔瑪爾指揮下,對會幕應盡的各種職務。」 33This is the office of the family of the Merarites, and their ministry in the tabernacle of the covenant: and they shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.
34梅瑟和亞郎及會眾的首領,依照宗族和家系統計了刻哈特的子孫, 34So Moses and Aaron and the princes of the synagogue reckoned up the sons of Caath, by their kindreds and the houses of their fathers,
35由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務, 35From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to the ministry of the tabernacle of the covenant:
36依照宗族登記的,共二千七百五十人: 36And they were found two thousand seven hundred and fifty.
37這是刻哈特人的家族,所有在會幕內服務登記的人數,是梅瑟和亞郎依照上主給梅瑟的命令所統計的。 37This is the number of the people of Caath that go in to the tabernacle of the covenant: these did Moses and Aaron number according to the word of the Lord by the hand of Moses.
38革爾雄的子孫,依照宗族和家系登了記, 38The sons of Gerson also were numbered by the kindreds and houses of their fathers,
39由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務, 39From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to minister in the tabernacle of the covenant:
40依照宗族和家系登記的,共二千六百三十人: 40And they were found two thousand six hundred and thirty.
41這是革爾雄子孫的家族所有在會幕內服務的登記人數,是梅瑟和亞郎依上主的命令所統計的。 41This is the people of the Gersonites, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the Lord.
42默辣黎子孫的家族,依照宗族和家系都登了記, 42The sons of Merari also were numbered by the kindreds and houses of their fathers,
43由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務, 43From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to fulfill the rites of the tabernacle of the covenant:
44依照宗族登記的,共三千二百人: 44And they were found three thousand two hundred.
45這是默辣黎子孫家族登記的人數,是梅瑟和亞郎依照上主給梅瑟的命令所統計的。 45This is the number of the sons of Merari, whom Moses and Aaron reckoned up according to the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses.
46梅瑟和亞郎並以色列的首領,依照宗族和家系,統計的肋未人的總數, 46All that were reckoned up of the Levites, and whom Moses and Aaron and the princes of Israel took by name, by the kindreds and houses of their fathers,
47由三十歲以上到五十歲,凡應入伍到會幕服務管理搬運的, 47From thirty years old and upward, until fifty years old, that go into the ministry of the tabernacle, and to carry the burdens,
48共計八千五百八十人。 48Were in all eight thousand five hundred and eighty.
49依照上主藉梅瑟所發的命令,給他們每人指定了各人應盡的職務和應搬運的工作;依照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的,他們都這樣登記了。 49Moses reckoned them up according to the word of the Lord, every one according to their office and burdens, as the Lord had commanded him.



4:1-49
搬运重物需要力壮的人,所以年限定为叁十岁以上至五十岁为止。不过按8:24,肋未人到二十五岁即应入会幕服役,等到叁十岁时,就应遵守本章内所记述的规则。
戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 5
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你命以色列子民把患任何癩病、任何淋病及所有為死屍沾染不潔的人送出營外, 2Command the children of Israel, that they cast out of the camp every leper, and whosoever hath an issue of seed, or is defiled by the dead:
3不論男女,都應送到營外去,免得我住在他們中的營幕沾染不潔。」 3Whether it be man or woman, cast ye them out of the camp, lest they defile it when I shall dwell with you.
4以色列子民就如此做了,將他們送到營外;上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟,以色列子民就怎樣做了。 4And the children of Israel did so, and they cast them forth without the camp, as the Lord had spoken to Moses.
5上主訓示梅瑟說: 5And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
6「你訓令以色列子民:不論男女,對近人作了什麼不義的事,因此得罪上主而自覺有罪, 6Say to the children of Israel: When a man or woman shall have committed any of all the sins that men are wont to commit, and by negligence shall have transgressed the commandment of the Lord, and offended,
7他該承認自己所作的不義,除賠償全部損失外,還應另加五分之一給他所害的人。 7They shall confess their sin, and restore the principal itself, and the fifth part over and above, to him against whom they have sinned.
8若此人沒有近親可向他賠償,這賠償就歸上主,屬於司祭。此外尚應獻一贖罪的公綿羊,為自己贖罪。 8But if there be no one to receive it, they shall give it to the Lord, and it shall be the priest's, besides the ram that is offered for expiation, to be an atoning sacrifice.
9以色列子民在奉獻的各種聖物中,凡是給司祭的獻儀,即歸於司祭。 9All the firstfruits also, which the children of Israel offer, belong to the priest:
10每人所奉獻的聖物,應歸自己;但人給與司祭的,應歸於司祭。」 10And whatsoever is offered into the sanctuary by every one, and is delivered into the hands of the priest, it shall be his.
11上主訓示梅瑟說: 11And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
12「你告訴以色列子民說:若某人的妻子背離丈夫, 12Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: The man whose wife shall have gone astray, and contemning her husband,
13對他不忠,瞞著丈夫讓人與她同睡交媾,在暗中玷污了自己,又沒有見證,也沒有被捉住; 13Shall have slept with another man, and her husband cannot discover it, but the adultery is secret, and cannot be proved by witnesses, because she was not found in the adultery:
14若丈夫心生疑忌,疑忌他的妻子受了玷污;或者心生疑忌,疑忌他的妻子,但她實在沒有受玷污; 14If the spirit of jealousy stir up the husband against his wife, who either is defiled, or is charged with false suspicion,
15丈夫就應帶他的妻子到司祭前,為她獻祭,獻十分之一『厄法』的大麥粉,其上不可倒油,也不可加乳香,因為這是因疑忌所獻的素祭,是一回憶罪過的素祭。 15He shall bring her to the priest, and shall offer an oblation for her, the tenth part of a measure of barley meal: he shall not pour oil thereon, nor put frankincense upon it: because it is a sacrifice of jealousy, and an oblation searching out adultery.
16司祭令她前來,站在上主面前; 16The priest therefore shall offer it, and set it before the Lord.
17然後用陶器取些聖水,再由會幕地上取些塵土,放入水內。 17And he shall take holy water in an earthen vessel, and he shall cast a little earth of the pavement of the tabernacle into it.
18司祭叫這女人站在上主面前,鬆開她的頭髮,將回憶的素祭品,即為疑忌所獻的素祭品,放在她的掌上,司祭手內拿著給人招致咒罵的苦水, 18And when the woman shall stand before the Lord, he shall uncover her head, and shall, put on her hands the sacrifice of remembrance, and the oblation of jealousy: and he himself shall hold the most bitter waters, whereon he hath heaped curses with execration.
19然後司祭命那女人起誓,對她說:「若沒有人與你同睡,若你沒有背離丈夫受玷污,願這招致咒罵的苦水於你無害。 19And he shall adjure her, and shall say: If another man hath not slept with thee, and if thou be not defiled by forsaking thy husband's bed, these most bitter waters, on which I have heaped curses, shall not hurt thee.
20但是,如果你背離了丈夫受了玷污,讓丈夫以外的男人與你同睡,── 20But if thou hast gone aside from thy husband, and art defiled, and hast lain with another man:
21在此司祭叫那女人以詛咒的誓辭起誓,然後對她說:──願上主使你在你民族中成為可咒罵和詛咒的人,使你大腿萎縮,使你肚腹腫脹! 21These curses shall light upon thee: The Lord make thee a curse, and an example for all among his people: may he make thy thigh to rot, and may thy belly swell and burst asunder.
22願這招致咒罵的水進入你的五臟,使你肚腹腫脹,使你大腿萎縮!」女人答說:「阿們、阿們。」 22Let the cursed waters enter into thy belly, and may thy womb swell and thy thigh rot. And the woman shall answer, Amen, amen.
23隨後司祭將這些咒文寫在紙上,用苦水洗去, 23And the priest shall write these curses in a book, and shall wash them out with the most bitter waters, upon which he hath heaped the curses,
24令女人喝這招致咒罵的苦水。這招致咒罵的水一進入她內,就給她帶來苦楚。 24And he shall give them her to drink. And when she hath drunk them up,
25司祭再由這女人的手內,接過為疑忌所獻的素祭祭品,在上主面前行過搖禮後,放在祭壇上; 25The priest shall take from her hand the sacrifice of jealousy, and shall elevate it before the Lord, and shall put it upon the altar: yet so as first,
26再由這素祭祭品內取出一把來作為紀念,放在祭壇上焚燒;以後,纔令女人喝這水。 26To take a handful of the sacrifice of that which is offered, and burn it upon the altar: and so give the most bitter waters to the woman to drink.
27司祭命她喝水以後,事必靈驗:如果她受了玷污,對丈夫不忠,這招致咒罵的水一進入她內,就給她帶來苦楚;她的肚腹必腫脹,大腿必萎縮;這女人在她的民族中,必成為可咒罵的人。 27And when she hath drunk them, if she be defiled, and having despised her husband be guilty of adultery, the malediction shall go through her, and her belly swelling, her thigh shall rot: and the woman shall be a curse, and an example to all the people.
28但是,如果這女人沒有受玷污,而是貞潔的,就不致受害,反要生育子女。 28But if she be not defiled, she shall not be hurt, and shall bear children.
29這是關於疑忌事的法律:幾時一個婦人,背離丈夫,受了玷污; 29This is the law of jealousy. If a woman hath gone aside from her husband, and be defiled,
30或是一個男人心生疑忌,疑忌自己的妻子,他應帶妻子站在上主面前,司祭應對她執行這法律所規定的一切。 30And the husband stirred up by the spirit of jealousy bring her before the Lord, and the priest do to her according to all things that are here written:
31如此,男人可免無罪,女人應自負罪債。」 31The husband shall be blameless, and she shall bear her iniquity.



5:1-4
关於癞病,见肋13,14;淋病见肋15;触摸 体,见6:6; 9:11;肋11:24-25; 21:1-6。

5:5-10
关於赔偿损失,见肋5:14-6:7。

5:11-31
试验疑奸的妇女法相当古老,哈慕辣彼法典和亚述旧法皆有。这条法律依据两项原则:(一)祈求天主或神明显露真情;(二)丈夫藉此更易保护妻子的贞洁。


戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 6
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴以色列子民說:無論男女,若許了一個特願,即「納齊爾」願,獻身於上主, 2Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: When a man, or woman, shall make a vow to be sanctified, and will consecrate themselves to the Lord:
3他該戒飲清酒和烈酒,不可喝清酒和烈酒製的醋,不可喝任何葡萄汁,也不可吃新鮮或乾葡萄。 3They shall abstain from wine, and from every thing that may make a man drunk. They shall not drink vinegar of wine, or of any other drink, nor any thing that is pressed out of the grape: nor shall they eat grapes either fresh or dried.
4在整個獻身期內,凡葡萄樹所結的,甚至葡萄仁和皮,都不可吃。 4All the days that they are consecrated to the Lord by vow: they shall eat nothing that cometh of the vineyard, from the raisin even to the kernel.
5在他整個守獻身願的時期內,不可剃頭;他幾時未滿獻身的願,是祝聖於上主的,應讓頭髮自由生長。 5All the time of his separation no razor shall pass over his head, until the day be fulfilled of his consecration to the Lord. He shall be holy, and shall let the hair of his head grow.
6在他獻身於上主的整個時期內,凡有死人的地方,不可走進。 6All the time of his consecration he shall not go in to any dead,
7連父親母親或兄弟姊妹死時,也不可讓自己沾染不潔,因為在他頭上有奉獻於天主的記號。 7Neither shall he make himself unclean, even for his father, or for his mother, or for his brother, or for his sister, when they die, because the consecration of his God is upon his head.
8在他整個獻身期內,他是祝聖於上主的。 8All the days of his separation he shall be holy to the Lord.
9若有人忽然在他身旁猝死,那獻身者的願就沾染了不潔,在他取潔的那一天,應剃頭,即在第七天他應剃頭。 9But if any man die suddenly before him: the head of his consecration shall be defiled: and he shall shave it forthwith on the same day of his purification, and again on the seventh day.
10到第八天,他應帶兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿,在會幕門口交給司祭。 10And on the eighth day he shall bring two turtles, or two young pigeons to the priest in the entry of the covenant of the testimony.
11司祭取一隻獻作贖罪祭,另一隻獻作全燔祭,為他因染死屍的不潔贖罪。他在當天應祝聖自己的頭, 11And the priest shall offer one for sin, and the other for a holocaust, and shall pray for him, for that he hath sinned by the dead: and he shall sanctify his head that day:
12重新將獻身的日子奉獻於上主,且應獻一隻一歲羔羊作贖過祭;以前的日子無效,因為獻身者的頭沾染了不潔。 12And shall consecrate to the Lord the days of his separation, offering a lamb of one year for sin: yet so that the former days be made void, because his sanctification was profaned.
13關於「納齊爾」人的法律如下:在他獻身願期滿的那一天,應引他到會幕門口, 13This is the law of consecration. When the days which he had determined by vow shall be expired, he shall bring him to the door of the tabernacle of the covenant,
14他應獻給上主的祭品是:一隻無殘疾的一歲公羔羊作全燔祭,一隻無殘疾的母羔羊作贖罪祭,一隻無殘疾的公綿羊作和平祭, 14And shall offer his oblation to the Lord: one he lamb of a year old without blemish for a holocaust, and one awe lamb of a year old without blemish for a sin offering, and one ram without blemish for a victim of peace offering,
15一籃用細麵調油做的無酵餅,抹上油的無酵薄餅,以及同獻的素祭及奠祭。 15A basket also of unleavened bread, tempered with oil, and wafers without leaven anointed with oil, and the libations of each:
16司祭在上主面前獻上這些祭品後,就為他舉行贖罪祭和全燔祭; 16And the priest shall present them before the Lord, and shall offer both the sin offering and the holocaust.
17將公綿羊同一籃無酵餅獻給上主作和平祭;然後舉行素祭和奠祭。 17But the ram he shall immolate for a sacrifice of peace offering to the Lord, offering at the same time the basket of unleavened bread, and the libations that are due by custom.
18獻身者在會幕門口剃去自己祝聖的頭髮,把祝聖的頭髮,放在和平祭品的火上焚燒。 18Then shall the hair of the consecration of the Nazarite, be shaved off before the door of the tabernacle of the covenant: and he shall take his hair, and lay it upon the fire, which is under the sacrifice of the peace offerings.
19他剃去祝聖的頭髮以後,司祭取出煮過的公綿羊肩部,與籃中的一塊無酵餅和一塊無酵的薄餅,放在獻身者手上。 19And shall take the boiled shoulder of the ram, and one unleavened cake out of the basket, and one unleavened wafer, and he shall deliver them into the hands of the Nazarite, after his head is shaven.
20司祭將這些祭品在上主前,行奉獻的搖禮,除搖過的胸脯和舉過的腿外,這些亦應是屬於司祭的聖物。此後,獻身者方可飲酒: 20And receiving them again from him, he shall elevate them in the sight of the Lord: and they being sanctified shall belong to the priest, as the breast, which was commanded to be separated, and the shoulder. After this the Nazarite may drink wine.
21這是關於許獻身願者的法律,獻身者應奉獻於上主的祭品;如果獻身者照自己的財力許願多獻,就應照所許的願,在獻身願所規定的以外,多作奉獻。」 21This is the law of the Nazarite, when he hath vowed his oblation to the Lord in the time of his consecration, besides those things which his hand shall find, according to that which he had vowed in his mind, so shall he do for the fulfilling of his sanctification.
22上主訓示梅瑟說: 22And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
23「你告訴亞郎和他的兒子說:你們應這樣祝福以色列子民說: 23Say to Aaron and his sons: Thus shall you bless the children of Israel, and you shall say to them:
24『願上主祝福你,保護你; 24The Lord bless thee, and keep thee.
25願上主的慈顏光照你,仁慈待你。 25The Lord shew his face to thee, and have mercy on thee.
26願上主轉面垂顧你,賜你平安。』 26The Lord turn his countenance to thee, and give thee peace.
27這樣,他們將以色列子民歸我名下,我必祝福他們。」 27And they shall invoke my name upon the children of Israel, and I will bless them.



6:1-21
「纳齐尔」即献身於天主的人,在守愿时应不理发、不喝酒、不近死 :一、表示「纳齐尔」人应让天主的能力全施展在他身上(创49:26;申33:16);二、表示他应谢绝安逸的生活(耶35:5-8);叁、表示他特别属於天主,如司祭一样,见肋21:1-2;10-11;亚2:11-12。关於献身者,参阅民13:5-7,14; 16:17;撒上1:11;路1:15;宗18:18; 21:23-26。

6:22-27
这段祝福经文分为叁级,一级比一级高超。司祭祝福选民,是为蒙受天主最大的恩惠,即超性而永远的恩惠。见肋9:22-23。


戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 7
1梅瑟豎立起會幕那天,就傅油祝聖了帳幕和其中的一切器具、祭壇和附屬的用具。他傅油祝聖以後, 1And it came to pass in the day that Moses had finished the tabernacle, and set it up, and had anointed and sanctified it with all its vessels, the altar likewise and all the vessels thereof,
2以色列的領袖,各家族首領,即協助登記的各支派的領袖,前來奉獻, 2The princes of Israel and the heads of the families, in every tribe, who were the rulers of them who had been numbered, offered
3將他們的供物獻於上主面前:篷車六輛,公牛十二頭:每兩位領袖一輛車,每位領袖一頭牛。他們把這些送到會幕前時, 3Their gifts before the Lord, six wagons covered, and twelve oxen. Two princes offered one wagon, and each one an ox, and they offered them before the tabernacle.
4上主訓示梅瑟說: 4And the Lord said to Moses:
5「你把這些收下,為會幕的事務使用,按照肋未人的職務,分給他們。」 5Receive them from them to serve in the ministry of the tabernacle, and thou shalt deliver them to the Levites according to the order of their ministry.
6梅瑟就收下車輛和牛,交給了肋未人。 6Moses therefore receiving the wagons and the oxen, delivered them to the Levites.
7按革爾雄子孫的職務,分給了他們兩輛車及四頭牛; 7Two wagons and four oxen he gave to the sons of Gerson, according to their necessity.
8按默辣黎子孫的職務,分給了他們四輛車及八頭牛,他們都在司祭亞郎的兒子依塔瑪爾指揮下服務。 8The other four wagons, and eight oxen he gave to the sons of Merari, according to their offices and service, under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.
9但沒有分給刻哈特子孫,因為他們應用肩抬所照管的聖物。 9But to the sons of Caath he gave no wagons or oxen: because they serve in the sanctuary and carry their burdens upon their own shoulders.
10在傅油祝聖祭壇時,眾領袖也為祝聖祭壇奉獻了供物。當眾領袖把他們的供物送到祭壇面前時, 10And the princes offered for the dedication of the altar on the day when it was anointed, their oblation before the altar.
11上主對梅瑟說:「每天應有一位領袖,奉獻自己的供物,為祝聖祭壇。」 11And the Lord said to Moses: Let each of the princes one day after another offer their gifts for the dedication of the altar.
12第一日奉獻自己供物的,是猶大支派阿米納達布的兒子納赫雄。 12The first day Nahasson the son of Aminadab of the tribe of Juda offered his offering:
13他的供物是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 13And his offering was a silver dish weighing one hundred and thirty sicles, a silver bowl of seventy sicles according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
14一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 14A little mortar of ten sides of gold full of incense:
15公年犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 15An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
16公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 16And a buck goat for sin:
17又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是阿米納達布的兒子納赫雄的供物。 17And for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Nahasson the son of Aminadab.
18第二日奉獻供物的,是依撒加爾的領袖,族阿爾的兒子乃塔乃耳。 18The second day Nathanael the son of Suar, prince of the tribe of Issachar, made his offering,
19他奉獻的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 19A silver dish weighing one hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides, according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
20一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 20A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
21公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 21An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
22公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭: 22And a buck goat for sin:
23又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是族阿爾的兒子乃塔乃耳的供物。 23And for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Nathanael the son of Suar.
24第三日是則步隆子孫的領袖,赫隆的兒子厄里雅布。 24The third day the prince of the sons of Zabulon, Eliab the son of Helon,
25他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 25Offered a silver dish weighing one hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides by the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
26一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 26A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
27公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 27An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
28公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 28And a buck goat for sin:
29又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是赫隆的兒子厄里雅布的供物。 29And for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This is the oblation of Eliab the son of Helon.
30第四日是勒烏本子孫的領袖,舍德烏爾的兒子厄里族爾。 30The fourth day the prince of the sons of Ruben, Elisur the son of Sedeur,
31他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 31Offered a silver dish weighing one hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
32一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 32A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
33公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 33An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old, for a holocaust:
34公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 34And a buck goat for sin:
35又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是舍德烏爾的兒子厄里族爾的供物。 35And for victims of peace offerings two oxen, five rams, five buck goats. five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Elisur the son of Sedeur.
36第五日是西默盎子孫的領袖,族黎沙待的兒子舍路米耳。 36The fifth day the prince of the sons of Simeon, Salamiel the son of Surisaddai,
37他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 37Offered a silver dish weighing one hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides after the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
38一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 38A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
39公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 39An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
40公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 40And a buck goat for sin:
41又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是族黎沙待的兒子協路米耳的供物。 41And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Salamiel the son of Surisaddai.
42第六日是加得子孫的領袖,勒烏耳的兒子厄里雅撒夫。 42The sixth day the prince of the sons of Gad, Eliasaph the son of Duel,
43他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 43Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides by the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
44一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 44A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
45公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 45An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
46公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 46And a buck goat for sin:
47又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,作和平祭:以上是勒烏耳兒子厄里雅撒夫的供物。 47And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Eliasaph the son of Duel.
48第七日是厄弗辣因子孫的領袖,阿米胡得的兒子厄里沙瑪。 48The seventh day the prince of the sons of Ephraim, Elisama the son Ammiud,
49他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 49Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of hour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
50一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 50A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
51公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 51An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
52公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 52And a buck goat for sin:
53又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是阿米胡得的兒子厄里沙瑪的供物。 53And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Elisama the son of Ammiud.
54第八日是默納協子孫的領袖,培達族爾的兒子加默里耳。 54The eighth day the prince of the sons of Manasses, Gamaliel the son of Phadassur,
55他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 55Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sicles, a silver bowl of seventy sicles, according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
56一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 56A little mortar of gold weighing ten sicles full of incense:
57公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 57An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
58公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 58And a buck goat for sin:
59又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是培達族爾的兒子加默里耳的供物。 59And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Gamaliel the son of Phadassur.
60第九日是本雅明子孫的領袖,基德敖尼的兒子阿彼丹。 60The ninth day the prince of the sons of Benjamin, Abidan the son of Gedeon,
61他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 61Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides by the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
62一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 62A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
63公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 63An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a, holocaust:
64公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 64And a buck goat for sin:
65又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是基德敖尼的兒子阿彼丹的供物。 65And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Abidan the son of Gedeon.
66第十日是丹子孫的領袖,阿米沙待的兒子阿希厄則爾。 66The tenth day the prince of the sons of Dan, Ahiezer the son of Ammisaddai,
67他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 67Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides, according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
68一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂: 68A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
69公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 69An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
70公山羊一隻,作贖罪祭; 70And a buck goat for sin:
71又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是阿米沙待的兒子阿希厄則爾的供物。 71And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Ahiezer the son of Ammisaddai.
72第十一日是阿協爾子孫的領袖,敖革蘭的兒子帕革厄耳。 72The eleventh day the prince of the sons of Aser, Phegiel the son of Ochran,
73他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 73Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides, according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
74一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金孟; 74A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
75公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 75An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
76公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 76And a buck goat for sin:
77又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是敖革蘭的兒子帕革厄耳的供物。 77And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Phegiel the son of Ochran.
78第十二日是納斐塔里子孫的領袖,厄南的兒子阿希辣。 78The twelfth day the prince of the sons of Nephtali, Ahira the son of Enan,
79他的供物,是一個重一百三十『協刻耳』的銀盤,一個依聖所的衡量,重七十『協刻耳』的銀盆,兩件內都盛滿油調的細麵,為作素祭; 79Offered a silver dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides, a silver bowl of seventy sides, according to the weight of the sanctuary, both full of flour tempered with oil for a sacrifice:
80一個重十『協刻耳』盛滿香料的金盂; 80A little mortar of gold weighing ten sides full of incense:
81公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲的公羔羊一隻,為作全燔祭; 81An ox of the herd, and a ram, and a lamb of a year old for a holocaust:
82公山羊一隻,為作贖罪祭; 82And a buck goat for sin:
83又公牛二頭,公綿羊五隻,公山羊五隻,一歲的公羔羊五隻,為作和平祭:以上是厄南的兒子阿希辣的供物。 83And for sacrifices of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five buck goats, five lambs of a year old. This was the offering of Ahira the son of Enan.
84以上是傅油祝聖祭壇時,以色列領袖們為祝聖祭壇所奉獻的供物,計有銀盤十二個,銀盆十二個,金盂十二個; 84These were the offerings made by the princes of Israel in the dedication of the altar, in the day wherein it was consecrated. Twelve dishes of silver: twelve silver bowls: twelve little mortars of gold:
85銀盤每個重一百三十『協刻耳』,銀盆每個重七十,器皿的銀子依聖所的衡量,共重二千四百『協刻耳』; 85Each dish weighing a hundred and thirty sides of silver, and each bowl seventy sides: that is, putting all the vessels of silver together, two thousand four hundred sides, by the weight of the sanctuary.
86盛滿香料的金盂十二個,依聖所衡量,每個盂重十『協刻耳』,這些盂的金子,共重一百二十『協刻耳』; 86Twelve little mortars of gold full of incense, weighing ten sides apiece, by the weight of the sanctuary: that is, in all a hundred and twenty sides of gold.
87為作全燔祭的一切牲畜,計有公牛犢十二頭,公綿羊十二隻,一歲的公羔羊十二隻,還有同獻的素祭;此外尚有公山羊十二隻,為作贖罪祭; 87Twelve oxen out of the herd for a holocaust, twelve rams, twelve lambs of a year old, and their libations: twelve buck goats for sin.
88為作和平祭的一切牲畜,計有公牛犢二十四頭,公綿羊六十隻,公山羊六十隻,一歲的公羔羊六十隻:以上是在傅油祝聖祭壇後,為祝聖祭壇所獻的供物。 88And for sacrifices of peace offerings, oxen twenty-four, rams sixty, buck goats sixty, lambs of a year old sixty. These things were offered in the dedication of the altar, when it was anointed.
89當梅瑟進入會幕為同上主說話時,他聽見從約櫃的贖罪蓋上,兩革魯賓間,有與他說話的聲音:是上主在與他說話。 89And when Moses entered into the tabernacle of the covenant, to consult the oracle, he heard the voice of one speaking to him from the propitiatory, that was over the ark between the two cherubims, and from this place he spoke to him.



7:2-9
刻哈特人应以肩抬约柜和其他的至圣之物(3:31; 4:15),因而未分给他们车与牛。十二支派是按2章的次序排列的,即按他们在会幕四周安营的次序。


戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 8
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你告訴亞郎說:你安放燈盞時,要使七盞燈光,光照燈台的前面。」 2Speak to Aaron, and thou shalt say to him: When thou shalt place the seven lamps, let the candlestick be set up on the south side. Give orders therefore that the lamps look over against the north, towards the table of the leaves of proposition, over against that part shall they give light, towards which the candlestick looketh.
3亞郎就照樣做了:安放了燈盞,使燈光照耀燈台的前面,如上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 3And Aaron did so, and he put the lamps upon the candlestick, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
4這燈台是用金子打成的,從座到花朵都是打成的;梅瑟是照上主指示的式樣,製造了燈台。 4Now this was the work of the candlestick, it was of beaten gold, both the shaft in the middle, and all that came out of both sides of the branches: according to the pattern which the Lord had shewn to Moses, so he made the candlestick.
5上主訓示梅瑟說: 5And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
6「你由以色列子民中選出肋未人,並要潔淨他們。 6Take the Levites out of the midst of the children of Israel, and thou shalt purify them,
7為潔淨他們,你應這樣做:將取潔水灑在他們身上,命他們用刀剃全身,然後洗自己的衣服,使自己潔淨。 7According to this rite: Let them be sprinkled with the water of purification, and let them shave all the hairs of their flesh. And when they shall have washed their garments, and are cleansed,
8以後,他們應帶一隻公牛犢和同獻的素祭,即油調的細麵;你應另帶一頭公牛犢,為作贖罪祭; 8They shall take an ox of the herd, and for the offering thereof fine flour tempered with oil: and thou shalt take another ox of the herd for a sin offering:
9領肋未人到會幕前,並召集以色列子民全會眾。 9And thou shalt bring the Levites before the tabernacle of the covenant, calling together all the multitude of the children of Israel:
10領肋未人到上主面前以後,以色列子民將自己的手放在肋未人身上, 10And when the Levites are before the Lord, the children of Israel shall put their hands upon them:
11亞郎就以搖禮把肋未人獻於上主面前,當作以色列子民的獻儀:這樣,他們纔可以行服事上主的事。 11And Aaron shall offer the Levites, as a gift in the sight of the Lord from the children of Israel, that they may serve in his ministry.
12以後肋未人應按手在兩頭公牛犢頭上:一隻你要獻給上主作贖罪祭,一隻作全燔祭,為肋未人贖罪。 12The Levites also shall put their hands upon the heads of the oxen, of which thou shalt sacrifice one for sin, and the other for a holocaust to the Lord, to pray for them.
13你應使肋未人站在亞郎和他的兒子們面前,以搖禮把他們獻給上主。 13And thou shalt set the Levites in the sight of Aaron and of his sons, and shalt consecrate them being offered to the Lord,
14為此,你要由以色列子民中分出肋未人來,使他們屬於我。 14And shalt separate them from the midst of the children of Israel, to be mine.
15此後,肋未人纔可進入會幕服務。為此你應潔淨他們,以搖禮奉獻他們, 15And afterwards they shall enter into the tabernacle of the covenant, to serve me. And thus shalt thou purify and consecrate them for an oblation of the Lord: for as a gift they were given me by the children of Israel.
16因為他們是以色列子民中完全獻與我的人;我使他們歸於我。以代替以色列子民中一切開胎的首生, 16I have taken them instead of the firstborn that open every womb in Israel,
17因為以色列子民中的一切首生,不拘是人是獸,都屬於我;自從我在埃及地擊殺了一切首生的那一日起,我就將他們祝聖歸屬於我。 17For all the firstborn of the children of Israel, both of men and of beasts, are mine. From the day that I slew every firstborn in the land of Egypt, have I sanctified them to myself:
18我取了肋未人,替代以色列子民中的一切首生; 18And I have taken the Levites for all the firstborn of the children of Israel:
19我由以色列子民中委派了肋未人,作亞郎和他兒子們的屬下,為替代以色列子民在會幕內服務,為以色列子民贖罪,免得以色列子民因接近聖所而遭受災禍。」 19And have delivered them for a gift to Aaron and his sons out of the midst of the people, to serve me for Israel in the tabernacle of the covenant, and to pray for them, lest there should be a plague among the people, if they should presume to approach unto my sanctuary.
20梅瑟、亞郎以及以色列子民全會眾,對肋未人就如此做了;上主關於肋未人怎樣吩咐了梅瑟,以色列子民就對他們怎樣做了。 20And Moses and Aaron and all the multitude of the children of Israel did with the Levites all that the Lord had commanded Moses:
21肋未人潔淨了自己,洗了自己的衣服,亞郎遂以搖禮把他們獻在上主面前,亞郎並為他們贖了罪,使他們潔淨。 21And they were purified, and washed their garments. And Aaron lifted them up in the sight of the Lord, and prayed for them,
22此後,肋未人纔進入會幕內,在亞郎和他的兒子們面前執行自己的職務。上主關於肋未人怎樣吩咐了,梅瑟就對他們怎樣做了。 22That being purified they might go into the tabernacle of the covenant to do their services before Aaron and his sons. As the Lord had commanded Moses touching the Levites, so was it done.
23上主訓示梅瑟說: 23And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
24「這是關於肋未人的法令:由二十五歲以上,應來服役,在會幕內工作; 24This is the law of the Levites: From twenty-five years old and upwards, they shall go in to minister in the tabernacle of the covenant.
25到了五十歲就退休,不再服役; 25And when they shall have accomplished the fiftieth year of their age, they shall cease to serve:
26以後在會幕內輔助自己的兄弟照管該遵守的事,自己卻不必服勞役。關於肋未人的職務,你應這樣安排。」 26And they shall be the ministers of their brethren in the tabernacle of the covenant, to keep the things that are committed to their care, but not to do the works. Thus shalt thou order the Levites touching their charge.



8:1-4
灯台制造与用法,见出25:31-40;肋24:1-4。

8:5-19
按圣经记载,司祭与肋未人大有分别:为授司祭职,应用「祝圣」的仪式(出28:41; 29:1-9;肋8:1);为授肋未人职,只用「洁净」仪式。洁净礼共分叁点:一、 取洁水,剃身和洗衣;二、行赎罪祭与全燔祭,会众长老按手於肋未人身上,肋未人按手於祭牲上;叁、梅瑟领肋未人隆重进入会幕,将他们交与亚郎和他的子孙。总而言之:司祭是亚郎的直系後代,肋未人则是肋未支派的其他男子。司祭能接近祭坛,能献祭;肋未人却不能,只能在会幕内或圣殿内做辅助的工作。

8:20-26
关於肋未人任职的年龄,见4:3和注。圣殿建成之後,肋未人自二十岁就应入殿服务。见编上23:27。

戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 9
1出埃及國後第二年正月,上主在西乃曠野吩咐梅瑟說: 1The Lord spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai, the second year after they were come out of the land of Egypt, in the first month, saying:
2「以色列子民在定期內當舉行踰越節。 2Let the children of Israel make the phase in its due time,
3於本月十四日黃昏時,在定期內舉行此節;應按一切規定和禮儀舉行。」 3The fourteenth day of this month in the evening, according to all the ceremonies and justifications thereof.
4梅瑟遂號令以色列子民舉行踰越節。 4And Moses commanded the children of Israel that they should make the phase.
5他們就在正月十四日黃昏,於西乃曠野舉行了踰越節;上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟,以色列子民就怎樣做了。 5And they made it in its proper time: the fourteenth day of the month at evening, in mount Sinai. The children of Israel did according to all things that the Lord had commanded Moses.
6但是,有些人因沾染了死人的不潔,不能在那一天舉行踰越節,就在那天來到梅瑟和亞郎前; 6But behold some who were unclean by occasion of the soul of a man, who could not make the phase on that day, coming to Moses and Aaron,
7這些人對他說:「我們沾染了死人的不潔;為什麼我們就被拒絕,而不能在以色列子民中,於定期內奉獻上主供物?」 7Said to them: We are unclean by occasion of the soul of a man. Why are we kept back that we may not offer in its season the offering to the Lord among the children of Israel?
8梅瑟對他們說:「你們等一下,我去聽上主對你們有何吩咐。」 8And Moses answered them: Stay that I may consult the Lord what he will ordain concerning you.
9上主吩咐梅瑟說: 9And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
10「你訓示以色列子民說:幾時你們中或你們後裔中,若有人沾了死人的不潔,或因到遠方旅行,仍要為上主舉行踰越節, 10Say to the children of Israel: The man that shall be unclean by occasion of one that is dead, or shall be in a journey afar off in your nation, let him make the phase to the Lord.
11應在二月十四日黃昏舉行,同時吃無酵餅和苦菜, 11In the second month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, they shall eat it with unleavened bread and wild lettuce:
12不要剩下什麼到早晨。也不要折斷羔羊的骨頭:應全依照踰越節的規定舉行此節。 12They shall not leave any thing thereof until morning, a nor break a bone thereof, they shall observe all the ceremonies of the phase.
13但如有人是潔淨的,又不在旅行中,竟忽略了過踰越節,這人就應由民間剷除,因為他沒有在定期內奉獻上主供物,這人應自負罪債。 13But if any man is clean, and was not on a journey, and did not make the phase, that soul shall be cut off from among his people, because he offered not sacrifice to the Lord in due season: he shall bear his sin.
14至於與你們同住的僑民,若為上主舉行踰越節,應按照踰越節的規定和禮儀舉行;不論是僑民,或是本國公民,你們應守同樣的法律。」 14The sojourner also and the stranger if they be among you, shall make the phase to the Lord according to the ceremonies and justifications thereof. The same ordinance shall be with you both for the stranger, and for him that was born in the land.
15在豎立帳幕那一天,有雲彩遮蓋了帳幕,即會幕;到晚上雲彩停在帳幕上,形狀似火,直到早晨。 15Now on the day that the tabernacle was reared up, a cloud covered it. But from the evening there was over the tabernacle, as it were, the appearance of fire until the morning.
16白天有雲彩遮蓋,夜間雲彩形狀似火:常是如此。 16So it was always: by day the cloud covered it, and by night as it were the appearance of fire.
17幾時雲彩由帳幕上升起,以色列子民隨即起程;雲彩在那裡停住了,以色列子民就在那裡紮營。 17And when the cloud that covered the tabernacle was taken up, then the children of Israel marched forward: and in the place where the cloud stood still, there they camped.
18以色列子民照上主的命令起程,亦照上主的命令紮營:雲彩停留在帳幕上幾日,他們就幾日紮營不動。 18At the commandment of the Lord they marched, and at his commandment they pitched the tabernacle. All the days that the cloud abode over the tabernacle, they remained in the same place:
19雲彩若多日停留在帳幕上,以色列子民就遵照上主的命令,不移營前行。 19And if it was so that it continued over it a long time, the children of Israel kept the watches of the Lord, and marched not,
20有時雲彩只數日停留在帳幕上,他們就依照上主的命令紮營不動,並依照上主的命令起程。 20For as many days soever as the cloud stayed over the tabernacle. At the commandment of the Lord they pitched their tents, and at his commandment they took them down.
21有時雲彩從晚上到早晨停住,一到早晨就上升,他們就隨之起程;或者一日一夜以後纔上升,他們也隨之起程。 21If the cloud tarried from evening until morning, and immediately at break of day left the tabernacle, they marched forward: and if it departed after a day and a night, they took down their tents.
22如雲彩兩日或一月,或一年停留在帳幕上,無論停留多久,以色列子民也就安營不動多久;只在雲彩上升時,方起程前行。 22But if it remained over the tabernacle for two days or a month or a longer time, the children of Israel remained in the same place, and marched not: but immediately as soon as it departed, they removed the camp.
23他們依照上主的命令紮營,依照上主的命令起程;他們全照上主藉梅瑟所吩咐的,遵守上主的訓示。 23By the word of the Lord they pitched their tents, and by his word they marched: and kept the watches of the Lord according to his commandment by the hand of Moses.



