肋未纪 Leviticus Chapter 11
    Leviticus

    Chapter11

    11TheLORDsaidtoMosesandAaron,

    上主训示梅瑟和亚郎说:"

    2"SpeaktotheIsraelitesandtellthem:Ofalllandanimalsthesearetheonesyoumayeat:

    你们应告诉以色列子民说:地上的一切走兽中,你们可吃的兽类如下:

    3anyanimalthathashoofsyoumayeat,provideditiscloven-footedandchewsthecud.

    凡走兽中有偶蹄,有趾及反刍的,你们都可以吃。

    4Butyoushallnoteatanyofthefollowingthatonlychewthecudoronlyhavehoofs:thecamel,whichindeedchewsthecud,butdoesnothavehoofsandisthereforeuncleanforyou;

    但在反刍或有偶蹄的走兽中,你们不可吃的是骆驼,因为骆驼虽反刍,但偶蹄无趾,对你们仍是不洁的;

    52therockbadger,whichindeedchewsthecud,butdoesnothavehoofsandisthereforeuncleanforyou;

    岩狸,它虽反刍,但偶蹄无趾,对你们仍是不洁的;

    6thehare,whichindeedchewsthecud,butdoesnothavehoofsandisthereforeuncleanforyou;andthepig,

    兔子虽反刍,偶蹄无趾,对你们仍是不洁的;

    7whichdoesindeedhavehoofsandiscloven-footed,butdoesnotchewthecudandisthereforeuncleanforyou.

    猪,它虽有偶蹄,蹄虽有趾,却不反刍,对你们仍是不洁的。

    8Theirfleshyoushallnoteat,andtheirdeadbodiesyoushallnottouch;theyareuncleanforyou.

    这些走兽的肉,你们不可吃;它们的尸体,也不可触摸,因为对你们都是不洁的。

    9"Ofthevariouscreaturesthatliveinthewater,youmayeatthefollowing:whateverintheseasorinriverwatershasbothfinsandscalesyoumayeat.

    水族中你们可吃的如下:凡是水中有鳍有鳞的,不论是海里的,或河里的,都可以吃;

    10Butofthevariouscreaturesthatcrawlorswiminthewater,whetherintheseaorintherivers,allthosethatlackeitherfinsorscalesareloathsomeforyou,

    但凡在水中蠕动,和在水中生存的生物,若没有鳍和鳞,不论是海里,或河里的,都是你们所当憎恶的。

    11andyoushalltreatthemasloathsome.Theirfleshyoushallnoteat,andtheirdeadbodiesyoushallloathe.

    这些水族,都是你们所当憎恶的:它们的肉不可吃;它们的尸体,你们当视为可憎恶之物。

    12Everywatercreaturethatlacksfinsorscalesisloathsomeforyou.

    水族中凡没有鳍和鳞的,都是你们所当憎恶的。

    133"Ofthebirds,theseyoushallloatheand,asloathsome,theyshallnotbeeaten:theeagle,thevulture,theosprey,

    飞禽中,你们应视为可憎而不可吃,应视为可憎之物的是:鹰、鹗、鹫、

    14thekite,thevariousspeciesoffalcons,

    鸢及隼之类;

    15thevariousspeciesofcrows,

    凡乌鸦之类;

    16theostrich,thenightjar,thegull,thevariousspeciesofhawks,

    驼鸟、夜鹰、海鸥和苍鹰之类;

    17theowl,thecormorant,thescreechowl,

    小枭、鸬鹚和鸱鸺,

    18thebarnowl,thedesertowl,thebuzzard,

    白鹭、塘鹅和白鹫,

    194thestork,thevariousspeciesofherons,thehoopoe,andthebat.

    鹳鹭类、戴胜和蝙蝠。

    20"Thevariouswingedinsectsthatwalkonallfoursareloathsomeforyou.

    凡是有翅,四足爬行的昆虫,都是你们所当憎恶的;

    21Butofthevariouswingedinsectsthatwalkonallfoursyoumayeatthosethathavejointedlegsforleapingontheground;

    但在有翅,四足爬行的昆虫中,凡有脚以外,还有大腿,在地上能跳的,你们可以吃。

    225henceoftheseyoumayeatthefollowing:thevariouskindsoflocusts,thevariouskindsofgrasshoppers,thevariouskindsofkatydids,andthevariouskindsofcrickets.

