Luke
Chapter 20
1 1 One day as he was teaching the people in the temple area and proclaiming the good news, the chief priests and scribes, together with the elders, approached him
有一天，耶稣在圣殿里教训百姓，及宣讲喜讯的时候，司祭长、经师及长老前来，
2 and said to him, ＂Tell us, by what authority are you doing these things? Or who is the one who gave you this authority?＂
对他说道：＂请你告诉我们：你凭什么权柄作这些事？或者是谁给了你这权柄？＂
3 He said to them in reply, ＂I shall ask you a question. Tell me,
耶稣回答他们说：＂我也要问你们一句话，你们告诉我：
4 was John's baptism of heavenly or of human origin?＂
若翰的洗礼是从天上来的，还是从人来的呢？＂
5 They discussed this among themselves, and said, ＂If we say, ‘Of heavenly origin,' he will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?'
他们心里忖度说：＂如果我们说：是从天上来的，他必要说：你们为什么不信他？
6 But if we say, ‘Of human origin,' then all the people will stone us, for they are convinced that John was a prophet.＂
如果我们说：是从人来的，众百姓必要用石头砸死我们，因为他们都确信若翰是先知。＂
7 So they answered that they did not know from where it came.
于是他们回答说：＂不知道是从哪里来的。＂
8 Then Jesus said to them, ＂Neither shall I tell you by what authority I do these things.＂
耶稣也给他们说：＂我也不告诉你们：我凭什么权柄作这些事。＂
9 2 Then he proceeded to tell the people this parable. ＂(A) man planted a vineyard, leased it to tenant farmers, and then went on a journey for a long time.
耶稣对百姓设了这个比喻：有一个人培植了一个葡萄园，把它租给园户，就往远方去，为时很久。
10 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenant farmers to receive some of the produce of the vineyard. But they beat the servant and sent him away empty-handed.
到了时节，他便打发一个仆人去园户那里，为叫他们把园中应纳的果实交给他。园户却打了他，放他空手回去。
11 So he proceeded to send another servant, but him also they beat and insulted and sent away empty-handed.
园主又打发了另一个仆人去，他们把那人也打了，并加以侮辱，放他空手回去。
12 Then he proceeded to send a third, but this one too they wounded and threw out.
园主又打发第三个去，连这一个，他们也打伤，把他赶了出去。
13 The owner of the vineyard said,‘What shall I do? I shall send my beloved son; maybe they will respect him.'
葡萄园的主人说：我要怎样办呢？我要打发我的爱子去，或许他们会敬重他。
14 But when the tenant farmers saw him they said to one another, 'This is the heir. Let us kill him that the inheritance may become ours.'
谁知园户一看见他，便彼此商议说：这是承继人，我们要杀掉他，好让产业归于我们。
15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. 3 What will the owner of the vineyard do to them?
于是他们把他推到葡萄园外杀了。那么，葡萄园的主人要怎样处置他们呢？
16 He will come and put those tenant farmers to death and turn over the vineyard to others.＂ When the people heard this, they exclaimed, ＂Let it not be so!＂
他必要来，除灭这些园户，把葡萄园租给别人。＂众人一听这话，就说：＂千万不要这样！＂
17 But he looked at them and asked, ＂What then does this scripture passage mean: ‘The stone which the builders rejected has become the cornerstone'?
耶稣注视他们说：＂那么，经上所载：‘匠人弃而不用的石头，反而成了屋角的基石，’这句话是什么意思？
18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be dashed to pieces; and it will crush anyone on whom it falls.＂
凡跌在这石头上的，必被撞碎；这石头落在谁身上，必要把他压碎。＂
19 The scribes and chief priests sought to lay their hands on him at that very hour, but they feared the people, for they knew that he had addressed this parable to them.
经师及司祭长在那时刻就想下手逮捕耶稣，但是害怕百姓。他们明白这个比喻是暗指他们说的。
20 4 They watched him closely and sent agents pretending to be righteous who were to trap him in speech, in order to hand him over to the authority and power of the governor.
于是他们窥察耶稣，派遣奸细，假装义人，要抓住他的语病，好把他交付于总督的司法权下。
21 They posed this question to him, ＂Teacher, we know that what you say and teach is correct, and you show no partiality, but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth.
他们就诘问他说：＂师傅，我们知道你说话施教，都正直无私；又不看情面，但按真理教授天主的道路。
22 Is it lawful for us to pay tribute to Caesar or not?＂ 5
敢问：我们给凯撒纳丁税，可以不可以？＂
23 Recognizing their craftiness he said to them,
耶稣觉察出他们的诡计，便对他们说：
24 ＂Show me a denarius; 6 whose image and name does it bear?＂ They replied, ＂Caesar's.＂
＂你们拿一个＂德纳＂来给我看！这＂德纳＂上有谁的肖像，有谁的字号？＂他们说：＂凯撒的。＂
25 So he said to them, ＂Then repay to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God.＂
耶稣对他们说：＂那么，凯撒的就应归还凯撒；天主的，就应归还天主。＂
26 They were unable to trap him by something he might say before the people, and so amazed were they at his reply that they fell silent.
他们在民众在面前，不能抓到他的语病，且惊奇他的应对，遂噤口不言。
27 Some Sadducees, 7 those who deny that there is a resurrection, came forward and put this question to him,
否认复活的撒杜塞人中，有几个前来问耶稣说：
28 8 saying, ＂Teacher, Moses wrote for us, ‘If someone's brother dies leaving a wife but no child, his brother must take the wife and raise up descendants for his brother.'