9:1-14
本段可视为出12关於逾越节所记的补遗。作者在此特地补述二月,即依雅尔月十四日黄昏时,应补行逾越节的事。参阅户28:16-25;肋23:4-8;申16:1-8;编下30。

9:15-23
云彩或火柱指示天主的亲临(出40:34-38)。选民的一行一动完全追随天主的旨意,此处已显出神权政体制。



戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 10
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你要製造兩個喇叭,用銀打成,用為召集會眾,為遷移營幕。 2Make thee two trumpets of beaten silver, wherewith thou mayest call together the multitude when the camp is to be removed.
3幾時吹兩個喇叭,全會眾都應集合在會幕門口,來到你跟前。 3And when thou shalt sound the trumpets, all the multitude shall gather unto thee to the door of the tabernacle of the covenant.
4若只吹一個喇叭,以色列的千夫長,作首領的應集合到你跟前。 4If thou sound but once, the princes and the heads of the multitude of Israel shall come to thee.
5若吹緊急號,紮在東方的營就起程; 5But if the sound of the trumpets be longer, and with interruptions, they that are on the east side, shall first go forward.
6第二次吹緊急號時,紮在南方的營就起程:吹緊急號是為叫他們起程; 6And at the second sounding and like noise of the trumpet, they who lie on the south side shall take up their tents. And after this manner shall the rest do, when the trumpets shall sound for a march.
7但為召集會眾,只吹號,不應緊急吹。 7But when the people is to be gathered together, the sound of the trumpets shall be plain, and they shall not make a broken sound.
8亞郎的子孫作司祭的應吹號:這為你們世世代代是條永久的規定。 8And the sons of Aaron the priest shall sound the trumpets: and this shall be an ordinance for ever in your generations.
9幾時你們在本國要出去作戰,攻打來侵的仇敵,應吹緊急號,使上主你們的天主,記得你們,救你們脫離仇敵。 9If you go forth to war out of your land against the enemies that fight against you, you shall sound aloud with the trumpets, and there shall be a remembrance of you before the Lord your God, that you may be delivered out of the hands of your enemies.
10此外,在你們的慶日、節日、月朔之日,獻全燔祭及和平祭時,還應吹號,使你們的天主記得你們:我是上主,你們的天主。」中編流落曠野 (10:11-21:35) 10If at any time you shall have a banquet, and on your festival days, and on the first days of your months, you shall sound the trumpets over the holocausts, and the sacrifices of peace offerings, that they may be to you for a remembrance of your God. I am the Lord your God.
11第二年二月二十日,雲彩由會幕升起, 11The second year, in the second month, the twentieth day of the month, the cloud was taken up from the tabernacle of the covenant.
12以色列子民就從西乃曠野循序起程出發。以後雲彩在帕蘭曠野停住了。 12And the children of Israel marched by their troops from the desert of Sinai, and the cloud rested in the wilderness of Pharan.
13他們初次依照上主藉梅瑟所出的命令起程。 13And the first went forward according to the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses.
14首先依隊起程的,是猶大子孫的營旗,率領軍隊的,是阿米納達布的兒子納赫雄; 14The sons of Juda by their troops: whose prince was Nahasson the son of Aminadab.
15率領依撒加爾子孫支派軍隊的,是族阿爾的兒子乃塔乃耳; 15In the tribe of the sons of Issachar, the prince was Nathanael the son of Suar.
16率領則步隆子孫支派軍隊的,是厄隆的兒子厄里雅布。 16In the tribe of Zabulon, the prince was Eliab the son of Helon.
17拆下帳幕後,革爾雄的子孫和默辣黎的子孫,就抬著帳幕起程出發。 17And the tabernacle was taken down, and the sons of Gerson and Merari set forward, bearing it.
18以後依隊出發的,是勒烏本的營旗,率領軍隊的,是舍德烏爾的兒子厄里族爾; 18And the sons of Ruben also marched, by their troops and ranks, whose prince was Helisur the son of Sedeur.
19率領西默盎子孫支派軍隊的,是族黎沙待的兒子舍路米耳; 19And in the tribe of Simeon, the prince was Salamiel the son of Surisaddai.
20率領加得子孫支派軍隊的,是勒烏耳的兒子厄里雅撒夫。 20And in the tribe of Cad, the prince was Eliasaph the son of Duel.
21此後刻哈特人抬著聖所之物起程;當他們達到時,人應已豎起帳幕。 21Then the Caathites also marched carrying the sanctuary. So long was the tabernacle carried, till they came to the place of setting it up.
22以後依隊出發的,是厄弗辣因子孫的營旗,率領軍隊的,是阿米胡得的兒子厄里沙瑪; 22The sons of Ephraim also moved their camp by their troops, in whose army the prince was Elisama the son of Ammiud.
23率領默納協子孫支派軍隊的,是培達族爾的兒子加默里耳; 23And in the tribe of the sons of Manasses, the prince was Gamaliel the son of Phadassur.
24率領本雅明子孫支派軍隊的,是基德敖尼的兒子阿彼丹。 24And in the tribe of Benjamin, the prince was Abidan the son of Gedeon.
25以後依隊出發的,是作全營後衛的丹子孫的營旗,率領軍隊的,是阿米沙待的兒子阿希厄則爾; 25The last of all the camp marched the sons of Dan by their troops, in whose army the prince was Ahiezer the son of Ammisaddai.
26率領阿協爾子孫支派軍隊的,是敖革蘭的兒子帕革厄耳; 26And in the tribe of the sons of Aser, the prince was Phegiel the son of Ochran.
27率領納斐塔里子孫支派軍隊的,是厄南的兒子阿希辣。 27And in the tribe of the sons of Nephtali, the prince was Ahira the son of Enan.
28這是以色列子民出發時,依隊起程的次序。 28This was the order of the camps, and marches of the children of Israel by their troops, when they set forward.
29梅瑟對自己的岳父,米德楊人勒烏耳的兒子曷巴布說:「我們正要起程往上主曾說:「我要給你們的那地方」去;你同我們一起去罷!我們必要好待你,因為上主對以色列許下了幸福。」 29And Moses said to Hobab the son of Raguel the Madianite, his kinsman: We are going towards the place which the Lord will give us: come with us, that we may do thee good: for the Lord hath promised good things to Israel.
30曷巴布回答他說:「我不去,我要回到故鄉我的老家去。」 30But he answered him: I will not go with thee, but I will return to my country, wherein I was born.
31梅瑟說:「請你不要離開我們!因為你知道我們在曠野安營的地方,你要給我們當嚮導。 31And he said: Do not leave us: for thou knowest in what places we should encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be our guide.
32你若同我們一起去,我們必使你分享上主要賜與我們的幸福。」 32And if thou comest with us, we will give thee what is the best of the riches which the Lord shall deliver to us.
33他們就由上主的山起程出發,行了三天的路程;三天的路程中,上主的約櫃走在他們的前面,為他們尋求休息的地方。 33So they marched from the mount of the Lord three days' journey, and the ark of the covenant of the Lord went before them, for three days providing a place for the camp.
34白天他們移營前行時,上主的雲彩常在他們頭上。 34The cloud also of the Lord was over them by day when they marched.
35當約櫃起行時,梅瑟就說:「上主,請你起來,使你的仇敵潰散,使懷恨你的由你面前逃走。」 35And when the ark was lifted up, Moses said: Arise, O Lord, and let thy enemies be scattered, and let them that hate thee, flee from before thy face.
36在約櫃停留時,他就說:「上主,請歸來,住在以色列千家萬戶中」。 36And when it was set down, he said: Return, O Lord, to the multitude of the host of Israel.



10:1-9
直筒形的银喇叭多半是用於礼仪中的乐器;另一种以山羊角制的弯屈喇叭,称为「角」或「号角」;只在喜乐或交战时用。梅瑟时代吹喇叭的,只是亚郎的两个儿子,以後肋未人也获得了这项特权。见编下5:12等处。

10:11-28
此段记述以民初次出发的情形,以後常是如此。

10:29-32
关於梅瑟的岳父,见出2:11-22 注释。31节「向导」一词,原文作「眼睛」,至今阿剌伯人仍称向导为「商队的眼睛」。本章虽未明载,曷巴布似乎接受了梅瑟的邀请。见民1:16; 4:11。

10:33
「上主的山」即西乃山。见出3:1; 4:27; 18:5。

10:35-36
见咏68:2
戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 11
1當時人民怨聲載道,怨聲已傳入上主的耳中;上主聽見,遂發怒;上主的火在他們中燃起,焚燒了營幕的邊緣。 1In the mean time there arose a murmuring of the people against the Lord, as it were repining at their fatigue. And when the Lord heard it he was angry. And the fire of the Lord being kindled against them, devoured them that were at the uttermost part of the camp.
2人民遂向梅瑟求救;梅瑟懇求了上主,火就熄滅了, 2And when the people cried to Moses, Moses prayed to the Lord, and the fire was swallowed up.
3遂給那地方起名叫塔貝辣,因為上主的火曾在他們中燃燒起來。 3And he called the name of that place, The burning: for that the fire of the Lord had been kindled against them.
4那些跟百姓來的雜族人甚是貪求口腹,連以色列子民也開始哭泣說:「誰給我們肉吃? 4For a mixt multitude of people, that came up with them, burned with desire, sitting and weeping, the children of Israel also being joined with them, and said: Who shall give us flesh to eat?
5我們記得:在埃及我們可隨便吃魚,還有胡瓜、西瓜、韮菜、蔥和蒜。 5We remember the Ash that we ate in Egypt free cost: the cucumbers come into our mind, and the melons, and the leeks, and the onions, and the garlic.
6現在我們的心靈憔悴,我們眼見的除「瑪納」外,什麼也沒有。」 6Our soul is dry, our eyes behold nothing else but manna.
7「瑪納」形似胡荽種子,色彩有如珍珠。 7A Now the manna was like coriander seed, of the colour of bdellium.
8人民四散收歛,用磨研細,或在臼內搗碎,在鍋內煮了做成餅,它的滋味有如油餅的滋味。 8And the people went about, and gathering it, ground it in a mill, or beat it in a mortar, and boiled it in a pot, and made cakes thereof of the taste of bread tempered with oil.
9夜間露水降在營上時,也降下「瑪納」。 9And when the dew fell in the night upon the camp, the manna also fell with it.
10梅瑟聽見百姓家家戶戶,各在帳棚門口悲哭。上主大發忿怒,梅瑟見了也很難受, 10Now Moses heard the people weeping by their families, every one at the door of his tent. And the wrath of the Lord was exceedingly enkindled: to Moses also the thing seemed insupportable.
11遂對上主說:「你為什麼難為你的僕人?為什麼我在你眼中不蒙寵幸,竟將管理這百姓的擔子全放在我身上? 11And he said to the Lord: Why hast thou afflicted thy servant? wherefore do I not find favour before thee? and why hast thou laid the weight of all this people upon me?
12莫非是我懷孕了這百姓,或是我生了他們,你竟對我說:你要懷抱他們,如同褓母懷抱乳兒,直到進入你對他們的祖先所誓許的地方? 12Have I conceived all this multitude, or begotten them, that thou shouldst say to me: Carry them in thy bosom as the nurse is wont to carry the little infant, and bear them into the land, for which thou hast sworn to their fathers?
13我從那裡拿肉給這百姓吃?因為他們向我哭訴說:給我們肉吃! 13Whence should I have flesh to give to so great a multitude? they weep against me, saying: Give us flesh that we may eat.
14我獨自不能抱著這百姓,這為我太重。 14I am not able alone to bear all this people, because it is too heavy for me.
15若你願這樣對待我,如果我在你眼中得寵,求你殺了我罷!免得我受這苦楚。」 15But if it seem unto thee otherwise, I beseech thee to kill me, and let me find grace in thy eyes, that I be not afflicted with so great evils.
16上主對梅瑟說:「你給我由以色列老年人中召選七十人,你知道他們是民間的老前輩和會辦事的人,領他們進入會幕,叫他們同你一起站在那裡。 16And the Lord said to Moses: Gather unto me seventy men of the ancients of Israel, whom thou knowest to be ancients and masters of the people: and thou shalt bring them to the door of the tabernacle of the covenant, and shalt make them stand there with thee,
17在那裡我要降下,與你交談,取些你身上具有的神能,賦給他們,叫他們與你分擔管理人民的重擔,不讓你個人獨自承擔。 17That I may come down and speak with thee: and I will take of thy spirit, and will give to them, that they may bear with thee the burden of the people, and thou mayest not be burthened alone.
18你對民眾說:你們聖潔自己直到明天,你們就會有肉吃,因為上主已聽見你們哀哭說:誰給我們肉吃?我們在埃及是多麼好!如今上主要給你們肉吃了; 18And thou shalt say to the people: Be ye sanctified: tomorrow you shall eat flesh: for I have heard you say: Who will give us flesh to eat? it was well with us in Egypt. That the Lord may give you flesh, and you may eat:
19不但是一天、兩天、五天、十天、二十天,你們有肉吃, 19Not for one day, nor two, nor five, nor ten, no nor for twenty.
20而是整月,直到肉從你們的鼻子裡出來,吃的生厭,因為你們輕視了住在你們中的上主,在他面前涕泣說:為什麼我們出離了埃及?」 20But even for a month of days, till it come out at your nostrils, and become loathsome to you, because you have cast off the Lord, who is in the midst of you, and have wept before him, saying: Why came we out of Egypt?
21梅瑟說:「與我同住的人民,步行的男子就有六十萬,你卻說:我要給他們肉吃,且吃一整月。 21And Moses said: There are six hundred thousand footmen of this people, and sayest thou: I will give them flesh to eat a whole month?
22就是將牛羊都為他們殺了,為他們夠用麼?或將海裡的魚全給他們捉來,為他們足用麼?」 22Shall then a multitude of sheep and oxen be killed, that it may suffice for their food? or shall the fishes of the sea be gathered together to fill them?
23上主回答梅瑟說:「難道上主的手短了?你就要看見我對你說的話是否應驗。」 23And the Lord answered him: Is the hand of the Lord unable? Thou shalt presently see whether my word shall come to pass or no.
24梅瑟將上主的話告訴了人民;隨後從人民的老年人中召選了七十人,令他們站在會幕四周。 24Moses therefore came, and told the people the words of the Lord, and assembled seventy men of the ancients of Israel, and made them to stand about the tabernacle.
25上主乘雲降下,與梅瑟談話;將他身上的神能,賦給那七十位長老;這神能一降在他們身上,他們就出神說話;以後再沒有出神。 25And the Lord came down in a cloud, and spoke to him, taking away of the spirit that was in Moses, and giving to the seventy men. And when the spirit had rested on them they prophesied, nor did they cease afterwards.
26當時有兩個人留在營內,一個名叫厄耳達得,一個名叫默達得;這神能也降在他們身上;他們原是在被錄取的人內,卻沒有到會幕那裡去,就在營內出神說話。 26Now there remained in the camp two of the men, of whom one was called Eldad, and the other Medad, upon whom the spirit rested; for they also had been enrolled, but were not gone forth to the tabernacle.
27有一少年跑來告訴梅瑟說:「厄耳達得和默達得在營內出神說話。」 27And when they prophesied in the camp, there ran a young man, and told Moses, saying: Eldad and Medad prophesy in the camp.
28自幼即服事梅瑟的農的兒子若蘇厄遂說:「我主梅瑟!你該禁止他們。」 28Forthwith Josue the son of Nun, the minister of Moses, and chosen out of many, said: My lord Moses forbid them.
29梅瑟回答他說:「你為我的緣故嫉妒人麼?巴不得上主的人民都成先知,上主將自己的精神貫注在他們身上!」 29But he said: Why hast thou emulation for me? O that all the people might prophesy, and that the Lord would give them his spirit!
30梅瑟遂與以色列的長老回到了營內。 30And Moses returned, with the ancients of Israel, into the camp.
31那時上主使一陣風颳起,由海上吹來了鵪鶉,散落在營幕上;鵪鶉在營幕四周多得有一天路程那麼遠,在地面上約有二肘厚。 31And a wind going out from the Lord, taking quails up beyond the sea brought them, and cast them into the camp for the space of one day's journey, on every side of the camp round about, and they flew in the air two cubits high above the ground.
32人民那一整日整夜,且在第二日整天都忙於捕捉鵪鶉,收集得最少的,也收集了十堆,都擺在營幕四周。 32The people therefore rising up all that day, and night, and the next day, gathered together of quails, he that did least, ten cores: and they dried them round about the camp.
33肉還在他們的牙齒間,尚未嚼爛,上主就對人民發怒了,以極嚴重的災禍打擊了人民。 33As yet the flesh was between their teeth, neither had that kind of meat failed: when behold the wrath of the Lord being provoked against the people, struck them with an exceeding great plague.
34故此人給那地方起名叫克貝洛特阿塔瓦,因為在那裡埋葬了貪饕的人民。 34And that place was called, The graves of lust: for there they buried the people that had lusted. And departing from the graves of lust, they came unto Haseroth, and abode there.
35以後民眾由克貝洛特阿塔瓦起程,向哈茲洛特出發,在哈茲洛特住下了。 35



11:1-3
塔贝辣,意即「火烧之地」,未列入本书33章所述的路程表内。此地或即本章34节所记的克贝洛特阿塔瓦。人民抱怨上主的事,已不是第一次。见出16:2-31。

11:4
「杂族的人」即同以色列人一起走出的埃及人或异族人。见出12:38。

11:16-17
把梅瑟的神能分施给七十长老,是指那些长老应在梅瑟指导下去尽己职。

11:31-32
鹌鹑产於非州中部与厄拉特海湾一带,春季随风飞至西乃半岛、巴力斯坦和叙利亚等地;如遇逆风,就飞得很低,或落在地上,人可随意逮捕。

11:34-35
克贝洛特阿塔瓦,意即「贪饕的坟墓」。见33:16-17;申9:22。



戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 12
1米黎盎和亞郎為了梅瑟所娶的雇士女人出言反對梅瑟,因為他娶了個雇士女人, 1And Mary and Aaron spoke against Moses, because of his wife the Ethiopian,
2於是說:「上主豈只與梅瑟交談,不是也與我們交談過!」上主聽見了這話。 2And they said: Hath the Lord spoken by Moses only? hath he not also spoken to us in like manner? And when the Lord heard this,
3梅瑟為人十分謙和,超過地上所有的人。 3(For Moses was a man exceeding meek above all men that dwelt upon earth)
4上主忽然向梅瑟、亞郎和米黎盎說:「你們三人到會幕那裡去。」他們三人就去了。 4Immediately he spoke to him, and to Aaron and Mary: Come out you three only to the tabernacle of the covenant. And when they were come out,
5上主乘雲柱降下,停在會幕門口,叫亞郎和米黎盎;他們兩人就走向前去, 5The Lord came down in a pillar of the cloud, and stood in the entry of the tabernacle calling to Aaron and Mary. And when they were come,
6上主說:「你們聽我說:若你們中有一位是先知,我要在神視中顯示給他,在夢中與他談話; 6He said to them: Hear my words: if there be among you a prophet of the Lord, I will appear to him in a vision, or I will speak to him in a dream.
7但對我的僕人梅瑟卻不是這樣,他在我全家中是最忠信可靠的。 7But it is not so with my servant Moses a who is most faithful in all my house:
8我面對面與他明明說話,不藉謎語,並讓他望見上主的形像。為什麼你們竟不怕出言反對我的僕人梅瑟?」 8For I speak to him mouth to mouth: and plainly, and not by riddles and figures doth he see the Lord. Why then were you not afraid to speak ill of my servant Moses?
9上主對他們發著怒走了。 9And being angry with them he went away:
10彩雲一離開會幕,看,米黎盎就生了癩病,像雪那樣白;亞郎轉身看見米黎盎生了癩病, 10The cloud also that was over the tabernacle departed: and behold Mary appeared white as snow with a leprosy. And when Aaron had looked on her, and saw her all covered with leprosy,
11遂對梅瑟說:「我主,懇求你,別使我們因一時愚昧所犯之罪而受罰! 11He said to Moses: I beseech thee, my lord, lay not upon us this sin, which we have foolishly committed:
12求你別讓她像個胎死腹中的人,一出娘胎,肉身就已腐爛了一半。」 12Let her not be as one dead, and as an abortive that is cast forth from the mother's womb. Lo, now one half of her flesh is consumed with the leprosy.
13梅瑟遂向上主呼求說:「天主,我求你治好她罷!」 13And Moses cried to the Lord, saying: O God, I beseech thee heal her.
14上主對梅瑟說:「若她的父親在她面上吐唾沬,她豈不要七天忍此羞辱,七天把她隔離在營外,然後才讓她回來?」 14And the Lord answered him: If her father had spitten upon her face, ought she not to have been ashamed for seven days at least? Let her be separated seven days without the camp, and after wards she shall be called again.
15於是米黎盎七天之久,被隔離在營外;民眾也沒有起程,直到米黎盎回來。 15Mary therefore was put out of the camp seven days: and the people moved not from that place until Mary was called again.
16以後,民眾由哈茲洛特起程出發,在帕蘭曠野紮了營。 16



12:1
雇士地名有二:一在厄提约丕亚即今埃及之南;一在今之阿剌伯中部,米德杨人、阿玛肋克人、依市玛耳人皆居於此地。因此,此处所记的梅瑟的妻子,即是出2:21所记的米德杨人漆颇辣。

12:2-8
关於米黎盎,见出2:4-10; 15:20;户20:1;米6:4;她是个女先知;可是先知的恩惠大有区别:有平常的先知,天主以神视,以梦境训示他们;也有非常的先知,就如梅瑟,天主当面亲口与他讲话(出33:11,18-23),叫他看到自己的光荣。在梅瑟以後,天主还要派许多先知(申18:15-18),可是直到圣若翰洗者为止(玛11:9-11),梅瑟是诸先知中最大者(申34:10),因此天主称赞他说:「他在我全家中是最忠信可靠的」(希3:5)。

12:10-14
向脸上吐唾 ,是以色列人轻慢人最甚的表示。见申25:9;依50:6;玛26:67等处。关於癞病,见肋13; 14。




戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 13
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the people marched from Haseroth, and pitched their tents in the desert of Pharan.
2「你要派遣一些人去窺探我要賜給以色列子民的客納罕地;每一宗族支派應派遣一人去,個個都應是他們中的領袖。」 2And there the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
3梅瑟就依照上主的命令,從帕蘭曠野派遣他們去了;這些人全是以色列子民的首領。 3Send men to view the land of Chanaan, which I will give to the children of Israel, one of every tribe, of the rulers.
4以下是他們的名字:勒烏本支派是匝雇爾的兒子沙慕亞; 4Moses did what the Lord had commanded, sending from the desert of Pharan, principal men, whose names are these:
5西默盎支派是曷黎的兒子沙法特; 5Of the tribe of Ruben, Sammua the son of Zechur.
6猶大支派是耶孚乃的兒子加肋布; 6Of the tribe of Simeon, Saphat the son of Hurl.
7依撒加爾支派,是若瑟的兒子依卡耳; 7Of the tribe of Juda, Caleb the son of Jephone.
8厄弗辣因支派是農的兒子曷舍亞; 8Of the tribe of Issachar, Igal the son of Joseph.
9本雅明支派是辣富的兒子帕耳提; 9Of the tribe of Ephraim, Osee the son of Nun.
10則步隆支派是索狄的兒子加狄耳; 10Of the tribe of Benjamin, Phalti the son of Raphu.
11若瑟支派,即默納協支派是穌息的兒子加狄; 11Of the tribe of Zabulon, Geddiel the son of Sodi.
12丹支派是革瑪里的兒子阿米耳; 12Of the tribe of Joseph, of the sceptre of Manasses, Gaddi the son of Susi.
13阿協爾支派是米加耳的兒子色突爾; 13Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the son of Gemalli.
14納斐塔里支派是沃斐息的兒子納赫彼; 14Of the tribe of Aser, Sthur the son of Michael.
15加得支派是瑪基的兒子革烏耳; 15Of the tribe of Nephtali, Nahabi the son of Vapsi.
16以上是梅瑟派去窺探那地方的人名;梅瑟給農的兒子曷舍亞起名叫若蘇厄。 16Of the tribe of Gad, Guel the son of Machi.
17當梅瑟派遣他們窺探客納罕地時,向他們說:「你們由此上乃革布去,然後上山區去, 17These are the names of the men, whom Moses sent to view the land: and he called Osee the son of Nun, Josue.
18窺看那地方怎樣,看住在那地方的人民是強盛或是軟弱,是稀少或是眾多; 18And Moses sent them to view the land of Chanaan, and said to them: Go you up by the south side. And when you shall come to the mountains,
19他們住的地方是好,或是壞;他們居住的城鎮是不設防,或是設防的; 19View the land, of what sort it is: and the people that are the inhabitants thereof, whether they be strong or weak: few in number or many:
20有什麼土壤,是肥沃或是貧瘠;在那裡有沒有樹木。你們應勇敢,帶些那地方的果子來。」那時是葡萄初熟的時節。 20The land itself, whether it be good or bad: what manner of cities, walled or without walls:
21他們遂上去,窺探了那地方,從親曠野直到勒曷布,哈瑪特關口。 21The ground, fat or barren, woody or without trees. Be of good courage, and bring us of the fruits of the land. Now it was the time when the first ripe grapes are fit to be eaten.
22他們上到乃革布,來到了赫貝龍。在那裡有阿納克的後裔阿希曼、舍瑟和塔耳買。──赫貝龍城比埃及左罕城早建七年。 22And when they were gone up, they viewed the land from the desert of Sin, unto Rohob as you enter into Emath.
23他們一直來到厄市苛耳山谷,砍下了一枝只有一嘟嚕的葡萄,兩人用槓子抬著,又摘了些石榴和無花果。 23And they went up at the south side, and came to Hebron, where were Achiman and Sisai and Tholmai the sons of Enac. For Hebron was built seven years before Tanis the city of Egypt.
24人稱那地方為厄市苛耳山谷,因為以色列子民從那裡砍去了一嘟嚕葡萄。 24And going forward as far as the torrent of the cluster of grapes, they cut off a branch with its cluster of grapes, which two men carried upon a lever. They took also of the pomegranates and of the figs of that place:
25四十天後,他們由偵探的地方回來, 25Which was called Nehelescol, that is to say, the torrent of the cluster of grapes, because from thence the children of Israel had carried a cluster of grapes.
26到了帕蘭曠野的卡德士去見梅瑟、亞郎和以色列子民的全會眾,給他們和全會眾報告,叫他們看那地方的果子。 26And they that went to spy out the land returned after forty days, having gone round all the country,
27他們向梅瑟報告說:「我們到了你派遣我們去的那個地方,實在是流奶流蜜的地方;這是那地方的出產。 27And came to Moses and Aaron and to all the assembly of the children of Israel to the desert of Pharan, which is in Cades. And speaking to them and to all the multitude, they shewed them the fruits of the land:
28只是住在那地方的人強盛,城鎮堅固廣大,而且我們在那裡也見到了阿納克的後裔。 28And they related and said: We came into the land to which thou sentest us, which in very deed floweth with milk and honey as may be known by these fruits:
29阿瑪肋克人住在乃革布地方;赫特人、耶步斯人和阿摩黎人住在山區;客納罕人住在海濱和約但河沿岸一帶。」 29But it hath very strong inhabitants, and the cities are great and walled. We saw there the race of Enac.
30加肋布使百姓在梅瑟前鎮靜說:「我們儘管上去,必要佔領那地方。我們必能戰勝。」 30Amalec dwelleth in the south, the Hethite and the Jebusite and the Amorrhite in the mountains: but the Chanaanite abideth by the sea and near the streams of the Jordan.
31但是與他同去的人卻說:「我們不能前去攻打那民族,因為他們比我們強盛。」 31In the mean time Caleb, to still the murmuring of the people that rose against Moses, said: Let us go up and possess the land, for we shall be able to conquer it.
32於是他們在以色列子民中,對所偵探的地方散佈謠言說:「我們偵探所經過的地方,是個吞噬當地居民的地方;我們在那裡所見到的民族,都是高大的人。 32But the others, that had been with him, said: No, we are not able to go up to this people, because they are stronger than we.
33在那裡還見到了巨人,即巨人的後裔,阿納克的子孫;我們看自己好像是蚱蜢;在他們看來,我們也實在如此。」 33And they spoke ill of the land, which they had viewed, before the children of Israel, saying: The land which we have viewed, devoureth its inhabitants: the people, that we beheld, are of a tall stature.
34 34There we saw certain monsters of the sons of Enac, of the giant kind: in comparison of whom, we seemed like locusts.



13:1-16
十二支派中没有肋未支派的代表,因为肋未支派在该地没有承受产业权。

13:17-20
天主虽然吩咐以色列人去占领他许给他们先祖的地方(出23:20-23),可是天主的恩典要求人的合作,人要尽力去实行天主的命令。因此梅瑟遣发了侦探,去侦探那地的虚实。

13:21-23
亲旷野在乃革布以南;哈玛特是赫尔孟和黎巴嫩两山中的关口。乃革布指许地的极南端,哈玛特在极北端。赫贝龙见创13:18; 23:2;民1:10等处;左罕即埃及的京都塔尼斯;阿纳克为住在赫贝龙附近,和培肋舍特一带的巨人的後裔;阿希曼、舍瑟和塔耳买似乎是阿纳克族的支系,见苏15:13,14;民1:20;申2:10,11,21等处;厄市苛耳山谷即谓葡萄山谷。

13:26
帕兰与亲在地理上指一个大旷野:帕兰指其南部,亲指其北部;卡德士为亲旷野的要地,位於厄东和阿玛肋克之间。

13:27-33
加肋布和若苏厄因着勇敢和信心,蒙受了进入许地的恩典;其他的人都死於帕兰旷野。参见26:65; 32:11-14等处。





戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 14
1全會眾都大聲喧嚷,人民哭了一夜。 1Wherefore the whole multitude crying wept that night.
2以色列子民都抱怨梅瑟和亞郎;全會眾對他們說:「巴不得我們都死在埃及地,都死在曠野裡! 2And all the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron, saying:
3為什麼上主引我們到那地方死在刀下,叫我們的妻子兒女當作戰利品?再回埃及去,為我們豈不更好?」 3Would God that we had died in Egypt and would God we may die in this vast wilderness, and that the Lord may not bring us into this land, lest we fall by the sword, and our wives and children be led away captives. Is it not better to return into Egypt?
4於是彼此說:「我們另立頭目,回埃及去。」 4And they said one to another: Let us appoint a captain, and let us return into Egypt.
5梅瑟和亞郎遂俯伏在以色列子民全會眾前。 5And when Moses and Aaron heard this, they fell down flat upon the ground before the multitude of the children of Israel.
6偵探那地方的人中,有農的兒子若蘇厄和耶孚乃的兒子加肋布,他們撕裂了自己的衣服, 6But Josue the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Jephone, who themselves also had viewed the land, rent their garments,
7告訴以色列子民全會眾說:「我們偵探所經過的地方,確是一片極好的地方。 7And said to all the multitude of the children of Israel: The land which we have gone round is very good:
8若上主恩待我們,必引我們到那裡去,將那地方賜給我們。那實在是一塊流奶流蜜的地方。 8If the Lord be favourable, he will bring us into it, and give us a land flowing with milk and honey.
9只要你們不反抗上主,就不必怕那地方的人民,因為他們要作我們的掠物;護佑他們的,離開了他們,上主卻與我們同在;所以不要怕他們。」 9Be not rebellious against the Lord: and fear ye not the people of this land, for we are able to eat them up as bread. All aid is gone from them: the Lord is with us, fear ye not.
10全會眾正說要用石頭砸死他們時,上主的榮耀在會幕上顯示給全以色列子民。 10And when all the multitude cried out, and would have stoned them, the glory of the Lord appeared over the tabernacle of the covenant to all the children of Israel.
11上主對梅瑟說:「這人民輕慢我要到幾時呢?我雖在他們中行了那些神蹟,他們仍不相信我,要到幾時呢? 11And the Lord said to Moses: How long will this people detract me? how long will they not believe me for all the signs that I have wrought before them?
12我要用瘟疫打擊他們,剷除他們,使你成為一個比他們更強大,更昌盛的民族。」 12I will strike them therefore with pestilence, and will consume them: but thee I will make a ruler over a great nation, and a mightier than this is.
13但是梅瑟對上主說:「埃及人如果聽說這事,因為你曾用威力由他們中領出這民族來, 13And Moses said to the Lord: That the Egyptians, from the midst of whom thou hast brought forth this people,
14他們將說什麼?這地方的居民也曾聽說:你上主是在這民族中;你上主曾面對面地發顯出來,你的雲彩常停在他們上面;白日你乘雲柱,黑夜你乘火柱,走在他們前面。 14And the inhabitants of this land, (who have heard that thou, O Lord, art among this people, and art seen face to face, and thy cloud protecteth them, and thou goest before them in a pillar of a cloud by day, and in a pillar of fire by night,)
15現在,如果你消滅這民族如消滅一個人一樣,這些曾聽到你聲名的外邦民族必要議論說: 15May hear that thou hast killed so great a multitude as it were one man and may say:
16『由於上主不能引這民族進入他對他們所誓許的地方,就在曠野將他們殺了。』 16He could not bring the people into the land for which he had sworn, therefore did he kill them in the wilderness.
17吾主,如今求你,大發寬容,如你曾聲明說: 17Let their the strength of the Lord be magnified, as thou hast sworn, saying:
18上主緩於發怒,富於仁慈,寬赦過犯和罪過,但決不豁免懲罰,父親的過犯,要向子孫追討,直到三代四代。 18The Lord is patient and full of mercy, taking away iniquity and wickedness, and leaving no man clear, who visitest the sins of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation.
19求你大發仁慈,寬恕這人民的罪過,就如從埃及一直到現在,你寬赦了他們一樣。」 19Forgive, I beseech thee, the sins of this people, according to the greatness of thy mercy, as thou hast been merciful to them from their going out of Egypt unto this place.
20上主回答說:「我就照你祈求的寬赦他們; 20And the Lord said: I have forgiven according to thy word.
21但是我以我的生命,以充滿全地的上主的榮耀起誓: 21As I live: and the whole earth shall be filled with the glory of the Lord.
22這些見了我的榮耀,見了我在埃及和曠野裡所行的神蹟的人,已十次試探了我,不聽我的話, 22But yet all the men that have seen my majesty, and the signs that I have done in Egypt, and in the wilderness, and have tempted me now ten times, and have not obeyed my voice,
23他們決不能見我對他們祖先誓許的地方;凡輕慢我的人,決不會見到那地方。 23Shall not see the land for which I aware to their fathers, neither shall any one of them that hath detracted me behold it.
24惟有我的僕人加肋布,因懷有另一種精神,全心服從我,我必引他進入他去過的地方,他的後裔必佔有那地方為產業。 24My servant Caleb, who being full of another spirit hath followed me, I will bring into this land which he hath gone round: and his seed shall possess it.
25現今阿瑪肋克人和客納罕人盤據在山谷中,明天你們應轉身向紅海出發,往曠野去。」 25For the Amalecite and the Chanaanite dwell in the valleys. Tomorrow remove the camp, and return into the wilderness by the way of the Red Sea.
26上主吩咐梅瑟和亞郎說: 26And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
27「這個邪惡的會眾抱怨我要到幾時?以色列子民抱怨我的話我都聽見了。 27How long doth this wicked multitude murmur against me? I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel.
28你對他們說:我以我的生命起誓:──上主的斷語──我必照你們在我耳中所說的話,對待你們: 28Say therefore to them: As I live, saith the Lord: According as you have spoken in my hearing, so will I do to you.
29你們中凡二十歲以上登過記的,凡抱怨過我的,都要倒斃在這曠野中。 29In the wilderness shall your carcasses lie. All you that were numbered from twenty years old and upward, and have murmured against me,
30你們決不得進入我誓許給你們居住的地方,只有耶孚乃的兒子加肋布和農的兒子若蘇厄除外。 30Shall not enter into the land, over which I lifted up my bend to make you dwell therein, except Caleb the son of Jephone, and Josue the son of Nun.
31至於你們的幼童,你們曾說他們要當戰利品的,我要領他們進去,使他們享受你們所輕視的地方。 31But your children, of whom you said, that they should be a prey to the enemies, will I bring in: that they may see the land which you have despised.
32至於你們,你們必倒斃在這曠野中; 32Your carcasses shall lie in the wilderness.
33你們的子女要在曠野漂流四十年,受你們背信之罰,直到你們的屍首在曠野中爛盡。 33Your children shall wander in the desert forty years, and shall bear your fornication, until the carcasses of their fathers be consumed ill the desert,
34你們偵探那地方的日子,共計四十天,一天算一年,你們應受四十年的罪罰,叫你們知道我放棄你們是什麼一回事。 34According to the number of the forty days, wherein you viewed the land: year shall be counted for a day. And forty years you shall receive your iniquities, and shall know my revenge:
35我上主既說了,也必對這聚集反抗我的邪惡會眾這樣做:在這曠野他們都要滅絕,在這裡都要死盡。」 35For as I have spoken, so will I do to all this wicked multitude, that hath risen up together against me: in this wilderness shall it faint away and die.
36梅瑟派遣去偵探那地方的人,回來以後,對那地方散佈謠言,致使全會眾抱怨梅瑟。 36Therefore all the men, whom Moses had sent to view the land, and who at their return had made the whole multitude to murmur against him, speaking ill of the land that it was naught,
37這些對那地方講說壞話的人,都遭了災罰,死在上主面前; 37Died and were struck in the sight of the Lord.
38前去偵探那地方的人,只有農的兒子若蘇厄和耶孚乃的兒子加肋布,保全了性命。 38But Josue. the son of Nun. and Caleb the son of Jephone lived, of all them that had gone to view the land.
39梅瑟將這些話告訴了全以色列子民;人民都非常憂悶。 39And Moses spoke all these words to all the children of Israel, and the people mourned exceedingly.
40次日清晨他們起來,要上山頂去,說:「我們犯了罪,現在我們已準備好,要往上主所說的地方去。」 40And behold rising up very early in the morning, they went up to the top of the mountain, and said: We are ready to go up to the place, of which the Lord hath spoken: for we have sinned.
41但是梅瑟說:「你們為什麼要違背上主的命令?這事必不會成功。 41And Moses said to them: Why transgress you the word of the Lord, which shall not succeed prosperously with you?
42不要上去,因為上主不在你們中間,難免不被敵人擊敗。 42Go not up, for the Lord is not with you: lest you fall before your enemies.
43因為阿瑪肋克人和客納罕人在那裡要抵擋你們,你們必喪身刀下;你們既背離了上主,上主自然不再與你們同在。」 43The Amalecite and the Chanaanite are before you, and by their sword you shall fall, because you would not consent to the Lord, neither will the Lord be with you.
44他們仍擅自上了山頂;但上主的約櫃和梅瑟沒有由營幕中移動。 44But they being blinded went up to the top of the mountain. But the ark of the testament of the Lord and Moses departed not from the camp.
45住在山中的阿瑪肋克人和客納罕人就下來,擊殺了他們,將他們追擊到曷爾瑪。 45And the Amalecite came down, and the Chanaanite that dwelt in the mountain: and smiting and slaying them pursued them as far as Horma.