    你们可吃的是:飞蝗之类,蚱蜢之类,蟋蟀之类和螽斯之类;

    23Allotherwingedinsectsthathavefourlegsareloathsomeforyou.

    其它凡有翅,四足爬行的昆虫,都是你们所当憎恶的。

    246"Suchistheuncleannessthatyoucontract,thateveryonewhotouchestheirdeadbodiesshallbeuncleanuntilevening,

    遇到以下的光景也能使你们不洁:凡触摸这些昆虫尸体的人,直到晚上不洁;

    25andeveryonewhopicksupanypartoftheirdeadbodiesshallwashhisgarmentsandbeuncleanuntilevening.

    凡移动它们尸体的人,应洗涤自己的衣服,直到晚上是不洁的。

    267Allhoofedanimalsthatarenotcloven-footedordonotchewthecudareuncleanforyou;everyonewhotouchesthembecomesunclean.

    凡有偶蹄而无趾的,或不反刍的走兽,为你们都是不洁的;谁触摸了就染上了不洁。

    278Ofthevariousquadrupeds,allthosethatwalkonpawsareuncleanforyou;everyonewhotouchestheirdeadbodiesshallbeuncleanuntilevening,

    一切四足动物中,凡用脚掌行走的,为你们都是不洁的;谁触摸了它们的尸体,直到晚上是不洁的;

    28andeveryonewhopicksuptheirdeadbodiesshallwashhisgarmentsandbeuncleanuntilevening.Suchistheiruncleannessforyou.

    谁移动了它们的尸体,应洗涤自己的衣服,直到晚上是不洁的。这些动物为你们都是不洁的。

    29"Ofthecreaturesthatswarmontheground,thefollowingareuncleanforyou:therat,themouse,thevariouskindsoflizards,

    在地上爬行的动物中,为你们不洁的是:鼹鼠、老鼠和蜥蜴之类;

    30thegecko,thechameleon,theagama,theskink,andthemole.

    壁虎、避役、蛇舅母、乌龟和伶鼬。

    31Amongthevariousswarmingcreatures,theseareuncleanforyou.Everyonewhotouchesthemwhentheyaredeadshallbeuncleanuntilevening.

    这些爬行的动物,为你们都是不洁的;它们死后,谁触摸了,直到晚上是不洁的。

    32Everythingonwhichoneofthemfallswhendeadbecomesunclean.Anysucharticlethatmenuse,whetheritbeanarticleofwood,cloth,leatherorgoathair,mustbeputinwaterandremainuncleanuntilevening,whenitagainbecomesclean.

    其中死了的,掉在什么物体上,不论是木器,或衣服,或皮具,或囊袋,凡能用的器具,即成为不洁,应放入水内,直到晚上是不洁的;,以后才算洁净;

    33Shouldanyofthesecreaturesfallintoaclayvessel,everythinginitbecomesunclean,andthevesselitselfyoumustbreak.

    一切陶器,如有它们中一个掉在里面,里面所有的一切即成为不洁,陶器应该打破;

    34Anysolidfoodthatwasincontactwithwater,andanyliquidthatmendrink,inanysuchvesselbecomeunclean.

    如里面的水滴在任何食物上,食物即成为不洁的;在这种陶器内装了任何饮料,饮料也成为不洁的。

    35Anyobjectonwhichoneoftheirdeadbodiesfalls,becomesunclean;ifitisanovenorajar-stand,thismustbebrokentopieces;theyareuncleanandshallbetreatedasuncleanbyyou.

    它们的尸体无论掉在什么东西上,那东西即成为不洁的:不拘炉或灶都应打碎,因为是不洁的,你们也应视为不洁。

    369However,aspringoracisternforcollectingwaterremainsclean;butwhoevertouchesthedeadbodybecomesunclean.

    水泉和蓄水池虽是洁净的,但是那接触尸体的,即成为不洁。

    37Anysortofcultivatedgrainremainscleaneventhoughoneoftheirdeadbodiesfallsonit;

    如果他们中一个尸体掉在要播种的种籽上,种籽仍是洁净的;

    38butifthegrainhasbecomemoistened,itbecomesuncleanwhenoneofthesefallsonit.