＂师傅，梅瑟给我们写道：如果一个人的哥哥死了，撇下妻子而没有子嗣，他的弟弟就应娶他的妻子，给他哥哥立嗣
29 Now there were seven brothers; the first married a woman but died childless.
曾有兄弟七人，第一个娶了妻子，没有子嗣就死了。
30 Then the second
第二个，
31 and the third married her, and likewise all the seven died childless.
及第三个都娶过她为妻。七个人都是如此：没有留下子嗣就死了。
32 Finally the woman also died.
末后，连那妇人也死了。
33 Now at the resurrection whose wife will that woman be? For all seven had been married to her.＂
那么，在复活的时候，这妇人是他们那一个的妻子？因为他们七个人都娶过她为妻。＂
34 Jesus said to them, ＂The children of this age marry and remarry;
耶稣对他们说：＂今世之子也娶也嫁；
35 but those who are deemed worthy to attain to the coming age and to the resurrection of the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage.
但那堪得来世，及堪当由死者中复活的人，他们也不娶，也不嫁；
36 They can no longer die, for they are like angels; and they are the children of God because they are the ones who will rise. 9
甚至他们也不能再死，因为他们相似天使，他们既是复活之子，也就是天主之子。
37 That the dead will rise even Moses made known in the passage about the bush, when he called ‘Lord' the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob;
至论死者复活，梅瑟已在荆棘篇中指明了：他称上主为亚巴郎的天主，依撒格的天主及雅各伯的天主。
38 and he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive.＂
他不是死人的，而是活人的天主：所有的人为他都是生活的。＂
39 Some of the scribes said in reply, ＂Teacher, you have answered well.＂
有几个经师应声说：＂师傅，你说的好。＂
40 And they no longer dared to ask him anything.
从此，他们再不敢质问他什么了。
41 10 Then he said to them, ＂How do they claim that the Messiah is the Son of David?
耶稣问他们说：＂人们怎么称默西亚是达味之子呢？
42 For David himself in the Book of Psalms says:‘The Lord said to my lord, ＂Sit at my right hand
达味自己曾在圣咏集上说：‘上主对吾主说：你坐在我右边，
43 till I make your enemies your footstool.＂'
等我使你的仇敌变作你脚下的踏板。’
44 Now if David calls him ‘lord,' how can he be his son?＂
达味既称他为主，他怎样又是达味之子呢？＂
45 Then, within the hearing of all the people, he said to (his) disciples,
众百姓正听的时候，耶稣对他的门徒说：
46 ＂Be on guard against the scribes, who like to go around in long robes and love greetings in marketplaces, seats of honor in synagogues, and places of honor at banquets.
＂你们应慎防经师！他们喜欢穿长袍游行，喜爱街市上的致敬，会堂里的高位，筵席上的首座。
47 They devour the houses of widows and, as a pretext, recite lengthy prayers. They will receive a very severe condemnation.＂
他们吞没寡妇们的家产，而又以长久的祈祷作掩饰：这些人必要遭受更重的处罚。＂
Footnotes(注解)
1 [1-47] The Jerusalem religious leaders or their representatives, in an attempt to incriminate Jesus with the Romans and to discredit him with the people, pose a number of questions to him (about his authority, 2; about payment of taxes, Luke 20:22; about the resurrection, Luke 20:28-33).
2 [9-19] This parable about an absentee landlord and a tenant farmers' revolt reflects the social and economic conditions of rural Palestine in the first century. The synoptic gospel writers use the parable to describe how the rejection of the landlord's son becomes the occasion for the vineyard to be taken away from those to whom it was entrusted (the religious leadership of Judaism that rejects the teaching and preaching of Jesus; Luke 20:19).
3 [15] They threw him out of the vineyard and killed him: cf Mark 12:8. Luke has altered his Marcan source and reports that the murder of the son takes place outside the vineyard to reflect the tradition of Jesus' death outside the walls of the city of Jerusalem (see Hebrews 13:12).
4 [20] The governor: i.e., Pontius Pilate, the Roman administrator responsible for the collection of taxes and maintenance of order in Palestine.
5 [22] Through their question the agents of the Jerusalem religious leadership hope to force Jesus to take sides on one of the sensitive political issues of first-century Palestine. The issue of nonpayment of taxes to Rome becomes one of the focal points of the First Jewish Revolt (A.D. 66-70) that resulted in the Roman destruction of Jerusalem and the temple. See also the note on Matthew 22:15-22.
6 [24] Denarius: a Roman silver coin (see the note on Luke 7:41).
7 [27] Sadducees: see the note on Matthew 3:7.
8 [28-33] The Sadducees' question, based on the law of levirate marriage recorded in Deut 25:5-10, ridicules the idea of the resurrection. Jesus rejects their naive understanding of the resurrection (Luke 20:35-36) and then argues on behalf of the resurrection of the dead on the basis of the written law (Luke 20:37-38) that the Sadducees accept. See also the notes on Matthew 22:23-33.
9 [36] Because they are the ones who will rise: literally, ＂being sons of the resurrection.＂
10 [41-44] After successfully answering the three questions of his opponents, Jesus now asks them a question. Their inability to respond implies that they have forfeited their position and authority as the religious leaders of the people because they do not understand the scriptures. This series of controversies between the religious leadership of Jerusalem and Jesus reveals Jesus as the authoritative teacher whose words are to be listened to (see Luke 9:35). See also the notes on Matthew 22:41-46.