14:1-25
撕裂衣服,是极度悲痛和失望的表示。见创37:29等处。22节「十次试探了我」;指多次而言。

14:36-37
那十位散布谣言的侦探,因为使人民丧志,即刻受罚,死在上主面前,即谓死在会幕前。

14:43-45
关於阿玛肋克人,见创36:12-15;客纳罕人,见13:29;曷尔玛原名色法特,在卡德士之北,离贝尔舍巴不远。见苏19:2-4;民1:17。新约中屡将以民受罚,不能立刻进入许地之事,作为基督信徒的 戒。见格前10:11;希3:12-19。

戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 15
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你吩咐以色列子民說:你們進入了我賜給你們居住的地方時, 2Speak to the children of Israel and thou shalt say to them: When you shall be come into the land of your habitation, which I will give you,
3如要以牛或羊獻給上主作火祭,或作全燔祭,或作任何祭獻,或為還願,或出於自願,或因逢節期,以之作為悅樂上主的馨香祭, 3And shall make an offering to the Lord, for a holocaust, or a victim, paying your vows, or voluntarily offering gifts, or in your solemnities burning a sweet savour unto the Lord, of oxen or of sheep:
4獻祭的人應給上主加獻十分之一『厄法』細麵,調和四分之一『辛』油,作為素祭。 4Whosoever immolateth the victim, shall offer a sacrifice of fine flour, the tenth part of an ephi, tempered with the fourth part of a hin of oil:
5此外,為全燔祭或為任何祭獻,還應奠上酒:為每隻公羔羊,奠四分之一『辛』酒。 5And he shall give the same measure of wine to pour out in libations for the holocaust or for the victim. For every lamb,
6如果是隻公綿羊,應加獻十分之二『厄法』細麵,調和上三分之一『辛』油,作為素祭; 6And for every ram there shall be a sacrifice of hour of two tenths, which shall be tempered with the third part of a hin of oil:
7再奠上三分之一『辛』酒,作為悅樂上主的馨香祭。 7And he shall offer the third part of the same measure of wine for the libation, for a sweet savour to the Lord.
8如果你以一隻牛犢獻作全燔祭或任何祭獻,或為還願,或獻與上主作和平祭, 8But when thou offerest a holocaust or sacrifice of oxen, to fulfill thy vow or for victims of peace offerings,
9除牛犢外,還應加獻十分之三『厄法』細麵,調和上半『辛』油,作為素祭; 9Thou shalt give for every ox three tenths of flour tempered with half a hin of oil,
10再奠上半『辛』酒,作為悅樂上主的馨香火祭。 10And wine for libations of the same measure, for an offering of most sweet savour to the Lord.
11每獻一頭公牛,或一隻公綿羊,或一隻公羔羊,或一隻公山羊,都應照此而行; 11Thus shalt thou do:
12你們所獻的數目無論多少,為每一隻都應照此而行。 12For every ox and ram and lamb and kid.
13本地人不論誰,獻悅樂上主的馨香火祭時,都應這樣行。 13Both they that are born in the land, and the strangers,
14幾時一個與你們同住的,或與你們的後代同住的外方人,願獻悅樂上主的馨香火祭,你們怎樣行,他也應怎樣行。 14Shall offer sacrifices after the same rite.
15全會眾,不論是為你們,或為與你們同住的外方人,只有一樣的規定;這為你們世世代代,是一永遠的規定:在上主面前你們與外方人一樣; 15There shall be all one law and judgment both for you and for them who are strangers in the land.
16為你們和與你們同住的外方人,只有一種法律,只有一種制度。」 16And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
17上主訓示梅瑟說: 17Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them:
18「你吩咐以色列子民說:幾時你們進入了我引你們去的地方, 18When you are come into the land which I will give you,
19吃那地方的食糧時,應拿一分獻給上主作禮品: 19And shall eat of the bread of that country, you shall separate firstfruits to the Lord,
20由初熟的麥麵團中,獻一個餅作禮品,有如奉獻纔從禾場打下之物一樣。 20Of the things you eat. As you separate firstfruits of your barnfloors:
21你們世世代代,應從初熟麥麵團中取出,獻給上主作禮品。 21So also shall you give firstfruits of your dough to the Lord.
22如果你們誤犯了過失,而沒有遵行上主向梅瑟所吩咐的某條誡命, 22And if through ignorance you omit any of these things, which the Lord hath spoken to Moses,
23即上主藉梅瑟向你們所吩咐的,由上主出命之日起,直到你們世世代代, 23And by him hath commanded you, from the day that he began to command and thenceforward,
24那麼,如果是會眾出於無心誤犯了過失,全會眾應獻一公牛犢當全燔祭,作為悅樂上主的馨香祭,並依照禮規獻素祭和奠酒禮,再獻一公山羊作贖罪祭。 24And the multitude have forgotten to do it: they shall offer a calf out of the herd, a holocaust for a most sweet savour to the Lord, and the sacrifice and libations thereof, as the ceremonies require, and a buck goat for sin:
25司祭應為以色列子民全會眾行贖罪禮,他們即可獲得赦免,因為這是無心之過。當他們為這無心之過,給上主奉獻了火祭,並在上主面前獻了贖罪祭後, 25And the priest shall pray for all the multitude of the children of Israel: and it shall be forgiven them, because they sinned ignorantly, offering notwithstanding a burnt offering to the Lord for themselves and for their sin and their ignorance:
26以色列子民全會眾以及住在你們中的外方人,都獲得赦免,因為全人民犯了無心之過。 26And it shall be forgiven all the people of the children of Israel: and the strangers that sojourn among them: because it is the fault of all the people through ignorance.
27如果是一人出於無心犯了罪,應獻一隻一歲的母山羊作贖罪祭。 27But if one soul shall sin ignorantly, he shall offer a she goat of a year old for his sin.
28司祭為這犯無心之過的人,在上主面前行贖罪禮,因為他由於無心犯了罪;為他行了贖罪禮,他即可獲得赦免。 28And the priest shall pray for him, because he sinned ignorantly before the Lord: and he shall obtain his pardon, and it shall be forgiven him.
29凡以色列子民,不拘是本地人或住在你們中的外方人,對誤犯過失的人,只有一條法律。 29The same law shall be for all that sin by ignorance, whether they be natives or strangers.
30但如果一人,不論是本地人,或是外方人,敢大膽妄為,侮辱上主,這人應由民間剷除; 30But the soul that committeth any thing through pride, whether he be born in the land or a stranger (because he hath been rebellious against the Lord) shall be cut off from among his people:
31因為他輕視了上主的話,違犯了他的誡命,這人應被除滅,應自負罪債。」 31For he hath contemned the word the Lord, and made void his precept: therefore shall he be destroyed, and shall bear his iniquity.
32以色列子民尚在曠野的時候,遇見一人在安息日拾柴, 32And it came to pass, when the children of Israel were in the wilderness, and had found a man gathering sticks on the sabbath day,
33遇見他拾柴的人,就帶他到梅瑟及亞郎和全會眾前; 33That they brought him to Moses and Aaron and the whole multitude.
34他們將他押在看守所內,因為尚未指明應如何處置他。 34And they put him into prison, not knowing what they should do with him.
35那時上主對梅瑟說:「這人應處死刑,全會眾應在營外用石頭將他砸死。」 35And the Lord said to Moses: Let that man die, let all the multitude stone him without the camp.
36全會眾遂拉他到營外,用石頭砸死他,照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。 36And when they had brought him out, they stoned him, and he died as the Lord had commanded.
37上主訓示梅瑟說: 37The Lord also said to Moses:
38「你吩咐以色列子民,命他們世世代代,在自己衣邊上做上繸頭,衣邊的每個繸頭,應用紫繩繫著。 38Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt tell them I to make to themselves fringes in the corners of their garments, putting in them ribands of blue:
39這繸頭是為叫你們一看見,就想起上主的誡命,依照遵行,免得你們隨從心中和眼目的慾望,而放縱淫亂。 39That when they shall see them, they may remember all the commandments of the Lord, and not follow their own thoughts and eyes going astray after divers things,
40這樣,你們必對我的一切誡命,懷念不忘,依照遵行;這樣在你們的天主面前,你們常是聖潔的。 40But rather being mindful of the precepts of the Lord, may do them and be holy to their God.
41我上主是你們的天主,我領你們出離埃及是為作你們的天主:我上主是你們的天主。」 41I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that I might be your God.



15:1-16
本书中关於祭献的规定,多为补充肋所未记载者。本段即是肋1-3的补遗。奠酒礼在梅瑟的法律中,并不是一种独立的祭献,而应与其他的祭献配献。

15:22-31
关於为无心的过犯所献的祭品,见肋5:17-19; 22:14。

15:32-36
违犯安息日的人应被砸死,如亵渎天主圣名的罪犯一样。见肋24:10-23。

15:37-41
衣上带 头的风俗,直到吾主耶稣时代还保存。见玛23:5;现代的以色列人只在祈祷时还穿这种衣服。




戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 16
1肋未的兒子刻哈特的後裔依茲哈爾的兒子科辣黑,和勒烏本的後裔厄里雅布的兩個兒子達堂和阿彼蘭,並培肋特的兒子翁, 1And behold Core the son of Isaar, the son of Caath, the son of Levi, and Dathan and Abiron the sons of Eliab, and Hon the son of Pheleth of the children of Ruben,
2起來反抗梅瑟。此外,還有二百五十個以色列人,他們都是會眾的領袖,會議的要員,有名望的人。 2Rose up against Moses, and with them two hundred and fifty others of the children of Israel, leading men of the synagogue, and who in the time of assembly were called by name.
3他們團結起來反抗梅瑟和亞郎,對他們說:「你們太過份了!全體會眾都是聖潔的人,上主也在他們中;為什麼你們卻抬舉自己在上主的集會以上?」 3And when they had stood up against Moses and Aaron, they said: Let it be enough for you, that all the multitude consisteth of holy ones, and the Lord is among them: Why lift you up yourselves above the people of the Lord?
4梅瑟一聽這話,就俯伏在地。 4When Moses heard this, he fell flat on his face:
5然後對科辣黑和他同黨的人說:「明天早上,上主會使人知道,誰是他的人,誰是聖者;他使誰親近自己:他許誰親近自己,誰就是他所選的人。 5And speaking to Core and all the multitude, he said: In the morning the Lord will make known who belong to him, and the holy he will join to himself: and whom he shall choose, they shall approach to him.
6你們應這樣做:科辣黑和他同黨的人啊!你們要拿著火盤, 6Do this therefore: Take every man of you your censers, thou Core, and all thy company.
7明天在盤裡放上火,在上主面前,添上乳香;上主揀選誰,誰就是聖者。肋未的子孫,你們太過份了!」 7And putting fire in them tomorrow, put incense upon it before the Lord: and whomsoever he shall choose, the same shall be holy: you take too much upon you, ye sons of Levi.
8梅瑟又對科辣黑說:「肋未的子孫,請聽我說: 8And he said again to Core: Hear ye sons of Levi.
9以色列的天主將你們與以色列會眾分開,使你們親近他,在上主帳幕內服務,站在會眾前頭代他們行禮,這為你們還不夠麼? 9Is it a small thing unto you, that the God of Israel hath spared you from all the people, and joined you to himself, that you should serve him in the service of the tabernacle, and should stand before the congregation of the people, and should minister to him?
10他已使你和你所有的兄弟──肋未的子孫,親近他,你們還要貪求司祭之職麼? 10Did he therefore make thee and all thy brethren the sons of Levi to approach unto him, that you should challenge to yourselves the priesthood also,
11其實你和你的同黨所共謀反抗的是上主;至於亞郎,他算什麼,你們竟抱怨他?」 11And that all thy company should stand against the Lord? for what is Aaron that you murmur against him?
12梅瑟派人去叫厄里雅布的兒子達堂和阿彼蘭來;他們卻答說:「我們不去! 12Then Moses sent to call Dathan and Abiron the sons of Eliab. But they answered: We will not come.
13你領我們由流奶流蜜的地方上來,叫我們死在曠野,這為你還不夠,你還想作王統治我們麼? 13Is it a small matter to thee, that thou hast brought us out of a land that flowed with milk and honey, to kill us in the desert, except thou rule also like a lord over us?
14你並沒有領我們到了流奶流蜜的地方,也沒有給我們田地和葡萄園當產業啊!你想剜出這些人的眼睛麼?我們不去!」 14Thou hast brought us indeed into a land that floweth with rivers of milk and honey, and hast given us possessions of fields and vineyards; wilt thou also pull out our eyes? We will not come.
15梅瑟遂大怒,對上主說:「你不要垂顧他們的祭獻;我沒有奪過他們一匹驢,也沒有損害過他們任何人。」 15Moses therefore being very angry, said to the Lord: Respect not their sacrifices: thou knowest that I have not taken of them so much as a young ass at any time, nor have injured any of them.
16梅瑟對科辣黑說:「你和你一切同黨,明日要來到上主面前,就是你和他們,還有亞郎。 16And he said to Core: Do thou and thy congregation stand apart before the Lord tomorrow, and Aaron apart.
17你們各人要拿著自己的火盤,上面放上乳香;各人拿著自己的火盤到上主面前去,共二百五十個火盤;你和亞郎也各自拿著火盤。」 17Take every one of you censers, and put incense upon them, offering to the Lord two hundred and fifty censers: let Aaron also hold his censer.
18他們每人於是都拿了火盤,上面放上火,添上乳香,同梅瑟和亞郎來到會幕門口。 18When they had done this, Moses and Aaron standing,
19科辣黑召集了全會眾到會幕門口,來反抗梅瑟和亞郎。此時,上主的榮耀就顯現給全會眾。 19And had drawn up all the multitude against them to the door of the tabernacle, the glory of the Lord appeared to them all.
20上主對梅瑟和亞郎說: 20And the Lord speaking to Moses and Aaron, said:
21「你們快離開這會眾,我立刻要消滅他們。」 21Separate yourselves from among this congregation, that I may presently destroy them.
22梅瑟和亞郎就俯伏在地說:「天主,賜給一切血肉生氣的天主!一人犯罪,你就向全體的會眾發怒麼?」 22They fell flat on their face, and said: O most mighty, the God of the spirits of all flesh, for one man's sin shall thy wrath rage against all?
23上主回答梅瑟說: 23And the Lord said to Moses:
24「你訓示會眾說:你們離開科辣黑、達堂和阿彼蘭帳幕的四周。」 24Command the whole people to separate themselves from the tents of Core and Dathan and Abiron.
25梅瑟就起來往達堂和阿彼蘭那裡去,以色列的長老也都隨著他去了。 25And Moses arose, and went to Dathan and Abiron: and the ancients of Israel following him,
26他遂向會眾說:「你們要遠離這些惡人的帳幕!凡是他們的東西你們不要動,免得你們為了他們的一切罪惡而遭滅絕。」 26He said to the multitude: Depart from the tents of these wicked men, and touch nothing of theirs, lest you be involved in their sins.
27他們遂離開了科辣黑、達堂、和阿彼蘭帳幕的四周;達堂和阿彼蘭同他們的妻子兒女和嬰孩出來,站在自己的帳幕門口。 27And when they were departed from their tents round about, Dathan and Abiron coming out stood in the entry of their pavilions with their wives and children, and all the people.
28梅瑟遂說:「因這件事,你們會知道,是上主派遣了我來做這一切,並不是出於我的本意: 28And Moses said: By this you shall know that the Lord hath sent me to do all things that you see, and that I have not forged them of my own head:
29如果這些人如其他的人一樣死去,或者他們的遭遇如其他的人所遭遇的一樣,上主就沒有派遣了我; 29If these men die the common death of men, and if they be visited with a plague, wherewith others also are wont to be visited, the Lord did not send me.
30但是,如果上主作了從未聽見過的事,令地裂開口,將他們和他們的一切都吞下去,使他們活活的下到陰府,你們就知道,這些人拋棄了上主。」 30But if the Lord do a new thing, and the earth opening her mouth swallow them down, and all things that belong to them, and they go down alive into hell, you shall know that they have blasphemed the Lord.
31他一說完這些話,他們腳踏的地就裂開了; 31And immediately as he had made an end of speaking, the earth broke asunder under their feet:
32地開了口,將他們和他們的家屬,以及凡屬科辣黑的人和所有的財物,都吞了下去。 32And opening her mouth, devoured them with their tents and all their substance.
33他們和他們的一切,都活活的下了陰府;地在他們上面閉上口,他們遂由會眾中消滅了。 33And they went down alive into hell the ground closing upon them, and they perished from among the people.
34他們四周所有的以色列人,一聽見他們尖叫聲,就都逃跑說:「怕地也吞沒了我們!」 34But all Israel, that was standing round about, fled at the cry of them that were perishing: saying: Lest perhaps the earth swallow us up also.
35那時由上主那裡發出了烈火,吞噬了那二百五十個奉香的人。 35And a fire coming out from the Lord, destroyed the two hundred and fifty men that offered the incense.
36 36And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
37 37Command Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest to take up the censers that lie in the burning, and to scatter the fire of one side and the other: because they are sanctified
38 38In the deaths of the sinners: and let him beat them into plates, and fasten them to the altar, because incense hath been offered in them to the Lord, and they are sanctified, that the children of Israel may see them for a sign and a memorial.
39 39Then Eleazar the priest took the brazen censers, wherein they had offered, whom the burning fire had devoured, and beat them into plates, fastening them to the altar:
40 40That the children of Israel might have for the time to come wherewith they should be admonished, that no stranger or any one that is not of seed of Aaron should come near to offer incense to the Lord, lest he should suffer as Core suffered, and all his congregation, according as the Lord spoke to Moses.
41 41The following day all the multitude of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron, saying: You have killed the people of the Lord.
42 42And when there arose a sedition, and the tumult increased,
43 43Moses and Aaron fled to the tabernacle of the covenant. And when the were gone into it, the cloud covered it, and the glory of the Lord appeared.
44 44And the Lord said to Moses:
45 45Get you out from the midst of this multitude, this moment will I destroy them. And as they were lying on the ground,
46 46Moses said to Aaron: Take the censer, and putting fire in it from the altar, put incense upon it, and go quickly to the people to pray for them: for already wrath is gone out from the Lord, and the plague rageth.
47 47When Aaron had done this, and had run to the midst of the multitude which the burning fire was now destroying, he offered the incense:
48 48And standing between the dead and the living, he prayed for the people, and the plague ceased.
49 49And the number of them that were slain was fourteen thousand and seven hundred men, besides them that had perished in the sedition of Core.
50 50And Aaron returned to Moses to the door of the tabernacle of the covenant after the destruction was over.



16:1-35
本章所述的似乎是两件事:一是属宗教性的:科辣黑与一部分圣职人员反对梅瑟和亚郎,尤其反对亚郎;二是属政治性的:达堂、阿彼兰和翁反对梅瑟的权威。作者把这两件事合在一起记述,是因为这两件事都是出於骄傲,都得罪了选拔梅瑟和亚郎的天主,所以都受了天主的显罚。

16:14
剜眼的比喻,是说梅瑟使民众盲目随从,再不知选择。

16:23
关於科辣黑、达堂和阿彼兰的叛逆,见咏106:16-18;德45:22-24;犹11。

16:24
关於科辣黑、达堂和阿彼兰的叛逆,见咏106:16-18;德45:22-24;犹11。



戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 17
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你吩咐司祭亞郎的兒子厄肋阿匝爾,叫他將一切火盤從火堆中取去,把炭火散開,因為這一切都是聖的。 2Speak to the children of Israel, and take of every one of them a rod by their kindreds, of all the princes of the tribes, twelve rods, and write the name of every man upon his rod.
3以這些犯罪喪生者的火盤,打成薄片,用來包蓋祭壇,──因為奉獻在上主面前的火盤已成了聖的,──給以色列子民當作鑑戒。」 3And the name of Aaron shall be for the tribe of Levi, and one rod shall contain all their families:
4厄肋阿匝爾司祭便取出那些被火燒死的人獻過的銅火盤,叫人打成薄片,為包蓋祭壇用, 4And thou shalt lay them up in the tabernacle of the covenant before the testimony, where I will speak to thee.
5為給以色列子民當作警戒,為叫凡不是出於亞郎子孫的俗人,不應前來在上主面前獻香,以免和科辣黑及他的同黨遭受一樣的不幸。他全照上主藉梅瑟對他所吩咐的做了。 5Whomsoever of these I shall choose, his rod shall blossom: and I will make to cease from me the murmurings of the children of Israel, wherewith they murmur against you.
6次日,以色列子民全會眾抱怨梅瑟和亞郎說:「正是你們害死了上主的人民。」 6And Moses spoke to the children of Israel: and all the princes gave him rods one for every tribe: and there were twelve rods besides the rod of Aaron.
7當會眾集合反對梅瑟和亞郎時,他們二人轉向會幕;看,雲彩遮蓋了會幕,上主的榮耀發顯了出來。 7And when Moses had laid them up before the Lord in the tabernacle of the testimony:
8梅瑟和亞郎遂走到會幕前面, 8He returned on the following day, and found that the rod of Aaron for the house of Levi, was budded: and that the buds swelling it had bloomed blossoms, which spreading the leaves, were formed into almonds.
9上主吩咐梅瑟說: 9Moses therefore brought out all the rods from before the Lord to all the children of Israel: and they saw, and every one received their rods.
10「你們快離開這會眾,我要立即消滅他們。」他們遂俯伏在地, 10And the Lord said to Moses: Carry back the rod of Aaron into the tabernacle of the testimony, that it may be kept there for a token of the rebellious children of Israel, and that their complaints may cease from me lest they die.
11然後梅瑟向亞郎說:「你快拿火盤,由祭壇取火放在盤裡,添上乳香,快拿到會眾那裡去,為他們行贖罪禮,因為忿怒已由上主面前發出,災禍已經開始。」 11And Moses did as the Lord had commanded.
12亞郎遂照梅瑟所吩咐的拿了火盤,急忙跑到會眾中;看,災禍已在人民中開始;他遂添上乳香,為人民行贖罪禮, 12And the children of Israel said to Moses: Behold we are consumed, we all perish.
13站在死者和生者之中,直到災禍止息。 13Whosoever approacheth to the tabernacle of the Lord, he dieth. Are we all to a man to be utterly destroyed?
14在這次災禍中死了一萬四千七百,為科辣黑的緣故而死的人,還不在內。 14
15亞郎於是回到會幕門口梅瑟那裡,因為災禍已止息了。 15
16上主訓示梅瑟說: 16
17「你吩咐以色列子民,叫他們每一家族拿一根棍杖,就是每一個領袖為自己家族拿一根,共十二根棍杖,把各人的名字寫在自己的棍杖上; 17
18但在肋未的棍杖上,要寫亞郎的名字,因為為肋未的族長亦應有一根棍杖。 18
19你將這些棍杖放在會幕內,放在約證前,即在我與你常相會的地方。 19
20誰的棍杖開花,誰就是我所揀選的人;這樣,我就平息了以色列子民在我面前抱怨你們的怨言。」 20
21梅瑟於是告訴了以色列子民;他們所有的領袖都交給了他一根棍杖;每一家族中,每個領袖一根,共十二根棍杖;在他們的棍杖中,也有亞郎的棍杖。 21
22梅瑟就將棍杖放在約幕內,放在上主面前。 22
23次日,梅瑟進入約幕內看,肋未家族的亞郎的棍杖發了芽;不但發了芽,而且開了花,結了成熟的杏。 23
24梅瑟就由上主面前取出所有的棍杖,給所有以色列子民觀看;以後各人取回了自己的棍杖。 24
25上主對梅瑟說:「收回亞郎的棍杖來,放在約證前,留給叛逆之徒當作鑑戒,為平息他們對我發的怨言,免得他們死亡。」 25
26梅瑟就這樣作了;上主怎樣吩咐他,他就怎樣做了。 26
27以色列子民對梅瑟申訴說:「看,我們要死了,我們完了!我們全完了! 27
28凡接近上主帳幕的都該死;我們豈不都該死?」 28



17:1-15
本章1-15节,依拉丁通行本属前章。梅瑟吩咐厄肋阿匝尔,而未吩咐亚郎取出火盘,免得大司祭沾染不洁。见肋21:11。

17:7-14
「灾祸」按犹太经师的讲解,和天主教的口传,认为是一种极严重的瘟疫。参阅智18:20-25。大司祭亚郎的地位和责任,在那一天完全显出来了。参见德45:20。

17:19
「约证」即指那两块约版。由於这两块约版常在约柜内,所以有时约证也指约柜。

17:25
旧约中未明言亚郎的棍杖置於约柜中,但希9:4却明言,与盛玛纳的金罐并两块约版,皆置於约柜中。

17:27-28
27-28两节,按文意应与16:35相接,也许後人移置於此,作为下章的引言。

戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 18
1上主對亞郎說:「你和你的兒子,連你的家族,應與你共同對聖所負責;你和你的兒子,應對司祭職負責。 1And the Lord said to Aaron: Thou, and thy sons, and thy father's house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary: and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the sins of your priesthood.
2你也要令你家族的眾兄弟,──肋未支派,與你一同前來;他們應協助你,服事你;當你和你的兒子在約幕前供職時, 2And take with thee thy brethren also of the tribe of Levi, and the sceptre of thy father, and let them be ready in hand, and minister to thee: but thou and thy sons shall minister in the tabernacle of the testimony.
3他們應照料你和全帳幕的事務,但不應接近聖所的器皿和祭壇,不然他們該死,連你們也該死。 3And the Levites shall watch to do thy commands, and about all the works of the tabernacle: only they shall not come nigh the vessels of the sanctuary nor the altar, lest both they die, and you also perish with them.
4他們協助你照料會幕的事務,作會幕的各種勞役,俗人不可接近。 4But let them be with thee, and watch in the charge of the tabernacle, and in all the ceremonies thereof. A stranger shall not join himself with you.
5你們應照料聖所和祭壇的事務,免得義怒降在以色列子民身上。 5Watch ye in the charge of the sanctuary, and in the ministry of the altar: lest indignation rise upon the children of Israel.
6是我由以色列子民中,選拔了你們的兄弟肋未人,交給你們當作獻於上主的人,為給會幕服務。 6I have given you your brethren the Levites from among the children of Israel, and have delivered them for a gift to the Lord, to serve in the ministries of the tabernacle.
7至於你和你的兒子,在有關祭壇和帷幔以內的一切事上,應留心盡你們司祭的職務;你們應獻身於我賜予你們的司祭職務。俗人若敢近前,必處死刑。」 7But thou and thy sons look ye to the priesthood: and all things that pertain to the service of the altar, and that are within the veil, shall be executed by the priests. If any stranger shall approach, he shall be slain.
8上主又對亞郎說:「看,我託你照管獻於我的獻儀,即凡以色列子民祝聖於我的,我都賜給你和你的子孫,作為應得之物,這是永久的權利。 8And the Lord said to Aaron: Behold I have given thee the charge of my firstfruits. All things that are sanctified by the children of Israel, I have delivered to thee and to thy sons for the priestly office, by everlasting ordinances.
9火祭中所剩餘的至聖之物都屬於你;凡他們獻於我的素祭,或贖罪祭,或贖過祭的祭品,都是至聖之物,都應屬於你和你的兒子。 9These therefore shalt thou take of the things that are sanctified, and are offered to the Lord. Every offering, and sacrifice, and whatsoever is rendered to me for sin and for trespass, and becometh holy of holies, shall be for thee and thy sons.
10你們應在至聖之處分食,凡是男子都可以吃;你應視為聖物。 10Thou shalt eat it in the sanctuary: the males only shall eat thereof, because it is a consecrated thing to thee.
11此外歸於你的尚有:凡以色列子民行搖禮所獻的祭品,我都賜給你,你的兒子和與你尚在一起的女兒:這是永久的權利;凡你家內潔淨的人都可以吃。 11But the firstfruits, which the children of Israel shall vow and offer, I have given to thee, and to thy sons, and to thy daughters, by a perpetual law. He that is clean in thy house, shall eat them.
12凡最好的油、酒和五穀,作初熟之物獻給上主的,我都賜給你。 12All the best of the oil, and of the wine, and of the corn, whatsoever firstfruits they offer to the Lord, I have given them to thee.
13凡他們地中的一切出產,作初熟之物獻給上主的,都屬於你;凡你家內潔淨的人都可以吃。 13All the firstripe of the fruits, that the ground bringeth forth, and which are brought to the Lord, shall be for thy use: he that is clean in thy house, shall eat them.
14凡以色列中照禁物法所獻之物,都屬於你。 14Every thing that the children of Israel shall give by vow, shall be thine.
15凡動物中應獻於上主的開胎的首生者,不論是人是獸,都屬於你;但你應叫人贖回首生的人,和首生的不潔之獸。 15Whatsoever is firstborn of all flesh, which they offer to the Lord, whether it be of men, or of beasts, shall belong to thee: only for the firstborn of man thou shalt take a price, and every beast that is unclean thou shalt cause to be redeemed,
16關於贖價,為一月以上的,你應叫人依所定的估價,照聖所的衡量,交五『協刻耳』銀子。(每一『協刻耳』為二十『革辣』。) 16And the redemption of it shall be after one month, for five sicles of silver, by the weight of the sanctuary. A sicle hath twenty obols.
17但是牛或綿羊或山羊的首生者,卻不可令人贖回,因為是聖的;你應將牠們的血灑在祭壇上,將脂肪焚化成煙,作為悅樂上主馨香的火祭。 17But the firstling of a cow and of a sheep and of a goat thou shalt not cause to be redeemed, because they are sanctified to the Lord. Their blood only thou shalt pour upon the altar, and their fat thou shalt burn for a most sweet odour to the Lord.
18至於牛羊的肉卻歸於你,就如搖過的胸脯和右腿歸於你一樣。 18But the flesh shall fall to thy use, as the consecrated breast, and the right shoulder shall be thine.
19凡是以色列子民奉獻與上主為聖物的祭品,我都給你和你的兒子,以及同你尚在一起的女兒:這是永久的權利,這是在上主前,與你的後裔所訂立的永久不變的鹽約。」 19All the firstfruits of the sanctuary which the children of Israel offer to the Lord, I have given to thee and to thy sons and daughters, by a perpetual ordinance. It is a covenant of salt for ever before the Lord, to thee and to thy sons.
20上主對亞郎說:「在你們的土地中,你不可有產業,在他們當中,也不得有屬於你的份子;在以色列子民中,我是你的份子,你的產業。 20And the Lord said to Aaron: You shall possess nothing in their land, neither shall you have a portion among them: I am thy portion and inheritance in the midst of the children of Israel.
21至於肋未的子孫,我將以色列人的什一之物給他們做產業:這是為酬報他們在會幕內所服的勞役。 21And I have given to the sons of Levi all the tithes of Israel for a possession for the ministry wherewith they serve me in the tabernacle of the covenant:
22免得以色列子民接近會幕,負罪死亡; 22That the children of Israel may not approach any more to the tabernacle, nor commit deadly sin,
23因此只有肋未人准在會幕內服役,應負全責。這為你們世世代代是一條永久的條例:肋未人在以色列子民中不應佔有產業, 23But only the sons of Levi may serve me in the tabernacle, and bear the sins of the people. It shall be an everlasting ordinance in your generations. They shall not possess any other thing,
24因為我把以色列子民獻給上主的什一獻儀,給了肋未人作為產業;所以我對他們說:他們在以色列子民中,不應佔有產業。」 24But be content with the oblation or tithes, which I have separated for their uses and necessities.
25上主訓示梅瑟說: 25And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
26「你告訴肋未人說:幾時你們由以色列子民中,取得了我賜予你們作為產業的什一之物,你們應由這什一之物中,取十分之一獻給上主, 26Command the Levites, and declare unto them: When you shall receive of the children of Israel the tithes, which I have given you, offer the firstfruits of them to the Lord, that is to say, the tenth part of the tenth:
27這算是你們的獻儀,好似禾場上的新糧和榨房中的新酒。 27That it may be reckoned to you as an oblation of firstfruits, as well of the barnfloors as of the winepresses:
28這樣你們也由以色列子民所收的一切什一之物中,取一份獻給上主作獻儀,應將這獻與上主的獻儀,交給亞郎大司祭。 28And of all the things of which you receive tithes, offer the firstfruits to the Lord, and give them to Aaron the priest.
29由你們所得的一切獻儀中,應取出獻於上主的一切獻儀,且應取出最好的來,獻作應祝聖的一份。 29All the things that you shall offer of the tithes, and shall separate for the gifts of the Lord, shall be the best and choicest things.
30你再對他們說:幾時你們奉獻了其中最好的一份,其餘的為你們肋未人就如禾場上和榨房內的出品, 30And thou shalt say to them: If you offer all the goodly and the better things of the tithes, it shall be reckoned to you as if you had given the firstfruits of the barnfloor and the winepress:
31你們和你們的家人,可在任何地方分食,因為這是你們在會幕內服役所得的報酬。 31And you shall eat them in all your places, both you and your families: because it is your reward for the ministry, wherewith you serve in the tabernacle of the testimony.
32如果你們奉獻了其中最好的一份,就不致於有罪;你們不應褻瀆以色列子民的祝聖之物,免遭死亡。」 32And you shall not sin in this point, by reserving the choicest and fat things to yourselves, lest you profane the oblations of the children of Israel, and die.



18:1-7
见3:16和希7:26-28。

18:10
「至圣之处」指会幕前的庭院。见肋10:12-13。

18:14
禁物法即应毁灭之物所遵守的法令。见肋27:28-29;申7:16;户21:2-3;苏7;厄上10:8等。

18:19
「永久不变的盐约」见肋2:13。盐可保持食物不朽,故此古代民族多以「盐」象徵永久性,故称不可变更的盟约为「盐约」。

18:20-32
本段记述肋未人所应得的什一之物和所应献的什一之物。本段内所述似乎是最古老的规则,日後稍有变更。见35:1-8;申14:28-29; 26:12。







戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 19
1上主訓示梅瑟和亞郎說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
2「這是上主製定的法律,他這樣命令說:你吩咐以色列子民,給你牽一頭無瑕,身上沒有殘缺,且沒有負過軛的紅母牛來。 2This is the observance of the victim, which the Lord hath ordained. Command the children of Israel, that they bring unto thee a red cow of full age, in which there is no blemish, and which hath not carried the yoke:
3你們應將牛交給厄肋阿匝爾司祭,牽到營外,在他面前殺了。 3And you shall deliver her to Eleazar the priest, who shall bring her forth without the camp, and shall immolate her in the sight of all:
4厄肋阿匝爾司祭用手指蘸些牛血,七次向會幕的前面灑血。 4And dipping his finger in her blood, shall sprinkle it over against the door of the tabernacle seven times,
5以後在他眼前將牛焚燒;牛的皮、肉、血連糞,一起焚燒。 5And shall burn her in the sight of all, delivering up to the fire her skin, and her flesh, and her blood, and her dung.
6同時司祭應取香柏木、牛膝草和朱紅線,扔在燒牛的火內。 6The priest shall also take cedar wood, and hyssop, and scarlet twice dyed, and cast it into the flame, with which the cow is consumed.
7以後司祭應洗自己的衣服,用水洗身,然後纔可以回營;但直到晚上,司祭仍然不潔。 7And then after washing his garments, and body, he shall enter into the camp, and shall be unclean until the evening.
8那焚燒牛的人,也應洗自己的衣服,用水洗身,但直到晚上仍然不潔。 8He also that hath burned her, shall wash his garments, and his body, and shall be unclean until the evening.
9另一位潔凈的人收起牛灰,放在營外潔凈的地方,為以色列子民會眾留下作取潔水之用,因為這原是贖罪祭。 9And a man that is clean shall gather up the ashes of the cow, and shall pour them forth without the camp in a most clean place, that they may be reserved for the multitude of the children of Israel, and for a water of aspersion: because the cow was burnt for sin.
10那收斂牛灰的人,應洗自己的衣服,且直到晚上不潔:這為以色列子民和僑居在你們中的外方人,是一條永久的法律。 10And when he that carried the ashes of the cow, hath washed his garments, he shall be unclean until the evening. The children of Israel, and the strangers that dwell among them, shall observe this for a holy thing by a perpetual ordinance.
11凡摸了任何人屍體的,七天之久不潔。 11He that toucheth the corpse of a man, and is therefore unclean seven days,
12第三日和第七日,他應用那水取潔,他纔潔凈;若在第三日和第七日上不取潔,他仍然不潔。 12Shall be sprinkled with this water on the third day, and on the seventh, and so shall be cleansed. If he were not sprinkled on the third day, he cannot be cleansed on the seventh.
13任何人摸了屍首,即死人的身體,而不取潔,便玷污了上主的居所,這人應由以色列中剷除,因為取潔水沒有灑在他身上,他仍然不潔,不潔仍留在他身上。 13Every one that toucheth the corpse of a man, and is not sprinkled with mixture, shall profane the tabernacle of the Lord, and shall perish out of Israel: because he was not sprinkled with the water of expiation, he shall be unclean, and his uncleanness shall remain upon him.
14幾時在帳幕內死了一人,有這樣的規定:凡進這帳幕,和所有在帳幕的人,七天之久不潔; 14This is the law of a man that dieth in a tent: All that go into his tent and all the vessels that are there, shall be unclean seven days.
15一切開著口,沒有蓋上蓋的器皿,都成了不潔的。 15The vessel that hath no cover, nor binding over it, shall be unclean.
16凡在田野間摸了一個為刀所害,或自死的人,或人的骨骸,或墳墓的人,七天之久不潔。 16If any man in the field touch the corpse of a man that was slain, or that died of himself, or his bone, or his grave, he shall be unclean seven days.
17為這樣不潔的人,應取些贖罪祭燒成的灰,放在一器皿內,倒上活水。 17And they shall take of the ashes of the burning and of the sin offering, and shall pour living waters upon them into a vessel.
18然後一潔凈的人拿牛膝草浸在水內,灑在帳幕上和其內的一切器皿並人身上,以及灑在那摸過骨骸或被害死的,或自死的,或墳墓的人身上。 18And a man that is clean shall dip hyssop in them, and shall sprinkle therewith all the tent, and all the furniture, and the men that are defiled with touching any such thing:
19那潔凈的人應在第三日和第七日上,灑那不潔淨的人,到第七日纔能使他潔淨;那人還應洗自己的衣服,在水中沐浴,到晚上就潔淨了。 19And in this manner he that is clean shall purify the unclean on the third and on the seventh day. And being expiated the seventh day, he shall wash both himself and his garments, and be unclean until the evening.
20誰成了不潔的而不取潔,這人應由會眾中剷除,因為他玷污了上主的聖所,因取潔水沒有灑在他身上,他仍然不潔。 20If any man be not expiated after this rite, his soul shall perish out of the midst of the church: because he hath profaned the sanctuary of the Lord, and was not sprinkled with the water of purification.
21這為你們是一條永久的法律。那灑取潔水的,應洗自己的衣服;凡觸摸取潔水的,直到晚上不潔。 21This precept shall be an ordinance for ever. He also that sprinkled the water, shall wash his garments. Every one that shall touch the waters of expiation, shall be unclean until the evening.
22凡不潔的人摸過的東西,也成了不潔的;與之接觸的人,也直到晚上不潔。」 22Whatsoever a person toucheth who is unclean, he shall make it unclean: and the person that toucheth any of these things, shall be unclean until the evening.