    但若种籽已浸了水,而尸体掉在上面,这种籽对你们便成了不洁的。

    39"Whenoneoftheanimalsthatyoucouldotherwiseeat,diesofitself,anyonewhotouchesitsdeadbodyshallbeuncleanuntilevening;

    若你们可吃的一只走兽死了,谁触摸了它的尸体,直到晚上是不洁的;

    40andanyonewhoeatsofitsdeadbodyshallwashhisgarmentsandbeuncleanuntilevening;soalso,anyonewhoremovesitsdeadbodyshallwashhisgarmentsandbeuncleanuntilevening.

    谁吃了这尸体的肉,应洗涤自己的衣服,并且直到晚上是不洁的。谁移动了这尸体,也应洗涤自己的衣服,而且直到晚上是不洁的。

    41"Allthecreaturesthatswarmonthegroundareloathsomeandshallnotbeeaten.

    凡地上的爬虫,都是当憎恶的,都不可吃。

    42Whetheritcrawlsonitsbelly,goesonallfours,orhasmanylegs,youshalleatnoswarmingcreature:theyareloathsome.

    不论是用腹部爬行的,或用四足爬行的,或多足的,凡是地上的爬虫,你们都不可吃,因为都是可憎恶的。

    43Donotmakeyourselvesloathsomeoruncleanwithanyswarmingcreaturethroughbeingcontaminatedbythem.

    你们不要因任何爬虫而使你们成为可憎恶的;你们不要因它们而成为不洁的,或染上不洁,

    44ForI,theLORD,amyourGod;andyoushallmakeandkeepyourselvesholy,becauseIamholy.Youshallnotmakeyourselvesunclean,then,byanyswarmingcreaturethatcrawlsontheground.

    因为我上主是你们的天主:你们该表现为圣洁的,你们应是圣的,因为我是圣的。你们不要因地上的任何爬虫,而使自己成为不洁的,

    45SinceI,theLORD,broughtyouupfromthelandofEgyptthatImightbeyourGod,youshallbeholy,becauseIamholy.

    因为是我上主领你们由埃及地上来,为作你们的天主:你们应是圣的,因为我是圣的。

    46"Thisisthelawforanimalsandbirdsandforallthecreaturesthatmoveaboutinthewaterorswarmontheground,

    以上是有关走兽飞禽,一切水中游行和地上一切爬行动物的法律,

    47thatyoumaydistinguishbetweenthecleanandtheunclean,betweencreaturesthatmaybeeatenandthosethatmaynotbeeaten."

    以便分别洁与不洁,可吃与不可吃的生物。"

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    Footnotes(注解)

    1[1-3]Thesedistinctionsbetweenedibleandinediblemeatswereprobablybasedontraditionalideasofhygiene,buttheyareheregivenamoral,religiousbasis:theinediblevarietiesareclassifiedas"unclean"toremindtheIsraelitesthattheyaretobeapureandholypeople,dedicatedtotheLord.

    2[5-6]Accordingtomodernzoology,therockbadger(hyraxSyriacus)isclassifiedasanungulate,andthehareasarodent;neitherisaruminant.Theyappeartochewtheirfoodasthetrueruminantsdo,anditisuponthisappearancethattheclassificationinthetextisbased.

    3[13-19,30]TheidentificationofthevariousHebrewnamesforthesebirdsandreptilesisinmanycasesuncertain.

    4[19]Thebat:actuallyamammal,butlistedherewiththebirdsbecauseofitswings.

    5[22]TheHebrewdistinguishesfourclassesofediblelocust-likeinsects,butthedifferencebetweenthemisquiteuncertain.CfMatthew3:4.

    6[24-28]Thisparagraphsharpenstheprohibitionagainstuncleananimals:notonlyistheirmeatunfitforfood,butcontactwiththeirdeadbodiesmakesapersonrituallyunclean.

    7[26]Allhoofedanimalsthatarenotcloven-footed:suchasthehorseandtheass.

    8[27]Allthosethatwalkonpaws:suchasdogsandcats.

    9[36]Whoevertouchesthedeadbody:toremovethedeadinsectfromthewatersupply.