19:1-6
各宗教皆以水洗表示净化的意义。为使水有净化的能力,先应使水圣化或净化,然後 可使用。本章所记的,以红母牛作赎罪祭烧成的灰,撒在水中,即是使水圣化,或净化,使之成取洁水(31:23; 5:17-18)。母牛应用红色的,是为叫人连想到血,因为血是赎罪的先决条件(希9:22)。圣保禄在希9:13解释了本段经文的深意。

19:9
见肋4:11-12和希9:13;本章17节说明了它的用途。

19:10-13
上主的居所,不只在圣所内,而且也在以色列民所住的营幕内。见5:3。本章只提出触摸 体的例子,可能是因为在一切不洁的法律中,除了癞病以外,触摸 体算是最严重的了。

19:17-18
17,18两节所规定的取洁礼,颇似癞病的取洁礼(肋14:4-5;申21:1-5)。




戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 20
1以色列子民全會眾於正月來到了親曠野,人民就在卡德士住下了。米黎盎在那裡死了,也就埋葬在那裡。 1And the children of Israel, and all the multitude came into the desert of Sin, in the first month: and the people abode in Cades. And Mary died there, and was buried in the same place.
2會眾沒有水喝,就聚在一起反抗梅瑟和亞郎。 2And the people wanting water, came together against Moses and Aaron:
3民眾同梅瑟爭辯說:「巴不得我們的兄弟在上主面前死去時,我們也死了! 3And making a sedition, they said: Would God we had perished among our brethren before the Lord.
4為什麼你們領上主的會眾來到這曠野裡,叫我們和我們的牲畜都死在這裡? 4Why have you brought out the church of the Lord into the wilderness, that both we and our cattle should die?
5為什麼你們使我們由埃及上來,領我們來到這樣壞的地方?這地方不但沒有糧食,沒有無花果,沒有葡萄,沒有石榴,而且連喝的水也沒有!」 5Why have you made us come up out of Egypt, and have brought us into this wretched place which cannot be sowed, nor bringeth forth figs, nor vines, nor pomegranates, neither is there any water to drink?
6梅瑟和亞郎遂離開會眾,來到會幕門口,俯伏在地;上主的榮耀遂發顯給他們。 6And Moses and Aaron leaving the multitude, went into the tabernacle of the covenant, and fell flat upon the ground, and cried to the Lord, and said: O Lord God, hear the cry of this people, and open to them thy treasure, a fountain of living water, that being satisfied, they may cease to murmur. And the glory of the Lord appeared over them.
7上主吩咐梅瑟說: 7And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
8「你拿上棍杖,然後你和你的兄弟亞郎召集會眾,當著他們眼前對這磐石發命,叫磐石流水。這樣你便可使水由磐石中給他們流出,給會眾和他們的牲畜喝。」 8Take the rod, and assemble the people together, thou and Aaron thy brother, and speak to the rock before them, and it shall yield waters. And when thou hast brought forth water out of the rock, all the multitude and their cattle shall drink.
9梅瑟就照上主吩咐他的,由上主面前拿了棍杖。 9Moses therefore took the rod, which was before the Lord, as he had commanded him,
10梅瑟和亞郎召集會眾來到磐石前,對他們說:「你們這些叛徒,聽著!我們豈能從這磐石中給你們引出水來?」 10And having gathered together the multitude before the rock, he said to them: Hear, ye rebellious and incredulous: Can we bring you forth water out of this rock?
11梅瑟遂舉起手來,用棍杖打了磐石兩次,纔有大量的水湧出,會眾和他們的牲畜都喝夠了。 11And when Moses had lifted up his hand, and struck the rock twice with the rod, there came forth water in great abundance, so that the people and their cattle drank,
12上主卻對梅瑟和亞郎說:「因為你們沒有相信我,使我在以色列子民眼前被尊為聖,所以你們不得領這會眾進入我賜給他們的土地。」 12And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron: Because you have not believed me, to sanctify me before the children of Israel, you shall not bring these people into the land, which I will give them.
13這就是默黎巴水的來歷,因為以色列子民在那裡與上主爭辯過,上主因而顯示了自己的聖德。 13This is the Water of contradiction, where the children of Israel strove with words against the Lord, and he was sanctified in them.
14梅瑟由卡德士派遣使者去見厄東王說:「你的兄弟以色列這樣說:你知道我們所遭遇的一切困難。 14In the mean time Moses sent messengers from Cades to the king of Edom, to say: Thus saith thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the labour that hath come upon us:
15我們的祖先下到了埃及。我們在埃及住了很久,埃及人虐待了我們和我們的祖先。 15In what manner our fathers went down into Egypt, and there we dwelt a long time, and the Egyptians afflicted us and our fathers.
16我們曾向上主呼號,他俯聽了我們的呼聲,派來了一位使者,領我們出離了埃及。看,我們現在就在你邊境上的卡德士城, 16And how we cried to the Lord, and he heard us, and sent an angel, who hath brought us out of Egypt. Lo, we are now in the city of Cades, which is in the uttermost of thy borders,
17求你讓我們由你境內經過;我們決不會踏過莊田或葡萄園,也不喝井裡的水,只走王道,不偏右,也不偏左;直至走過你的國境。」 17And we beseech thee that we may have leave to pass through thy country. We will not go through the fields, nor through the vineyards, we will not drink the waters of thy wells, but we will go by the common highway, neither turning aside to the right hand, nor to the left, till we are past thy borders.
18厄東卻答覆說:「不准你由我這裡經過,不然,我要以刀相迎。」 18And Edom answered them: Thou shalt not pass by me: if thou dost I will come out armed against thee.
19以色列子民再對他說:「我們只沿大路走,我們和我們的牲畜若喝了你的水,我們願付錢;只求步行經過這點小事。」 19And the children of Israel said: We will go by the beaten way: and if we and our cattle drink of thy waters, we will give thee what is just: there shall be no difficulty in the price, only let us pass speedily.
20他仍然說:「不准你經過。」厄東即領大隊人馬和武裝部隊出迎。 20But he answered: Thou shalt not pass. And immediately he came forth to meet them with an infinite multitude, and a strong hand,
21厄東既然不讓以色列由他境內經過,以色列就從那裡折回。 21Neither would he condescend to their desire to grant them passage through his borders. Wherefore Israel turned another way from him.
22以色列子民全會眾由卡德士起程,來到了曷爾山。 22And when they had removed the camp from Cades, they came to mount Her, which is in the borders of the land of Edom:
23在厄東國界的曷爾山上,上主對梅瑟和亞郎說: 23Where the Lord spoke to Moses:
24「亞郎要歸到他祖先那裡去;他不能進入我賜給以色列子民的地方,因為你們在默黎巴取水的事上,違背了我的訓令。 24Let Aaron, saith he, go to his people: for he shall not go into the land which I have given the children of Israel, because he was incredulous to my words, at the waters of contradiction.
25你帶亞郎和他的兒子厄肋阿匝爾,一同上曷爾山上去, 25Take Aaron and his son with him, and bring them up into mount Hor:
26將亞郎的長袍脫下,給他的兒子厄肋阿匝爾穿上,因為亞郎要被召歸去,死在那裡。」 26And when thou hast stripped the father of his vesture, thou shalt vest therewith Eleazar his son: Aaron shall be gathered to his people, and die there.
27梅瑟就照上主吩咐的做了。當著全會眾的面,他們上了曷爾山。 27Moses did as the Lord had commanded: and they went up into mount Hor before all the multitude.
28梅瑟把亞郎的長袍脫下,給他的兒子厄肋阿匝爾穿上,亞郎就在山頂死了。以後梅瑟和厄肋阿匝爾由山上下來。 28And when he had stripped Aaron of his vestments, he vested Eleazar his son with them.
29全會眾知道亞郎死了,以色列全家為亞郎舉哀三十天。 29And Aaron being dead in the top of the mountain, he came down with Eleazar.
30 30And all the multitude seeing that Aaron was dead, mourned for him thirty days throughout all their families.



20:1
「正月」大概是指出埃及後第叁年的正月。

20:3
民众的话暗示11:33; 16:31-35中所记述的事。

20:4-13
解经学家多以为梅瑟因没有全心信赖天主,打了两次磐石,水 流出来。故此天主惩罚他,不让他领以色列进入许地;但是也有不少解经家,以为梅瑟和亚郎犯了另一种更大的罪,使天主如此严厉地惩罚了他们。天主的「圣德」包含天主的一切美德,特别指他的超越性、忠信和正义;本节特指天主的正义而言。

20:14-21
厄东民族为厄撒乌的後代,所以与以色列有兄弟的关系。见创36。16节的「使者」;是指上主的使者。见出14:19; 23:20; 32:34。「王道」指古代最着名的从叙利亚到埃及经过旷野的一条大路,与这条大路相对的,还有一条「海道」;即从叙利亚沿地中海岸,而通往埃及的一条大路。见玛4:12-16。

20:22-29
按若瑟夫的记载,曷尔山离贝特辣城不远,即现今阿剌伯人所称的「亚郎先知山」;按申10:6的记载,亚郎在摩色辣山去世。摩色辣或即曷尔山之一山峰。关於亚郎的尊位和德行,参阅希9:4,咏115:10-12; 118:3; 99:6;德45:6-22。关於亚郎的司祭职与基督的司祭职的比较,见希5:1-9; 7:1-9,28。

戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 21
1客納罕人的阿辣得王,其時住在乃革布,聽說以色列人沿阿塔陵路前來,就與以色列人交戰,擄去了一些人。 1And when king Arad the Chanaanite, who dwelt towards the south, had heard this, to wit, that Israel was come by the way of the spies, he fought against them, and overcoming them carried off their spoils.
2以色列人於是向上主許願說:「你若將這人民交在我手內,我必將他們的城毀滅。」 2But Israel binding himself by vow to the Lord, said: It thou wilt deliver this people into my hand, I will utterly destroy their cities.
3上主遂聽了以色列人的請求,將客納罕人交在他們手裡,以色列人就毀滅了他們和他們的城;人遂給那地方起名叫曷爾瑪。 3And the Lord heard the prayers of Israel, and delivered up the Chanaanite, and they cut them off and destroyed their cities: and they called the name of that place Horma, that is to say, Anathema.
4他們由曷爾山沿紅海的路起程出發,繞過厄東地;在路上人民已不耐煩, 4And they marched from mount Hor, by the way that leadeth to the Red Sea, to compass the land of Edom. And the people began to be weary of their journey and labour:
5抱怨天主和梅瑟說:「你們為什麼領我們由埃及上來死在曠野?這裡沒有糧食,又沒有水,我們對這輕淡的食物已感厭惡。」 5And speaking against God and Moses, they said: Why didst thou bring us out of Egypt, to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, nor have we any waters: our soul now loatheth this very light food.
6上主遂打發火蛇到人民中來,咬死了許多以色列人。 6Wherefore the Lord sent among the people fiery serpents, which bit them and killed many of them.
7人民於是來到梅瑟前說:「我們犯了罪,抱怨了上主和你;請你轉求上主,給我們趕走這些蛇。」梅瑟遂為人民轉求。 7Upon which they came to Moses, and said: We have sinned, because we have spoken against the Lord and thee: pray that he may take away these serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.
8上主對梅瑟說:「你做一條火蛇,懸在木竿上;凡是被咬的,一瞻仰牠,必得生存。」 8And the Lord said to him: Make brazen serpent, and set it up for a sign: whosoever being struck shall look on it, shall live.
9梅瑟遂做了一條銅蛇,懸在木竿上;那被蛇咬了的人,一瞻仰銅蛇,就保存了生命。 9Moses therefore made a brazen serpent, and set it up for a sign: which when they that were bitten looked upon, they were healed.
10以色列子民再起程出發,在敖波特紮了營; 10And the children of Israel setting forwards camped in Oboth.
11由敖波特又出發,在依耶阿巴陵,即在面朝摩阿布東邊的曠野內紮了營。 11And departing thence they pitched their tents in Jeabarim, in the wilderness, that faceth Moab toward the east.
12由那裡又出發,在則勒得河旁紮了營。 12And removing from thence, they came to the torrent Zared:
13由那裡又出發,在阿爾農北岸紮了營。這條河是在曠野中,由阿摩黎人的邊境流出;阿爾農就是摩阿布的邊界,介於摩阿布和阿摩黎之間。 13Which they left and encamped over against Arnon, which is in the desert and standeth out on the borders of the Amorrhite. For Arnon is the border of Moab, dividing the Moabites and the Amorrhites.
14為此在「上主的戰書」上說「……在穌法的瓦赫布和阿爾農山谷, 14Wherefore it is said in the book of the wars of the Lord: As he did in the Red Sea, so will he do in the streams of Amen.
15以及山谷的斜坡;這斜坡伸展到阿爾地區,緊靠摩阿布的邊境。」 15The rocks of the torrents were bowed down that they might rest in Ar, and lie down in the borders of the Moabites.
16由那裡他們到了貝爾,那裡有口井,上主曾指這井對梅瑟說:「你召集人民,我要賜給他們水喝。」 16When they went from that place, the well appeared whereof the Lord said to Moses: Gather the people together, and I will give them water.
17那時以色列人就唱了這首歌說:「井,湧出水來!你們應對它歌唱! 17Then Israel sung this song: Let the well spring up. They sung thereto:
18這井是領袖挖掘的,是民間的貴人,以權杖和棍棒挖鑿的。」他們由曠野到瑪塔納; 18The well, which the princes dug, and the chiefs of the people prepared by the direction of the lawgiver, and with their staves. And they marched from the wilderness to Mathana.
19由瑪塔納到了納哈里耳;由納哈里耳到了巴摩特; 19From Mathana unto Nahaliel: from Nahaliel unto Bamoth.
20由巴摩特到了摩阿布田野的山谷,到了俯瞰荒野的丕斯加高峰。 20From Bamoth, is a valley in the country of Moab, to the top of Phasga, which looked towards the desert.
21以色列人派遣使者到阿摩黎人的君王息紅前說: 21And Israel sent messengers to Sehon king of the Amorrhites, saying:
22「請讓我由你國內經過;我們決不闖入莊田或葡萄園,也不喝井中的水,只沿王道而行,直至走過你的國境。」 22I beseech thee that I may have leave to pass through thy land: we will not go aside into the fields or the vineyards, we will not drink waters of the wells, we will go the king's highway, till we be past thy borders.
23息紅卻不讓以色列人經過他的國境;且調集自己所有的人民,往曠野裡去對抗以色列人;一來到雅哈茲,就與以色列交戰。 23And he would not grant that Israel should pass by his borders: but rather gathering an army, went forth to meet them in the desert, and came to Jasa, and fought against them.
24以色列人用刀劍將他擊敗,佔領了他的國境,自阿爾農河直到雅波克河,直到阿孟子民那裡,因為雅則爾是阿孟子民的邊界。 24And he was slain by them with the edge of the sword, and they possessed his land from the Arnon unto the Jeboc, and to the confines of the children of Ammon: for the borders of the Ammonites, were kept with a strong garrison.
25如此以色列人佔領了那裡所有的城鎮,就住在阿摩黎人所有的城鎮內,並住在赫市朋及其附屬城內。 25So Israel took all his cities, and dwelt in the cities of the Amorrhite, to wit, in Hesebon, and in the villages thereof.
26赫市朋原是阿摩黎人王息紅的都城。息紅與前任摩阿布王交戰,佔領了他所有的土地,直到阿爾農河。 26Hesebon was the city of Sehon the king of the Amorrhites, who fought against the king of Moab: and took all the land, that had been of his dominions, as far as the Arnon.
27為此詩人吟詠說:「你們到修建鞏固的赫市朋去,那穩固的息紅城; 27Therefore it is said in the proverb: Come into Hesebon, let the city of Sehon be built and set up:
28因為由赫市朋發出了火,從息紅的城冒出了火焰,吞滅了摩阿布的阿爾,消滅了阿爾農的高丘。 28A fire is gone out of Hesebon, a flame from the city of Sehon, and hath consumed Ar of the Moabites, and the inhabitants of the high places of the Arnon.
29禍哉,摩阿布!革摩士的人民,你已滅亡!他的兒子已逃亡,女兒已被俘,交給了阿摩黎人的君王息紅。 29Woe to thee Moab: thou art undone, O people of Chamos. He hath given his sons to flight, and his daughters into captivity to Sehon the king of the Amorrhites.
30但我們一襲擊他們,赫市朋直到狄朋,盡成廢墟;我們蹂躪一切……直到諾法黑,直到默德巴。」 30Their yoke is perished from Hesebon unto Dibon, they came weary to Nophe, and unto Medaba.
31這樣以色列人就住在阿摩黎人的區域內。 31So Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorrhite.
32梅瑟又派人去偵探雅則爾;他們佔領了這城及其附屬城鎮,驅逐了那裡的阿摩黎人。 32And Moses sent some to take a view of Jazer: and they took the villages of it, and conquered the inhabitants.
33以後前進,上了往巴商的路。巴商王敖格同他全國的人民,就出來對抗他們,在厄德勒與他們交戰。 33And they turned themselves, and went up by the way of Basan, and Og the king of Basan came against them with all his people, to fight in Edrai.
34上主對梅瑟說:「不必怕他,因為我已將他,他的一切人民和國土,都交在你手裡了;你要待他,如同對待住在赫市朋的阿摩黎人的君王息紅一樣。」 34And the Lord said to Moses: Fear him not, for I have delivered him and all his people, and his country into thy hand: and thou shalt do to him as thou didst to Sehon the king of the Amorrhites, the inhabitant of Hesebon.
35他們擊殺了他,他的兒子和他所有的人民,沒有剩下一個;遂佔據了他的國土。 35So they slew him also with his sons, and all his people, not letting any one escape, and they possessed his land.



21:1-3
阿辣得城位於赫贝龙南约叁十公里,见33:40;苏12:14;民1:16;阿塔陵位於何处不详。关於毁灭愿,参阅肋27:28-29;申7:26等处。

21:4
「红海」在此是指阿加巴海湾。

21:9
此铜蛇直到希则克雅王时仍保存於耶路撒冷圣殿内,见列下18:4;此铜蛇预兆被钉十字架上的耶稣。见若12:32-33; 19:37,和智16:7。

21:10-15
本章所记的路程表与33章有不同之处,这是因为以色列人民分队进行的原故。「上主的战书」或者与苏10:13;撒下1:18 所记的「壮士书」相同。14-15两节所记的古诗似乎是记述以色列人占领了摩阿布的西南领域。

21:16-20
因为「贝尔」意谓「井」;作者便记起另一首关於掘井的古诗。19-20两节所记的地名,大概都在摩阿布的领域内。

21:21-30
关於息红和赫市朋的记载,除此处外,见申1:4; 2:24,26,30; 3:2等。27-30节内所记的诗歌,先叙述昔日阿摩黎人和摩阿布人交战的事,後咏赞以民的凯旋。革摩士即摩阿布人所崇拜的最高神明。见耶48:7,13-15等。

21:31-35
阿摩黎民族的来历,和居住的地方,是一个很复杂的问题。他们大概是属於含族,而不属於闪族。有些住在赫特人民中,有些住在乃革布,杂於客纳罕人中。见创14:7。
戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 22
1以色列子民再起程出發,在約但東邊的摩阿布曠野中,對著耶里哥城紮了營。 1And they went forward and encamped in the plains of Moab, over against where Jericho is situate beyond the Jordan.
2漆頗爾的兒子巴拉克,見了以色列對阿摩黎人所做的一切; 2And Balac the son of Sephor, seeing all that Israel had done to the Amorrhite,
3摩阿布人十分怕這民族,因為他們眾多;摩阿布人對以色列子民大起恐慌, 3And that the Moabites were in great fear of him, and were not able to sustain his assault,
4於是對米德楊的長老說:「現在這群人要吞併我們四周的一切,有如牛吃盡田間的青草。」漆頗爾的兒子巴拉克,其時正是摩阿布的君王, 4He said to the elders of Madian: So will this people destroy all that dwell in our borders, as the ox is wont to eat the grass to the very roots. Now he was at that time king in Moab.
5遂遣使者往幼發拉的河阿瑪伍人之地的培托爾去,見貝敖爾的兒子巴郎,請他說:「看,由埃及來了一個民族,遮蓋了地面,現今正住在我的對面。 5He sent therefore messengers to Balaam the son of Beer, a soothsayer, who dwelt by the river of the land of the children of Ammon, to call him, and to say: Behold a people is come out of Egypt, that hath covered the face of the earth, sitting over against me.
6現在請你來,替我咒罵這民族,因為他們比我強大,或許這樣我能將他們擊敗,從此地趕走;因為我知道,你祝福的,必蒙祝福;你咒罵的,必蒙咒罵。」 6Come therefore, and curse this people, because it is mightier than I: if by any means I may beat them and drive them out of my land: for I know that he whom thou shalt bless is blessed, and he whom thou shalt curse is cursed.
7摩阿布和米德楊的長老於是帶著卜金去了;到了巴郎那裡,將巴拉克的話告訴了他。 7And the ancients of Moab, and the elders of Madian, went with the price of divination in their hands. And when they were come to Balaam, and had told him all the words of Balac:
8他回答他們說:「今夜你們在這裡過夜,我要依照上主吩咐我的話答覆你們。」這樣,摩阿布的縉紳就在巴郎那裡住下了。 8He answered: Tarry here this night, and I will answer whatsoever the Lord shall say to me. And while they stayed with Balaam, God came and said to him:
9天主來到巴郎那裡說:「與你在一起的是些什麼人?」 9What mean these men that are with thee?
10巴郎答覆天主說:「是摩阿布的君王,漆頗爾的兒子巴拉克,打發些人來告訴我說: 10He answered: Balac the son of Sephor king of the Moabites hath sent to me,
11看從埃及來了一個民族,遮蓋了地面,現在請你來替我咒罵他們,使我或許能與他們交戰,將他們驅逐。」 11Saying: Behold a people that is come out of Egypt, hath covered the face of the land: come and curse them, if by any means I may fight with them and drive them away.
12天主對巴郎說:「你不可與他們同去,你不可咒罵這民族,因為他們是受祝福的。」 12And God said to Balaam: Thou shalt not go with them, nor shalt thou curse the people: because it is blessed.
13巴郎早晨起來就對巴拉克的縉紳說:「你們回本國去罷!因為上主不許我同你們一起去。」 13And he rose in the morning and said to the princes: Go into your country, because the Lord hath forbid me to come with you.
14摩阿布的縉紳就起身回到巴拉克那裡說:「巴郎不願同我們一起來。」 14The princes returning, said to Balac: Balaam would not come with us.
15巴拉克於是又派比以前更多更尊貴的縉紳去。 15Then he sent many more and more noble than he had sent before:
16他們去見巴郎,對他說:「漆頗爾的兒子巴拉克這樣說:請你不要推辭到我這裡來, 16Who, when they were come to Balaam, said: Thus saith Balac the son of Sephor, Delay not to come to me:
17因為我必豐富地酬謝你。凡你要的,我都照辦;只要你前來,替我咒罵這民族。」 17For I am ready to honour thee, and will give thee whatsoever thou wilt: come and curse this people.
18巴郎答覆巴拉克的使臣說:「即使巴拉克給我滿屋的金銀,我也不能做任何大小的事,違犯上主我天主的命令。 18Balaam answered: If Balac would give me his house full of silver and gold, I cannot alter the word of the Lord my God, to speak either more or less.
19現在,請你們今夜也在這裡住下,看看上主還要對我說什麼。」 19I pray you to stay here this night also, that I may know what the Lord will answer me once more.
20夜間天主來到巴郎那裡,對他說:「這些人既然來邀請你,你就起身同他們去罷!但是你只應做我吩咐你的事。」 20God therefore came to Balaam in the night, and said to him: It these men be come to call thee, arise and go with them: yet so, that thou do what I shall command thee.
21巴郎早晨起來,備好驢,就同摩阿布的縉紳一起去了。 21Balaam arose in the morning, and saddling his ass went with them.
22因為他起身走了,天主發了怒;上主的使者在路上擋住他的去路。當時他騎著驢,還有兩個童僕跟著。 22And God was angry. And an angel of the Lord stood in the way against Balaam, who sat on the ass, and had two servants with him.
23那驢一看見上主的使者,持著拔出的刀站在路上,就離開正路,走入田中去了。巴郎便打那驢,要牠回到路上。 23The ass seeing the angel standing in the way, with a drawn sword, turned herself out of the way, and went into the field. And when Balaam beat her, and had a mind to bring her again to the way,
24以後,上主的使者又站在葡萄園間的窄路上,兩面有牆。 24The angel stood in a narrow place between two walls, wherewith the vineyards were enclosed.
25那驢一見上主的使者,就緊靠著牆,將巴郎的腳擠在牆上,他又打了那驢。 25And the ass seeing him, thrust herself close to the wall, and bruised the foot of the rider. But he beat her again:
26上主的使者又往前行,站在窄狹的地方,左右無路可走, 26And nevertheless the angel going on to a narrow place, where there was no way to turn aside either to the right hand or to the left, stood to meet him.
27那驢又見上主的使者,遂趴在巴郎下;巴郎大怒,用棍杖打那驢。 27And when the ass saw the angel standing, she fell under the feet of the rider: who being angry beat her sides more vehemently with a staff.
28上主遂開了驢的口,對巴郎說:「我對你作了什麼?你竟三次打我?」 28And the Lord opened the mouth of the ass, and she said: What have I done to thee? Why strikest thou me, lo, now this third time?
29巴郎回答那驢說:「因為你玩弄我。我若手中有刀,早殺了你。」 29Balaam answered: Because thou hast deserved it, and hast served me ill: I would I had a sword that I might kill thee.
30那驢對巴郎說:「我不是你從起初直到今日所騎的驢嗎?平常我是否對你這樣做?」他回答說:「不」。 30The ass said: Am not I thy beast, on which thou hast been always accustomed to ride until this present day? tell me if I ever did the like thing to thee. But he said: Never.
31上主遂開了巴郎的眼,使他看見上主的使者,手持拔出的刀站在路上,他就躬身俯伏在地。 31Forthwith the Lord opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the angel standing in the way with a drawn sword, and he worshipped him falling flat on the ground.
32上主的使者對他說:「你為什麼三次打你的驢?看,是我出來擋路,因為你走的這路,在我面前是邪路。 32And the angel said to him: Why beatest thou thy ass these three times? I am come to withstand thee, because thy way is perverse, and contrary to me:
33驢看見了我,就在我面前迴避了三次;幸虧牠迴避了我,不然我早殺了你,只留下了牠。」 33And unless the ass had turned out of the way, giving place to me who stood against thee, I had slain thee, and she should have lived.
34巴郎於是對上主的使者說:「我犯了罪,因為我不知道是你站在路上攔阻我。現在,如果你以為不對,我就回去好了。」 34Balaam said: I have sinned, not knowing that thou didst stand against me: and now if it displease thee that I go, I will return.
35上主的使者對巴郎說;「你同這些人去罷!但是你只應說我吩咐你的話。」巴郎於是同巴拉克的縉紳一起去了。 35The angel said: Go with these men, and see thou speak no other thing than what I shall command thee. He went therefore with the princes.
36巴拉克聽說巴郎來了,就到阿爾摩阿布──此城臨近阿爾農河邊,在國界的盡頭,──去迎接他。 36And when Balac heard it he came forth to meet him in a town of the Moabites, that is situate in the uttermost borders of Arnon.
37巴拉克對巴郎說:「我不是派遣了使者去請你?你為什麼不到我這裡來,莫非我不能酬報你?」 37And he said to Balaam: I sent messengers to call thee, why didst thou not come immediately to me? was it because I am not able to reward thy coming?
38巴郎答覆巴拉克說:「看,我已到你這裡來了,但我能隨便說什麼嗎?我只能說天主吩咐我說的話。」 38He answered him: Lo, here I am: shall I have power to speak any other thing but that which God shall put in my mouth?
39巴郎遂同巴拉克起身,來到了克黎雅特胡祚特。 39So they went on together, and came into a city, that was in the uttermost borders of his kingdom.
40巴拉克祭殺了牛羊,餽送給巴郎和同他在一起的縉紳。 40And when Balac had killed oxen and sheep, he sent presents to Balaam, and to the princes that were with him.
41到了次日早晨,巴拉克領巴郎上了巴摩特巴耳去,從那裡能看到一部分以色列人民。 41And when morning was come, he brought him to the high places of Baal, and he beheld the uttermost part of the people.



22:5
阿玛伍位於叙利亚和幼发拉的河之间,此名载於一九四九年所发现的依提黎米王碑上。巴郎术士,与新约中撒玛黎雅的西满术士(宗8:9-18)相似。天主利用他讲述预言。他虽说过预言,但因引诱以民犯罪,为天主所罚,死於以色列人刀下(31:8)。关於巴郎,参阅31:8-16;申23:5-6;苏13:22; 24:9-10;厄下13:2;米6:5;伯後2:15-16;犹11;默2:14。

22:6-21
古代民族认为家长或先知的祝福或咒诅,必会发生效果。

22:22-35
本段经文讲明叁件事:一、天主准许巴郎去摩阿布王那里,利用他传上主的意旨;二、天主知道巴郎软弱,为使他不受金钱的诱惑,特遣天使警告他;叁、人如违犯天主的意旨,就反不如禽兽。见咏32:9。

22:36-41
巴摩特巴耳即谓巴耳高丘,离丕斯加不远,从那里可看到以色列营盘的一角。





戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 23
1巴郎對巴拉克說:「請你在這裡給我建造七座祭壇,給我準備七頭公牛犢和七隻公綿羊。」 1And Balaam said to Balac: Build me here seven altars, and prepare as many calves, and the same number of rams.
2巴拉克就照巴郎說的做了;巴拉克和巴郎在每座祭壇上奉獻了一頭公牛犢和一隻公綿羊。 2And when he had done according to the word of Balaam, they laid together a calf and a ram upon every altar.
3然後巴郎對巴拉克說:「你留在你的全燔祭旁,我要前去,或許上主會使我遇見他;他指示我什麼,我都告訴你。」 3And Balaam said to Balac: Stand a while by thy burnt offering, until I go, to see if perhaps the Lord will meet me, and whatsoever he shall command, I will speak to thee.
4他就上了一座荒丘。天主遇到了巴郎,巴郎遂對天主說:「我建造了七座祭壇,在每座祭壇上,奉獻了一頭公牛犢和一隻公綿羊。」 4And when he was gone with speed, God met him. And Balaam speaking to him, said: I have erected seven altars, and have laid on everyone a calf and a ram.
5上主遂將巴郎要說的話放在他口中,然後對他說:「你回到巴拉克那裡就這樣說。」 5And the Lord put the word in his mouth, and said: Return to Balac, and thus shalt thou speak.
6他回到巴拉克那裡,看見他和摩阿布所有的縉紳,仍站在全燔祭旁; 6Returning he found Balac standing by his burnt offering, with all the princes of the Moabites:
7於是吟詩說:「巴拉克將我由阿蘭召來,摩阿布王叫我由東方的山嶺前來:你來替我咒罵雅各伯,你來詛咒以色列! 7And taking up his parable, he said: Balac king of the Moabites hath brought me from Aram, from the mountains of the east: Come, said he, and curse Jacob: make haste and detest Israel.
8我豈能咒罵天主所不咒罵的?我豈能詛咒上主所不詛咒的? 8How shall I curse him, whom God hath not cursed? By what means should I detest him, whom the Lord detesteth not?
9我由巖峰向他們觀看,我由高丘向他們眺望:這是一獨居,而不應與眾民同列的民族。 9I shall see him from the tops of the rocks, and shall consider him from the hills. This people shall dwell alone, and shall not be reckoned among the nations.
10誰能數盡雅各伯的塵埃,誰能算清以色列的塵沙?惟願我的死有如義人的死,我的結局相似他的結局。」 10Who can count the dust of Jacob, and know the number of the stock of Israel? Let my soul die the death of the just, and my last end be like to them.
11巴拉克對巴郎說:「你對我作的是什麼事?我叫你來是為咒罵我的仇敵,你反而祝福!」 11And Balac said to Balaam: What is this that thou dost? I sent for thee to curse my enemies: and thou contrariwise blessest them.
12他回答說:「我豈不該謹慎說出上主叫我說的話嗎?」 12He answered him: Call I speak any thing else but what the Lord commandeth?
13巴拉克對他說:「請你同我到另一地方去,從那裡可看到他們;這裡只看到一部分,不能看全部;從那裡替我咒罵他們。」 13Balac therefore said: Come with me to another place from whence thou mayest see part of Israel, and canst not see them all: curse them from thence.
14於是領他到了丕斯加山頂上的瞭望台。在那裡建造了七座祭壇,在每座祭壇上,奉獻了一頭公牛犢和一隻公綿羊。 14And when he had brought him to a high place, upon the top of mount Phasga, Balaam built seven altars, and laying on every one a calf and a ram,
15巴郎對巴拉克說:「你在這裡,站在你的全燔祭旁,我到那邊去會見上主。 15He said to Balac: Stand here by thy burnt offering while I go to meet him.
16上主就顯現給巴郎,把他要說的話放在他口內,然後說:「你回巴拉克那裡,就這樣說。」 16And when the Lord had met him, and had put the word in his mouth, he said: Return to Balac, and thus shalt thou say to him.
17他來到巴拉克那裡,看見他還站在全燔祭旁,摩阿布的縉紳仍同他在一起;巴拉克便問他說:「上主說了什麼?」 17Returning he found him standing by his burnt sacrifice, and the princes of the Moabites with him. And Balac said to him: What hath the Lord spoken?
18他於是吟詩說:「巴拉克起來靜聽!漆頗爾的兒子,傾耳聽我! 18But he taking up his parable, said: Stand, O Balac, and give ear: hear, thou son of Sephor:
19天主不像人能食言,不像人子能反悔。他說了豈能不做,許了豈能不行? 19God is not a man, that he should lie, nor as the son of man, that he should be changed. Hath he said then, and will he not do? hath he spoken, and will he not fulfill?
20我受命是為祝福;他要祝福,我不能變更。 20I was brought to bless, the blessing I am not able to hinder.
21在雅各伯中不見罪惡,在以色列中不睹災禍;上主他們的天主與他們同在,歡呼君王之聲,常在他們中間。 21There is no idol in Jacob, neither is there an image god to be seen in Israel. The Lord his God is with him, and the sound of the victory of the king in him.
22領他們由埃及出來的天主,為他們有如野牛的角。 22God hath brought him out of Egypt, whose strength is like to the rhinoceros.
23其實雅各伯不需要巫術,以色列不需要占卜;時候一到,自會啟示與雅各伯和以色列;天主要作什麼。 23There is no soothsaying in Jacob, nor divination in Israel. In their times it shall be told to Jacob and to Israel what God hath wrought.
24這民族起來有如母獅,挺身像雄獅,不吞下獵物,不喝被殺的血,決不臥下。」 24Behold the people shall rise up as a lioness, and shall lift itself up as a lion: it shall not lie down till it devour the prey, and drink the blood of the slain.
25巴拉克對巴郎說:「你不咒罵他們,但也不該祝福啊!」 25And Balac said to Balaam: Neither curse, nor bless him.
26巴郎回答巴拉克說:「我不是對你說過:我應做上主所吩咐的一切嗎?」 26And he said: Did I not tell thee, that whatsoever God should command me, that I would do?
27巴拉克對巴郎說:「來,我領你到另一個地方去,或者天主喜歡你從那裡替我咒罵他們。」 27And Balac said to him: Come and I will bring thee to another place; if peradventure it please God that thou mayest curse them from thence.
28巴拉克於是領巴郎到了俯視曠野的培敖爾山頂。 28And when he had brought him upon the top of mount Phogor, which looketh towards the wilderness,
29巴郎對巴拉克說:「你在這裡給我建造七座祭壇,給我準備七頭公牛犢和七隻公綿羊。」 29Balaam said to him: Build me here seven altars, and prepare as many calves, and the same number of rams.
30巴拉克就照巴郎說的做了,在每座祭壇上奉獻了一頭公牛犢和一隻公綿羊。 30Balac did as Balaam had said: and he laid on every altar, a calf and a ram.



23:5-10
巴郎在第一篇神谕中,称颂以色列与其他的民族大有区别。10节暗示创15:5-6等。

23:16-30
第二篇神谕,乃祝祷一切凶恶不加於以色列,因为上主是他们的君王。他们有对真主的信仰,所以上主特护佑他们,能得胜敌人。24节暗示创49:9。





戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 24
1巴郎見祝福以色列,為上主所喜悅,就不再像前幾次一樣先去探求預示,只轉面向曠野。 1And when Balaam saw that it pleased the Lord that he should bless Israel. he went not as he had gone before, to seek divination: but setting his face towards the desert,
2巴郎一舉目,看見了按支派紮營的以色列人;那時天主的神降在他身上, 2And lifting up his eyes, he saw Israel abiding in their tents by their tribes: and the spirit of God rushing upon him,
3他遂吟詩說:「貝敖爾的兒子巴郎的神諭,明眼男子的神諭, 3He took up his parable and said: Balaam the son of Beor hath said: The man hath said, whose eye ire stopped up:
4那聽到天主的話,得見全能者的神視,在沉睡中開了神眼的神諭: 4The hearer of the words of God hath said, he that hath beheld the vision of the Almighty, he that falleth, and so his eyes are opened:
5雅各伯,你的帳幕,何其壯觀!以色列,你的居所,何其美好! 5How beautiful are thy tabernacles, O Jacob, and thy tents, O Israel!
6如擴展的棕林,似河畔的花園,像上主裁種的沉香,似臨水的香柏。 6As woody valleys, as watered gardens near the rivers, as tabernacles which the Lord hath pitched, as cedars by the waterside.
7英雄由他的後裔而出,他將治理許多民族;他的君王超越阿加格,他的王國必受舉揚。 7Water shall flow out of his bucket, and his seed shall be in many waters. For Agag his king shall be removed, and his kingdom shall be taken awry.
8領他出埃及的天主,為他有如野牛的角。他要吞滅那敵對他的人民,粉碎他們的骨骸,折斷他們的箭矢。 8God hath brought him out of Egypt, whose strength is like to the rhinoceros. They shall devour the nations that are his enemies, and break their bones, and pierce them with arrows.
9他蹲伏臥下有如雄獅,又似母獅;誰敢令他起立?祝福你的,必受祝福;咒罵你的,必受咒罵。」 9Lying down he hath slept as a lion, and as a lioness, whom none shall dare to rouse. He that blesseth thee, shall also himself be blessed: he that curseth thee shall be reckoned accursed.
10巴拉克對巴郎大發忿怒,拍手向他說:「我請你來是為咒罵我的仇敵;看,你反祝福他們,且已三次。 10And Balac being angry against Balaam, clapped his hands together and said: I called thee to curse my enemies, and thou on the contrary hast blessed them three times.
11現在你快回你故鄉去!我原想豐富地酬謝你,但是,上主奪去了你的酬報。」 11Return to thy place. I had determined indeed greatly to honour thee, but the Lord hath deprived thee of the honour designed for thee.
12巴郎回答巴拉克說:「我不是已對你遣來的使者聲明過: 12Balaam made answer to Balac: Did I not say to thy messengers, whom thou sentest to me:
13即使巴拉克給我滿屋金銀,我也不能違犯上主的命令,任意去行善或作惡,而只能說上主所吩咐的嗎? 13If Balac would give me his house full of silver and gold, I cannot go beyond the word of the Lord my God, to utter any thing of my own head either good or evil: but whatsoever the Lord shall say, that I will speak?
14現在,我就要回到我民族那裡去;來,讓我告訴你這民族日後對你的民族所要做的事。」 14But yet going to my people, I will give thee counsel, what this people shall do to thy people in the latter days.
15於是他吟詩說:「貝敖爾的兒子巴郎的神諭,明眼男子的神諭, 15Therefore taking up his parable, again he said: Balaam the son of Beor hath said: The man whose eye is stopped up, hath said:
16那聽到天主的話,深知至高者的思慮,得見全能者的神視,在沉睡中開了神眼的神諭: 16The hearer of the words of God hath said, who knoweth the doctrine of the Highest, and seeth the visions of the Almighty, who falling hath his eyes opened:
17我看見他,卻不是在現在;我望見他,卻不是在近處:由雅各伯將出現一顆星,由以色列將興起一權杖,擊碎摩阿布的額角,粉碎舍特一切子民的腦蓋。 17I shall see him, but not now: I shall behold him, but not near. A STAR SHALL RISE out of Jacob and a sceptre shall spring up from Israel: and shall strike the chiefs of Moab, and shall waste all the children of Seth.
18厄東將成為他的屬地,色依爾將成為他的轄境;以色列必行使威權。 18And he shall possess Idumea: the inheritance of Seir shall come to their enemies, but Israel shall do manfully.
19由雅各伯將出生一位統治仇敵者,他要除滅依爾的遺民。」 19Out of Jacob shall he come that shall rule, and shall destroy the remains of the city.
20以後他望見阿瑪肋克,遂吟詩說:「阿瑪肋克原是眾民之首,但他的結局是永遠的滅亡。」 20And when he saw Amalec, he took up his parable, and said: Amalec the beginning of nations, whose latter ends shall be destroyed.
21後又望見刻尼人,遂吟詩說:「你的居所固然鞏固,你的巢穴縱然建在磐石間; 21He saw also the Cinite: and took up his parable, and said: Thy habitation indeed is strong: but though thou build thy nest in a rock,
22但刻尼人仍要被毀滅,到何時亞述纔將你擄去?」 22And thou be chosen of the stock of Cin, how long shalt thou be able to continue? For Assur shall take thee captive.
23他又吟詩說:「嗚呼!若天主履行此事,誰還能生存! 23And taking up his parable, again he said: Alas, who shall live when God shall do these things?
24從基廷有船來,征服亞述,征服厄貝爾;他們也要永遠滅亡。」 24They shall come in galleys from Italy, they shall overcome the Assyrians, and shall waste the Hebrews, and at the last they themselves also shall perish.
25然後巴郎起身回了本鄉;巴拉克也回去了。 25And Balaam rose, and returned to his place: Balac also returned the way that he came.



24:1-9
本章的经文欠妥,多按希腊译本修正。巴郎在第叁篇神谕内,祝以色列子孙众多,土地肥沃,得胜仇敌。7节中的阿加格,大概是指阿玛肋克君王。见撒上15:7-9。

24:12-19
巴郎在第四篇神谕里,详细预言以色列将战胜摩阿布和厄东;并预言由以色列将出现「一颗星」;兴起「一权杖」。「星」和「杖」是近东民族国王的象徵。这里虽指达味(撒下8:1),但更指示达味所预表的默西亚;犹太经师和教父、圣师多以为此处的「星」和「杖」是指默西亚。见玛2:2等。19节的「依尔」是摩阿布的京都。

24:20
阿玛肋克称为「众民之首」,可能是因为他们的来历很古的原故。自从达味击败他们之後(撒上30),他们已无能为力,终於灭亡。见编上4:43。

24:21-22
当提革拉特丕肋色叁世攻击以色列国时,也剿灭了刻尼人。见列下15:29;编上5:26。

24:24
基廷本指塞浦路斯岛,但也指地中海中的群岛。巴郎在此或许预言西方马其顿亚历山大大帝征服东方诸国之後,亦将灭亡。





戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 25
1當以色列人住在史廷的時候,民眾開始與摩阿布女子行淫。 1And Israel at that time abode in Settim, and the people committed fornication with the daughters of Moab,
2這些女子請民眾參與她們神祇的祭祀;民眾吃了供物,且朝拜了她們的神祇。 2Who called them to their sacrifices. And they ate of them, and adored their gods.
3這樣以色列人就歸依了巴耳培敖爾,上主因此對以色列大發忿怒。 3And Israel was initiated to Beelphegor: upon which the Lord being angry,
4上主對梅瑟說:「你捉住民眾中所有的罪魁,在光天化日之下,為上主將他們懸掛起來,好挽回上主對以色列的怒火。」 4Said to Moses: Take all the princes of the people, and hang them up on gibbets against the sun: that my fury may be turned away from Israel.
5梅瑟就吩咐以色列的各首長說:「你們每人應將自己家中歸依巴耳培敖爾的人殺死。」 5And Moses said to the judges of Israel: Let every man kill his neighbours, that have been initiated to Beelphegor.
6看,當梅瑟和以色列子民全會眾都在會幕門口流淚痛哭時,以色列子民中正有一人,當著他們的面,帶了一個米德楊女人到他兄弟那裡去。 6And behold one of the children of Israel went in before his brethren to a harlot of Madian, in the sight of Moses, and of all the children of Israel, who were weeping before the door of the tabernacle.
7大司祭亞郎的兒子厄肋阿匝爾的兒子丕乃哈斯一見,就由會眾中起來,順手拿了一把長槍, 7And when Phinees the son of Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest saw it, he rose up from the midst; of the multitude, and taking a dagger,
8跟那以色列人進入臥室內,刺穿了他們兩人,即那以色列人和那女人的肚腹;以色列子民間的災禍遂止息了。 8Went in after the Israelite into the brothel house, and thrust both of them through together, to wit, the man and the woman in the genital parts. And the scourge ceased from the children of Israel:
9在這次災禍內,死去了二萬四千人。 9And there were slain four and twenty thousand men.
10上主於是訓示梅瑟說; 10And the Lord said to Moses:
11「大司祭亞郎的孫子,厄肋阿匝爾的兒子丕乃哈斯,由以色列子民身上挽回了我的忿怒,因為他在他們中,懷著與我同樣的嫉邪的心,因此我沒有因我嫉邪之心消滅了以色列子民。 11Phinees the son of Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, hath turned away my wrath from the children of Israel: because he was moved with my zeal against them, that I myself might not destroy the children of Israel in my zeal.
12為此你應聲明:看,我與他結平安的盟約。 12Therefore say to him: Behold I give him the peace of my covenant,
13這為他和他的後裔,是永享司祭品位的盟約,因為他為了自己天主的原故,嫉惡如仇,賠補了以色列子民的罪。」 13And the covenant of the priesthood for ever shall be both to him and his seed, because he hath been zealous for his God, and hath made atonement for the wickedness of the children of Israel.
14那與米德楊女人一同被殺的以色列人,名叫齊默黎,是撒路的兒子,西默盎家族的族長。 14And the name of the Israelite, was slain with the woman of Madian, was Zambri the son of Salu, a prince the kindred and tribe of Simeon.
15那被殺的米德楊女人,名叫苛次彼,是族爾的女兒;族爾是米德楊族一部落的酋長。 15And the Madianite woman, that was slain with him, was called Cozbi the daughter of Sur, a most noble prince among the Madianites.
16事後,上主訓示梅瑟說: 16And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
17「你應圍攻米德楊人,打擊他們, 17Let the Madianites find you enemies, and slay you them:
18因為他們用詭計打擊了你們,就是在培敖爾的事上,並在他們的姊妹,米德楊酋長的女兒苛次彼的事上,欺騸了你們。──這女子已在培敖爾的事上,在災禍之日被殺。」 18Because they also have acted like enemies against you, and have guilefully deceived you by the idol Phogor, and Cozbi their sister, a daughter of a prince of Madian, who was slain in the day the plague for the sacrilege of Phogor.
19這次災禍以後, 19



25:1-5
按31:16 的记载,摩阿布女子使以民祭祀邪神,是出於巴郎的计谋。巴耳培敖尔也似乎是指在培敖尔高丘所恭敬的革摩士神,崇拜革摩士神的敬礼,非常放肆猥亵。见欧9:10。

25:6
米德杨人是游牧民族,有时混於厄东人中,有时混於阿剌伯,或厄法或摩阿布人中。

25:9
此数字或有夸大之处,按格前10:8为二万叁千人。此异文或出於希伯来文记数字母之误。

25:12
「结平安的盟约」一句,如创9:9是指天主单方的恩许,并不指双方订立的一项盟约。关於丕乃哈斯的为人和尊位,参阅户31:6-12;苏22;民20:27-28;加上2:26;咏106:30-31;德45:24-30。

25:19
19节属於下章。





戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 26
1上主對梅瑟和大司祭亞郎的兒子厄肋阿匝爾說: 1After the blood of the guilty was shed, the Lord said to Moses and to Eleazar the son of Aaron, the priest:
2「你們應將以色列子民全會眾,凡二十歲以上,在以色列中能上陣作戰的,按家族再行登記。 2Number the whole sum of the children of Israel from twenty years old and upward, by their houses and kindreds, all that are able to go forth to war.
3梅瑟和司祭厄肋阿匝爾,就在約但河邊耶里哥的對面,摩阿布曠野內,統計了 3Moses therefore and Eleazar the priest, being in the plains of Moab upon the Jordan over against Jericho, spoke to them that were
4二十歲以上的人,照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。從埃及國出來的以色列子民如下: 4From twenty years old and upward, as the Lord had commanded: and this is the number of them:
5以色列的長子勒烏本:勒烏本的子孫:屬哈諾客人的,有哈諾客家族;屬帕路的,有帕路家族; 5Ruben the firstborn of Israel. His sons were Henoch, of whom is the family of the Henochites: and Phallu, of whom is the family of the Phalluites:
6屬赫茲龍的,有赫茲龍家族;屬加爾米的,有加爾米家族: 6And Hesron, of whom is the family of the Hesronites: and Charmi, of whom is the family of the Charmites.
7以上是勒烏本家族,登記的人數,共計四萬三千七百三十。 7These are the families of the stock of Ruben: whose number was found to be forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty.
8帕路的子孫:厄里雅布。 8The son of Phallu was Eliab.
9厄里雅布的兒子是乃慕耳、達堂和阿彼蘭。達堂和阿彼蘭原是會眾推選的人,在科辣黑黨派違背上主時,起來反抗梅瑟和亞郎。 9His sons, were Namuel and Dathan and Abiron. These are Dathan and Abiron the princes of the people, that rose against Moses and Aaron in the sedition of Core, when they rebelled against the Lord:
10當時地裂開了口,將他們同科辣黑吞了下去;同時有火燒死了二百五十人:這樣全黨都消滅了,作為後人的鑑戒。 10And the earth opening her mouth swallowed up Core, many others dying, when the fire burned two hundred and fifty men. And there was a great miracle wrought,
11但是科辣黑的兒子們卻沒有死亡。 11That when Core perished, his sons did not perish.
12西默盎的子孫:按照家族屬乃慕耳的,有乃慕耳家族;屬雅明的,有雅明家族;屬雅津的,有雅津家族; 12The sons of Simeon by their kindreds: Namuel, of him is the family of the Namuelites: Jamin, of him is the family of the Jaminites: Jachin, of him is the family of the Jachinites:
13屬則辣黑的,有則辣黑家族;屬沙烏耳的,有沙烏耳家族: 13Zare, of him is the family of the Zarites: Saul, of him is the family of the Saulites.
14以上是西默盎家族,人數共計二萬二千二百。 14These are the families of the stock of Simeon, of which the whole number was twenty-two thousand two hundred.
15加得的子孫:按照家族,屬責豐的,有責豐家族;屬哈基的,有哈基家族;屬叔尼的,有叔尼家族; 15The sons of Gad by their kindreds: Sephon, of hin; Is the family of the Sephonites: Aggi, of him is the family of the Aggites: Suni, of him is the family of the Sunites:
16屬敖次尼的,有敖次尼家族;屬厄黎的,有厄黎家族; 16Ozni, of him is the family of the Oznites: Her, of him is the family of the Herites:
17屬阿洛得的,有阿洛得家族;屬阿勒里的,有阿勒里家族: 17Arod, of him is the family of the Arodites: Ariel, of him is the family of the Arielites.
18以上是加得子孫的家族,登記的人數共計四萬五百。 18These are the families of Gad, of which the whole number was forty thousand five hundred.
19猶大的兒子:厄爾和敖難。厄爾和敖難死在客納罕地。 19The sons of Juda, Her and Onan, who both died in the land of Chanaan.
20猶大的子孫:按照家族,屬舍拉的,有舍拉家族;屬培勒茲的,有培勒茲家族;屬則辣黑的,有則辣黑家族。 20And the sons of Juda by their kindreds were: Sela, of whom is the family of the Selaites: Phares, of whom is the family of the Pharesites: Zare, of whom is the family of the Zarites.
21培勒茲的子孫:屬赫茲龍的,有赫茲龍家族;屬哈慕耳的,有哈慕耳家族: 21Moreover the sons of Phares were: Hesron, of whom is the family of the Hesronites: and Hamul, of whom is the family of the Hamulites.
22以上是猶大家族,登記的人數,共計七萬六千五百。 22These are the families of Juda, of which the whole number was seventy-six thousand five hundred.
23依撒加爾的子孫:按照家族,屬托拉的,有托拉家族;屬普瓦的,有普瓦家族; 23The sons of Issachar, by their kindreds: Thola, of whom is the family of the Tholaites: Phua, of whom is the family of the Phuaites:
24屬雅叔布的,有雅叔布家族;屬史默龍的,有史默龍家族: 24Jasub, of whom is the family of the Jasubites: Semran, of whom is the family of the Semranites.
25以上是依撒加爾家族,登記人數共計六萬四千三百。 25These are the kindreds of Issachar, whose number was sixty-four thousand three hundred.
26則步隆的子孫:依照家族,屬色勒得的,有色勒得家族;屬厄隆的,有厄隆家族;屬雅赫肋耳的,有雅赫肋耳家族: 26The sons of Zabulon by their kindreds: Sared, of whom is the family of the Saredites: Elon, of whom is the family of the Elonites: Jalel, of whom is the family of the Jalelites.
27以上是則步隆家族,登記的人數共計六萬五百。 27These are the kindreds of Zabulon, whose number was sixty thousand five hundred.
28若瑟的子孫:按照家族,有默納協族和厄弗辣因族。 28The sons of Joseph by their kindred, Manasses and Ephraim.
29默納協的子孫:屬瑪基爾的,有瑪基爾家族;瑪基爾生了基肋阿得,屬基肋阿得的,有基肋阿得家族。 29Of Manasses was born Machir, of whom is the family of the Machirites. Machir beget Galaad, of whom is the family of the Galaadites.
30以下是基肋阿得的子孫:屬耶則爾的,有耶則爾家族;屬赫肋克的,有赫肋克家族; 30Galaad had sons: Jezer, of whom is the family of the Jezerites: and Helec, of whom is the family of the Helecites:
31屬阿斯黎耳的,有阿斯黎耳家族;屬舍根的,有舍根家族; 31And Asriel, of whom is the family of the Asrielites: and Sechem, of whom is the family of the Sechemites:
32屬舍米達的,有舍米達家族;屬赫斐爾的,有赫斐爾家族。 32And Semida, of whom is the family of the Semidaites: and Hepher, of whom is the family of the Hepherites.
33赫斐爾的兒子責羅斐哈得沒有兒子,只有女兒;責羅斐哈得的女兒的名字是:瑪赫拉、諾阿、曷革拉、米耳加和提爾匝: 33And Hepher was the father of Salphaad, who had no sons, but only daughters, whose names are these: Maala, and Noa, and Hegla, and Melcha, and Thersa.
34以上是默納協家族,登記的人數共計五萬二千七百。 34These are the families of Manasses, and the number of them fifty-two thousand seven hundred.
35以下是厄弗辣因的子孫:按照家族,屬叔特拉的,有叔特拉家族;屬貝革爾的,有貝革爾家族;屬塔罕的,有塔罕家族。 35And the sons of Ephraim by their kindreds were these: Suthala, of whom is the family of the Suthalaites: Becher, of whom is the family of the Becherites: Thehen, of whom is the family of the Thehenites.
36以下是叔特拉的子孫:屬厄蘭的,有厄蘭家族。 36Now the son of Suthala was Heran, of whom is the family of the Heranites.
37以上是厄弗辣因子孫家族,登記的人數共計三萬二千五百:以上按照家族,都是若瑟的子孫。 37These are the kindreds of the sons of Ephraim: whose number was thirty-two thousand five hundred.
38本雅明的子孫:按照家族,屬貝拉的,有貝拉家族;屬阿市貝耳的,有阿市貝耳家族;屬阿希蘭的,有阿希蘭家族; 38These are the sons of Joseph by their families. The sons of Benjamin in their kindreds: Bela, of whom is the family of the Belaites: Asbel, of whom is the family of the Asbelites: Ahiram, of whom is the family of the Ahiramites:
39屬舍孚番的,有舍孚番家族;屬胡番的,有胡番家族。 39Supham, of whom is the family of the Suphamites: Hupham, of whom is the family of the Huphamites.
40貝拉的兒子是阿爾德和納阿曼。屬阿爾德的,有阿爾德家族;屬納阿曼的,有納阿曼家族: 40The sons of Bela: Hered, and Noeman. Of Hered, is the family of the Heredites: of Noeman, the family of tile Noemanites.
41按照家族,這些都是本雅明的子孫,登記的人數共計四萬五千六百。 41These are the sons of Benjamin by their kindreds, whose number was forty-five thousand six hundred.
42以下是丹的子孫:按照家族,屬叔罕的,有叔罕家族:按照家族,這是丹的家族。 42The sons of Dan by their kindreds: Suham, of whom is the family of the Suhamites: These are the kindreds of Dan by their families.
43叔罕全家族登記的人數,共計六萬四千四百。 43All were Suhamites, whose number was sixty-four thousand four hundred.
44阿協爾的子孫:按照家族,屬依默納的,有依默納家族;屬依市偉的,有依市偉家族;屬貝黎雅的,有貝黎雅家族。 44The sons of Aser by their kindreds: Jemna, of whom is the family of the Jemnaites: Jessui, of whom is the family of the Jessuites: Brie, of whom is the family of the Brieites.
45貝黎雅的子孫:屬赫貝爾的,有赫貝爾家族;屬瑪耳基耳的,有瑪耳基耳家族。 45The sons of Brie: Heber, of whom is the family of the Heberites: and Melchiel, of whom is the family of the Melchielites.
46阿協爾的女兒的名字是色辣黑。 46And the name of the daughter of Aser, was Sara.
47以上是阿協爾子孫的家族,登記的人數共計五萬三千四百。 47These are the kindreds of the sons of Aser, and their number fifty-three thousand four hundred.
48納斐塔里的子孫:按照家族,屬雅赫責耳的,有雅赫責耳家族;屬古尼的,有古尼家族; 48The sons of Nephtali by their kindreds: Jesiel, of whom is the family of the Jesielites: Guni, of whom is the family of the Gunites:
49屬耶則爾的,有耶則爾家族;屬史冷的,有史冷家族: 49Jeser, of whom is the family of the Jeserites: Sellem, of whom is the family of the Sellemites.
50按照家族,這些都是納斐塔里家族,他們登記的人數共計四萬五千四百。 50These are the kindreds of the sons of Nephtali by their families: whose number was forty-five thousand four hundred.
51以色列子民登記的人數,共計六十萬一千七百三十。 51This is the sum of the children of Israel, that were reckoned up, six hundred and one thousand seven hundred and thirty.
52上主訓示梅瑟說: 52And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
53「你應照登記的名額,將土地分配給他們作為產業: 53To these shall the land be divided for their possessions according to the number of names.
54人數多的應多給,人數少的應少給;各依照登記的名額分配產業。 54To the greater number thou shalt give a greater portion, and to the fewer a less: to every one, as they have now been reckoned up, shall a possession be delivered:
55但還應抽籤來分配土地,各按宗族支系的名字領取產業。 55Yet so that by lot the land be divided to the tribe and families.
56看人數的多寡,來抽籤,給他們分配產業。」 56Whatsoever shall fall by lot, that shall be taken by the more, or the fewer.
57以下是依照家族登記的肋未人:屬革爾雄的,有革爾雄家族;屬刻哈特的,有刻哈特家族;屬默辣黎的,有默辣黎家族。 57This also is the number of the sons of Levi by their families: Gerson, of whom is the family of the Gersonites: Caath, of whom is the family of the Caathites: Merari, of whom is the family of the Merarites.
58以下是肋未的家族:里貝尼家族,赫貝龍家族,瑪赫里家族,慕史家族,科辣黑家族。刻哈特生了阿默蘭; 58These are the families of Levi: The family of Lobni, the family of Hebroni, the family of Moholi, the family of Musi, the family of Core. Now Caath beget Amram:
59阿默蘭的妻子名叫約革貝得,是肋未的女兒,她在埃及出生,給阿默蘭生了亞郎、梅瑟和他們的姊妹米黎盎。 59Who had to wife Jochabed the daughter of Levi, who was horn to him in Egypt. She bore to her husband Amram sons, Aaron and Moses, and Mary their sister.
60亞郎生了納達布,阿彼胡、厄肋阿匝爾和依塔瑪爾。 60Of Aaron were born Nadab and Abiu, and Eleazar and Ithamar:
61納達布和阿彼胡在上主面前獻了凡火,遭遇了死亡。 61Of whom Nadab and Abiu died, when they had offered the strange fire before the Lord.
62凡一月以上的男子,登記的共計二萬三千;他們沒有登記在以色列子民的數目內,因為在以色列子民中沒有分得產業。 62And all that were numbered, were twenty-three thousand males from one month old and upward: for they were not reckoned up among the children of Israel, neither was a possession given to them with the rest.
63這是梅瑟和司祭厄肋阿匝爾,在約但河邊,耶里哥的對面,摩阿布曠野內,所統計的以色列子民的人數。 63This is the number of the children of Israel, that were enrolled by Moses and Eleazar the priest, in the plains of Moab upon the Jordan, over against Jericho.
64他們中,沒有一個是梅瑟和大司祭亞郎,在西乃曠野統計以色列子民時,所統計過的人, 64Among whom there was not one of them that were numbered before by Moses and Aaron in the desert of Sinai.
65因為上主論及他們曾說過,他們必死在曠野。實在,除了耶孚乃的兒子加肋布和農的兒子若蘇厄外,他們中沒有剩下一人。 65For the Lord had foretold that they should die in the wilderness. And none remained of them, but Caleb the son of Jephone, and Josue the son of Nun.



26:1-4
以色列出埃及四十年後,前於西乃山下所统计的壮丁都已死掉,现今上主要这一新世代的人进入圣地,所以又调查壮丁的人数,准备排除进入圣地的困难。本篇调查表的次第,除默纳协与厄弗辣因二支派有所更动外,其馀与1章同。至於各支派的人数:犹大、依撒加尔、则步隆、默纳协、本雅明、丹、阿协尔、肋未,比四十年前人数略增;勒乌本、西默盎、加得、厄弗辣因、纳斐塔里,人数略减。

26:33
关於这些妇女分得家产之事,见下章。

26:58-62
关於肋未支派,见1:47-54; 3-4章等处。






戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 27
1那時,若瑟的兒子默納協家族內,責羅斐哈得的女兒們前來,──責羅斐哈得是赫斐爾的兒子,赫斐爾是基肋阿得的兒子,基肋阿得是瑪基爾的兒子,瑪基爾是默納協的兒子;她們的名字是瑪赫拉、諾阿、曷革拉、米耳加和提爾匝。 1Then came the daughters of Salphaad, the son of Hepher, the son of Galaad, the son of Machir, the son of Manasses, who was the son of Joseph: and their names are Maala, and Noa, and Hegla, and Melcha, and Thersa.
2她們站在梅瑟、大司祭厄肋阿匝爾、眾領袖和全會眾前,即會幕門口說: 2And they stood before Moses and Eleazar the priest, and all the princes of the people at the door of the tabernacle of the covenant, and said:
3「我們的父親死在曠野,但他並不是科辣黑黨派中,結黨反抗上主的黨徒,他只是因自己的罪死了,沒有留下兒子。 3Our father died in the desert, and was not in the sedition, that was raised against the Lord under Core, but he died in his own sin: and he had no male children. Why is his name taken away out of his family, because he had no son? Give us a possession among the kinsmen of our father.
4為什麼讓我們父親的名字,因為沒有兒子,就由本族中消滅?讓我們在我們父親的兄弟中,也分得一份產業。」 4And Moses referred their cause to the judgment of the Lord.
5梅瑟就將她們的案件呈到上主面前; 5And the Lord said to him:
6上主訓示梅瑟說: 6The daughters of Salphaad demand a just thing: Give them a possession among their father's kindred, and let them succeed him in his inheritance.
7「責羅斐哈得的女兒們說得有理;你應在她們的父親兄弟中分給她們一份產業,將她們父親的產業轉讓給她們。 7And to the children of Israel thou shalt speak these things:
8並且你應訓示以色列子民說:一個人死了,若沒有兒子,你們應將他的產業轉讓給他的女兒; 8When a man dieth without a son, his inheritance shall pass to his daughter.
9如果連女兒也沒有,應將他的產業分給他的兄弟們。 9If he have no daughter, his brethren shall succeed him.
10如果連一個兄弟也沒有,應將他的產業分給他父親的兄弟們。 10And if he have no brethren, you shall give the inheritance to his father's brethren.
11如果他的父親也沒有兄弟,應將他的產業分給他家族中與他最近的親屬,他應繼承遺產:這是以色列子民當守的法令,如上主對梅瑟所吩咐的。」 11But if he have no uncles by the father, the inheritance shall be given to them that are the next akin. And this shall be to the children of Israel sacred by a perpetual law, as the Lord hath commanded Moses.
12上主對梅瑟說:「你上這座阿巴陵山上去,看一看我賜給以色列子民的地方。 12The Lord also said to Moses: Go up into this mountain Abarim, and view from thence the land which I will give to the children of Israel.
13你看了以後,你也要歸到你親屬那裡去,如你哥哥亞郎歸去一樣。 13And when thou shalt have seen it, thou also shalt go to thy people, as thy brother Aaron is gone:
14因為在親曠野裡,當會眾反叛時,我命你們在他們眼前以取水顯我為聖時,你們違背了我的命令。」【這是指在親曠野中,在卡德士的默黎巴取水的事。】 14Because you offended me in the desert of Sin in the contradiction of the multitude, neither would you sanctify me before them at the waters. These are the waters of contradiction in Cades of the desert of Sin.
15梅瑟向上主說: 15And Moses answered him:
16「望上主,賜給一切血肉氣息的天主,委派一人管理會眾, 16May the Lord the God of the spirits of all flesh provide a man, that may be over this multitude:
17叫他處理他們的事件,領導他們出入,免得上主的會眾如無牧之羊。」 17And may go out and in before them, and may lead them out, or bring them in: lest the people of the Lord be as sheep without a shepherd.
18上主對梅瑟說:「你應選用農的兒子若蘇厄,他是個有精神的人,按手在他身上, 18And the Lord said to him: Take Josue the son of Nun, a man in whom is the Spirit, and put thy hand upon him.
19叫他站在大司祭厄肋阿匝爾和全會眾前,當著他們的面委派他, 19And he shall stand before Eleazar the priest and all the multitude:
20將你的一些威權授給他,好叫以色列子民全會眾聽從他。 20And thou shalt give him precepts in the sight of all, and part of thy glory, that all the congregation of the children of Israel may hear him.
21但他應到大司祭厄肋阿匝爾面前,請司祭為他在上主面前咨詢「烏陵」的決斷,他和一切以色列子民及全會眾,應依照指示去行事。」 21If any thing be to be done, Eleazar the priest shall consult the Lord for him. He and all the children of Israel with him, and the rest of the multitude shall go out and go in at his word.
22梅瑟就照上主吩咐他的做了;選用了若蘇厄,叫他站在大司祭厄肋阿匝爾和全會眾面前, 22Moses did as the Lord had commanded. And when he had taken Josue, he set him before Eleazar the priest, and all the assembly of the people,
23按手在他身上,委派了他,全照上主藉著梅瑟所吩咐的。 23And laying his hands on his head, he repeated all things that the Lord had commanded.



27:1-11
由本段的记述,可知以色列的民法如何产生:多因某种特殊案件,求上主的指示後,立定为他们的常法。关於本段所记的事,参见肋25:10;苏17:8-10。

27:12-23
关於在默黎巴取水的事,见20:12-13。关於「乌陵」,见出28:30。关於若苏厄,见13:16; 14:6,30,38;出17:9; 24:13; 32:17;申31:23; 34:9。






戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 28
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1The Lord also said to Moses:
2「你吩咐以色列子民說:你們應在規定的時期內,準時將獻給我的供物──我的食品,焚化為中悅我的馨香火祭獻給我。 2Command the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: Offer ye my oblation and my bread, and burnt sacrifice of most sweet odour, in their due seasons.
3你對他們說:這是你們應獻給上主的火祭:每天應獻兩隻一歲無瑕的公羔羊,做日常的全燔祭: 3These are the sacrifices which you shall offer: Two lambs of a year old without blemish every day for the perpetual holocaust:
4早上獻一隻,傍晚獻一隻; 4One you shall offer in the morning, and the other in the evening:
5還應獻十分之一『厄法』細麵,調上四分之一『辛』榨得的油,作為素祭。 5And the tenth part of an ephi of flour, which shall be tempered with the purest oil, of the measure of the fourth part of a hin.
6這是在西乃山上規定應行的日常全燔祭,作為獻與上主的馨香火祭。 6It is the continual holocaust which you offered in mount Sinai for a most sweet. odour of a sacrifice by fire to the Lord.
7此外,為每隻公羔羊,應奠上四分之一『辛』的酒:這是在聖所內向上主獻的醇酒祭。 7And for a libation you shall offer of wine the fourth part of a hin for every lamb in the sanctuary of the Lord.
8傍晚應獻另一隻公羔羊、素祭和奠祭,如早晨所獻的一樣,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 8And you shall offer the other lamb in like manner ill the evening according to all the rites of the morning sacrifice, and of the libations thereof, an oblation of most sweet odour to the Lord.
9安息日,應獻兩隻一歲無瑕的公羔羊,十分之二『厄法』油調的細麵,當作素祭;還有同獻的奠祭。 9And on the sabbath day you shall offer two lambs of a year old without blemish, and two tenths of flour tempered with oil in sacrifice, and the libations,
10這是每安息日,除日常的全燔祭和奠祭外,應獻的安息日全燔祭。 10Which regularly are poured out every sabbath for the perpetual holocaust.
11每月初一,應給上主獻一全燔祭:即公牛犢二頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊七隻。 11And on the first day of the month you shall offer a holocaust to the Lord, two calves of the herd, one ram, and seven lambs of a year old, without blemish,
12為每頭公牛犢同獻的素祭,是十分之三『厄法』油調的細麵;為每一隻公綿羊同獻的素祭,是十分之二『厄法』油調的細麵; 12And three tenths of flour tempered with oil in sacrifice for every calf: and two tenths of flour tempered with oil for every ram:
13為每隻公羔羊同獻的素祭,是十分之一「厄法」油調的細麵:這是馨香的全燔祭,是獻給天主的火祭。 13And the tenth of a tenth of flour tempered with oil in sacrifice for every lamb. It is a holocaust of most sweet odour and an offering by fire to the Lord.
14此外尚有奠祭:為每頭公牛犢奠半『辛』酒,為每隻公綿羊奠三分之一『辛』,為每隻公羔羊奠四分一『辛』:這是一年內,每月初一應獻的全燔祭。 14And these shall be the libations of wine that are to be poured out for every victim: Half a hin for every calf, a third for a ram, and a fourth for a lamb. This shall be the holocaust for every month, as they succeed one another in the course of the year.
15除日常的全燔祭和同獻的奠祭外,還應獻給上主一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 15A buck goat also shall be offered to the Lord for a sin offering over and above the perpetual holocaust with its libations.
16正月十四日是上主的逾越節, 16And in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, shall be the phase of the Lord,
17這月十五日是慶日,七天之內應吃無酵餅。 17And on the fifteenth day the solemn feast: seven days shall they eat unleavened bread.
18第一日應召開聖會,一切勞工都不許做。 18And the first day of them shall be venerable and holy: you shall not do any servile work therein.
19應獻給上主作火祭的全燔祭,是兩頭公牛犢,一隻公綿羊,和七隻一歲的公羔羊,全應是無瑕疵的。 19And you shall offer a burnt sacrifice a holocaust to the Lord, two calves of the herd, one ram, seven lambs of a year old, without blemish:
20至於同獻的素祭,應是油調的細麵:為每頭公牛犢獻十分之三「厄法」,為每隻公綿羊獻十分之二「厄法」; 20And for the sacrifices of every one three tenths of flour which shall be tempered with oil to every calf, and two tenths to every ram,
21至於那七隻公羔羊,為每隻獻十分之一「厄法」。 21And the tenth of a tenth, to every lamb, that is to say, to all the seven lambs:
22此外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭,為你們贖罪。 22And one buck goat for sin, to make atonement for you,
23除早晨應獻的日常全燔祭外,還應奉獻這些祭品。 23Besides the morning holocaust which you shall always offer.
24七天之久,每天都應奉獻這樣的祭品,給上主作為馨香火祭的食品;應獻的日常全燔祭和同獻的奠祭在外。 24So shall you do every day of the seven days for the food of the fire, and for a most sweet odour to the Lord, which shall rise from the holocaust, and from the libations of each.
25到第七日再召開聖會,一切勞工都不許做。 25The seventh day also shall be most solemn and holy unto you: you shall do no servile work therein.
26在初熟節,即七七節內,給上主獻薦新的素祭時,應召開聖會,一切勞工都不許做。 26The day also of firstfruits, when after the weeks are accomplished, you shall offer new fruits to the Lord, shall be venerable and holy: you shall do no servile work therein.
27你們應獻給上主馨香的全燔祭,即二頭公牛犢,一隻公綿羊,七隻一歲的公羔羊; 27And you shall offer a holocaust for a most sweet odour to the Lord, two calves of the herd, one ram, and seven lambs of a year old, without blemish:
28至於同獻的素祭,是油調的細麵:為每頭公牛犢獻十分之三「厄法」,為每隻公綿羊獻十分之二「厄法」; 28And in the sacrifices of them three tenths of flour tempered with oil to every calf, two to every ram,
29至於那七隻公羔羊,為每隻獻十分之一「厄法」。 29The tenth of a tenth to every lamb, which in all are seven lambs: a buck goat also,
30此外,還應獻一隻公山羊,為你們贖罪。 30Which is slain for expiation: besides the perpetual holocaust and the libations thereof.
31除日常全燔祭和同獻的素祭外,還應獻這些無瑕疵的祭品和同獻的奠祭。 31You shall offer them all without blemish with their libations.



28:1-29:39
28-29两章所记关於祭献和奠祭的细则,是详解和补充肋23章的祭献规则。此外,参阅则45:21-25; 46:11,13-15。

28:3-8
参阅肋6:2-6;则46:13-15。

28:9-10
参阅则46:4-5。

28:11-15
参阅亚8:5;依1:13;则46:6-7。

28:16-25
参阅出12;肋23:5-8;申16:1-8;则45:21-24。

28:26-31
参阅出23:14-19;肋23:15-21;申16:9-12。
戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 29
1七月初一日,你們應召開聖會,一切勞工都不許做:這是你們應歡呼吹號的日子。 1The first day also of the seventh month shall be venerable and holy unto you; you shall do no servile work therein, because it is the day of the sounding and of trumpets.
2應獻給上主馨香的全燔祭,即公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊七隻。 2And you shall offer a holocaust for a most sweet odour to the Lord, one calf of the herd, one ram and seven lambs of a year old, without blemish.
3至於同獻的素祭,應是油調的細麵:為每隻公牛犢獻十分之三『厄法』,為每隻公綿羊獻十分之二『厄法』; 3And for their sacrifices, three tenths of flour tempered with oil to every calf, two tenths to a ram,
4至於那七隻公羔羊,為每隻獻十分之一『厄法』。 4One tenth to a lamb, which in all are seven lambs:
5此外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭,為你們贖罪。 5And a buck goat for sin, which is offered for the expiation of the people,
6除月朔的全燔祭及同獻的素祭,日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和依禮規應同獻的奠祭外,還應行這些祭獻,作為中悅上主的馨香火祭。 6Besides the holocaust of the first day of the month with the sacrifices thereof, and the perpetual holocaust with the accustomed libations. With the same ceremonies you shall offer a burnt sacrifice for a most sweet odour to the Lord.
7七月初十,你們也應召開聖會,苦身克己,一切勞工都不許做。 7The tenth day also of this seventh month shall be holy and venerable unto you, and you shall afflict your souls: you shall do no servile work therein.
8應給上主獻馨香的全燔祭:即公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊七隻。 8And you shall offer a holocaust to the Lord for a most sweet odour, one calf of the herd, one ram, and seven lambs of a year old, without blemish:
9至於同獻的素祭,應是油調的細麵:為每隻公牛犢獻十分之三『厄法』,為每隻公綿羊獻十分之二『厄法』; 9And for their sacrifices, three tenths of flour tempered with oil to every calf, two tenths to a ram,
10至於那七隻公羔羊,為每隻獻十分之一『厄法』。 10The tenth of a tenth to every lamb, which are in all seven lambs:
11除贖罪節日的贖罪祭,日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和應獻的奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 11And a buck goat for sin, besides the things that are wont to be offered for sin, for expiation, and for the perpetual holocaust with their sacrifice and libations.
12七月十五日,你們也應召開聖會,一切勞工都不許做,為上主舉行七天慶節。 12And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, which shall be unto you holy and venerable, you shall do no servile work, but shall celebrate a solemnity to the Lord seven days.
13你們應獻全燔祭,作為中悅上主的火祭:即公牛犢十三頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻。 13And you shall offer a holocaust for a most sweet odour to the Lord, thirteen calves of the herd, two rams, and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
14至於同獻的素祭,是油調的細麵:十三頭公牛犢,為每頭獻十分之三『厄法』,二隻公綿羊,為每隻獻十分之二『厄法』, 14And for their libations three tenths of flour tempered with oil to every calf, being in all thirteen calves: and two tenths to each ram, being two rams,
15十四隻公羔羊,為每隻獻十分之一『厄法』。 15And the tenth of a tenth to every lamb, being in all fourteen lambs:
16除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 16And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
17第二日:應獻公牛犢十二頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻。 17On the second day you shall offer twelve calves of the herd, two rams and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
18至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 18And the sacrifices and the libations for every one, for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall duly celebrate:
19除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 19And a buck goat for a sin offering besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
20第三日:應獻公牛犢十一頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻。 20The third day you shall offer eleven calves, two rams, and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
21至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 21And the sacrifices and the libations of every one for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall offer according to the rite:
22除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 22And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice, and the libation thereof.
23第四日:應獻公牛犢十頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻, 23The fourth day you shall offer tell calves, two rams, and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
24至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 24And the sacrifices and the libations of every one for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall celebrate in right manner:
25除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 25And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
26第五日:應獻公牛犢九頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻。 26The fifth day you shall offer nine calves, two rams, and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
27至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 27And the sacrifices and the libations of every one for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall celebrate according to the rite:
28除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 28And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
29第六日:應獻公牛犢八頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻。 29The sixth day you shall offer eight calves, two rams, and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
30至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 30And the sacrifices and the libations of every one for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall celebrate according to the rite:
31除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 31And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
32第七日:應獻公牛犢七頭,公綿羊二隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊十四隻。 32The seventh day you shall offer seven calves and two rams, and fourteen lambs of a year old, without blemish:
33至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 33And the sacrifices and the libations of every one for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall celebrate according to the rite:
34除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 34And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
35第八日,你們應召開盛會,一切勞工都不許做。 35On the eighth day, which is moat solemn, you shall do no servile work:
36應獻全燔祭作為中悅上主的馨香火祭:即公牛犢一頭,公綿羊一隻,一歲無瑕的公羔羊七隻。 36But you shall offer a holocaust for a most sweet odour to the Lord, one calf, one ram, and seven lambs of a year old, without blemish:
37至於與公牛犢、公綿羊和公羔羊應同獻的素祭和奠祭,依數照例奉獻。 37And the sacrifices and the libations of every one for the calves and for the rams and for the lambs you shall celebrate according to the rite:
38除日常全燔祭及同獻的素祭和奠祭外,還應獻一隻公山羊作贖罪祭。 38And a buck goat for sin, besides the perpetual holocaust, and the sacrifice and the libation thereof.
39這是你們在慶節內,除那些為還願或自願所獻全燔祭、素祭、奠祭及和平祭外,所應獻給上主的祭獻。」 39These things shall you offer to the Lord in your solemnities: besides your vows and voluntary oblations for holocaust, for sacrifice, for libation, and for victims of peace offerings.



29:1-6
七月等於今之阳历九月下旬至十月中旬,日後成为国家年历的正月,就如阿彼布月(後称尼散月)为宗教年历的正月。参阅肋23:23-25;户10:10。

29:7-11
参阅肋16; 23:26-32。

29:12-39
参阅出23:14;肋23:33-43;申16:13-15;则45:25;若7:2-37。




戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 30
1梅瑟全照上主吩咐的一切,訓示了以色列子民。 1And Moses told the children of Israel all that the Lord had commanded him:
2梅瑟訓示以色列子民各支派的首領說:「這是上主所吩咐的: 2And he said to the princes of the tribes of the children of Israel: This is the word that the Lord hath commanded:
3若人向上主許願,或發誓戒絕什麼,他不可食言,應全照口中所許的去做。 3If any man make a vow to the Lord, or bind himself by an oath: he shall not make his word void but shall fulfill all that he promised.
4那還在父家的年輕女子,若向上主許願,或發願戒絕什麼, 4If a woman vow any thing, and bind herself by an oath, being in her father's house, and but yet a girl in age: if her father knew the vow that she hath promised, and the oath wherewith she hath bound her soul, and held his peace, she shall be bound by the vow:
5她父親聽到了她許的願和她發誓戒絕的事,卻對她未發一言,她許的願和她所發的戒誓,概為有效。 5Whatsoever she promised and swore, she shall fulfill in deed.
6但是,如果她父親在聽到的那天,禁止了她,她所許的願和所發的戒誓,概不生效;上主必寬恕她,因為她父親禁止了她。 6But if her father, immediately as soon as he heard it, gainsaid it, both her vows and her oaths shall be void, neither shall she be bound to what she promised, because her father hath gainsaid it.
7如果她有願在身,或口中冒然發了戒絕某事的誓,而她已出嫁, 7If she have a husband, and shall vow any thing, and the word once going out of her mouth shall bind her soul by an oath:
8她丈夫聽說了,在他聽說的那天,對她未發一言,她的願和她所發的戒誓,仍為有效; 8The day that her husband shall hear it, and not gainsay it, she shall be bound to the vow, and shall give whatsoever she promised.
9但是,如果她丈夫在聽說的那天,禁止了她,他就取消了她所許的願,和口中冒然所發的戒誓,上主也必寬恕她。 9But if as soon as he heareth he gainsay it, and make her promises and the words wherewith she had bound her soul of no effect: the Lord will forgive her.
10寡婦或棄婦所許的願,或她所發的戒誓,概為有效。 10The widow, and she that is divorced, shall fulfill whatsoever they vow.
11但是,如果她尚在丈夫家內許了願,或發誓要戒絕什麼, 11If the wife in the house of her husband, hath bound herself by vow and by oath,
12若她的丈夫聽說了,未發一言,沒有禁止她,她的願仍為有效,她所發的戒誓,亦為有效。 12If her husband hear, and hold his peace, and doth not disallow the promise, she shall accomplish whatsoever she had promised.
13但是,如果她的丈夫,在聽說的那天,聲明無效;凡她所說出的,不論是許的願,或發的戒誓,一概無效;她的丈夫既聲明無效,上主也就寬恕她。 13But if forthwith he gainsay it, she shall not be bound by the promise: because her husband gainsaid it, and the Lord will be merciful to her.
14凡女人所許的願,或為苦身克己所發的誓,丈夫能使之生效,亦能聲明無效。 14If she vow and bind herself by oath, to afflict her soul by fasting, or abstinence from other things, it shall depend on the will of her husband, whether she shall do it, or not do it.
15但是,如果她的丈夫兩天內對她未發一言,就算他使她所許的願和她所發的戒誓生效,因為在他聽說的那天,對她未發一言,就已算贊成。 15But if the husband hearing it hold his peace, and defer the declaring his mind till another day: whatsoever she had vowed and promised, she shall fulfill: because immediately as he heard it, he held his peace.
16但若他聽說很久以後,才聲明無效,他應負妻子的罪債。」 16But if he gainsay it after that he knew it, he shall bear her iniquity.
17這是有關丈夫與妻子的關係,父親與尚在家內的年輕女兒的關係,上主向梅瑟吩咐的法令。 17These are the laws which the Lord appointed to Moses between the husband and the wife, between the father and the daughter that is as yet but a girl in age, or that abideth in her father's house.



30:1-17
许愿是许给天主一件更善的事,如奉献自己家业的一部份,或戒避能享受的娱乐,如男女戒绝婚姻合欢之谊等。旧约中发愿最显着的例子是「纳齐尔愿」,见6:1-21。此种誓愿应由口中说出,方能生效,这由本章13节可以证明;参阅申23:22-24;训5:3-6。但是妻子发愿,若有碍於丈夫的权利,丈夫如立即反对,此愿即行作废。

戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 31
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你應在米德楊人身上為以色列子民報仇,以後你就要歸到你親族那裡去。」 2Revenge first the children of Israel on the Madianites, and so thou shalt be gathered to thy people.
3梅瑟於是吩咐人民說:「你們要選拔壯丁,武裝起來,準備作戰,進攻米德楊,在他們身上為上主雪仇。 3And Moses forthwith said: Arm of you men to fight, who may take the revenge of the Lord on the Madianites.
4以色列每支派應派遣一千人出征作戰。」 4Let a thousand men be chosen out of every tribe of Israel to be sent to the war.
5這樣,每支派出一千人,以色列的部隊共有一萬二千武裝出征的人。 5And they gave a thousand of every tribe, that is to say, twelve thousand men well appointed for battle.
6梅瑟就派遣他們──每支派一千人,出征作戰,並派遣大司祭厄肋阿匝爾的兒子丕乃哈斯與他們同去,手內帶著聖器和發號令的喇叭, 6And Moses sent them with Phinees the son of Eleazar the priest, and he delivered to him the holy vessels, and the trumpets to sound.
7他們遂照上主對梅瑟所吩咐的,攻擊了米德楊,殺了所有的男子。 7And when they had fought against the Madianites and had overcome them, they slew all the men.
8除這些被殺的以外,還殺了米德楊五個王子:厄威、勒耿、族爾、胡爾和勒巴;也用刀殺了貝敖爾的兒子巴郎。 8And their kings Evi, and Recem, and Sur, and Hur, and Rebe, five princes of the nation: Balaam also the son of Beer they killed with the sword.
9以色列子民俘擄了米德楊人的婦女和幼童,掠奪了他們所有的牲畜、羊群和財產; 9And they took their women, and their children captives, and all their cattle, and all their goods: and all their possessions they plundered:
10火燒了他們所住的一切城邑和營寨。 10And all their cities, and their villages, and castles, they burned.
11以後把一切所搶所奪之物,人和牲畜都帶走, 11And they carried away the booty, and all that they had taken both of men and of beasts.
12把俘擄和所搶所奪之物,帶到梅瑟和大司祭厄肋阿匝爾以及以色列子民全會眾那裡,即帶到耶里哥的對面,約但河邊,摩阿布曠野中的營盤那裡。 12And they brought them to Moses, and Eleazar the priest, and to all the multitude of the children of Israel. But the rest of the things for use they carried to the camp on the plains of Moab, beside the Jordan over against Jericho.
13梅瑟和大司祭厄肋阿匝爾以及會眾各首領,都到營外歡迎他們。 13And Moses and Eleazar the priest and all the princes of the synagogue went forth to meet them without the camp.
14梅瑟對作戰回來的軍官、千夫長和百夫長大發忿怒, 14And Moses being angry with the chief officers of the army, the tribunes, and the centurions that were come from the battle,
15向他們說:「你們為什麼還讓這一切婦女活著? 15Said: Why have you saved the women?
16看正是她們聽了巴郎的話誘惑了以色列子民,在培敖爾事件上違背了上主,致使災禍降在上主的會眾身上。 16Are not these they, that deceived the children of Israel by the counsel of Balaam, and made you transgress against the Lord by the sin of Phogor, for which also the people was punished?
17如今應將所有的男童殺死,將所有認識過男人,與男人同過房的女人,都一律殺掉。 17Therefore kill all that are of the male sex, even of the children: and put to death the women, that have carnally known men.
18至於那些沒有與男人來往同過房的女童,可為你們保留。 18But the girls, and all the women that are virgins save for yourselves:
19你們應七天住在營外;你們和你們的俘虜,凡殺過人,或接觸過屍首的,應在第三天和第七天上取潔; 19And stay without the camp seven days. He that hath killed a man, or touched one that is killed, shall be purified the third day and the seventh day.
20對所有的衣服、皮具、毛織品和木器,都應行取潔禮。」 20And of all the spoil, every garment, or vessel, or any thing made for use, of the skins, or hair of goats, or of wood, shall be purified.
21大司祭厄肋阿匝爾對作戰回來的軍隊說:「這是上主吩咐梅瑟的法令: 21Eleazar also the priest spoke to the men of the army, that had fought, in this manner: This is the ordinance of the law, which the Lord hath commanded Moses:
22金銀、銅、鐵、錫、鉛, 22Gold, and silver, and brass, and iron, and lend, and tin,
23凡能耐火之物,應經過火,再以取潔水取潔,才算潔淨;凡不能耐火之物,應經過水洗。 23And all that may pass through the fire, shall be purified by fire, but whatsoever cannot abide the fire, shall be sanctified with the water of expiation:
24第七天應洗你們的衣服,你們才算潔淨,然後方可回營。」 24And you shall wash your garments the seventh day, and being purified, you shall afterwards enter into the camp.
25上主又訓示梅瑟說: 25And the Lord said to Moses:
26「你和厄肋阿匝爾司祭以及會眾的家長,應統計一下掠奪的勝利品,無論是人或牲畜。 26Take the sum of the things that were taken both of man and beast, thou and Eleazar the priest and the princes of the multitude:
27然後把勝利品平分,一半給出征作戰的兵士,一半給其餘全體會眾。 27And thou shalt divide the spoil equally, between them that fought and went out to the war, and between the rest of the multitude.
28由出征作戰的兵士所得的一分中,抽出五百分之一,不論是人、牛、驢或羊,奉獻給上主; 28And thou shalt separate a portion to the Lord from them that fought and were in the battle, one soul of five hundred as well of persons as of oxen and asses and sheep.
29把所取出的交給厄肋阿匝爾司祭,作為屬於上主的獻儀。 29And thou shalt give it to Eleazar the priest, because they are the firstfruits of the Lord.
30由以色列子民分得的一半中,應抽出五十分之一,不論是人、牛、驢、羊,或是其他牲畜,交給那些在上主會幕內服務的肋未人。」 30Out of the moiety also of the children of Israel thou shalt take the fiftieth head of persons, and of oxen, and asses, and sheep, and of all beasts, and thou shalt give them to the Levites that watch in the charge of the tabernacle of the Lord.
31梅瑟和厄肋阿匝爾司祭就照上主吩咐梅瑟的做了。 31And Moses and Eleazar did as the Lord had commanded.
32作戰部隊所掠奪的物品,尚存的戰利品,計有羊六十七萬五千隻, 32And the spoil which the army had taken, was six hundred seventy-five thousand sheep,
33牛七萬二千頭, 33Seventy-two thousand oxen,
34驢六萬一千匹; 34Sixty-one thousand asses:
35人口,尚未與男人來往同過房的女人,計有三萬二千。 35And thirty-two thousand persons of the female sex, that had not known men.
36出征作戰所得的一半,計羊三十三萬七千五百隻; 36And one half was given to them that had been in the battle, to wit, three hundred thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep:
37由這些羊中,給上主作獻儀的,為六百七十五隻; 37Out of which, for the portion of the Lord, were reckoned six hundred seventy-five sheep.
38牛三萬六千頭,給上主作獻儀的,為七十二頭; 38And out of the thirty-six thousand oxen, seventy-two oxen:
39驢三萬五百匹,給上主作獻儀的,為六十一匹; 39Out of the thirty thousand five hundred asses, sixty-one asses:
40人口一萬六千,給上主作獻儀的,為三十二人。 40Out of the sixteen thousand persons, there fell to the portion of the Lord, thirty-two souls.
41梅瑟就照上主對他所吩咐的,將取出作為上主獻儀的一份,交給了厄肋阿匝爾司祭。 41And Moses delivered the number of the firstfruits of the Lord to Eleazar the priest, as had been commanded him,
42至於梅瑟分配給以色列子民的那一半,即與作戰的兵士平分出來的, 42Out of the half of the children of Israel, which he had separated for them that had been in the battle.
43那屬於會眾的一半,計有羊三十三萬七千五百隻, 43But out of the half that fell to the rest of the multitude, that is to say, out of the three hundred thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep,
44牛三萬六千頭, 44And out of the thirty-six thousand oxen,
45驢三萬五百匹, 45And out of the thirty thousand five hundred asses,
46人口一萬六千。 46And out of the sixteen thousand persons,
47梅瑟照上主對他所吩咐的,由屬於以色列子民的這一半,抽出五十分之一的人和牲畜,交給了那些在上主會幕內服務的肋未人。 47Moses took the fiftieth head, and gave it to the Levites that watched in the tabernacle of the Lord, as the Lord had commanded.
48出征作戰的軍官,千夫長和百夫長,來到梅瑟前, 48And when the commanders of the army, and the tribunes and centurions were come to Moses, they said:
49對他說:「你的僕人們調查了所屬的作戰士兵,一個也沒有少。 49We thy servants have reckoned up the number of the fighting men, whom we had under our hand, and not so much as one was wanting.
50為此我們每人將所獲得的金器,如臂鐲、腕鐲、戒指、耳環和項鏈,獻於上主作獻儀,好在上主面前為我們贖罪。」 50Therefore we offer as gifts to the Lord what gold every one of us could find in the booty, in garters and tablets, rings and bracelets, and chains, that thou mayst pray to the Lord for us.
51梅瑟和厄肋阿匝爾司祭由他們手中接受了這一切金製物品。 51And Moses and Eleazar the priest received all the gold in divers kinds,
52千夫長和百夫長獻給上主作獻儀的金子,共計一萬六千七百五十『協刻耳』。 52In weight sixteen thousand seven hundred and fifty sicles, from the tribunes and from the centurions.
53兵丁所掠奪的東西,各歸己有。 53For that which every one had taken in the booty was his own.
54梅瑟和厄肋阿匝爾司祭遂將由千夫長和百夫長所收下的金子,帶入會幕內,好使上主記念以色列子民。 54And that which was received they brought into the tabernacle of the testimony, for a memorial of the children of Israel before the Lord.



31:3-18
3-18节记述一场「圣战」,即天主亲自指定的战事。因此在记事方面,不免有些夸大词句。

31:2
2节继续叙述25:19所中断的史事:米德杨女子因引以民行淫,使以民遭殃,所以上主命梅瑟消灭米德杨人。

31:21-24
见19:11-22。

31:25-30
参阅撒下8:11。

31:31-54
战争、瘟疫和 荒,是天主常用来惩罚世人罪孽的方法。新约时代的信友可能惊讶,为什麽天主在旧约时代,屡次命令以色列攻击敌人时,将之完全消灭,施行「毁灭律」。这种惨剧按照古代的思想,是可了解的,因为古人以为民族与民族间的战争,即是神与神之间的战争。天主为保持以色列人对唯一神的信仰,也利用了当时人民的思想。







戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 32
1勒烏本的子孫和加得的子孫,擁有很多的家畜;他們一見雅則爾地方和基肋阿得地方,是適於畜牧的區域, 1And the sons of Ruben and Gad had many flocks of cattle, and their substance in beasts was infinite. And when they saw the lands of Jazer and Galaad fit for feeding cattle,
2便前來對梅瑟和厄肋阿匝爾大司祭及會眾的首領說: 2They came to Moses and Eleazar the priest, and the princes of the multitude, and said:
3「阿塔洛特、狄朋、雅則爾、尼默辣、赫市朋、厄肋阿肋、色班、乃波和貝紅, 3Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer, and Nemra, Hesebon, and Eleale, and Saban, and Nebo, and Beon,
4這些地方是上主為以色列會眾所征服的,是適於畜牧的地方,而你的僕人們正有牛羊。」 4The land, which the Lord hath conquered in the sight of the children of Israel, is a very fertile soil for the feeding of beasts: and we thy servants have very much cattle:
5他們又說:「若是我們在你眼中獲得寵幸,希望你將這地方賜給你的僕人們作產業,不必叫我們過約但河。」 5And we pray thee, if we have found favour in thy sight, that thou give it to us thy servants in possession, and make us not pass over the Jordan.
6梅瑟回答加得的子孫和勒烏本的子孫說:「怎麼!你們的兄弟去打仗,你們卻要住在這裡? 6And Moses answered them: What, shall your brethren go to fight, and will you sit here?
7為什麼你們要叫以色列子民喪氣,使他們不敢進入上主賜給他們的土地? 7Why do ye overturn the minds of the children of Israel, that they may not dare to pass into the place which the Lord hath given them?
8當我由卡德士巴爾乃亞派遣你們的祖先去窺探這地時,他們也這樣做過。 8Was it not thus your fathers did, when I sent from Cadesbarne to view the land?
9他們上到厄市苛耳山谷,窺探了那地方,回來就使以色列子民喪了氣,致使他們再不願進入上主賜給他們的土地。 9And when they were come as far as the valley of the cluster, having viewed all the country, they overturned the hearts of the children of Israel, that they should not enter into the coasts, which the Lord gave them.
10為此上主在那天發怒起誓說: 10And he swore in his anger, saying:
11『凡由埃及出來過了二十歲的人,不得看見我誓許給亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯的土地,因為他們沒有一心一意地隨從我; 11If these men, that came up out of Egypt, from twenty years old and upward, shall see the land, which I promised with an oath to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob: because they would not follow me,
12只有刻納次人耶孚乃的兒子加肋布和農的兒子若蘇厄除外,因為他們一心一意地隨從了上主。』 12Except Caleb the son of Jephone the Cenezite, and Josue the son of Nun: these have fulfilled my will.
13因為上主對以色列發了怒,遂使他們在曠野中漂泊了四十年,直到在上主眼前作惡的那一世代完全死盡。 13And the Lord being angry against Israel, led them about through the desert forty years, until the whole generation, that had done evil in his sight, was consumed.
14現在,看,你們這些罪人的苗裔,竟起來替代你們先人,再增加上主對以色列的忿怒! 14And behold, said he, you are risen up instead of your fathers, the increase and offspring of sinful men, to augment the fury of the Lord against Israel.
15如果你們背離了他,他再把民眾拋在曠野裡;這樣,你們就要使這整個民族毀滅了。」 15For if you will not follow him, he will leave the people in the wilderness, and you shall be the cause of the destruction of all.
16他們遂上前來,對他說:「我們願在這裡為我們的牛羊築圈,為我們的家眷建城。 16But they coming near, said: We will make sheepfolds, and stalls for our cattle, and strong cities for our children:
17但我們必武裝起來,在以色列子民前頭上陣,直到我們領他們進入了自己的地方;至於我們的家眷,為預防本地的居民,應叫他們安居在堅固的城內。 17And we ourselves will go armed and ready for battle before the children of Israel, until we bring them in unto their places. Our little ones, and all we have, shall be in walled cities, for fear of the ambushes of the inhabitants.
18不到以色列子民各個都佔有了產業,我們決不回家。 18We will not return into our houses until the children of Israel possess their inheritance:
19我們既然在約但河東得到了產業,在約但河西,就不再同他們分產業了。」 19Neither will we seek any thing beyond the Jordan, because we have already our possession on the east side thereof,
20梅瑟答覆他們說:「若是你們這樣做,若是你們武裝起來,在上主面前作戰; 20And Moses said to them: If you do what you promise, go on well appointed for war before the Lord:
21若是你們個個都武裝著在上主面前過約但河,直到他將自己的敵人驅散, 21And let every fighting man pass over the Jordan, until the Lord overthrow his enemies:
22直到上主把那地征服以後,你們纔回家,你們對上主,對以色列就算無罪。那麼,這地照上主的允許,歸你們作為產業。 22And all the land be brought under him, then shall you be blameless before the Lord and before Israel, and you shall obtain the countries that you desire, before the Lord.
23但是,如果你們不這樣去做,你們必獲罪於上主,要知道你們必自招罪罰。 23But if you do not what you say, no man can doubt but you sin against God: and know ye, that your sin shall overtake you.
24你們可為家眷建城,為牛羊築圈;但是你們口頭所許的,卻必要實踐。」 24Build therefore cities for your children, and folds and stalls for your sheep and beasts, and accomplish what you have promised.
25加得的子孫和勒烏本的子孫回答梅瑟說:「你僕人們必照我主所吩咐的去做。 25And the children of Gad and Ruben said to Moses: We are thy servants, we will do what my lord commandeth.
26我們的孩童、婦女、牛羊和一切牲畜,都留在這裡,留在基肋阿得的城裡; 26We will leave our children, and our wives and sheep and cattle, in the cities of Galaad:
27至於你的僕人們,凡武裝起來的,都要過河,在上主面前上陣作戰,如我主所吩咐的。」 27And we thy servants all well appointed will march on to the war, as thou, my lord, speakest.
28梅瑟遂為他們向大司祭厄肋阿匝爾、農的兒子若蘇厄,以及以色列子民各支派的家長下了指示, 28Moses therefore commanded Eleazar the priest, and Josue the son of Nun, and the princes of the families of all the tribes of Israel, and said to them:
29向他們說:「若是加得子孫和勒烏本子孫,都武裝起來與你們同過約但河,在上主面前作戰,在你們征服那地以後,就把基肋阿得地方給他們作為產業。 29If the children of Gad, and the children of Ruben pass with you over the Jordan, all armed for war before the Lord, and the land be made subject to you: give them Galaad in possession.
30但是,如果他們不武裝起來同你們一起過河,就應在客納罕地與你們同分產業。」 30But if they will not pass armed with you into the land of Chanaan, let them receive places to dwell in among you.
31加得子孫和勒烏本子孫回答說:「凡上主關於你僕人所說的,我們必照做。 31And the children of Gad, and the children of Ruben answered: As the Lord hath spoken to his servants, so will we do:
32我們必武裝起來在上主面前過河,往客納罕地去;但約但河東的地方應給我們作產業。」 32We will go armed before the Lord into the land of Chanaan, and we confess that we have already received our possession beyond the Jordan.
33梅瑟遂將阿摩黎人王息紅的國土和巴商王敖格的國土,那地域及其境內的城池,以及那地域四周的城池,都給了他們;給了加得的子孫、勒烏本的子孫和若瑟的兒子默納協半支派。 33Moses therefore gave to the children of Cad and of Ruben, and to the half tribe of Manasses the son of Joseph, the kingdom of Sehon king of the Amorrhites, and the kingdom of Og king of Basan, and their land and the cities thereof round about.
34加得的子孫重建了狄朋、阿塔洛特、阿洛厄爾、 34And the sons of Cad built Dibon, and Ataroth, and Aroer,
35阿特洛特芍番、雅則爾、約革波哈、 35And Etroth, and Sophan, and Jazer, and Jegbaa,
36貝特尼默辣和貝特哈蘭:這些都是堅固的城邑,並築有羊圈。 36And Bethnemra, and Betharan, fenced cities, and folds for their cattle.
37勒烏本的子孫重建了赫市朋、厄肋阿肋、克黎雅塔因、 37But the children of Ruben built Hesebon, and Eleale, and Cariathaim,
38乃波、巴耳默紅──有些名字已改──和息貝瑪;他們給重建的城邑另起了別名。 38And Nabo, and Baalmeon (their names being changed) and Sabama: giving names to the cities which they had built.
39默納協的兒子瑪基爾的子孫去了基肋阿得,佔據了那地方,驅逐了那裡的阿摩黎人。 39Moreover the children of Machir, the son of Manasses, went into Galaad, and wasted it, cutting off the Amorrhites, the inhabitants thereof.
40梅瑟遂將基肋阿得給了默納協的兒子瑪基爾;他就在那裡住下了。 40And Moses gave the land of Galaad to Machir the son of Manasses, and he dwelt in it.
41默納協的兒子雅依爾去佔據了阿摩黎人的村落,遂稱這些村落為哈沃特雅依爾。 41And Jair the son of Manasses went, and took the villages thereof, and he called them Havoth Jair, that is to say, the villages of Jair.
42諾巴黑去佔據了刻納特及其屬鎮,給那地方起了自己的名字,叫諾巴黑。 42Nobe also went, and took Canath with the villages thereof: and he called it by his own name, Nobe.



32:1-42
本章所记的事,上接21:32-35。

32:6-13
梅瑟所指的事实,见13-14两章。

32:20
「在上主面前」一语,是指在上主的约柜前,因以民作战时常抬抬约柜上阵。见苏3:3;撒上4:3-11;撒下11:11等处。

32:33-38
33节总论河东地域,3; 34-38等节和苏13:17-20,25-27,则将各地详细列出。

32:38
「有些名字已改」一句,指示以色列子民占领某地後,给以邪神得名的地方,改变了名称。

32:39-42
关於玛基尔和雅依尔两家族的事,见申3:14-15;民10:4等处。





戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 33
1以下是以色列子民在梅瑟和亞郎指揮下,分隊出離埃及國後所行的路程。 1These are the mansions of the children of Israel, who went out of Egypt by their troops under the conduct of Moses and Aaron,
2梅瑟記錄了他們遵上主的命啟營的出發點。以下是他們依次出發的行程: 2Which Moses wrote down according to the places of their encamping, which they changed by the commandment of the Lord.
3他們於正月十五日由辣默色斯起程,即在逾越節第二日,以色列子民大膽地、當著眾埃及人的面出走了, 3Now the children of Israel departed from Ramesses the first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month, the day after the phase, with a mighty hand, in the eight of all the Egyptians,
4其時埃及人正在埋葬上主在他們中所擊殺的一切長子;上主也懲罰了他們的神祇。 4Who were burying their firstborn, whom the Lord had slain (upon their gods also he had executed vengeance,)
5以色列子民由辣默色斯起程,在穌苛特紮營。 5And they camped in Soccoth.
6由穌苛特起程,在位於曠野邊界的厄堂紮營。 6And from Soccoth they came into Etham, which is in the uttermost borders of the wilderness.
7由厄堂起程,轉向巴耳責豐的丕哈希洛特,在米革多耳對面紮營。 7Departing from thence they came over against Phihahiroth, which looketh towards Beelsephon, and they camped before Magdalum.
8由丕哈希洛特起程,由海中經過進入曠野,在厄堂曠野中行了三天的路,然後在瑪辣紮營。 8And departing from Phihahiroth, they passed through the midst of the sea into the wilderness: and having marched three days through the desert of Etham, they camped in Mara.
9由瑪辣起程,來到厄林。在厄林有十二水泉和七十株棕櫚樹,就在那裡紮營。 9And departing from Mara, they came into Elim, where there were twelve fountains of waters, and seventy palm trees: and there they camped.
10由厄林起程,在紅海旁紮營。 10But departing from thence also, they pitched their tents by the Red Sea. And departing from the Red Sea,
11由紅海起程,在欣曠野紮營。 11They camped in the desert of Sin.
12由欣曠野起程,在多弗卡紮營。 12And they removed from thence, and came to Daphca.
13由多弗卡起程,在阿路士紮營。 13And departing from Daphca, they camped in Alus.
14由阿路士起程,在勒非丁紮營;民眾在這裡沒有水喝。 14And departing from Alus, they pitched their tents in Raphidim, where the people wanted water to drink.
15由勒非丁起程,在西乃曠野紮營。 15And departing from Raphidim, they camped in the desert of Sinai.
16由西乃曠野起程,在克貝洛特塔瓦紮營。 16But departing also from the desert of Sinai, they came to the graves of lust.
17由克貝洛特塔瓦起程,在哈責洛特紮營。 17And departing from the graves of lust, they camped in Haseroth.
18由哈責洛特起程,在黎特瑪紮營。 18And from Haseroth they came to Rethma.
19由黎特瑪起程,在黎孟培勒茲紮營。 19And departing from Rethma, they camped in Remmomphares.
20由黎孟培勒茲起程,在里貝納紮營。 20And they departed from thence and came to Lebna.
21由里貝納起程,在黎撒紮營。 21Removing from Lebna they camped in Ressa.
22由黎撒起程,在刻黑拉達紮營。 22And departing from Ressa, they came to Ceelatha.
23由刻黑拉達起程,在舍斐爾山紮營。 23And they removed from thence and camped in the mountain Sepher.
24由舍斐爾山起程,在哈辣達紮營。 24Departing from the mountain Sepher, they came to Arada.
25由哈辣達起程,在瑪刻黑羅特紮營。 25From thence they went and camped in Maceloth.
26由瑪刻黑羅特起程,在塔哈特紮營。 26And departing from Maceloth, they came to Thahath.
27由塔哈特起程,在特辣黑紮營。 27Removing from Thahath they camped in Thare.
28由特辣黑起程,在米特卡紮營。 28And they departed from thence, and pitched their tents in Methca.
29由米特卡起程,在哈市摩納紮營。 29And removing from Methca, they camped in Hesmona.
30由哈市摩納起程,在摩色爾紮營。 30And departing from Hesmona, they came to Moseroth.
31由摩色爾起程,在貝乃雅干紮營。 31And removing from Moseroth, they camped in Benejaacan.
32由貝乃雅干起程,在曷爾哈基加得紮營。 32And departing from Benejaacan, they came to mount Gadgad.
33由曷爾哈基加得起程,在約特巴達紮營。 33From thence they went and camped in Jetebatha.
34由約特巴達起程,在阿貝洛納紮營。 34And from Jetebatha they came to Hebrona.
35由阿貝洛納起程,在厄茲雍革貝爾紮營。 35And departing from Hebrona, they camped in Asiongaber.
36由厄茲雍革貝爾起程,在親曠野,即卡德士紮營。 36They removed from thence and came into the desert of Sin, which is Cades.
37由卡德士起程,在位於厄東地邊界上的曷爾山下紮營。 37And departing from Cades, they camped in mount Her, in the uttermost borders of the land of Edom.
38亞郎大司祭依上主的命,上了曷爾山,死在那裡,時在以色列子民出埃及國後四十年五月初一日。 38And Aaron the priest went up into mount Hor at the commandment of the Lord: and there he died in the fortieth year of the coming forth of the children of Israel out of Egypt, the fifth month, the first day of the month,
39亞郎死在曷爾山上時,已一百二十三歲。 39When he was a hundred and twenty-three years old.
40其時住在客納罕南部的客納罕人王阿辣得,聽說以色列子民來了。 40And king Arad the Chanaanite, who dwelt towards the south, heard that the children of Israel were come to the land of Chanaan.
41他們再由曷爾山下起程,在匝耳摩納紮營。 41And they departed from mount Her, and camped in Salmona.
42由匝耳摩納起程,在普農紮營。 42From whence they removed and came to Phunon.
43由普農起程,在敖波特紮營。 43And departing from Phunon, they camped in Oboth.
44由敖波特起程,在位於摩阿布邊境的依因阿巴陵紮營。 44And from Oboth they came to Ijeabarim, which is in the borders of the Moabites.
45由依因阿巴陵起程,在狄朋加得紮營。 45And departing from Ijeabarim they pitched their tents in Dibongab.
46由狄朋加得起程,在阿耳孟狄貝拉塔因紮營。 46From thence they went and camped in Helmondeblathaim.
47由阿耳孟狄貝拉塔因起程,在乃波前面的阿巴陵山地內紮營。 47And departing from Helmondeblathaim, they came to the mountains of Abarim over against Nabo.
48由阿巴陵山地起程,在耶里哥對面,約但河邊,摩阿布曠野紮營; 48And departing from the mountains of Abarim, they passed to the plains of Moab, by the Jordan, over against Jericho.
49他們在摩阿布曠野裡,沿著約但河邊紮營,由貝特耶史摩特直到阿貝耳史廷。 49And there they camped from Bethsi moth even to Ablesatim in the plains of the Moabites,
50在耶里哥對面,約但河邊,摩阿布曠野內,上主訓示梅瑟說: 50Where the Lord said to Moses:
51「你告訴以色列子民說:你們幾時過了約但河,進入客納罕地, 51Command the children of Israel, and say to them: When you shall have passed over the Jordan, entering into the land of Chanaan,
52應由你們面前驅逐當地所有的居民,應毀壞他們的一切偶像,應打碎他們的一切鑄像,應剷除他們的一切丘壇。 52Destroy all the inhabitants of that land: beat down their pillars, and break in pieces their statues, and waste all their high places,
53你們要佔領那地方,住在那裡,因為我已將那地方給了你們,叫你們佔有。 53Cleansing the land, and dwelling in it. For I have given it you for a possession.
54你們要按支派抽籤分配那地方:人數多的多給,人數少的少給。誰的籤落在那裡,那裡就屬於他。你們依照宗祖支派分配你們的產業。 54And you shall divide it among you by lot. To the more you shall give a larger part, and to the fewer a lesser. To every one as the lot shall fall, so shall the inheritance be given. The possession shall be divided by the tribes and the families.
55但是,如果你們不把當地的居民由你們面前驅逐,那留下的居民,必要成為你們的眼中刺,腰間針,在你們住的地方內迫害你們; 55But if you will not kill the inhabitants of the land: they that remain, shall be unto you as nails in your eyes, and spears in your sides, and they shall be your adversaries in the land of your habitation.
56並且我打算了怎樣對待他們,也要怎樣對待你們。」 56And whatsoever I had thought to do to them, I will do to you.



33:1-56
本章综合记载以民由埃及至约但河畔,四十年之久,所经过的地点;除出发点和抵达点之外,共计四十处。大部分地名已见於出12:37-19:2和本书10:11-12:1,只有十叁个地名只见於此处。考古学家至今只确定了二十八个地名。

33:40
关於阿辣得君王,见21:1-3。

33:54
日後若苏厄即按本段所记的方法,把许地分配给十二支派。见苏13-19。



戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 34
1上主訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
2「你命令以色列子民說:你們幾時進入客納罕地,這地應是你們抽籤分配的產業。客納罕地的邊界是: 2Command the children of Israel, and then shalt say to them: When you are entered into the land of Chanaan, and it shall be fallen into your possession by lot, it shall be bounded by these limits:
3你們南部的地區,是由親曠野直到厄東邊境。你們南方的邊界是:由鹽海的極端往東, 3The south side shall begin from the wilderness of Sin, which is by Edom: and shall have the most salt sea for its furthest limits eastward:
4繞過阿刻辣賓高地的南部,經過親直達卡德士巴爾乃亞南部,再到哈匝爾阿達爾,經過阿茲孟, 4Which limits shall go round on the south side by the ascent of the Scorpion and so into Senna, and reach toward the south as far as Cadesbarne, from whence the frontiers shall go out to the town called Adar, and shall reach as far as Asemona.
5由阿茲孟邊界再轉向埃及河,直到大海。 5And the limits shall fetch a compass from Asemona to the torrent of Egypt, and shall end in the shore of the great sea.
6西部的邊界:大海作你們的邊界,這是你們西方的邊界。 6And the west side shall begin from the great sea, and the same shall be the end thereof.
7你們北方的邊界如下:由大海劃界,直到曷爾山; 7But toward the north side the borders shall begin from the great sea, reaching to the most high mountain,
8由曷爾山劃到哈瑪特關口,使邊界直達責辣得。 8From which they shall come to Emath, as far as the borders of Sedada:
9這邊界再伸至齊弗龍,直達哈匝爾厄南:這是你們北方的邊界。 9And the limits shall go as far as Zephrona, and the village of Enan. These shall be the borders on the north side.
10你們東部的邊界:自哈匝爾厄南劃到舍番。 10From thence they shall mark out the bounds towards the east side from the village of Enan unto Sephama.
11由舍番邊界下延至阿殷東面的黎貝拉;由此邊界,再下延與基乃勒特海東岸相接。 11And from Sephama the bounds shall go down to Rebla over against the fountain of Daphnis: from thence they shall come eastward to the sea of Cenereth,
12此後,邊界再沿約但河下延,直達鹽海:這是你們疆土四周的邊界。」 12And shall reach as far as the Jordan, and at the last shall be closed in by the most salt sea. This shall be your land with its borders round about.
13梅瑟又吩咐以色列子民說:「這就是你們應抽籤分為產業的地方,是上主命令分給九個半支派的, 13And Moses commanded the children of Israel, saying: This shall be the land which you shall possess by lot, and which the Lord hath commanded to be given to the nine tribes, and to the half tribe.
14因為勒烏本子孫支派和加得子孫支派,為自己的家族已取得產業;默納協半支派也取得了自己的產業; 14For the tribe of the children of Ruben by their families, and the tribe of the children of Gad according to the number of their kindreds, and half of the tribe of Manasses,
15這兩個半支派,已在耶里哥對面,約但河東岸,向日出之地,取得了產業。」 15That is, two tribes and a half, have received their portion beyond the Jordan over against Jericho at the east side.
16上主又訓示梅瑟說: 16And the Lord said to Moses:
17「這是給你們分配土地的人名:厄肋阿匝爾大司祭和農的兒子若蘇厄; 17These are the names of the men, that shall divide the land unto you: Eleazar the priest, and Josue the son of Nun,
18此外由每支派選派一位首領來分配土地; 18And one prince of every tribe,
19這些人的名字就是:猶大支派,是耶孚乃的兒子加肋布; 19Whose names are these: Of the tribe of Juda, Caleb the son of Jephone.
20西默盎子孫支派,是阿米胡得的兒子舍慕耳; 20Of the tribe of Simeon, Samuel the son of Ammiud.
21本雅明支派,是基斯隆的兒子厄里達得; 21Of the tribe of Benjamin, Elidad the son of Chaselon.
22丹子孫支派的首領,是約革里的兒子步克; 22Of the tribe of the children of Dan, Bocci the son of Jogli.
23若瑟子孫:默納協子孫支派的首領,是厄缶得的兒子哈尼耳; 23Of the children of Joseph of the tribe of Manasses, Hanniel the son of Ephod.
24厄弗辣因子孫支派的首領,是色弗堂的兒子刻慕耳; 24Of the tribe of Ephraim, Camuel the son of Sephtan.
25則步隆子孫支派的首領,是帕爾納客的兒子厄里匝番; 25Of the tribe of Zabulon, Elisaphan the son of Pharnach.
26依撒加爾子孫支派的首領,是阿倉的兒子帕耳提耳; 26Of the tribe of Issachar, Phaltiel the prince, the son of Ozan.
27阿協爾子孫支派的首領,是舍羅米的兒子阿希胡得; 27Of the tribe of Aser, Ahiud the son of Salomi.
28納斐塔里子孫支派的首領,是阿米胡得的兒子培達赫耳。」 28Of the tribe of Nephtali: Phedael the son of Ammiud.
29這些人是上主任命,為在客納罕地給以色列子民分配產業的人。 29These are they whom the Lord hath commanded to divide the land of Chanaan to the children of Israel.



34:1-15
1-15节一段所记述的许地的边界,除达味、撒罗满和玛加伯时代外,以色列人总没有完全占领。

34:3
「盐海」即「死海」。

34:5
「埃及河」不是指尼罗河,而是指阿黎布溪,位於埃及与巴力斯坦之间;「大海」即地中海。

34:7-8
曷尔山不是20:22和33:37所记的曷尔山,而是指另一座同名的山,位於提洛城东北。

34:11
黎贝拉,也许应读为阿尔贝拉,以别於列下23:33; 25:6-7所记的黎贝拉;位於何处不详。

34:13-15
见32章。

34:16-29
此名单除若苏厄和加肋布外,各支派的首领都是新人;旧人依照天主的话都已死在旷野。见26:65等处。

戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 35
1上主在耶里哥對面,約但河邊,摩阿布曠野內,訓示梅瑟說: 1And the Lord spoke these things also to Moses in the plains of Moab by the Jordan, over against Jericho:
2「你命令以色列子民,應由他們分得的產業內,指定一些城給肋未人居住,將城四周的牧場,也分給肋未人。 2Command the children of Israel that they give to the Levites out of their possessions,
3這些城歸他們居住,城郊的牧場為牧放他們所有的牛羊和一切牲畜。 3Cities to dwell in, and their suburbs round about: that they may abide in the towns, and the suburbs may be for their cattle and beasts:
4你們劃給肋未城郊的牧場,應由城牆起,周圍向外伸展至二千肘, 4Which suburbs shall reach from the walls of the cities outward, a thousand paces on every side:
5即由城外向東方量二千肘,向南方量二千肘,向西方量二千肘,向北方量二千肘,城在中央;這些土地為作他們城郊的牧場。 5Toward the east shall be two thousand cubits: and toward the south in like manner shall be two thousand cubits: toward the sea also, which looketh to the west, shall be the same extent: and the north side shall be bounded with the like limits. And the cities shall be in the midst, and the suburbs without.
6分給肋未人的城中,應指定六座為避難城,殺人者可逃入城中。此外還應給他們四十二座城。 6And among the cities, which you shall give to the Levites, six shall be separated for refuge to fugitives, that he who hath shed blood may flee to them: and besides these there shall be other forty-two cities,
7這樣,劃給肋未人的城,共計四十八座,連城郊的牧場在內。 7That is, in all forty-eight with their suburbs.
8當你們由以色列子民的產業中,劃分給肋未人城邑時,由大支派應多取,由小支派應少取;每支派應依照自己分得的產業,將城邑劃給肋未人。」 8And of these cities which shall be given out of the possessions of the children of Israel, from them that have more, more shall be taken: and from them that have less, fewer. Each shall give towns to the Levites according to the extent of their inheritance.
9上主訓示梅瑟說: 9The Lord said to Moses:
10「你告訴以色列子民說:幾時你們過約但河進入了客納罕地, 10Speak to the children of Israel, and thou shalt say to them: When you shall have passed over the Jordan into the land of Chanaan,
11應選定幾座城作你們的避難城,凡誤殺人的,可逃到那裡。 11Determine what cities shall be for the refuge of fugitives, who have shed blood against their will.
12這些城可作為你們脫免復仇者的避難所,好使殺人者不致在未立於會眾前受審判以前,便遭人殺害。 12And when the fugitive shall be in them, the kinsman of him that is slain may not have power to kill him, until he stand before the multitude, and his cause be judged.
13你們應指定六座城作為你們的避難城。 13And of those cities, that are separated for the refuge of fugitives,
14在約但河東指定三座,在客納罕地指定三座,作為避難城。 14Three shall be beyond the Jordan, and three in the land of Chanaan,
15這六座城為以色列子民和外方人,以及住在你們中間的人,作為避難所;凡誤殺人的,都可逃到那裡去。 15As well for the children of Israel as for strangers and sojourners, that he may flee to them, who hath shed blood against his will.
16人若用鐵器打人,將人打死,他就是兇手,兇手應處死刑。 16If any man strike with iron, and he die that was struck: he shall be guilty of murder, and he himself shall die.
17人若用手中可砸死人的石頭打人,將人砸死;他就是兇手,兇手應處死刑。 17If he throw a stone, and he that is struck die: he shall be punished in the same manner.
18或者人若用手中可打死人的木器打人,將人打死,他就是兇手,兇手應處死刑。 18If he that is struck with wood die: he shall be revenged by the blood of him that struck him.
19報血仇的,可將兇手殺死;幾時遇見他,可將他殺死。 19The kinsman of him that was slain, shall kill the murderer: as soon as he apprehendeth him, he shall kill him.
20人若因懷恨撞倒了人,或故意拋物打人,致使那人死了; 20If through hatred any one push a man, or fling any thing at him with ill design:
21或者因仇恨用手打人,將人打死;打人的應處死刑,因他是兇手;報血仇的人,幾時遇著兇手,可將他殺死。 21Or being his enemy, strike; him with his hand, and he die: the striker shall be guilty of murder: the kinsman of him that was slain as soon as he findeth him, shall kill him.
22但是,若人並無怨仇,偶然撞倒人,或無意中拋物傷人, 22But if by chance medley, and without hatred,
23或因沒有看見,使任何能打死人的石頭落在人身上,致使那人死了,彼此並沒有怨仇,也沒有意思害人, 23And enmity, he do any of these things,
24對這樣的案件,應在打死人的和要報血仇者之間進行裁判。 24And this be proved in the hearing of the people, and the cause be debated between him that struck, and the next of kin:
25會眾要把殺人者由報血仇者手內救出,使他回到他曾逃入的避難城內,叫他住在那裡,直到傅過聖油的大司祭去世。 25The innocent shall be delivered from the hand of the revenger, and shall be brought back by sentence into the city, to which he had fled, and he shall abide there until the death of the high priest, that is anointed with the holy oil.
26但殺人者如果離開他逃入避難城的邊界以外, 26If the murderer be found without the limits of the cities that are appointed for the banished,
27報血仇者若在避難城邊界以外遇見了他,將殺人者殺死,他並不犯流血的罪, 27And be struck by him that is the avenger of blood: he shall not be guilty that killed him.
28因為那人該留在避難城內,直到大司祭去世;大司祭死後,殺人者方可回到屬自己產業的地方: 28For the fugitive ought to have stayed in the city until the death of the high priest: and after he is dead, then shall the manslayer return to his own country.
29這是你們世世代代,在你們任何住處,應遵守的法令。 29These things shall be perpetual, and for an ordinance in all your dwellings.
30凡殺人的案件,應依據幾個證人的口供,纔可處決殺人犯;惟獨一人作證,不足以將人宣判死刑。 30The murderer shall be punished by witnesses: none shall be condemned upon the evidence of one man.
31對於被判死刑的殺人犯,你們不可取贖命金,因為他應該死。 31You shall not take money of him that is guilty of blood, but he shall die forthwith.
32同樣,你們對逃入避難城的人,亦不可取贖金,准他在大司祭死以前回到本鄉居住。 32The banished and fugitives before the death of the high priest may by no means return into their own cities.
33你們不可玷污你們所居之地,因為血能玷污地;在那裡流了血,除非流那殺人者的血,為那地沒有其他取潔的方法。 33Defile not the land of your habitation, which is stained with the blood of the innocent: neither can it otherwise be expiated, but by his blood that hath shed the blood of another.
34你們不可褻瀆你們所居之地,這地也是我居留之地,因為我上主是住在以色列子民中間。」 34And thus shall your possession he cleansed, myself abiding with you. For I am the Lord that dwell among the children of Israel.



35:1-5
肋未人分住於各支派中,主要宗旨是教导普通民众上主的法律。见申33:8-11。肋未城不能算肋未支派的产业,只是让给他们居住而已。至於如何划分了肋未城,参阅苏21。

35:6-15
复仇在原始社会中很为普遍,有时不得不加以限制,以色列自然也不例外。复仇者通常是被杀者的最近亲人,见创4:15; 9:6;申19:12;撒下14:11。按「复仇者」,原文有赎回者和保护亲族者的意思。他应尽力保护自己家族,保护自己家族的产业。见肋25:23-25;卢4:3-8。因此,天主亦称为以色列的保护者,或救赎者见依41:14;耶50:34;咏19:15等处。

35:31
31节的法律依据创9:6;此法律直到近代,仍流行於阿刺伯的一些部落中。这法律与古代容许接受赎命金的法律大有区别;并且按民族和法律学家的意见,这种法律,在原始的社会中,为保存人命更为有效。

35:32-34
参阅则48:35;依1:26-27等处。






戶籍紀 Numbers Numbers:Chapter 36
1那時若瑟後裔的家族中,有默納協的子孫,瑪基爾的兒子基肋阿得子孫的家族首領,來到梅瑟和以色列子民各家族的首領前,說: 1And the princes of the families of Galaad, the son of Machir, the son of Manasses, of the stock Of the children of Joseph, came and spoke to Moses before the princes of Israel, and said:
2「上主吩咐我主,以抽籤來分給以色列子民土地為產業,我主又領了上主的命,將我們兄弟責羅斐哈得的產業,分給他的女兒們。 2The Lord hath commanded thee, my lord, that thou shouldst divide the land by lot to the children of Israel, and that thou shouldst give to the daughters of Salphaad our brother the possession due to their father:
3現在,如果她們嫁給了以色列子民另一支派的人,她們的產業就脫離了我們祖先的產業,而加在所嫁給的那一支派的產業上:這樣,我們抽籤分得的產業就減少了。 3Now if men of another tribe take them to wives, their possession will follow them, and being transferred to another tribe, will be a diminishing of our inheritance.
4甚至一到以色列子民的喜年,她們的產業仍就加在所嫁的那一支派的產業內,我們祖先支派的產業就少了她們那一份。」 4And so it shall come to pass, that when the jubilee, that is, the fiftieth year of remission, is come, the distribution made by the lots shall be confounded, and the possession of the one shall pass to the others.
5梅瑟依上主的指示訓令以色列子民說:「若瑟子孫支派說的有理。 5Moses answered the children of Israel, and said by the command of the Lord: The tribe of the children of Joseph hath spoken rightly.
6上主對於責羅斐哈得的女兒們這樣吩咐說:她們可任意嫁給自己所喜愛的人,但只應嫁給屬於自己祖先支派的人。 6And this is the law promulgated by the Lord touching the daughters of Salphaad: Let them marry to whom they will, only so that it be to men of their own tribe.
7以色列子民的產業不可由一支派轉移至另一支派,因為以色列子民每人應固守自己祖先支派的產業。 7Lest the possession of the children of Israel be mingled from tribe to tribe. For all men shall marry wives of their own tribe and kindred:
8以色列子民支派中,凡繼承產業的女子,應嫁給她祖先支派的人為妻,好使每個以色列子民能固守祖先的產業。 8And all women shall take husbands of the same tribe: that the inheritance may remain in the families,
9這樣,產業就不會由一支派轉移至另一支派,因為以色列子民各支派應固守自己的產業。」 9And that the tribes be not mingled one with another, but remain so
10上主怎樣吩咐了梅瑟,責羅斐哈得的女兒們就怎樣做了。 10As they were separated by the Lord. And the daughters of Salphaad did as was commanded:
11責羅斐哈得的女兒:瑪赫拉、提爾匝、曷革拉、米耳加和諾阿,都嫁給了自己叔伯的兒子們, 11And Maala, and Thersa, and Hegla, and Melcha, and Noa were married to the sons of their uncle by their father,
12即嫁給了若瑟的兒子默納協子孫家族的人:如此她們的產業仍保留在她們祖先家族的支派內。 12Of the family of Manasses, who was the son of Joseph: and the possession that had been allotted to them, remained in the tribe and family of their father.
13這是上主在耶里哥對面,約但河邊,摩阿布曠野內,藉梅瑟向以色列子民所頒布的誡命和規則。 13These are the commandments and judgments, which the Lord commanded by the hand of Moses to the children of Israel, in the plains of Moab upon the Jordan over against Jericho.



36:1-13
本章是27:1-11的补遗。4节所提及的「喜年」,见肋25:8-17,29,30 。
申命紀 Deuteronomy 引言
《五書》的最後一部稱為《申命紀》,意即「重申前命」;因為本書的內容是梅瑟把在西乃山下所立的法律,重新再給以色列人詳述一遍。

《申命紀》也可稱為梅瑟的遺囑,因為本書所述,是梅瑟在摩阿布所講的三篇演詞。在這些演詞中,他回顧四十年來在曠野中所經歷的一切,一方面將天主對選民的愛護和仁慈和盤托出;另一方面也指出天主之所以多次懲罰他們,是在彰顯他的公義。其用意是在勸戒當代和後代的以色列人,務要恪守盟約的法律,對天主表示忠誠孝愛,善用天主的恩寵。選民的禍福存亡,全繫於他們是否忠實遵守盟約。

本書的結論,先記述梅瑟立若蘇厄為選民的領袖,後敘述他對若蘇厄和全以色列子民所致最後的訓話,最後述說他祝福了十二支派,上了乃波山,從那裡遙望了天主所許的福地,遂在那裡逝世。

《申命紀》稱為「梅瑟的遺囑」,並非指全書由頭至尾全是出於梅瑟之手,只是說其內容大部分是從梅瑟口傳下來的。至於成書的年代,若從本書的編輯方法推斷,似乎當在以色列子民佔據客納罕地,在那地方住了相當久的時間之後才編成的。此外,在本書內,也有後人依照梅瑟的精神,為適應時代的需要和環境所增加的新法律。

《申命紀》是舊約書中一部極重要而且對以色列人生活極有影響的書。從教義方面來說,是一部很接近新約思想的書。它的特點是在於把天主與人彼此間的愛情作為宗教的基礎和目標。
申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 1
1以下是梅瑟在約但河東岸,對全以色列所講的話。──即在穌夫對面的阿辣巴曠野中,在帕蘭與托費耳、拉班、哈則洛特和狄匝哈布之間。 1These are the words, which Moses spoke to all Israel beyond the Jordan, in the plain wilderness, over against the Red Sea, between Pharan and Thophel and Laban and Haseroth, where there is very much gold:
2從曷勒布經色依爾山,到卡德士巴爾乃亞,共有十一天的路程。── 2Eleven days' journey from Horeb by the way of Mount Seir to Cadesbarne.
3在第四十年十一月一日,梅瑟將上主吩咐他的一切事,全訓示了以色列子民。 3In the fortieth year, the eleventh month, the first day of the month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel all that the Lord had commanded him to say to them:
4當時他已擊敗住在赫市朋的阿摩黎王息紅,和住在阿舍塔洛特和厄德勒的巴商王敖格。 4After that he had slain Sehon king of the Amorrhites, who dwelt in Hesebon: and Og king of Basan who abode in Astaroth, and in Edrai,
5梅瑟在約但河東岸摩阿布地方開始宣講這法律說: 5Beyond the Jordan in the land of Moab. And Moses began to expound the law, and to say:
6「上主,我們的天主,在曷勒布曾訓示我們說:「你們在這山下住得夠久了, 6The Lord our God spoke to us in Horeb, saying: You have stayed long enough in this mountain:
7現在起身出發,到阿摩黎人的山地去,到那些住在阿辣巴荒野、山地、盆地、乃革布和沿海一帶地方去,到客納罕地,到黎巴嫩,直到大河,即幼發拉的河那一帶地方去。 7Turn you, and come to the mountain of the Amorrhites, and to the other places that are next to it, the plains and the hills and the vales towards the south, and by the sea shore, the land of the Chanaanites, and of Libanus, as far as the great river Euphrates.
8看,我已將此地擺在你們面前,你們應去佔領上主誓許給你們的祖先亞巴郎、依撒格、雅各伯和他們後裔的地方。」 8Behold, said he, I have delivered it to you: go in and possess it, concerning which the Lord swore to your fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, that he would give it to them, and to their seed after them.
9那時我對你們說過:我個人無法負擔你們。 9And I said to you at that time:
10上主你們的天主使你們的人數增加,看,你們今天多得有如天上的繁星。 10I alone am not able to bear you: for the Lord your God hath multiplied you, and you are this day as the stars of heaven, for multitude.
11惟願上主你們祖先的天主,再千百倍地增加你們的數目,照他所應許的,祝福你們! 11(The Lord God of your fathers add to this number many thousands, and bless you as he hath spoken.)
12但我個人怎能承擔起你們的煩務、重任和訴訟的事? 12I alone am not able to bear your business, and the charge of you and your differences.
13你們各支派應推舉一些有智慧,有見識,有經驗的人,我好立他們為你們的首領。 13Let me have from among you wise and understanding men, and such whose conversation is approved among your tribes, that I may appoint them your rulers.
14你們回答我說:「你建議的事很好。」 14Then you answered me: The thing is good which thou meanest to do.
15我遂選了你們各支派中有智慧有經驗的首領,立為你們的首領:即千夫長、百夫長、五十夫長、十人長,並為各支派立了監督, 15And I took out of your tribes men wise and honourable, and appointed them rulers, tribunes, and centurions, and officers over fifties, and over tens, who might teach you all things.
16同時我也吩咐你們的判官說:你們要聽斷你們兄弟間的訴訟:無論是兄弟彼此訴訟,或與外方人訴訟,都應秉公審斷。 16And I commanded them, saying: Hear them, and judge that which is just: whether he be one of your country, or a stranger.
17審案時不可偏袒,無論貴賤,同樣聽斷;任何人都不要怕,因為審判是天主的事。若遇有難斷的案件,該呈報給我,我來聽斷。 17There shall be no difference of persons, you shall hear the little as well as the great: neither shall you respect any man's person, because it is the judgment of God. And if any thing seem hard to you, refer it to me, and I will hear it.
18同時,凡你們當做的事,我都吩咐了你們。 18And I commanded you all things that you were to do.
19我們由曷勒布起程,經過了你們所見的這整個遼闊可怖的曠野:照上主我們的天主對我們的吩咐,我們向阿摩黎人山地進發,一直來到了卡德士巴爾乃亞。 19And departing from Horeb, we passed through the terrible and vast wilderness, which you saw, by the way of the mountain of the Amorrhite, as the Lord our God had commanded us. And when we were come into Cadesbarne,
20那時我曾對你們說:你們已來到上主我們的天主即將賜給我們的阿摩黎人的山地。 20I said to you: You are come to the mountain of the Amorrhite, which the Lord our God will give to us.
21看上主你的天主已將這地擺在你面前,你要照上主你祖先的天主對你所許下的,去佔領這地;不要害怕,也不要膽怯。 21See the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee: go up and possess it, as the Lord our God hath spoken to thy fathers: fear not, nor be any way discouraged.
22你們眾人便來到我跟前說:「讓我們先派些人去,替我們偵探那地方,然後回報我們,我們當走那條路,當去那些城。」 22And you came all to me, and said: Let us send men who may view the land, and bring us word what way we shall go up, and to what cities we shall go.
23我就由你們中挑選了十二人,每支派一人; 23And because the saying pleased me, I sent of you twelve men, one of every tribe:
24他們起身上了山地,一直到了厄市苛耳山谷,偵探了那地。 24Who, when they had set forward and had gone up to the mountains, came as far as the valley of the cluster: and having viewed the land,
25他們帶回來那地方的一些果品,並回報我們說:「上主我們的天主即將賜給我們的地方實在好。」 25Taking of the fruits thereof, to shew its fertility, they brought them to us, and said: The land is good, which the Lord our God will give us.
26但你們卻不肯上去,竟違背了上主你們天主的命令, 26And you would not go up, but being incredulous to the word of the Lord our God,
27在你們的帳幕內抱怨說:「上主因為恨我們,才將我們由埃及地領出來,將我們交在阿摩黎人手中,消滅我們。 27You murmured in your tents, and said: The Lord hateth us, and therefore he hath brought us out of the land of Egypt, that he might deliver us into the hand of the Amorrhite, and destroy us.
28我們上那裡去呢?我們的兄弟又說了些使我們心灰意冷的話。他們說:我們在那裡看見了一個比我們又大又高的民族,他們的城邑廣大,城牆高聳摩天;我們在那裡還看見了阿納克人的子孫。」 28Whither shall we go up? the messengers have terrified our hearts, saying: The multitude is very great, and taller than we: the cities are great, and walled up to the sky, we have seen the sons of the Enacims there.
29我遂對你們說:「不要畏懼,不要害怕。 29And I said to you: Fear not, neither be ye afraid of them:
30因為上主你們的天主,走在你們前面,他必為你們作戰,正如他在埃及在你們眼前,為你們所做的一樣; 30The Lord God, who is your leader, himself will fight for you, as he did in Egypt in the sight of all.
31並且在曠野裡,你也看出上主你的天主在你所走的長途中,攜帶你們,如同人攜帶自己的兒子一樣,直到你們來到這地方。 31And in the wilderness (as thou hast seen) the Lord thy God hath carried thee, as a man is wont to carry his little son, all the way that you have come, until you came to this place.
32雖然如此,但你們仍不信賴上主你們的天主, 32And yet for all this you did not believe the Lord your God,
33他一路原走在你們前面,替你們找安營的地方:夜間藉著火,日間藉著雲彩,指示你們應走的道路。 33Who went before you in the way, and marked out the place, wherein you should pitch your tents, in the night shewing you the way by fire, and in the day by the pillar of a cloud.
34上主一聽見你們的怨聲,就發怒起誓說: 34And when the Lord had heard the voice of your words, he was angry and swore, and said:
35「這個邪惡世代的人,一個也不得見我誓許要賜給你們祖先的樂土; 35Not one of the men of this wicked generation shall see the good land, which I promised with an oath to your fathers:
36只有耶孚乃的兒子加肋布除外,他必見到此地,並且我要將他踏過的地,賜給他和他的子孫,因為他一心隨從了上主。」 36Except Caleb the son of Jephone: for he shall see it, and to him I will give the land that he hath trodden upon, and to his children, because he hath followed the Lord.
37為了你們的緣故,上主也對我發怒說:「連你也不能進入那地。 37Neither is his indignation against the people to be wondered at, since the Lord was angry with me also on your account, and said: Neither shalt thou go in thither.
38那侍候你的農的兒子若蘇厄,要進入那地;你應壯他的膽,因為他要使以色列佔領那地作為產業。 38But Josue the son of Nun, thy minister, he shall go in for thee: exhort and encourage him, and he shall divide the land by lot to Israel.
39此外,你們所說要成為戰利品的幼童,至今尚不知好歹的子女,他們都要進入那地。我要將那地賜給他們作為產業。 39Your children, of whom you said that they should be led away captives, and your sons who know not this day the difference of good and evil, they shall go in: and to them I will give the land, and they shall possess it.
40至於你們,應轉向紅海出發,往曠野裡去。」 40But return you and go into the wilderness by the way of the Red Sea.
41你們回答我說:「我們得罪了上主;現在我們願全照上主我們的天主的吩咐上去交戰。」你們各人遂都武裝起來,輕率地上了山地。 41And you answered me: We have sinned against the Lord: we will go up and fight, as the Lord our God hath commanded. And when you went ready armed unto the mountain,
42但上主對我說:「你告訴他們說:你們不要上去,不要作戰,因為我不在你們中間,免得被敵人擊敗。」 42The Lord said to me: Say to them: Go not up, and fight not, for I am not with you: lest you fall before your enemies.
43我立即告訴了你們,你們卻不聽,違背上主的命令,擅自上了山地。 43I spoke, and you hearkened not: but resisting the commandment of the Lord, and swelling with pride, you went up into the mountain.
44住在山地的阿摩黎人蜂擁而出,攻擊你們,追趕你們,由色依爾直殺到曷爾瑪。 44And the Amorrhite that dwelt in the mountains coming out, and meeting you, chased you, as bees do: and made slaughter of you from Seir as far as Horma.
45你們回來,在上主面前哭泣哀號,但上主未曾俯聽你們的哭聲,也未向你們側耳; 45And when you returned and wept before the Lord, he heard you not, neither would he yield to; your voice.
46你們只得長期地停留在卡德士,停留得這樣長久。 46So you abode in Cadesbarne a long time.



1:1-5
1-5节经文残缺不明,有些地名不知位於何处。本段大意是说:以色列人进入福地原非难事,由西乃山到福地南方的卡德士只需十一天的路程;但因他们背弃天主,天主罚他们漂泊在旷野中,第四十年才到达福地对面的约但河东地带。5节「宣讲这法律说」,只是一伏笔,4章才开始宣讲法律。1:6-3:29一段,是史事的重述和应守法律的动机。

1:7
7节和户34:1-15所载是福地的理想边界。

1:8-18
参阅出18:13-26;户11:16-17。

1:19-46
关於19-46节,参阅户13-14两章。「红海」(40)亦译作「芦苇海」即今阿加巴海湾。本书中「你」与「你们」多次混用。大致可说:用「你」是向以色列人每位,用「你们」是向全体百姓发言;有时以「他的」或「他们的」代替「你的」或「你们的」,为使语气转为缓和。这是读者应注意的。
申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 2
1以後,我們照上主對我吩咐的,轉向紅海出發,往曠野進行,我們圍著色依爾山地繞行了很久。 1And departing from thence we came into the wilderness that leadeth to the Red Sea, as the Lord had spoken to me: and we compassed mount Seir a long time.
2那時上主對我說: 2And the Lord said to me:
3「你們繞行這山地已夠久了,如今該轉向北方。 3You have compassed this mountain long enough: go toward the north:
4你吩咐人民說:你們要經過你們的兄弟厄撒烏子孫所住的色依爾地區;他們必畏懼你們,但你們卻應小心, 4And command thou the people, saying: You shall pass by the borders of your brethren the children of Esau, who dwell in Seir, and they will be afraid of you.
5不要與他們挑戰,因為他們的地,連腳掌那麼大的一塊地,我也沒有給你們,因為我已將色依爾山地給了厄撒烏作產業。 5Take ye then good heed that you stir not against them. For I will not give you of their land so much as the step of one foot can tread upon, because I have given mount Seir to Esau, for a possession.
6你們應用錢向他們買糧吃,用錢向他們買水喝。 6You shall buy meats of them for money and shall eat: you shall draw waters for money, and shall drink.
7的確,上主你的天主祝福了你所作的一切,護衛你經過了這遼闊的曠野,這四十年來,上主你的天主常與你同在,使你什麼也不曾缺少」。 7The Lord thy God hath blessed thee in every work of thy hands: the Lord thy God dwelling with thee, knoweth thy journey, how thou hast passed through this great wilderness, for forty years, and thou hast wanted nothing.
8於是我們繞過了我們的兄弟厄撒烏的子孫所住的色依爾,沿阿辣巴路到了厄拉特,和厄茲雍革貝爾,然後轉向摩阿布曠野進發。 8And when we had passed by our brethren the children of Esau, that dwelt in Seir, by the way of the plain from Elath and from Asiongaber, we came to the way that leadeth to the desert of Moab.
9那時上主對我說:「不要擾亂摩阿布人,不要與他們挑戰,他們的土地我一點也不會給你作產業,因為我已將阿爾給了羅特子孫作產業。 9And the Lord said to me: Fight not against the Moabites, neither go to battle against them: for I will not give thee any of their land, because I have given Ar to the children of Lot in possession.
10【原先住在那裡的,是強大眾多,身材魁偉像阿納克人的厄明民族。 10The Emims first were the inhabitants thereof, a people great, and strong, and so tall, that like the race of the Enacims,
11他們像阿納克人一樣,也算是勒法因人,但摩阿布人卻稱他們為厄明人。 11They were esteemed as giants, and were like the sons of the Enacims. But the Moabites call them Emims.
12同樣,在色依爾原先住有曷黎人;但厄撒烏的子孫侵佔了他們的產業,消滅了他們,住在他們境內,就如以色列人對上主賜給他們作產業的土地所做的一樣。】 12The Horrhites also formerly dwelt in Seir: who being driven out and destroyed, the children of Esau dwelt there, as Israel did in the land of his possession, which the Lord gave him.
13你們現在起身,過則勒得溪。」我們就過了則勒得溪。 13Then rising up to pass the torrent Zared, we came to it.
14從離開卡德士巴爾乃亞到我們過了則勒得溪所用的時間,共計三十八年,直到能作戰的那一代,照上主對他們所起的誓,由營中完全消滅。 14And the time that we journeyed from Cadesbarne till we passed over the torrent Zared, was thirty-eight years: until all the generation of the men that were fit for war was consumed out of the camp, as the Lord had sworn:
15實在是上主的手攻擊了他們,使他們由營中完全消滅。 15For his hand was against them, that they should perish from the midst of the camp.
16所有的戰士由民中死盡以後, 16And after all the fighting men were dead,
17上主吩咐我說: 17The Lord spoke to me, saying:
18「你今天路過摩阿布的領土,即阿爾, 18Thou shalt pass this day the borders of Moab, the city named Ar:
19就要面臨阿孟子民;但不要擾亂他們,不要與他們挑戰,阿孟子民的土地我一點也不會給你作產業,因為我已將這地給了羅特子孫作產業。 19And when thou comest nigh the frontiers of the children of Ammon, take heed thou fight not against them, nor once move to battle: for I will not give thee of the land of the children of Ammon, because I have given it to the children of Lot for a possession.
20【這地也算是勒法因人地,勒法因人先前住在那裡,阿孟人稱他們為「匝默組明」。 20It was accounted a land of giants: and giants formerly dwelt in it, whom the Ammonites call Zomzommims,
21他們像阿納克人一樣,是強大眾多,身材魁偉的民族;但上主卻由阿孟人面前消滅了他們,使阿孟人佔有他們的產業,住在他們境內, 21A people great and many, and of tall stature, like the Enacims whom the Lord destroyed before their face: and he made them to dwell in their stead,
22正如上主為住在色依爾的厄撒烏子孫所做的一樣:即由他們面前消滅了曷黎人,使厄撒烏的子孫佔有他們的產業,住在他們的境內,直到今日。 22As he had done in favour of the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir, destroying the Horrhites, and delivering their land to them, which they possess to this day.
23同樣,阿威人原先住在迦薩附近各村莊內,有加非托爾人由加非托爾來,將他們消滅,住在他們境內。】 23The Hevites also, that dwelt in Haserim as far as Gaza, were expelled by the Cappadocians: who came out of Cappadocia, and destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.
24你們起身出發,過阿爾農河。看,我已將阿摩黎人赫市朋王息紅和他的土地交在你手中;進軍佔領,與他交戰。 24Arise ye, and pass the torrent Arnon: Behold I have delivered into thy hand Sehon king of Hesebon the Amorrhite, and begin thou to possess his land and make war against him.
25從今日起,我要使天下萬民在你面前驚慌害怕,使他們一聽見你的消息就戰慄;一看見你的面目就發抖。」 25This day will I begin to send the dread and fear of thee upon the nations that dwell under the whole heaven: that when they hear thy name they may fear and tremble, and be in pain like women in travail.
26我於是由刻德摩特曠野,派遣使者到赫市朋王息紅那裡,和平談判說: 26So I sent messengers from the wilderness of Cademoth to Sehon the king of Hesebon with peaceable words, saying:
27讓我從你國內經過,我只走大道,不偏右也不偏左。 27We will pass through thy land, we will go along by the highway: we will not turn aside neither to the right hand nor to the left.
28你按價錢賣給我糧吃,按價錢供給我水喝;只讓我步行過去,── 28Sell us meat for money, that we may eat: give us water for money and so we will drink. We only ask that thou wilt let us pass through,
29如住在色依爾的厄撒烏子孫和住在阿爾的摩阿布人,對我所做的一樣,──好使我過約但河,進入上主我們的天主賜給我們的地方。 29As the children of Esau have done, that dwell in Seir, and the Moabites, that abide in Ar: until we come to the Jordan, and pass to the land which the Lord our God will give us.
30但是赫市朋王息紅,不肯讓我們從他那裡經過,因為上主你的天主使他頑固,使他心硬,好將他交在你手中,就如今日一樣。 30And Sehon the king of Hesebon would not let us pass: because the Lord thy God had hardened his spirit, and fixed his heart, that he might be delivered into thy hands, as now thou seest.
31上主對我說:「看,我已將息紅和他的土地交給了你,你應進軍佔領他的土地。」 31And the Lord said to me: Behold I have begun to deliver unto thee Sehon and his land, begin to possess it.
32那時息紅和他所有的民眾出來攻擊我們,在雅哈茲與我們交戰; 32And Sehon came out to meet us with all his people to fight at Jasa.
33但上主我們的天主將他交給了我們,我們擊殺了他,他的兒子和他所有的人民。 33And the Lord our God delivered him to us: and we slew him with his sons and all his people.
34同時我們也佔領了他所有的城邑,照毀滅律將全城破壞,不論男女或幼童,全都殺死,沒有留下一個, 34And we took all his cities at that time, killing the inhabitants of them, men and women and children. We left nothing of them:
35只留下了牲畜和由佔領的城邑中所奪的財物,作我們的戰利品。 35Except the cattle which came to the share of them that took them: and the spoils of the cities, which we took:
36由阿爾農谷邊的阿洛厄爾和谷中的城直到基肋阿得,沒有一座城不被我們攻下的,上主我們的天主將這一切全交給了我們, 36From Aroer, which is upon the bank of the torrent Amen, a town that is situate in a valley, as far as Galaad. There was not a village or city, that escaped our hands: the Lord our God delivered all unto us:
37只有阿孟子孫的土地,即雅波克河一帶和山地的城邑,你沒有進攻,全照上主我們的天主所吩咐的。 37Except the land of the children of Ammon, to which we approached not: and all that border upon the torrent Jeboc, and the cities in the mountains, and all the places which the Lord our God forbade us.



2:1-25
1-25节一段,参阅户20:14-21。本段可作为宗17:26节所记「他, 天主由一个人造了全人类,使他们住在全地面上,又给他们立定了……所居住的疆界」那句话的佐证。

2:9
阿尔为摩阿布的京城,指摩阿布全国。

2:10-12, 20-23
10-12节和20-23节两段,除叙述极古的史事外,也简单地说明支配人类历史的,乃是天主。加非托尔即克里特岛;加非托尔人很可能是指培肋舍特人(亚9:7)。

2:26-37
关於本段,参阅户21:21-35。


申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 3
1然後我們轉向巴商進發;巴商王敖格和他所有的民眾出來攻擊我們,在厄德勒與我們交戰。 1Then we turned and went by the way of Basan: and Og the king of Basan came out to meet us with his people to fight in Edrai.
2上主對我說:「你不要怕他,因為我已將他、他所有的民眾和土地都交在你手中;你對待他,應如對待住在赫市朋的阿摩黎人王息紅一樣。」 2And the Lord said to me: Fear him not: because he is delivered into thy hand, with all his people and his land: and thou shalt do to him as thou hast done to Sehon king of the Amorrhites, that dwelt in Hesebon.
3上主我們的天主也將巴商王敖格,和他所有的民眾交在我們的手中;我們擊殺了他,一個也沒有給他留下。 3So the Lord our God delivered into our hands, Og also the king of Basan, and all his people: and we utterly destroyed them,
4同時我們佔領了他所有的城邑,沒有一座城不為我們所佔領;巴商王敖格的國土,阿爾哥布全地區共有六十座城邑, 4Wasting all his cities at one time, there was not a town that escaped us: sixty cities, all the country of Argob the kingdom of Og in Basan.
5都是些具有高闊的城牆,安門置閂,設防的城邑;此外尚有很多無圍牆的村莊。 5All the cities were fenced with very high walls, and with gates and bars, besides innumerable towns that had no walls.
6我們照毀滅律毀滅了這些城邑,有如對赫市朋王息紅所做的一樣,殺盡了各城中的男女和幼童, 6And we utterly destroyed them, as we had done to Sehon the king of Hesebon, destroying every city, men and women and children:
7只留下了牲畜和由佔領的城中所奪的財物,作我們的戰利品。 7But the cattle and the spoils of the cities we took for our prey.
8這樣,我們在那時,由這兩個阿摩黎人王的手中,奪得了約但河東岸的土地,自阿爾農河直到赫爾孟山。 8And we took at that time the land out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorrhites, that were beyond the Jordan: from the torrent Amen unto the mount Hermon,
9【漆冬人稱赫爾孟為息爾翁;阿摩黎人則稱之為色尼爾】。 9Which the Sidonians call Sarion, and the Amorrhites Sanir:
10即奪得了高原上所有的城邑,全基肋阿得和全巴商,直到撒耳加和厄德勒:這都是巴商王敖格國土內的城邑。 10All the cities that are situate in the plain, and all the land of Galaad and Basan as far as Selcha and Edrai, cities of the kingdom of Og in Basan.
11【巴商王敖格是勒法因人遺族中僅存的人物;他的床是鐵做的,以人肘為度,長九肘,寬四肘,尚存在阿孟子民的辣巴城裡】。 11For only Og king of Basan remained of the race of the giants. His bed of iron is shewn, which is in Rabbath of the children of Ammon, being nine cubits long, and four broad after the measure of the cubit of a man's hand.
12我由我們那時所佔領的土地中,將阿爾農河邊的阿洛厄爾以北的地方,基肋阿得山地的一半和境內的城邑,給了勒烏本人和加得人; 12And we possessed the land at that time from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the torrent Amen, unto the half of mount Galaad: and I gave the cities thereof to Ruben and Gad.
13基肋阿得其餘的地方和全巴商,即敖格的國土,給了默納協半個支派。【人稱阿爾哥布全地區,即全巴商,為「勒法因人地」。 13And I delivered the other part of Galaad, and all Basan the kingdom of Og to the half tribe of Manasses, all the country of Argob: and all Basan is called the Land of giants.
14默納協的兒子雅依爾,佔領了阿爾哥布全地區,直到革叔爾人和瑪阿加人的邊界,遂按自己的名字稱那地為「哈沃特雅依爾」,直到今日】。 14Jair the son of Manasses possessed all the country of Argob unto the borders of Gessuri, and Machati. And he called Basan by his own name, Havoth Jair, that is to say, the towns of Jair, until this present day.
15我又將基肋阿得給了瑪基爾。 15To Machir also I gave Galaad.
16由基肋阿得到阿爾農河,以河中心為邊界,直到雅波克河,即阿孟人的邊界,我將那一帶地方給了勒烏本人和加得人; 16And to the tribes of Ruben and Gad I gave of the land of Galaad as far as the torrent Amen, half the torrent, and the confines even unto the torrent Jeboc, which is the border of the children of Ammon:
17還有阿辣巴荒野,以約但河為界,從基乃勒特直到阿辣巴海,即直到東面靠近丕斯加山坡的鹽海一帶地方。 17And the plain of the wilderness, and the Jordan, and the borders of Cenereth unto the sea of the desert, which is the most salt sea, to the foot of mount Phasga eastward.
18那時我吩咐你們說:「上主你們的天主,將這地賜給了你們作產業,但你們所有戰士,應武裝起來,走在你們兄弟以色列子民前面, 18And I commanded you at that time, saying: The Lord your God giveth you this land for an inheritance, go ye well appointed before your brethren the children of Israel, all the strong men of you,
19只有你們的婦孺和牲畜,──我知道你們有很多牲畜──可留在我給你們的城內, 19Leaving your wives and children and cattle. For I know you have much cattle, and they must remain in the cities, which I have delivered to you.
20直到上主使你們的兄弟如你們一樣有了安身之處,等他們也佔領了,上主你們的天主賜給他們的約但河西的地方,那時你們各人才可回到我給你們為產業的地方。 20Until the Lord give rest to your brethren, as he hath given to you: and they also possess the land, which he will give them beyond the Jordan: then shall every man return to his possession, which I have given you.
21同時我也吩咐若蘇厄說:你親眼看見了,上主你們的天主對這兩個國王所做的一切;上主必同樣對待你要過河去攻擊的一切王國。 21I commanded Josue also at that time, saying: Thy eyes have seen what the Lord your God hath done to these two kings: so will he do to all the kingdoms to which thou shalt pass.
22不要怕他們,因為上主你們的天主要替你們作戰。」 22Fear them not: for the Lord your God will fight for you.
23那時我哀求天主說: 23And I besought the Lord at that time, saying:
24「我主,上主!你已開始向你的僕人顯示你的偉大和你有力的手臂,天上地下有那個神能作你所作的工作,行你所行的奇事? 24Lord God, thou hast begun to shew unto thy servant thy greatness, and most mighty hand, for there is no other God either in heaven or earth, that is able to do thy works, or to be compared to thy strength.
25求你讓我過去,得見約但河西的肥美土地,那壯麗的山嶺和黎巴嫩。」 25I will pass over therefore, and will see this excellent land beyond the Jordan, and this goodly mountain, and Libanus.
26但是上主為了你們的緣故對我發怒,沒有俯聽我,且對我說:「罷了!不要對我再提這事。 26And the Lord was angry with me on your account and heard me not, but said to me: It is enough: speak no more to me of this matter.
27你上丕斯加山頂去,舉目向東西南北,好好觀看,因為你不能過這約但河。 27Go up to the top of Phasga, and cast thy eyes round about to the west, and to the north, and to the south, and to the east, and behold it, for thou shalt not pass this Jordan.
28你應訓示若蘇厄,堅固他,鼓勵他,因為他要率領這百姓過去,給他們分配你所觀看的地方。」 28Command Josue, and encourage and strengthen him: for he shall go before this people, and shall divide unto them the land which thou shalt see.
29那時我們住在貝特培敖爾對面的山谷中。 29And we abode in the valley over against the temple of Phogor.



3:1-11
对本段,参阅户21:21-35。11节的「床」,可能是指他的棺椁。

3:11-22
对11-22节,参阅户32。梅瑟在18-20节,虽直接向全体民众说话,但其用意是向勒乌本、加得二支派和默纳协半支派发言。

3:23-29
对本段,参阅户27:12-23和申32:48-52。若苏厄虽接了梅瑟的位,但其地位却远不如梅瑟,因梅瑟直接受命於天主,而若苏厄却应受厄肋阿匝尔的指挥(户27:21)。





申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 4
1以色列!現在你要聽我教訓你們的法令和規律,盡力遵行:這樣你們纔能生活,纔能進入佔領,上主你們祖先的天主賜給你們的地方。 1And now, O Israel, hear the commandments and judgments which I teach thee: that doing them, thou mayst live, and entering in mayst possess the land which the Lord the God of your fathers will give you.
2我吩咐你們的話,你們不可增刪,而應全守我向你們所訓示的,上主你們天主的誡命。 2You shall not add to the word that I speak to you, neither shall you take away from it: keep the commandments of the Lord your God which I command you.
3你們親眼見了上主在巴耳培敖爾所做的事:凡隨從巴耳培敖爾的人,上主你們的天主都由你們中間消滅了; 3Your eyes have seen all that the Lord hath done against Beelphegor, how he hath destroyed all his worshippers from among you.
4你們依附上主你們的天主的人,今日都還活著。 4But you that adhere to the Lord your God, are all alive until this present day.
5看,我授與你們法令和規律,都是上主我的天主吩咐與我的,好叫你們在你們要去佔領的土地內,依照遵行。 5You know that I have taught you statutes and justices, as the Lord my God hath commanded me: so shall you do them in the land which you shall possess:
6你們要謹守遵行,因為這樣,在萬民眼中,纔能顯出你們的智慧和見識;他們一聽到這一切法令說:「這實在是一個有智慧,有見識的大民族!」 6And you shall observe, and fulfill them in practice. For this is your wisdom, and understanding in the sight of nations, that hearing all these precepts, they may say: Behold a wise and understanding people, a great nation.
7有那個大民族的神這樣接近他們,如同上主我們的天主,在我們每次呼求他時,這樣親近我們呢? 7Neither is there any other nation so great, that hath gods so nigh them, as our God is present to all our petitions.
8又有那個大民族,有這樣公正的法令和規律,如同我今天在你們面前,所頒佈的這一切法律呢? 8For what other nation is there so renowned that hath ceremonies, and just judgments, and all the law, which I will set forth this day before your eyes?
9你應謹慎,加意留心,不要忘了你親眼所見的奇事,終生日日不要讓這些事遠離你的心,並要將這一切傳於你的子子孫孫。 9Keep thyself therefore, and thy soul carefully. Forget not the words that thy eyes have seen, and let them not go out of thy heart all the days of thy life. Thou shalt teach them to thy sons and to thy grandsons,
10當你在曷勒布,站在上主你的天主面前的那一天,上主曾對我說:「你給我召集民眾,我要叫他們聽清我的話,使他們在世有生之日,學習敬畏我,以此教訓自己的子女。」 10From the day in which thou didst stand before the Lord thy God in Horeb, when the Lord spoke to me, saying: Call together the people unto me, that they may hear my words, and may learn to fear me all the time that they live on the earth, and may teach their children.
11你們遂走上前來,站在山腳下,其時山上火焰沖天,且為黑暗和烏雲籠罩著。 11And you came to the foot of the mount, which burned even unto heaven: and there was darkness, and a cloud and obscurity in it.
12上主由火中對你們說話,你們聽到說話的聲音,卻見不到什麼形狀,只有聲音。 12And the Lord spoke to you from the midst of the fire. You heard the voice of his words, but you saw not any form at all.
13他將他的盟約,即那十條誡命,給你們宣布出來,吩咐你們遵守,又將這誡命寫在兩塊石版上; 13And he shewed you his covenant, which he commanded you to do, and the ten words that he wrote in two tables of stone.
14同時上主也吩咐我將法令和規律教訓你們,叫你們在要去佔領的土地內遵行。 14And he commanded me at that time that I should teach you the ceremonies and judgments which you shall do in the land, that you shall possess.
15你們應極其謹慎:因為上主你們的天主,在曷勒布由火中對你們說話的那天,你們既然沒有見到什麼形狀, 15Keep therefore your souls carefully. You saw not any similitude in the day that the Lord God spoke to you in Horeb from the midst of the fire:
16那麼,你們切不要墮落,為自己製造任何形狀的神像,無論是男或者是女的形狀, 16Lest perhaps being deceived you might make you a graven similitude, or image of male or female,
17或地上各種走獸的形狀,或空中各類飛鳥的形狀, 17The similitude of any beasts, that are upon the earth, or of birds, that fly under heaven,
18或地上任何爬虫的形狀,或地下水裡各種魚類的形狀。 18Or of creeping things, that move on the earth, or of fishes, that abide in the waters under the earth:
19當你舉目望天,觀看日月星辰,和天上的眾星宿時,切不要為之勾引,而去敬拜事奉。那原是上主,你的天主分賜給普天下萬民享用的; 19Lest perhaps lifting up thy eyes to heaven, thou see the sun and the moon, and all the stars of heaven, and being deceived by error thou adore and serve them, which the Lord thy God created for the service of all the nations, that are under heaven.
20至於你們,上主揀選了你們,將你們由鐵爐中──埃及──領出來,作他特有的子民,就如今日一樣。 20But the Lord hath taken you and brought you out of the iron furnace of Egypt, to make you his people of inheritance, as it is this present day.
21可是,上主為了你們的緣故,對我發怒起誓,不讓我過約但河,不許我進入,上主你的天主賜給你作產業的那肥美的土地; 21And the Lord was angry with me for your words, and he swore that I should not pass over the Jordan, nor enter into the excellent land, which he will give you.
22我只有死在這地方,不得過約但河;你們都要過去,佔領那肥美的土地為產業, 22Behold I die in this land, I shall not pass over the Jordan: you shall pass, and possess the goodly land.
23那麼你們應謹慎,不要忘記上主你們的天主與你們所訂立的盟約,不要製造任何形狀的神像,有如上主你的天主所禁止的, 23Beware lest thou ever forget the covenant of the Lord thy God, which he hath made with thee: and make to thyself a graven likeness of those things which the Lord hath forbid to be made:
24因為上主你的天主是吞噬的烈火,忌邪的天主。 24Because the Lord thy God is a consuming fire, a jealous God.
25當你們生養了子孫,在那地住得久了,如果你們墮落下去,製造任何形狀的偶像,行了上主你的天主眼中視為邪惡的事,惹他發怒, 25If you shall beget sons and grandsons, and abide in the land, and being deceived, make to yourselves any similitude, committing evil before the Lord your God, to provoke him to wrath:
26我今天就指著上天下地對你們作證,你們必在過約但河後所佔領的土地上迅速滅亡,決不會在那地長久生存,必全被消滅。 26I call this day heaven and earth to witness, that you shall quickly perish out of the land, which, when you have passed over the Jordan, you shall possess. You shall not dwell therein long, but the Lord will destroy you,
27上主要將你們分散到萬民之中,在上主領你們所到的外邦中,你們剩下的人,必為數不多。 27And scatter you among all nations, and you shall remain a few among the nations, to which the Lord shall lead you.
28在那裡你們要事奉人手所製造的神,即各種看不見,聽不見,不會吃,不能聞的木石神像。 28And there you shall serve gods, that were framed with men's hands: wood and stone, that neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell.
29你在那裡必要尋求上主你的天主,只要你全心全靈尋求,你就可尋到他。 29And when thou shalt seek there the Lord thy God, thou shalt find him: yet so, if thou seek him with all thy heart, and all the affliction of thy soul.
30日後,當這些事都臨於你,使你困惱時,你必回心歸向上主你的天主,聽從他的聲音; 30After all the things aforesaid shall and thee, in the latter time thou shalt return to the Lord thy God, and shalt hear his voice.
31因為上主你的天主原是仁慈的天主,他不會捨棄你,不會毀滅你,也不會忘卻他起誓與你祖先所立的盟約。 31Because the Lord thy God is a merciful God: he will not leave thee, nor altogether destroy thee, nor forget the covenant, by which he swore to thy fathers.
32你且考察在你以前過去的世代,從天主在地上造了人以來,由天這邊到天那邊,是否有過像這樣的大事,是否聽過像這樣的事? 32Ask of the days of old, that have been before thy time from the day that God created man upon the earth, from one end of heaven to the other end thereof, if ever there was done the like thing, or it hath been known at any time,
33是否有一民族,如同你一樣,聽到了天主由火中說話的聲音,還仍然活著? 33That a people should hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of fire, as thou hast heard, and lived:
34或者,是否有過一個神,以災難、神蹟、奇事、戰爭、強力的手、伸展的臂和可怕的威能,企圖將某一民族由另一民族中領出來,如上主你們的天主在埃及於你們眼前,對你們所做的一切一樣? 34If God ever did so as to go, and take to himself a nation out of the midst of nations by temptations, signs, and wonders, by fight, and a strong hand, and stretched out arm, and horrible visions according to all the things that the Lord your God did for you in Egypt, before thy eyes.
35這一切只顯示給你,是要你知道,只有上主是天主,除他以外再沒有別的神。 35That thou mightest know that the Lord he is God, and there is no other besides him.
36他由天上使你聽到他的聲音,是為教訓你;在地上使你見到他的烈火,叫你聽到他由火中發出的言語。 36From heaven he made thee to hear his voice, that he might teach thee. And upon earth he shewed thee his exceeding great fire, and thou didst hear his words out of the midst of the fire,
37他由於愛你的祖先,纔揀選了他們的後裔,親自以強力把你由埃及領出來, 37Because he loved thy fathers, and chose their seed after them. And he brought thee out of Egypt, going before thee with his great power,
38由你面前趕走比你更大的民族,領你進入他們的國土,賜給你作為產業,就如今日一樣。 38To destroy at thy coming very great nations, and stronger than thou art, and to bring thee in, and give thee their land for a possession, as thou seest at this present day.
39所以今日你該知道,且要牢記在心:天上地下,只有上主是天主,再沒有別的神。 39Know therefore this day, and think in thy heart that the Lord he is God in heaven above, and in the earth beneath, and there is no other.
40你應遵守他的法令和誡命,就是我今日所訓示與你的,好使你和你的後代子孫得享幸福,在上主你的天主永久賜給你的土地內、能以久住。」 40Keep his precepts and commandments, which I command thee: that it may be well with thee, and thy children after thee, and thou mayst remain a long time upon the land, which the Lord thy God will give thee.
41那時梅瑟在約但河東,向日出之地,劃定了三座城, 41Then Moses set aside three cities beyond the Jordan at the east side,
42使那素無仇恨而又無心殺死同胞的人,可逃到那裡去避難;凡逃入其中的一座,就可獲救。 42That any one might flee to them who should kill his neighbour unwillingly, and was not his enemy a day or two before, and that he might escape to some one of these cities:
43為勒烏本人指定了位於曠野高原的貝責爾;為加得人指定了基肋阿得的辣摩特;為默納協人指定了巴商的哥藍。 43Bosor in the wilderness, which is situate in the plains of the tribe of Ruben: and Ramoth in Galaad, which is in the tribe of Gad: and Golan in Basan, which is in the tribe of Manasses.
44這是梅瑟在以色列子民面前宣布的法律, 44This is the law, that Moses set before the children of Israel,
45就是梅瑟在以色列子民出埃及後,對他們所發表的勸告、法令和規則。 45And these are the testimonies and ceremonies and judgments, which he spoke to the children of Israel, when they came out of Egypt,
46地點是在約但河東,貝特培敖爾對面的山谷中,即在位於赫市朋的阿摩黎王息紅的國土內。息紅已為梅瑟和以色列子民由埃及出來後所殺, 46Beyond the Jordan in the valley over against the temple of Phogor, in the land of Sehon king of the Amorrhites, that dwelt in Hesebon, whom Moses slew. And the children of Israel coming out of Egypt,
47他的土地為他們所佔領,並且也佔了巴商王敖格的土地。──這兩個阿摩黎人王,住在約但河東,向日出之地, 47Possessed his land, and the land of Og king of Basan, of the two kings of the Amorrhites, who were beyond the Jordan towards the rising of the sun:
48從阿爾農河岸的阿洛厄爾,直到息爾翁山,即赫爾孟山, 48From Aroer, which is situate upon the bank of the torrent Amen, unto mount Sion, which is also called Hermon,
49連約但河東的全阿辣巴荒野在內,直到位於丕斯加山坡下的阿辣巴海。 49All the plain beyond the Jordan at the east side, unto the see of the wilderness, and unto the foot of mount Phasga.



4:1-14
以色列子民的智慧,是由遵守天主的法律而来。为鼓励民众遵守法律,梅瑟特提出天主在巴耳培敖尔所加於他们的惩罚,和天主在西乃山上的显示。参阅户25;出19:16-25。

4:15-20
本段可视为第一诫的注释(出20:1-6)。

4:21-33
21-33节含有预言意义。事实上以色列之所以遭受充军惩罚的最大原因,是由於他们远离了真天主,远离了由埃及奴役中解救了他们的救主,而随从了邪神。参阅28章及列下17:7-23。

4:41-49
此段可视作梅瑟第二篇演说的导言。关於避难城,参见户35:9-34。


申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 5
1梅瑟召集了全以色列人,對他們說:「請聽我今日向你們耳中所宣示的法令和規則,務要學習遵行。 1And Moses called all Israel, and said to them: Hear, O Israel, the ceremonies and judgments, which I speak in your ears this day: learn them, and fulfill them in work.
2上主我們的天主在曷勒布與我們立了約。 2The Lord our God made a covenant with us in Horeb.
3上主並不是與我們的祖先立了這約,而是與我們今日在這裡尚生存的眾人。 3He made not the covenant with our fathers, but with us, who are now present and living.
4上主在山上,從火中面對面地與你們談過話。 4He spoke to us face to face in the mount out of the midst of fire.
5那時我站在上主和你們中間,給你們傳達上主的話,因為你們一見火便害了怕,沒有上到山上去。上主說: 5I was the mediator and stood between the Lord and you at that time, to shew you his words, for you feared the fire, and went not up into the mountain, and he said:
6「我是上主,你的天主,我曾領你離開埃及地,那為奴之家, 6I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
7除我以外,你不可有別的神。 7Thou shalt not have strange gods in my sight.
8你不可為自己雕刻偶像,或製造任何上天下地,或地下水中所有各物的形像。 8Thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing, nor the likeness of any things, that are in heaven above, or that are in the earth beneath, or that abide in the waters under the earth.
9你不可叩拜,也不可事奉這樣的偶像,因為我上主,你的天主是忌邪的天主。對於恨我的人,我必在子孫身上追罰他們祖先的罪惡,直到第三代,第四代; 9Thou shalt not adore them, and thou shalt not serve them. For I am the Lord thy God, a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon their children unto the third and fourth generation, to them that hate me,
10對於愛我,守我誡命的人,我對他們施行仁慈,直到千代。 10And shewing mercy unto many thousands, to them that love me, and keep my commandments.
11你不可妄呼上主,你天主的名,因為上主決不放過妄呼他名的人。 11Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain: for he shall not be unpunished that taketh his name upon a vain thing.
12當照上主,你的天主吩咐的,遵守安息日,奉為聖日。 12Observe the day of the sabbath, to sanctify it, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee.
13六天你當勞作,做你一切工作; 13Six days shalt thou labour, and shalt do all thy works.
14第七天是上主你天主的安息日,你和你的子女、僕婢、牛驢、你所有的牲畜,以及住在你城內的外方人,都不應做任何工作,好使你的僕婢能如你一樣獲得安息。 14The seventh is the day of the sabbath, that is, the rest of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt not do any work therein, thou nor thy son nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant nor thy maidservant, nor thy ox, nor thy ass, nor any of thy beasts, nor the stranger that is within thy gates: that thy manservant and thy maidservant may rest, even as thyself.
15你應記得:你在埃及地也曾做過奴隸,上主你的天主以大能的手和伸展的臂,將你從那裡領出來;為此,上主你的天主吩咐你守安息日。 15Remember that thou also didst serve in Egypt, and the Lord thy God brought thee out from thence with a strong hand, and a stretched out arm. Therefore hath he commanded thee that thou shouldst observe the sabbath day.
16應照上主你的天主吩咐你的,孝敬你的父母,好使你能享高壽,並在上主你的天主賜給你的土地內,獲享幸福。 16Honour thy father and mother, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee, that thou mayst live a long time, and it may be well with thee in the land, which the Lord thy God will give thee.
17不可殺人。 17Thou shalt not kill.
18不可姦淫。 18Neither shalt thou commit adultery.
19不可偷盜。 19And thou shalt not steal.
20不可作假見證害你的近人。 20Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.
21不可貪戀你近人的妻子;不可貪圖你近人的房屋、田地、僕婢、牛驢,以及屬於你近人的一切事物。」 21Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife: nor his house, nor his field, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is his.
22這是上主在山上,由火中,由濃雲黑暗裡,大聲對你們會眾所說的話,再沒有加添什麼;並將這些話寫在兩塊石版上,交給了我。 22These words the Lord spoke to all the multitude of you in the mountain, out of the midst of the fire and the cloud, and the darkness, with a loud voice, adding nothing more: and he wrote them in two tables of stone, which he delivered unto me.
23當山上火焰四射,你們聽到由黑暗中發出來的聲音時,你們各支派的首領和長老,都來到我跟前, 23But you, after you heard the voice out of the midst of the darkness, and saw the mountain burn, came to me, all the princes of the tribes and the elders, and you said:
24說:「看,上主我們的天主,使我們看見了他的榮耀和偉大,我們也聽見了他由火中發出的聲音;今日我們見了天主與人說話,而人還能生存! 24Behold the Lord our God hath shewn us his majesty and his greatness, we have heard his voice out of the midst of the fire, and have proved this day that God speaking with man, man hath lived.
25現在,我們為什麼要冒死,為這大火所吞滅?如果我們繼續聽上主我們天主的聲音,我們必死無疑。 25Why shall we die therefore, and why shall this exceeding great fire consume us: for if we hear the voice of the Lord our God any more, we shall die.
26因為凡有血肉的人,有誰如我們一樣,聽到永生的天主由火中說話的聲音,而仍能生存呢? 26What is all flesh, that it should hear the voice of the living God, who speaketh out of the midst of the fire, as we have heard, and be able to live?
27請你近前去,聆聽上主我們的天主所說的一切;然後你將上主我們的天主對你所說的話,轉告給我們;我們必聽從,也必遵行。」 27Approach thou rather: and hear all things that the Lord our God shall say to thee, and thou shalt speak to us, and we will hear and will do them.
28你們對我所說的話,上主聽見了;遂對我說:「我聽見了這人民對你所說的話;他們所說的都對。 28And when the Lord had heard this, he said to me: I have heard the voice of the words of this people, which they spoke to thee: they have spoken all things well.
29惟願他們常存這樣的心思,敬畏我,遵守我的一切誡命,好使他們和他們的子孫永享幸福。 29Who shall give them to have such a mind, to fear me, and to keep all my commandments at all times, that it may be well with them and with their children for ever?
30你去對他們說:你們回到你們的帳幕內去。 30Go and say to them: Return into your tents.
31但是,你應留在我這裡,我要將一切誡命、法令和規則訓示你,你再教訓他們,好叫他們在我賜給他們作為產業的地上遵行。」 31But stand thou here with me, and I will speak to thee all my commandments, and ceremonies and judgments: which thou shalt teach them, that they may do them in the land, which I will give them for a possession.
32所以你們應完全遵照上主你們的天主所吩咐你們的行事,不可偏右偏左。 32Keep therefore and do the things which the Lord God hath commanded you: you shall not go aside neither to the right hand, nor to the left.
33在一切事上,只應履行上主你們的天主給你們指定的道路,好使你們在你們要去佔領的地方,得以生存、興盛、長壽。 33But you shall walk in the way that the Lord your God hath commanded, that you may live, and it may be well with you, and your days may be long in the land of your possession.



5:4
「面对面地」一句,是说:起初天主直接对百姓发言,之後因百姓怕死,天主遂把自己的意旨告诉梅瑟,让梅瑟再转告给百姓。见24-31节;出19:16-25和24全章。

5:5-21
关於十诫,参阅出20章及注。希腊和拉丁通行本将17-20四节并作一节(18节),因而与原文有叁节之差。





申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 6
1以下是上主你們的天主吩咐我教給你們的誡命、法令和規則,叫你們在過河後去佔領的地內遵行, 1These are the precepts, and ceremonies, and judgments, which the Lord your God commanded that I should teach you, and that you should do them in the land into which you pass over to possess it:
2好使你和你的子子孫孫,終生日日敬畏上主你的天主,遵守我吩咐你的一切法令和誡命,使你獲享長壽。 2That thou mayst fear the Lord thy God, and keep all his commandments and precepts, which I command thee, and thy sons, and thy grandsons, all the days of thy life, that thy days may be prolonged.
3以色列!你要聽,且謹守遵行,好使你在流奶流蜜的地方,獲得幸福,人數增多,如上主你祖先的天主所許給你的。 3Hear, O Israel, and observe to do the things which the Lord hath commanded thee, that it may be well with thee, and thou mayst be greatly multiplied, as the Lord the God of thy fathers hath promised thee a land flowing with milk and honey.
4以色列!你要聽:上主我們的天主,是唯一的上主。 4Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God is one Lord.
5你當全心、全靈、全力,愛上主你的天主。 5Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, and with thy whole soul, and with thy whole strength.
6我今天吩咐你的這些話,你應牢記在心, 6And these words which I command thee this day, shall be in thy heart:
7並將這些話灌輸給你的子女。不論你住在家裡,或在路上行走,或臥或立,常應講論這些話; 7And thou shalt tell them to thy children, and thou shalt meditate upon them sitting in thy house, and walking on thy journey, sleeping and rising.
8又該繫在你的手上,當作標記;懸在額上,當作徽號; 8And thou shalt bind them as a sign on thy hand, and they shall be and shall move between thy eyes.
9刻在你住宅的門框上和門扇上。 9And thou shalt write them in the entry, and on the doors of thy house.
10上主你的天主,幾時領你進入他向你的祖先亞巴郎、依撒格和雅各伯起誓,要賜給你的地方,那裡有高大壯觀的城邑,而不是你所建造的; 10And when the Lord thy God shall have brought thee into the land, for which he swore to thy fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob: and shall have given thee great and goodly cities, which thou didst not build,
11有充滿各樣寶物的住宅,而不是你裝滿的;有蓄水池,而不是你挖掘的;有葡萄園和橄欖樹林,而不是你栽植的;──當你吃飽時, 11Houses full of riches, which thou didst not set up, cisterns which thou didst not dig, vineyards and oliveyards, which thou didst not plant,
12你應留心,不要忘了領你由埃及地,為奴之家,出來的上主。 12And thou shalt have eaten and be full:
13你要敬畏上主你的天主,只事奉他,只以他的名起誓。 13Take heed diligently lest thou forget the Lord, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt fear the Lord thy God, and shalt serve him only, and thou shalt swear by his name.
14不可追隨別的神,即你們四周民族的神, 14You shall not go after the strange gods of all the nations, that are round about you:
15因為在你中間的上主你的天主,是忌邪的天主,免得上主你的天主發怒,將你由地上消滅。 15Because the Lord thy God is a jealous God in the midst of thee: lest at any time the wrath of the Lord thy God be kindled against thee, and take thee away from the face of the earth.
16你們不可試探上主你們的天主,如同在瑪撒試探了他一樣。 16Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God, as thou temptedst him in the place of temptation.
17應謹慎遵守上主你們天主所吩咐你的誡命、教訓和法令。 17Keep the precepts of the Lord thy God, and the testimonies and ceremonies which he hath commanded thee.
18應做上主眼中視為正義和美善的事,使你能獲得幸福,能去佔領上主誓許與你祖先的那塊肥美的土地, 18And do that which is pleasing and good in the sight of the Lord, that it may be well with thee: and going in thou mayst possess the goodly land, concerning which the Lord swore to thy fathers,
19能由你面前驅逐你的一切仇敵,如上主所應許的。 19That he would destroy all thy enemies before thee, as he hath spoken.
20假使日後你的兒子問你說:「上主我們的天主吩咐你們的這些教訓、法令和規則,究竟有什麼意思?」 20And when thy son shall ask thee tomorrow, saying: What mean these testimonies, and ceremonies and judgments, which the Lord our God hath commanded us?
21你應對你的兒子說:我們曾在埃及作過法郎的奴隸,上主卻以大能的手將我們由埃及領了出來。 21Thou shalt say to him: We were bondmen of Pharao in Egypt, and the Lord brought us out of Egypt with a strong hand.
22上主在我們的眼前,對埃及,對法郎和他全家,行了轟轟烈烈的神蹟和奇事; 22And he wrought signs and wonders great and very grievous in Egypt against Pharao, and all his house, in our sight,
23將我們從那裡領出來,領我們進入他誓許給我們的祖先,要賜給我們的土地。 23And he brought us out from thence, that he might bring us in and give us the land, concerning which he swore to our fathers.
24那時,上主吩咐我們遵行這一切法令,為敬畏上主我們的天主,為使我們時時得享幸福,得保生命,就如今日一樣。 24And the Lord commanded that we should do all these ordinances, and should fear the Lord our God, that it might be well with us all the days of our life, as it is at this day.
25我們在上主我們的天主面前,照他所吩咐我們的,謹慎遵行這一切誡命,就是我們的義德。 25And he will be merciful to us, if we keep and do all his precepts before the Lord our God, as he hath commanded us.



6:4-9
6:4-9和11:13-21各节经文,是犹太人至今每天当念的「信经」。 额上的徽号和手上所系的标记,似乎应按寓意来解释,即要人时时处处记念天主,遵守他的诫命(出13:9-16),但日後犹太人却按字面来讲,公开在额上带着经匣(玛23:5)。现今犹太经师只在领导聚会祈祷时佩带。

6:13-16
耶稣为退魔鬼的诱惑,曾引用了本章13,16两节经文(玛4:7-10)。关於玛撒事件,见出17:1-7;户20:2-13;咏95:8-9。

6:17-24
以色列人不但如同其他民族一样属於上主,因为上主是人类的创造者,而且更由於天主从埃及,为奴之家,解救了他们,特选他们为自己的民族,为自己的产业,因而比其他民族更属於天主。是以出埃及的史事在旧约内,为以民极端重要,犹如耶稣的苦难、圣死和复活奥迹,为新约的选民一般重要一样。

6:25
「义德」有人译作「功劳」,似乎不妥。这里的「义德」虽和圣保禄所讲的「正义」不同,但因4-9节论及天主的惟一性和人类应全心全灵爱天主的道理,为此本节可视作圣保禄所讲「正义」道理的滥觞。
申命紀 Deuteronomy Deuteronomy:Chapter 7
1當上主你的天主領你進入你要去佔領的地方,由你面前驅逐許多民族,即赫特人、基爾加士人、阿摩黎人、客納罕人、培黎齊人、希威人和耶步斯人,那七個比你又多又強的民族時, 1When the Lord thy God shall have brought thee into the land, which thou art going in to possess, and shall have destroyed many nations before thee, the Hethite, and the Gergezite, and the Amorrhite, and the Chanaanite, and the Pherezite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite, seven nations much more numerous than thou art, and stronger than thou:
2當上主你的天主將他們交給你,打敗他們時,你應完全消滅他們,不可與他們立約,也不可恩待他們; 2And the Lord thy God shall have delivered them to thee, thou shalt utterly destroy them. Thou shalt make no league with them, nor shew mercy to them:
3不可與他們通婚,不可將你的女兒嫁給他們的兒子,也不可為你的兒子娶他們的女兒; 3Neither shalt thou make marriages with them. Thou shalt not give thy daughter to his son, nor take his daughter for thy son:
4因為他們必要使你們的子女遠離我,而去事奉別的神,致使上主向你們大發忿怒,將你們迅速消滅。 4For she will turn away thy son from following me, that he may rather serve strange gods, and the wrath of the Lord will be kindled, and will quickly destroy thee.
5你們應這樣對待他們:拆毀他們的祭壇,打碎他們的石碣,砍倒他們的神柱,燒毀他們的雕像。 5But thus rather shall you deal with them: Destroy their altars, and break their statues, and cut down their groves, and burn their graven things.
6因為你是屬於上主你天主的聖民,上主你的天主由地面上所有的民族中,揀選了你作自己特屬的人民。 6Because thou art a holy people to the Lord thy God. The Lord thy God hath chosen thee, to be his peculiar people of all peoples that are upon the earth.
7上主喜愛你們,揀選你們,並不是因為你們比其餘的民族人數眾多;其實你們在所有的民族中,是最少的一個; 7Not because you surpass all nations in number, is the Lord joined unto you, and hath chosen you, for you are the fewest of any people:
8而是由於上主對你們的愛,並為履行他向你們祖先所起的誓,上主纔以大能的手解救你們,將你們由為奴之家,由埃及王法郎的手中救出來。 8But because the Lord hath loved you, and hath kept his oath, which he swore to your fathers: and hath brought you out with a strong hand, and redeemed you from the house of bondage, out of the hand of Pharao the king of Egypt.
9所以,你應知道,只有上主你的天主是天主,是對那愛他,遵守他誡命的人,守約施恩直到千代的忠信的天主; 9And thou shalt know that the Lord thy God, he is a strong and faithful God, keeping his covenant and mercy to them that love him, and to them that keep his commandments, unto a thousand generations:
10但對那恨他的人,他必當面報復,將他消滅;對恨他的人,他決不遲延,必當面報復。 10And repaying forthwith them that hate him, so as to destroy them, without further delay immediately rendering to them what they deserve.
11所以你要謹慎遵行我今天吩咐你的誡命、法令和規則。 11Keep therefore the precepts and ceremonies and judgments, which I command thee this day to do.
12如果你們聽從這些法令,謹守遵行,上主你的天主必照他向你祖先起的誓,對你守約施恩。 12If after thou hast heard these judgments, thou keep and do them, the Lord thy God will also keep his covenant to thee, and the mercy which he swore to thy fathers:
13他必愛你,祝福你,增加你的人數;在向你的祖先起誓許給你的地上,祝福你身生的子女,你地內的出產、五穀、酒、油,以及牛羊的生產。 13And he will love thee and multiply thee, and will bless the fruit of thy womb, and the fruit of thy land, thy corn, and thy vintage, thy oil, and thy herds, and the flocks of thy sheep upon the land, for which he swore to thy fathers that he would give it thee.
14萬民中你是最有福的;在你內沒有不育的男女,牲畜中沒有不生殖的雌雄。 14Blessed shalt thou be among all people. No one shall be barren among you of either sex, neither of men nor cattle.
15上主必使一切疾病遠離你;你所知道的埃及的各種惡疾,決不加在你身上,反而加在一切恨你的人身上。 15The Lord will take away from thee all sickness: and the grievous infirmities of Egypt, which thou knowest, he will not bring upon thee, but upon thy enemies.
16凡上主你的天主交給你的民族,你都要消滅,不可憐視,也不可事奉他們的神,因為這是陷害你的羅網。 16Thou shalt consume all the people, which the Lord thy God will deliver to thee. Thy eye shall not spare them, neither shalt thou serve their gods, lest they be thy ruin.
17假如你心裡想:這些民族比我人多,我怎能趕走他們? 17If thou say in thy heart: These nations are more than I, how shall I be able to destroy them?
18你不要怕他們,只應記起上主你的天主對法郎和全埃及所做的事。 18Fear not, but remember what the Lord thy God did to Pharao and to all the Egyptians,
19你親眼見了上主你的天主為救你所用的大災難、神蹟、奇事、大能的手和伸展的臂;上主你的天主也必同樣對待你所怕的一切民族。 19The exceeding great plagues, which thy eyes saw, and the signs and wonders, and the strong hand, and the stretched out arm, with which the Lord thy God brought thee out: so will he do to all the people, whom thou fearest.
20此外,上主你的天主必打發黃蜂來攻擊他們,直到那些殘存和由你面前隱藏起來的人完全消滅為止。 20Moreover the Lord thy God will send also hornets among them, until he destroy and consume all that have escaped thee, and could hide themselves.
21在他們面前,你不應畏懼,因為在你中間有上主你的天主,大而可畏的天主。 21Thou shalt not fear them, because the Lord thy God is in the midst of thee, a God mighty and terrible:
22上主你的天主必將這些民族由你面前漸漸驅逐;你不可將他們迅速消滅,免得野獸增多而於你不利。 22He will consume these nations in thy sight by little and little and by degrees. Thou wilt not be able to destroy them altogether: lest perhaps the beasts of the earth should increase upon thee.
23上主你的天主必將他們交於你,使他們大起恐慌,直到他們全被消滅。 23But the Lord thy God shall deliver them in thy sight: and shall slay them until they be utterly destroyed.
24他必將他們的君王交在你手中,你必使他們的名由天下消滅;沒有一人能對抗你,直到你將他們完全消滅。 24And he shall deliver their kings into thy hands, and thou shalt destroy their names from under Heaven: no man shall be able to resist thee, until thou destroy them.
25你應將他們的神像,投在火中燒掉;不應貪圖神像上的金銀,而留為己有,免得陷於羅網,因為這於上主你的天主是可憎之物。 25Their graven things thou shalt burn with fire: thou shalt not covet the silver and gold of which they are made, neither shalt thou take to thee any thing thereof, lest thou offend, because it is an abomination to the Lord thy God.
26可憎之物,不可帶進你屋內;免得你與那些東西一同毀滅;你應厭惡憎恨這一切,因為那是應毀滅之物。 26Neither shalt thou bring any thing of the idol into thy house, lest thou become an anathema, like it. Thou shalt detest it as dung, and shalt utterly abhor it as uncleanness and filth, because it is an anathema.



7:1
这七个民族,(有时只提六个)是巴力斯坦当时的土着,见20:17;创15:20-21;出3:8-17;苏3:10等处。

7:2-11
按本章所载,天主容许「毁灭律」的习俗存在,如耶稣所说,天主昔日容忍休妻制度存在一样(玛19:8)。新约时代的人,对这种有违人道的风俗,不免深感奇怪,但我们若能了解下列五点,多少会改变我们的观点:一、客纳罕人罪大恶极;二、天主为万物之主,可用这种法律惩罚罪人;叁、旧约中的制度尚未臻於完善境界,不能与新约相比;四、这法律的主要用意,是为保持选民宗教纯洁;五、这法律可以看作常有的天灾人祸,如地震、瘟疫、火灾、战争等:这一切都是天主所容许的。参阅智12。







智慧書 Poetical and Didactic Books 概論
所謂「智慧書」包括《約伯傳》、《聖詠集》、《箴言》、《訓道篇》、《雅歌》、《智慧篇》、《德訓篇》七書。有些學者將這七部書稱為「詩集」;但另有些學者只將《約伯傳》和《聖詠集》稱為「詩集」,將其他五部稱為「智慧書」。

這七部書所以稱為「智慧書」,是由於各書的內容和目的,無非是教訓人認識智慧,教訓人怎樣獲得智慧,怎樣增加智慧,怎樣解釋智慧,怎樣瞭解智慧的作用和效能,藉以指導人行善避惡。

聖經中「智慧」的意義很是廣汎;為清晰起見,可分為人的智慧和天主的智慧。

人的智慧可說是人自然的能力,但這能力能藉經驗、實習和教育而增長。但智慧也可說是天主的恩惠,或天主聖神的恩賜(箴2:6;約11:6, 32:8;智7:27等處)。在《智慧篇》內,智慧有時等於天主的聖寵(4:10; 7:14等處)。

天主的智慧是他的美德之一,而且只有天主具有完美的智慧。世人若非有天主的賞賜,是無法得到的(約28;巴3:15-37)。天主曾把智慧賜予那些建造會幕的技工(出28:3, 31:3),以及一些特選的人,如若瑟(創40:8)、達尼爾(達1:17, 4:5),尤其為選民領袖的梅瑟(戶11:17)、達味(撒下14:17)、撒羅滿(列上3:11)、厄斯德拉(厄上7:25)等人。智慧在《舊約》裡,非但同天主聖神有關係,甚至有時視為聖神的本體(依11:2-6;智7:22等處)。智慧除了上述的意義外,有時竟具有「位格」,彷彿是天主三位中的一位;換句話說,讀者在讀約28;箴8;德24;智7各章時,可能認為將智慧「位格化」,尚不足以解釋聖作者對智慧所論述的意義,因在上述各章內所描寫的智慧,實在有一「位格」。也許《舊約》的讀者從未想到天主內在生活的奧義,即天主聖三的奧義;可是天主實在用這「智慧」的道理預備了「新約」的啟示。總而言之:在《聖詠集》中所述的「智慧」,只是天主的美德;在德24:22-27所寫的「智慧」,是指梅瑟的法律;《約伯傳》內的「智慧」,已有了「位格」的含意;《箴言》和《德訓篇》中的「智慧」,儼然具有位格,且分享天主的性體,能獨立存在;在《智慧篇》裡的「智慧」,實具有天主固有的德能,即全知全能。由於聖保祿聖若望二位宗徒論及天主聖子的「先存性」時,曾藉用了《舊約》內「智慧」的概念,因此我們可以明瞭,為何教會初期的教父(尤其亞達納削),多把上述四部書內的「智慧」,解釋作天主聖言,即天主第二位聖子了。
  
約伯傳 Job 引言
《約伯傳》不但在《聖經》中算是一本最優美的作品,而且在世界文學中也堪稱是一部名著。本書所討論的,是人生最普遍而又極深奧,且又常困擾人心的難題;若果如我國古語所說:「天道福善禍淫」,何以有許多善人一世受苦遭難?以民對這問題,更感到無法解答,因為在盟約的法律上,有明文道及:守法者在今世必獲賞報,違法者必受懲罰。本書作者乃引古義人約伯的事蹟為例,反覆辯論;但最後結論,仍未獲致一個令人滿意的圓滿解答;唯一可寬慰人心的:即要人本著信德,將自己的命運全托於天主的照顧。

約伯原非以色列人,而是古代東方的一位賢者(則14:14,20)。本書的前兩章及結論(42:7-17),乃敘述這位守正不阿的賢者的簡史。最初他原是富甲一方,有一個兒女滿堂的幸福家庭,剎那間家破人亡,而且由頭至腳長滿了毒瘡:人世間再沒有比這更不幸更悲慘的了。但賢者約伯雖在這極度的苦痛中,仍一心寄望於公義仁慈的天主。最後天主又恢復了他昔日的幸福,且加倍地賞報了他。

作者根據這一民間故事,以優美的詩體,編寫了這部富有戲劇色彩的對白式傑作。作者藉三位來慰問約伯的朋友,展開了對人生苦痛的根由和目的的辯論,末後且有一段與天主的對白。在對白的第一段內,三位友人一致強調,遭受苦痛磨難的唯一理由,乃罪惡的結果。但約伯卻加以堅決否認,且強調他從未作過絲毫背天理喪良心的事,並懇求天主代他伸冤(3-31章)。在對白的第二段內,藉約伯另一友人厄里烏提出另一理由,來解釋人間的苦痛。他認為人之所以遭受苦痛,也許是天主警醒世人,或為鍛鍊他所鍾愛的人;總之,人不得埋怨及批評天主(32-37章)。在對白的第三段內,作者假設天主在旋風中現身說法,要人謙虛為懷,絕不應妄作聰明,且要絕對承認天主的全能,和他無窮的上智,本著信德,安心把自己全委托於天主公義的照顧(38:1-42:6)。

關於本書作者為誰,又寫於那一世紀,都是很不易解答的難題。大抵說來,是寫於公元前五世紀,不過,這些問題與本書內容是沒有什麼關係的。為人最有關係的,是探討人生苦痛之由來的難題。作者雖未能將人何以遭受苦痛之奧秘揭穿,但他那偉大的信仰卻告知世人,當遇到磨難時,應如何應付。對作者未能圓滿解答的難題,為我們生活在基督內的新約子民,已不存在了;由耶穌的言行,我們已獲得了圓滿的解答,宛如聖保祿宗徒所說:「現在的苦楚,與將來要顯示在我們身上的光榮,是不能較量的」(羅8:18)。